In early November, in the Lomonosov building of the Moscow state university named after M.V. Lomonosov, the second All-Russian Congress of Teachers of Geography was held.
More than 550 teachers of geography, methodologists, lecturers took part in the congress high school, representatives of regional branches of the Russian geographical society, Russian Association geography teachers from all subjects of our country.
From Kaluga region at the congress worked the head of the department of geography of the KSU. K.E. Tsiolkovsky O.I. Aleinikov, teacher of the village of Nizhnie Pryski, Kozelsky district, Kaluga region, winner of the competition "Teacher of the Year - 2016" in the Kaluga region B.M. Sergeev and our fellow countryman, teacher of geography of the Kremenskaya high school, Deputy Chairman of the Association of Teachers of Geography of the Kaluga Region E.A. Krasnov.
The organizers of the Second All-Russian Congress of Teachers of Geography were Lomonosov Moscow State University, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Russian Geographical Society, the Russian Academy of Education and the Russian Association of Teachers of Geography. The main topic of the congress was the discussion of the Concept for the development of geographical education in Russia.
Opening the congress, Rector of Moscow State University, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.A. At the same time, geography has been and remains a subject that forms the consciousness of a person and his attitude to life. Geography as a science forms the consciousness and attitude of a person to life. Every second of our lives we are in this environment - in the environment of nature, in the human environment, and all this requires deep study, fundamental knowledge.
President of the Russian Association of Teachers of Geography, Head of the Department of Economic and Social Geography, Doctor of Pedagogy, Professor of Moscow State Pedagogical University A.A.
regional branches of RAUG.
Head of the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science S.S. Kravtsov noted that geography for passing the exam choose a small percentage of graduates, and in 2016 USE year passed only about 18 thousand schoolchildren, or 3% of the participants in the exam. In that academic year All-Russian verification work in geography is planned in the 11th grade on a voluntary basis.
The First Vice-President of the Russian Geographical Society, President of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences N.S. Kasimov also spoke about the work of the regional branches of the Russian Geographical Society to discuss the main provisions of this Concept.
After the plenary session in the work of eleven round tables a discussion was held on the main provisions of the draft Concept for the development of geographical education in Russian Federation Keywords: modernization of the content of geographical education, problems of methods of teaching geography, system additional education and school geography, geographical education and popularization of geography, a system for assessing the quality of geographical education, etc.
On the second and final day of the congress, the plenary session, which was also opened by the rector of Moscow State University V.A. Sadovnichiy, was addressed by the President of the Russian Geographical Society S.K. He noted the importance of the participation of scientific, expert and pedagogical community in the work on the draft Concept and the role of the Russian Geographical Society in popularizing geography among the youth. S. K. Shoigu also reminded all delegates and participants of the congress about the November 20, 2016 All-Russian dictation in Geography, called on everyone to take an active part in its preparation and implementation.
The role of the subject of geography in the formation of personality and common civic identity and the need to create well-equipped geography classrooms in schools was noted by the Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation O. Yu. Vasilyeva. She also supported the initiative to introduce a mandatory geography exam in grades 9 and 11 and stressed the importance of holding All-Russian verification work in geography in educational institutions.
In conclusion, the First Vice-President of the Russian Geographical Society, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences N.S. Kasimov read out the resolution of the Congress on the adoption of the Concept of Geographical Education. As a result of the work, the delegates and participants of the congress adopted it unanimously.
Geography is an important subject in the program modern school which allows students to develop an understanding of the integrity modern world, explore nature in the aggregate natural complexes, various sectors of the economy, economic and
geographic features and global problems. Let's hope that the past congress will help school geography to regain its former high status, and for our students to become the most exciting, useful and relevant school subject.
The presented concept is written professionally, reflects all aspects of geographical education. The team that compiled this project knows firsthand the problems of geographical education. The authors of the project have deeply analyzed and studied this issue.
The concept shows the importance of geographical education, the problems of studying and teaching geography. The Concept contains the goals and objectives of the project. The main directions of the implementation of the Concept and the expected results are presented.
Everything is written well, “smoothly” and correctly. BUT do not overestimate geographical education and exalt this subject as a subject that solves all the problems of the educational and economic spheres.
The danger is that "make an official pray to God, he will hurt his forehead." A situation may arise that was created with the introduction of the subject of life safety (in all classes), physical education for 3 hours a week, social science (as a subject that teaches everything). Such distortions can lead to disappointment in a favorite subject (geography).
With the introduction of 1 hour per week in grade 5 and 1 hour per week in grade 6 (according to GEF at the moment), it is not advisable to introduce 2 hours per week in grade 6 (if 1 hour remains in grade 5). I think that students should take an exam in geography at will, and not all of them without exception.
Allocate funds for the development of children's, amateur tourism.
Feedback on the Conceptfor the development of geographical education in the Russian FederationChurlyaev Yu.A. Associate Professor VIRO, geography teacher Lyceum 9 Voronezh
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The end of August 2016 turned out to be very rich in events related to the discussion in the Russian Federation. And in each of the events, specialists from the joint publishing group "DROFA" - "VENTANA-GRAF" took an active part.
24 August
V August Forum of RUDN University Pedagogical Assets
On August 24, on the basis of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, the 5th August Forum of RUDN pedagogical activists was held. More than 1500 teachers took part in the work various subjects. There were speeches by prominent figures of science, pedagogy and educational book publishing.
Specialists of the united group "DROFA" - "VENTANA-GRAF" held master classes. A new product was presented at the geography section - a free interactive application on the platform. “This project is aimed primarily at preparing for the OGE and the Unified State Examination, namely, to develop cartographic skills and abilities,” notes Irina Leonidovna Solodova, methodologist in geography. – The application contains both tests and tasks that simulate working with contour maps. The project is constantly evolving, the content is updated and replenished.
25-th of August
Conference "State and prospects for the development of geographical education"
The next day, August 25, the traditional August conference of teachers of geography in Moscow "The state and prospects for the development of geographical education" was held. Teachers of schools in the capital and teachers of universities were invited to familiarize themselves with main theme discussions - the draft Concept for the Development of Geographical Education in the Russian Federation.
The meeting was held at the headquarters of the Russian Geographical Society. Reports on present stage in the development of geography and geographical education made famous scholars and methodologists. Among them are the authors of textbooks and the publishing group "DROFA" - "VENTANA-GRAF":
- Alexander Ivanovich Alekseev , professor at Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosov
- Irina Ivanovna Barinova , Professor MIOO
- Elvira Vasilievna Kim , Senior Lecturer MIOO
August, 26th
All-Russian seminar "Modernization of modern geographical education"
August 26 at Russian University Friendship of Peoples, the All-Russian Seminar "Modernization of modern geographical education" was held. The event was organized by RUDN and the Geography at School magazine with the support of the Russian Association of Teachers of Geography and with the participation of the DROFA publishing group - VENTANA-GRAF.
The guests of the meeting were teachers from Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg, Perm Territory, Sverdlovsk, Orenburg, Volgograd, Tula, Belgorod regions and other regions of the country.
The editor-in-chief of the journal "Geography at School" addressed the participants of the seminar with a welcoming speech Mikhail Viktorovich Ryzhakov and President of the Russian Association of Teachers of Geography Alexander Alexandrovich Lobzhanidze, who emphasized how important it is to bring the content and teaching methods in line with the requirements of the time.
Presentations were made on topical topics for teachers, such as continuity in the study of the subject at school and the reflection of geopolitical and social problems in textbooks modern society. The main issue of the seminar was the discussion of the draft Concept of Geographical Education.
The concept of geographic education is what will define geographic education for the foreseeable future
As follows from the project, the Concept “represents a system of views on the basic principles, priorities, goals, objectives and main directions for the development of geographical education and enlightenment in the Russian Federation, and also determines the mechanisms, tools, resource provision, targets and expected results from its implementation. The concept correlates with previously developed strategic documents - the Historical and Cultural Standard, the Concepts for the Development of Mathematical Education, the Teaching of the Russian Language and Literature, State program « Patriotic education Citizens for 2016-2020" and, along with them, aims to improve the system of education and enlightenment in the Russian Federation, its adaptation to the needs of modern society".
“The concept of geographic education is what will define geographic education for the foreseeable future,” explains Veronika Nikolaevna Kholina, one of the organizers of the seminar "Modernization of modern geographical education", head of the department of regional economics and geography of the People's Friendship University of Russia, author of the line of teaching materials of the DROFA publishing group - VENTANA-GRAF. – Therefore, every word in this document attracted the close attention of the participants in the discussion. Each of the sections of the concept was discussed in the working groups. Concrete proposals were prepared to make geographic education important for all participants educational process interesting for teachers and students, useful in life. I would very much like the opinion of the professional community to be heard by those who make decisions.”
It is planned to adopt the Concept on congress of teachers of geography November 2–4, 2016. The congress is organized by the Russian Geographical Society and the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov. It will also determine the period during which publishing houses will have to make actual changes to the published teaching materials in geography or create new ones - in accordance with the requirements for the content and teaching methods approved at the congress.
To date, the joint publishing group "DROFA" - "VENTANA-GRAPH" produces several lines of textbooks and manuals on geography for all classes, taking into account the specifics educational organizations:
- (grades 5–9)
- (grades 5–9)
Sergei Kravtsov's first statements as Minister of Education of the Russian Federation turned out to be cautious. In particular, he announced continuity in the work of the ministry, which, apparently, does not apply to the adoption of the Federal State Educational Standard general education actively promoted by the previous leadership. Sergei Kravtsov believes that "we need to take a break" in this respect. How did the professional community react to this? We publish the opinions of experts and educators!
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The Convention on the Rights of the Child, which has been ratified by 154 countries, prohibits the exploitation of child labor. Despite the bans, this shameful phenomenon for the 21st century is flourishing. Moreover, there is still no single legally verified and socially justified concept of "child labor" in the world. Arseniy Rykov understood the problem of an international scale.
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The current trend of our time is the development of conceptual approaches to the study of various school subjects. Concepts on the Russian language, literature, national history, mathematics. The discussion of the draft concept of geographical education began.
Interdepartmental working group under the auspices of the Russian Geographical Society and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, a draft Concept for the Development of Geographical Education in the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Concept) was developed. It is a system of views on the basic principles, priorities, goals, objectives and main directions for the development of school geographical education and enlightenment.
According to the authors of the draft document, modern system geographical education does not meet the needs of the time and requires significant correction. The draft concept contains proposals for the development of a new standard for school geographical education and requirements for the structure of the educational and methodological complex; recommendations were given on holding a competition and creating new lines of textbooks on geography; organization of advanced training courses for teachers.
On July 18, 2016, an expert seminar "Geography" was held at the Russian Academy of Education, at which the draft "Concepts for the development of geographical education in the Russian Federation" was discussed.
A group of experts, participants of the seminar, consisting of methodologists, teachers, university professors, actively joined in the process of discussing the document. The discussion was also attended by the authors of textbooks and teaching aids in geography, published by the joint publishing group "DROFA" - "VENTANA-GRAF".
Based on the results of the seminar, it was concluded that the presented project needs serious improvement. What is the essence of the comments and suggestions of experts?
The document does not match the genre
First of all, no one questions the significance of such a document as a concept.
— This is a very important, necessary and responsible document. It is based on a deep analysis, reflection, forecast, a project of the main directions of development in the future,” Mikhail Ryzhakov, academician of the Russian Academy of Education and editor-in-chief of the journal Geography at School, is convinced.
At the same time, experts note that this concept does not correspond to the declared genre.
Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Geography for Research, Perm State National research university Maria Ivanova and her colleagues from the university argue that “the material presented for discussion on the website of the Russian Geographical Society can be called the “Concept for the Development of Geographical Education in the Russian Federation” with a high degree of convention.” The reason is that it is not consistent with the current normative documents; does not have a clear structure; has no practical output, based on the intended results.
In other words, the presented project does not meet the requirements that apply to the genre of the concept.
Walking in circles
Experts criticize the authors of the presented project for not taking into account the experience of the creators of previous documents, such as the Concept of the Content of Geographical Education in the 12-Year School of 2000, when developing the document. The main advantage of the 2000 Concept, Associate Professor of the Moscow Pedagogical State University Elena Belovolova, considers that its developers considered school geography as a subject that forms in students a comprehensive, systemic, socially-oriented idea of the Earth as a planet of people.
- Without a serious analysis made before you in the area you are interested in, nothing good can come of it. And you will be doomed to repeat what has long been known, to “walk in circles”, which is what the discussed text of the project demonstrates,” states M. Ryzhakov.
Utopian proposals
The authors of the draft Concept point out that “the system of geographical education and enlightenment that has developed in Russia over many years is currently in a state of degradation, which is manifested, in particular, in the constant decrease in the number of hours allocated for teaching geography in the main and high school." M. Ryzhakov believes that “the decrease in hours for geography indicates, first of all, that school administrations do not see much benefit from studying this discipline. The situation is further aggravated by the fact that geography has "competitors" in the face of such subjects as social science, life safety, economics, ecology, within which many topics are studied, presented in the geography course.
According to experts, the main directions for implementing the concept proposed by the authors are purely mechanical and administrative in nature. This is the preservation of the number of hours in the subject of geography in the amount of 2 hours per week in each grade (from 6 to 9 grades); introduction of the course "Geography of the Native Land" for grades 8-9, 1 hour per week in each grade; the inclusion of geography as a compulsory subject at the basic and advanced levels in all profiles of high school, etc. M. Ryzhakov notes that the authors of the document forget that “in accordance with federal law“On Education in the Russian Federation” and the Federal State Educational Standard, the content of education ( academic plan, learning programs, guidelines etc.) is determined by the participants of the educational process independently”.
Some proposals of the authors of the draft Concept Associate Professor of the Department of Life Safety and Natural Sciences, Acting Nadezhda Romanova calls the Dean of the Faculty of Natural Geography of the Amur Humanities and Pedagogical State University utopian. And this is, first of all, the introduction of mandatory OGE and USE in geography. In her opinion, this is impossible to implement, since in this case it will be necessary to introduce mandatory exams in other school subjects.
- Many will object: Soviet schoolchildren passed 7-9 mandatory exams in various subjects and coped on average with more than “satisfactory”. Now it is unlikely that society will take such a step, N. Romanova notes.
Instead of cosmetic measures - cardinal decisions
Experts are convinced that it is necessary to go the other way. It is necessary to change the structure and content of the school geography course, and not be limited to only cosmetic “on the scale of the subject” measures.
- The authors do not even ask questions: are the courses that are in school curriculum now? - states M. Ryzhakov. — Do they meet the needs of modern society? Are they being studied in the correct sequence, or should they be replaced by others? But the current structure of the geography course was created more than half a century ago. It seems to me that it is long outdated.
Associate Professor of the Department of Methods of Teaching Geography, Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Geography for educational work Moscow State Pedagogical University Alexander Letyagin notes that it is necessary to discuss the issue of changing the structure of geographical courses in the basic school. It seems that the most optimal variant of such a structure may be the following sequence of courses: grades 5-6 - “ Starting Course geography", 7-8 grades - "Geography of their region" and "Geography of Russia", grade 9 - "Geography of the world".
Tatyana Strelnikova, Associate Professor of the Department of Natural Science and Mathematics Education of the Lipetsk Regional "IRO", has her own vision of the structure of the school geography course. She offers to study the propaedeutic course “History of geographical discoveries”, in the content of the 6th grade course, slightly increase the volume educational material in astronomy, which was no longer studied as a separate course in the 11th grade. According to T. Strelnikova, it is important to keep 2 hours a week from grades 6 to 9 and introduce mandatory 2 hours a week in grades 10-11.
But not the number of hours is the main factor in the successful study of the subject, but the change in the vector of teaching - from relaying and reproducing knowledge to comprehending various geographical phenomena.
- Modern geographical education in school aims students at rote a lot of elements. Of course, knowledge of geographical nomenclature and concepts is necessary within certain limits, but all education must be built not on the principle of memorization-reproduction, but on the principle logical thinking, activity-based, practice-oriented approach, on the principle of linking certain geographical objects with certain problems or phenomena, T. Strelnikova reflects.
Ways of modernization
Alexander Letyagin offers following paths modernization of school geographical education: 1) integration of knowledge about nature, human existence in certain natural conditions and human activities; 2) elimination of obsolete educational material and inclusion in the content of geographical courses and learning activities modern knowledge using the latest sources of geographic information (Earth remote sensing data, global positioning systems, digital and laser devices and instruments); 3) increase in quantity practical work, including on the ground.
Strelnikova T. believes that it is necessary to interest students in obtaining geographical knowledge, and for this there are many methods.
Firstly, it is very important to visually show the world to children in geography lessons (films, videos, audio recordings).
Secondly, the textbook should be not just a book to read, but a manual for independent work, reflections, formation of general educational and special abilities and skills.
Thirdly, it is necessary to strengthen the local history approach in the study of geography - maximum attention to one's own region (starting from the immediate surroundings of the school and ending with the territory of one's region (region)).
Fourthly, the greening of geography courses based on the education of love and respect for the Earth as a home where we live. The basic principle is: think globally, act locally.
Fifth, use differentiated approach in learning. This is a clear division of geographic content into levels: for reference, basic level, in-depth study. In addition, it is necessary to include specialized and specialized courses, blocks, etc. in the educational process, and for this, alternative programs and textbooks should be developed.
Finally, in the content part of the high school course, T. Strelnikova suggests reducing the material on industry and regional issues, paying more attention to the study of problematic, even philosophical issues ( Natural resources, energy, world economic relations, geopolitics, problems of poverty, hunger, population, urban development, terrorism, drug addiction, geoecology, the problem of sustainable development, etc.).
At the same time, all experts note the need for a reasonable simplification of the school geography course.
It is better to be easy and interesting than difficult and incomprehensible.
— Let me share an interesting observation: when I was at school, geography was considered one of the easiest subjects, — says M. Ryzhakov. - Preparation for it did not require much effort, there were no underachievers in this discipline. I think the reason for the preferences of today's ninth graders who choose the OGE in geography is understandable - it is easier to prepare for a geography exam than for any other. But I'm afraid that very soon the situation will change for the worse. The same age as my granddaughter, who is in the eighth grade in one of best schools Moscow, argue that this is a very complex subject, the material is overloaded, often incomprehensible even good students, and teachers explain in such a way that nothing becomes clearer. I regard this phenomenon as very disturbing, because it is better to be easy and interesting than difficult and incomprehensible.
In general, experts believe that when selecting the content of a school geography course, it is necessary to remove certain topics, reduce the number of studied nomenclature, definitions, which will lead to an increase in the quality of students' knowledge.
How to solve personnel problems?
Among the problems of modern geographical education, the authors of the draft concept emphasize personnel problems.
The low prestige of the profession of a geography teacher, and as a result - extremely low rates on the admission of school graduates to pedagogical universities for this specialty. As a result, we get low-skilled teaching staff.
The text of the draft Concept lists targets that may be achieved through the implementation of the main provisions of the document: doubling the number of applicants in the geographical specialties of universities until 2021; increase in competition at geographical faculties pedagogical universities 10% by 2021 and 25% by 2025. Nadezhda Romanova believes that it is unrealistic to achieve these figures, at least for provincial universities.
- We have not recruited applicants at our faculty for three years - all this time there was no state order for geography teachers. Yes, geography teachers are very much needed in remote rural schools, but they must be paid for their targeted contract training. municipalities(the average cost of preparing a bachelor at our university is 84,000 rubles a year, plus hostel fees, expenses associated with travel to and from the place of practice). And not every student will sign an agreement for targeted contract training. Even with those measures to support young professionals who go to work in the villages of the Khabarovsk Territory (providing lifting, free housing at the place of work, special conditions for remuneration for the first three years of work), not everyone is ready to live in harsh climatic conditions. If the same conditions were created for high-quality teaching of geography in all regions of Russia (providing textbooks, personnel, resources), then we would work more efficiently, and geography would become one of the leading school disciplines,” Nadezhda Romanova is convinced.
Concept needs improvement
What is the conclusion from all this?
Mikhail Ryzhakov proposes to rewrite the concept and single out three major blocks in it: school and university geography and educational activities in this area. And in each block indicate the direction of development.
- As for the school course, cardinal changes in the structure and content are required here, - continues the academician of the Russian Academy of Education. — In order to understand exactly what changes will be required, it is necessary to conduct serious research. I am convinced that if serious scientists, prominent professionals, and practicing teachers are involved, then it is possible to prepare such a concept, and it will serve the current and future generations of geography teachers for a long time.
Based on the results of the seminar, the participants formulated practical conclusions and proposals for the target groups: the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia; regional and municipal education authorities; associations of subject teachers; heads of educational organizations.
An active part in this work was taken by the authors of textbooks and manuals on geography, published by the joint publishing group "Drofa" - "Ventana-Graf". Thus, Oksana Klimanova and Alexander Letyagin worked as part of a group that prepared proposals for the discussed draft Concept for the Ministry of Education and Science.
The experts recommended narrowing the scope of the document (pre-school, primary, basic and secondary education) and making a corresponding change in its title - "The Concept for the Development of General Geographical Education in the Russian Federation", as well as bringing its content in line with the title of the document.
The draft Concept, according to experts, should formulate a national idea for the development of general geographical education and define the priorities for its development. It is important to show the necessity and importance of obtaining basic geographical knowledge and skills for life in modern society.
The participants of the seminar emphasized the need to single out a separate subject area "Geography" and the inadmissibility of including academic discipline"Geography" at the levels of basic and secondary general education in the subject areas "Social science disciplines" or "Natural science disciplines".
According to the leader Researcher Education Development Center Russian Academy education Yulia Solovieva, the last seminar - preparation for the upcoming All-Russian Congress of Geography Teachers, at which the discussion of the draft Concept will continue (the All-Russian Congress of Geography Teachers will be held in the fall of 2016).
We invite all interested specialists to participate in this work!
