In the coat of arms of which city is a camel and what does it mean?
- emblem of the city of Chelyabinsk
- Camel is a symbol of Chelyabinsk. Symbolizes the trade center, the intersection, or rather, the connection of trade routes. Like so.
- There are also camels in the coats of arms of Aktobe and Semipalatinsk and Chelyabinsk and in the old coat of arms of Petropavlovsk, and many other cities in Russia and Kazakhstan and other countries. .
Camel means that in ancient times there were caravan trade routes there, and there were caravans with camels.
- Coat of arms of the city of Semipalatinsk
"On the azure field of the shield is a golden loaded camel and above it a silver moon and a pentagonal star."
No wonder a golden camel on an azure background adorned the coat of arms of Semipalatinsk for a long time, emphasizing the importance of the city as a major center of trade on the Irtysh.
The golden camel on the coat of arms is a symbol of a happy caravan route and flourishing trade. - Chelyabinsk city
In 1743, the Chelyabinsk fortress became the administrative center of the Iset province, and it housed the provincial office. The coat of arms of the province was made on the state seal of the office - against the background of the fortress wall a two-humped camel tied to it, military weapons and banners on both sides of the coat of arms, and on top - the state crown and the inscription "Her Imperial Majesty the seal of the Isets or Transural province."
Administrative transformations of the last quarter of the 18th century changed the status of Chelyabinsk. In November 1781, it became a county town and became part of the Ufa governorship. In June 1782, a coat of arms was granted to Chelyabinsk by personal decree. From the surviving documents today it is known that this coat of arms was developed by the real state councilor Volkov. What did the coat of arms look like and what symbolism did it have?
It had a traditional shield-like shape. In its upper part was placed the ancient emblem of Ufa: in a silvery field, a running marten with a fluffy tail, symbolizing the abundance of animals and the hunting grounds of the region. The image of a marten was placed on the emblems of all cities subordinate to Ufa, and Chelyabinsk was no exception.
The lower half of the first Chelyabinsk emblem was decorated with a camel, only already loaded. In the "Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire" for 1830, this is given the following explanation: "A loaded camel as a sign that they are brought to this city with goods." Thus, the camel symbolized trade, which at that time was mainly used by the city, and its raised head and forward looking, as it were, determined the historical perspective of Chelyabinsk, its future important role in Russian trade and the economic life of the country.
The coat of arms of the county Chelyabinsk was multicolored, and each color was also a symbol. The yellow-gold color of the camel testified to wealth, the white-silver color of the field (background) of the coat of arms meant kindness and tranquility, the green color of the grass under the feet of animals meant abundance, and the red color of the marten and the upper part of the shield symbolized courage.
The first emblem existed until 1917. Revolutionary whirlwinds mercilessly swept away all the old historical heraldry and symbols, giving birth to a new, Soviet one. For many decades, a kind of stamp vacuum arose. In 1969-1970, the Vecherniy Chelyabinsk newspaper announced a competition for designs for a new coat of arms for the city. One of the best was recognized as the work of the Honored Artist of the RSFSR M. A. Komissarov, which for some time became the emblem of Chelyabinsk. Again, the question of the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk was raised in connection with the 250th anniversary of the city. Another competition was announced, in which the version of the coat of arms of the Moscow artist V. A. Keidan received preference. A camel, a gear, a ladle for pouring steel and a book were placed on the traditional shield - symbols of the industrial and scientific potential of the city. A badge with a new artistic symbol was even issued, which, however, was not officially approved anywhere and therefore cannot be called a historical coat of arms.
- For the first time, a loaded camel appeared on the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk on June 6, 1782 (it was founded in 1736 as a Russian fortress on the site of the Bashkir village of Selyaba-Chelyaba, hence Chelyabinsk). Since 1743 - the city. Over the years, he was part of the Perm, then in the Ufa governorate, from the end of the 18th century - in the Orenburg province. The Chelyabinsk region was formed in early 1934. The coat of arms of 2001 is the first coat of arms of the Chelyabinsk region, compiled on the basis of the historical coat of arms of the city of Chelyabinsk.
An explanation of the image of a camel in the coat of arms is already given in the description of the symbol of the city in 1782: "... a laden camel, as a sign that they bring enough goods to this city." Trade routes passed through Chelyabinsk to the south, to Kazakhstan, many regions of Asia, where one of the main vehicles was a camel. The ship of the desert, as it was called in its time, is a hardy and noble animal, inspiring respect and allegorically showing wisdom, longevity, memory, fidelity, patience. The historical land crown indicates the status of the Chelyabinsk region as a subject of the Russian Federation. The region was awarded two orders of Lenin in 1956 and 1970, which speaks of its great merits.
The modern Chelyabinsk coat of arms has an interesting heraldic pedigree and deep historical roots. The camel depicted on the coat of arms is, in fact, the same age as the city. It owes its appearance to the outstanding statesman and historian V. N. Tatishchev, who in 1734-1737 managed state-owned factories in the Urals. In 1737, V. N. Tatishchev submitted to the Senate two projects of the emblem of the Iset province he created on the territory of the region. The projects differed in that one of them depicted a dog chained to the wall of the fortress, and the other depicted a camel tied to a joke. In the upper part of the Tatishchev emblems-projects, the Tatar crown was placed, and above it the neck and head, again, of a camel triumphantly towered. Along with the military elements of the coat of arms, this animal, no doubt, perfectly symbolized the main goals of building new fortresses in the southeast - to ensure reliable protection of Russia's economic interests in the Asian region, to promote the development of trade and the economic development of new territories.
The silver camel majestically entered the coat of arms and the flag of the region on the same day, December 27, 2001. Their descriptions are given in the relevant laws.The image of a camel on the coat of arms is also on the coat of arms in another country of Eritrea. The state emblem of Eritrea was approved on the day the country received independence on May 24, 1993. The image shows a camel surrounded by an olive branch. The inscription of the state of Eritrea in three official languages of the country English State of Eritrea, Arabic #1583;#1608;#1604;#1577; #1573;#1585;#1578;#1585;#1610;#1575;#1548;, and tigrinya #4611;#4872;#4648; #4772;#4653;#4725;#4651;, read Hagere Ertra.
This is not a joke, the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk is a camel against the backdrop of the fortress wall. The animal has always been present on the banners, flags and coat of arms of the millionaire population of the Southern Urals, but camels have never been bred here.
Chelyabinsk has become famous throughout the country for its metallurgical industry. In the 20th century, the city's population grew from 200 thousand to 1.2 million in 50 years thanks to the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway. Why, then, is the coat of arms depicted not a plant or a factory, but a beast of burden?
Coat of arms of the Iset province
The camel on the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk is a historical symbol. The animal appeared in 1740, when there was no city as such. Initially, the coat of arms belonged to the Iset province, which was part of the Russian Empire. The camel was depicted against the wall, surrounded by guns and cannons. The brick wall has always been present in the heraldry of the Iset province and Chelyabinsk for an obvious reason: the city was also a fortress.
The camel on the coat of arms is a cause for controversy. The most common version is associated with the Great Silk Road. Was Chelyabinsk really a city where foreigners actively traded?
Great Silk Road
The version says that Chelyabinsk and Troitsk were large fortresses included in the northern branch of the Great Silk Road. The camel is the best proof. However, the routes of the Great Silk Road never went so far to the North. The hook through the Iset province was simply unprofitable.
In fact, Chelyabinsk at the end of the 18th century almost became the center of trade with Central Asia. Since 1742, the Iset province was actively engaged in barter with the Kazakhs. The main office at that time was located just in the Chelyabinsk fortress. For obvious reasons, merchants went to the fortress: it is easier to negotiate a price with the authorities. Later, the office was moved to the Trinity Fortress, which prevented the future Chelyabinsk from becoming a trading center. But the symbol remains.
At first, it was possible to exchange a limited number of goods with the Kirghiz-Kaisaks (Kazakhs). Usually bread was exchanged for sheep. However, in 1750 the assortment expanded significantly.
A loaded camel is a symbol of trade
In 1751, trade with the Kazakhs brought the Orenburg province nine thousand rubles and a decent amount of silver. Governor Ivan Neplyuev submitted a proposal to the Senate of the Russian Empire to legalize trading. It was decided to organize fairs near the Trinity Fortress. The Kazakhs began to flock to the future Troitsk in May, and left in October. Caravans went from Bukhara, Tashkent and other large Kazakh cities.
Thus, the Chinese and the Great Silk Road have nothing to do with the camel on the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk. The city owes a strange coat of arms to close neighbors and trade partners - the Kazakhs and the Kirghiz.
The camel from the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk could disappear
Chelyabinsk inherited a coat of arms from the Iset province. Over time, the heraldry changed, but the pack animal still flaunted on the banners. For the first time the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk as a city appeared in 1864. Three red camels flaunted on it against the background of a silver shield and a fortress wall. In 1994, the coat of arms was replaced with a new one: one camel against the background of the wall. The current coat of arms was designed in 2000. From that moment on, the animal received a natural color.
Soviet version of the coat of arms
Chelyabinsk almost lost a camel in the USSR. On one of the Soviet projects, a caterpillar tractor, a mining tower and an open book flaunted on the coat of arms. However, there was another design of the emblem: a steel ladle on a red background, and next to it were small images of a sable and a camel. The medals issued for the city's 250th anniversary in 1986 did not depict any animals. A ladle and the number 250 were minted on the metal. The Soviet version of the Chelyabinsk coat of arms was never approved.
The silver camel majestically entered the coat of arms and the flag of the region on the same day, December 27, 2001. Their descriptions are given in the relevant laws.
Coat of arms. "In a scarlet (red) field, a loaded silver two-humped camel with a golden load. The shield is crowned with a golden land crown and surrounded by two ribbons of the Order of Lenin." This is the description of the full coat of arms of the region. In addition to the full one, two more varieties of equally valid versions of the coat of arms were installed: medium (without two ribbons of the Order of Lenin) and small (without a golden land crown and two ribbons of the Order of Lenin). In what cases this or that coat of arms is used, it is defined in the Law "On the Coat of Arms of the Chelyabinsk Region".
For the first time, a loaded camel appeared on the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk on June 6, 1782 (it was founded in 1736 as a Russian fortress on the site of the Bashkir village of Selyaba-Chelyaba, hence Chelyabinsk). Since 1743 - the city. Over the years, he was part of the Perm, then in the Ufa governorate, from the end of the 18th century - in the Orenburg province. The Chelyabinsk region was formed in early 1934. The coat of arms of 2001 is the first coat of arms of the Chelyabinsk region, compiled on the basis of the historical coat of arms of the city of Chelyabinsk.
An explanation of the image of a camel in the coat of arms is already given in the description of the symbol of the city in 1782: "... a laden camel, as a sign that they bring enough goods to this city." Trade routes passed through Chelyabinsk to the south, to Kazakhstan, many regions of Asia, where one of the main vehicles was a camel. The ship of the desert, as it was called in its time, is a hardy and noble animal, inspiring respect and allegorically showing wisdom, longevity, memory, fidelity, patience. The historical land crown indicates the status of the Chelyabinsk region as a subject of the Russian Federation. The region was awarded two orders of Lenin in 1956 and 1970, which speaks of its great merits.
"The flag of the region is a rectangular panel with an aspect ratio of 2: 3 red with a yellow stripe, which is 1/6 of the width of the panel, distracted from the bottom edge of the panel by 1/6, and carrying in the middle of the panel an image of a laden white two-humped camel with yellow luggage, which is 1/2 panel width".
About the color scheme of both characters.
The red color of the field of the coat of arms and the flag is the color of life, mercy and love. It symbolizes courage, strength, fire, feelings, beauty, health. At the same time, red is consonant with the work of metallurgists, machine builders, foundry workers, power engineers, whose main technological processes are associated with thermal reactions. Thus, it is emphasized that the flag of the region represents one of the most industrially developed regions of the country. The golden (yellow) color means the Ural Mountains, the unique South Ural nature, its beauty, the inexhaustible richness of the region's subsoil. Silver (white) color speaks of nobility, purity, justice and generosity.
The modern Chelyabinsk coat of arms has an interesting heraldic pedigree and deep historical roots. The camel depicted on the coat of arms is, in fact, the same age as the city. He owes his appearance to the outstanding statesman and historian V.N. Tatishchev, who in 1734-1737 managed state-owned factories in the Urals. In 1737 V.N. Tatishchev submitted to the Senate two projects of the emblem of the Iset province he created on the territory of the region. The projects differed in that one of them depicted a dog chained to the wall of the fortress, and the other depicted a camel tied to a joke. In the upper part of the Tatishchev emblems-projects, the Tatar crown was placed, and above it the neck and head, again, of a camel triumphantly towered. Along with the military elements of the coat of arms, this animal, no doubt, perfectly symbolized the main goals of building new fortresses in the southeast - to ensure reliable protection of Russia's economic interests in the Asian region, to promote the development of trade and the economic development of new territories.
In 1743, the Chelyabinsk fortress became the administrative center of the Iset province, and it housed the provincial office. The coat of arms of the province was made on the state seal of the office - against the background of the fortress wall a two-humped camel tied to it, military weapons and banners on both sides of the coat of arms, and on top - the state crown and the inscription "Her Imperial Majesty the seal of the Isets or Transural province."
Administrative transformations of the last quarter of the 18th century changed the status of Chelyabinsk. In November 1781, it became a county town and became part of the Ufa governorship. In June 1782, a coat of arms was granted to Chelyabinsk by personal decree. From the surviving documents today it is known that this coat of arms was developed by the real state councilor Volkov. What did the coat of arms look like and what symbolism did it have?
It had a traditional shield-like shape. In its upper part was placed the ancient emblem of Ufa: in a silvery field, a running marten with a fluffy tail, symbolizing the abundance of animals and the hunting grounds of the region. The image of a marten was placed on the emblems of all cities subordinate to Ufa, and Chelyabinsk was no exception.
The lower half of the first Chelyabinsk emblem was decorated with a camel, only already loaded. In the "Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire" for 1830, this is given the following explanation: "A loaded camel as a sign that they are brought to this city with goods." Thus, the camel symbolized trade, which at that time was mainly used by the city, and its raised head and forward looking, as it were, determined the historical perspective of Chelyabinsk, its future important role in Russian trade and the economic life of the country.
The coat of arms of the county Chelyabinsk was multicolored, and each color was also a symbol. The yellow-gold color of the camel testified to wealth, the white-silver color of the field (background) of the coat of arms meant kindness and tranquility, the green color of the grass under the feet of animals meant abundance, and the red color of the marten and the upper part of the shield symbolized courage.
The first emblem existed until 1917. Revolutionary whirlwinds mercilessly swept away all the old historical heraldry and symbols, giving birth to a new, Soviet one. For many decades, a kind of stamp vacuum arose. In 1969-1970, the Vecherniy Chelyabinsk newspaper announced a competition for designs for a new coat of arms for the city. One of the best was recognized as the work of the Honored Artist of the RSFSR M.A. Komissarov, which for some time became the emblem of Chelyabinsk. Again, the question of the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk was raised in connection with the 250th anniversary of the city. Another competition was announced, in which the coat of arms of the Moscow artist V.A. Kaydan. A camel, a gear, a ladle for pouring steel and a book were placed on the traditional shield - symbols of the industrial and scientific potential of the city. A badge with a new artistic symbol was even issued, which, however, was not officially approved anywhere and therefore cannot be called a historical coat of arms.
The current official Chelyabinsk coat of arms, like its first predecessor, is a talented personification of the history of the city. More than one hundred years have passed since the approval of the first coat of arms, but the workaholic camel has not disappeared from the emblem of the city. He remained the main characteristic symbol of Chelyabinsk - a city of workers, decorating its modern coat of arms and continuing to personify its history.
“How long have wolves preached the innocence of foxes?
How long have Russians been talking about honor? The Russians feel it.
If the Germans write it on their coats of arms, then we keep honor in our hearts.”
A. Bestuzhev.
Chelyabinsk people! Residents of a harsh Russian city! No one doubts that you protect and honor the memory of your ancestors. But why the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk camel? Where did the camel come from in the city with a cold climate, the steel capital of Russia? How did a heat-loving inhabitant of the sands get to a place located at the junction of the Urals and Siberia? Reveal the secret, harsh residents of Chelyabinsk!
Two projects of the coat of arms of the Iset province
The unfading interest in the heraldry of regions and cities, in its origin is quite understandable - after all, flags, coats of arms colorfully tell about the history of places, geographical nuances and the natural riches of their native land. Each emblem bears a reflection of the glorious past of the ancestors, their courage and self-sacrifice. The monogram of Chelyabinsk, which went down in history, is a vivid confirmation of this.
The origin of the city's coat of arms
Favorable and convenient for living, the Southern Urals has always attracted people - it is in these areas that archaeologists have discovered the largest settlements of ancient man. The mysterious Arkaim, the oldest settlement of the proto-urban civilization, a peer of the legendary Egyptian pyramids, became a world sensation. In the Middle Ages, the South Ural regions bordered on the Kazan Khanate and represented the most important economic interests of Russia.
The XVIII century marked the development and justification of the Chelyabinsk region. The plans corresponded to the laid down policy of Peter I, who dreamed of expanding Russian borders. At that time, the largest fortifications were laid, one of which was the Chelyabinsk fortress (Chelyab) - the most important defensive point of the state border.
A year later, the Iset province of the Siberian province was formed, and Chelyabinsk in 1743 became its center. In 1737, the statesman, explorer and traveler Vasily Tatishchev presented two heraldic developments of the Iset province to the court of the Great Empress Catherine.
Coat of arms descriptions
The first sketch was a silver wall erected on a black gloomy field with a shield depicted on it and a yellow dog tied to it. The shield was proudly crowned with a camel muzzle and a Tatar crown. As planned by Tatishchev, the wall meant newly built ramparts, and the dog was a symbol of the conquest of the Bashkirs.
The second image was a black shield, which served as the main background, depicted on it a white front garden with a tied two-humped camel. The shield was crowned with a Tatar crown. This option symbolized Russia's trade with Asia. A little later, the coat of arms was finalized - the animal was loaded with bags of cargo, which symbolized the developed trade with the Asian region, when caravan routes went through the Chelyabinsk fortress.
But the empress rejected such developments in heraldry. In 1761, another design heraldic concept for the Iset periphery saw the light. The coat of arms proudly featured a laden "ship of the desert" against the background of a shield hanging on the ramparts. Combat weapons were located on both sides, banners fluttered. The base was decorated with the state crown. The red color of the armorial field spoke of the power of fire, wonderful mercy and fearlessness.
The next coat of arms project arose in 1781 (at the time when Chelyabinsk turned into a district settlement of the Ufa viceroy). When creating fresh heraldry, the old emblem of Ufa (marten) was used. She was depicted in the left zone of the monogram, a loaded camel stood below. The proudly raised head of the animal meant successful trading.
In June 1782, this symbolism was solemnly and approved by the Highest for the county town of Chelyabinsk. Until now, this is the only coat of arms of the Chelyabinsk region of official significance.
In the winter of 1864, the heraldry was supplemented with a silver-plated crown on the tower (certificate of the central district for Chelyabinsk). Such a monogram existed in the settlement until the revolutionary upheaval of 1917.
The Ural town had an official emblem, approved by her Highest command in 1782. The heraldry was not canceled, but they decided to restore and transform it by analogy with the realities of the Soviet era. But for a long time the city could not acquire its own monogram, although the heraldic genealogy of Chelyabinsk keeps numerous competitions in its history:
1966. By the significant date, in honor of half a century since the October Revolution, the city authorities announced a competition for the creation of a modern city coat of arms. According to the plan of the leadership, heraldry is obliged to carry the dignity of the labor merits of representatives of the working class. The emblem of Chelyabinsk depicts a camel, and next to it is a steel furnace.
1985. On the occasion of the city's birthday, its 250th anniversary, the city authorities announced another tender for the improvement of the city's heraldry. Books, a ladle and a sable were added to the coat of arms.
1994. The next page in the history of the Chelyabinsk heraldry. This time, the marten was removed from him and a fragment of the fortress with a gilded tower crown was added. A loaded camel settled on a light green background - a sign of the wealth and prosperity of the city. At the top of the shield was a five-pronged crown. And behind it appeared two hammers of a golden color, connected by an Alexander ribbon.
2000. The heraldic composition has changed in accordance with the current rules of the Russian Union of Heraldry. Chelyabinsk officially acquired a modern coat of arms. The city's monogram was registered on September 12, 2000.
Heraldic description of the modern coat of arms
« In the mural wall with a jagged head on a silvered edge and on the grassy life-giving earth stands a loaded golden camel”, - this is how the heraldry tells about the monogram of Chelyabinsk. On a silver-plated shield, symbolizing the holiness of intentions, sanity and power, it is depicted:
- Part of the fortress wall. This is a historical evidence of the founding of the city (the prison was founded as a Russian fortress).
- A golden camel is drawn. A symbol of the significance of the settlement in trade relations with the regions of Asia. The yellow color indicates that the development of Chelyabinsk directly depends on the success of trade relations.
- Green field. Means the wealth of thoughts and tolerance of the intellectual component of the city.
The coat of arms of modern Chelyabinsk is an improved stylistic version of the oldest city monogram. Its true interpretation says: At the top of the shield is the coat of arms of Ufa, below there is a camel loaded with luggage. This is the voice of the fact that in the town of harsh animals they are brought with loads, but in large quantities».
It is interesting. The camel was not a curiosity for Russia. The inhabitants of Russia knew very well what the “ship of the desert” looked like. Evidence of this are many geographical names in the Urals:
- Camel mountain. Located near the village of Vostochny (Orenburg region). The mountain in appearance really resembles a lying camel with a raised muzzle.
- camel rock. Located in the foothills of Kachkanar (Sverdlovsk region). Near the rock is the Kachkanarsky mining complex.
Camels could be found in the southern regions of the Orenburg region until the 50s of the last century. These areas are historically inhabited by Kazakhs, and a camel is an important household helper for “steppe children”. And the central figure of Chelyabinsk heraldry! Now we know which city's coat of arms depicts a camel, and where it came from!
Probably the most original and unexpected of the main official symbols of Russian cities may seem to be the coat of arms, approved in May 2002. Why the image of the famous ship of the desert - a camel appeared on the coat of arms of the city, even the locals find it difficult to answer.
Description of the official symbol of Chelyabinsk
A group of authors worked on the image of the modern coat of arms. The ideological inspiration was Valery Kryukov, the artistic part was taken over by Andrey Startsev and Robert Malanichev. Konstantin Mochenov was engaged in the heraldic revision of the coat of arms, and Sergey Isaev made a computer version for use in various documents and text files.
The main symbol of the city is a quadrangular shield with rounded lower ends and an elongated tip. The background of the coat of arms is a fortress battlement. The loaded camel became the central character. The color palette is modest, represented by only three colors. The wall lined with bricks and the shield itself are painted silver, the base on which the animal stands is green. The most striking element of the sketch was a camel, made in gold.
Symbolism of color
Each of the colors chosen for the main symbol of Chelyabinsk has its own meaning, and it is important to note that all tones are actively used in world heraldry, two out of three belong to precious metals.
The silver color in the image symbolizes nobility, purity of thoughts, prudence. Gold is a symbol of wealth, not only monetary, but also spiritual, intellectual, moral. Green color is associated with the wealth of natural resources, fertility, development.
The animal, which has always been associated with the movement of goods and goods, is used on the coat of arms of Chelyabinsk in the same meaning. This is a kind of reminder of the wealth of the city, developed trade, abundance.
through the pages of history
The introduction of the heraldic symbol of Chelyabinsk is associated with the name of the outstanding statesman Vasily Tatishchev. In 1737, it was he who presented two versions of the coat of arms of the Iset province (now the Chelyabinsk region): the first - with the image of a dog chained to the fortress wall; the second - with the figure of a camel loaded with cargo. Both versions of the coat of arms were crowned with a Tatar crown, above which was placed the head of the same camel.
The official approval of the Chelyabinsk coat of arms took place much later, it depicted a marten and a camel, and A. Volkov became the author of the project. And only in 1994 the authorities of Chelyabinsk returned the historical coat of arms of the city.
