Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov(full name: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "N. A. Nekrasov Kostroma State University") is a higher educational institution located in Kostroma.
The main part of the educational buildings of the university is located in the central part of the city, on the embankment of the Volga River.

In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated March 10, 2016 No. 196, the university, together with KSTU, has now been reorganized into Kostroma State University.

Story

Workers' and Peasants' University

The actual date of foundation of the university can be called 1918, when the "Kostroma State Workers' and Peasants' University in memory of the October Revolution of 1917" was opened. The legal document that legalized the activities of the educational institution was the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of January 21, 1919, signed by V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin:

In commemoration October revolution 1917, which liberated the working masses from political, economic and spiritual oppression by the propertied classes and opened wide paths for them to sources of knowledge and culture, establish state universities in the cities of Kostroma, Smolensk, Astrakhan and Tambov and transform the former Demidov Law Lyceum into state universities in Yaroslavl and the Pedagogical Institute in Samara. The opening date of universities is considered the day of the first anniversary of the October Revolution - November 7, 1918.

Classes at the educational institution began on November 17, 1918 with a lecture by the Privatdozent, later a world-famous anthropologist E. M. Chepurkovsky "Types of the prehistoric and modern population of Great Russia". The first rector of the university was N. G. Gorodensky, a teacher of classical philology, but after working for a little over a year, he resigned for health reasons. Professor F. A. Menkov, head of the Department of Political Economy and Statistics, was elected the next rector of the university. The university managed to gather an excellent staff of teachers. 10 professors worked at the natural faculty alone. Such well-known scientists as F. A. Petrovsky (classical philosophy), B. A. Romanov and A. F. Izyumov (history), A. I. Nekrasov (history and theory of arts), V. F. Shishmarev (history of Western European literature and Romance philology), S. K. Shambinago (literary criticism), A. L. Sacchetti and Yu. P. Novitsky (law). Here, the famous Pushkinist S. M. Bondi and the future academician, historian N. M. Druzhinin took their first steps in teaching. Students of the Kostroma University could hear the brilliant speeches of the People's Commissar of Education A. V. Lunacharsky, lectures by Fyodor Sologub on new literature and the new theater.

The university initially had natural, humanitarian and forest faculties, and later - pedagogical and medical. As a result of the country's policy of equal access to education, semi-literate workers and peasants entered the university, who could enroll without exams. The low educational level of students necessitated the opening of an educational association, which included a higher folk school and a provincial society of folk universities. Since 1919, the function of preparing students for study at the academic department was taken over by the working faculty that appeared at the university. In 1921, 3,333 students studied at all faculties.

Due to the severe consequences of the civil war and the transition to a new economic policy, which led to a reduction in funding educational institutions, the People's Commissariat of Education in the city decided to close or reorganize a number of young universities. On the basis of Kostroma University, two universities were created - a pedagogical institute (Institute of Public Education) and an agricultural one. In subsequent years, several educational institutions were created on the basis of the university, which were repeatedly transformed and changed the direction of their activities.

Pedagogical Institute

Pedagogical University

Large-scale socio-economic transformations in the country in the 1990s. contributed to the development of the university: it was able to preserve most of the heritage and pedagogical traditions that have been accumulated over the past decades. The number of students at the Institute has doubled in 5 years. They received Teacher Education at 13 faculties in 19 specialties. There have been significant changes in the teaching staff: the number of teachers has exceeded four hundred, including about 170 doctors and candidates of sciences, professors and associate professors. The graduate school almost five times increased its staff (from 17 to 71 people), which worked in 14 specialties. In the period from 1991 to 1994, 4 doctors and 35 candidates of sciences were trained at KSPI. During these years, KSPI established business and scientific-methodical relations with educational institutions of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), Durham County (Great Britain), Halbeck province (Denmark), universities of France, Poland and other countries. The result of this work was summed up by the certification of the university, which was followed in July 1994 by the order of the Minister of Education of the Russian Federation to rename the Kostroma State Pedagogical University them. N. A. Nekrasova (KSPU).

The rise in the prestige of higher education, which began in the mid-1990s, stimulated further development Pedagogical University: branches of the KSPU were opened in the city of Sharya, Kostroma region and in the city of Kirovsk, Murmansk region, scientific directions and educational specialties inherent in classical universities were developed. The logical result of the development was the order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, issued on January 5, 1999, which secured the status of a classical university and the name "N. A. Nekrasov Kostroma State University" for the university.

Administration

• Naumov Alexander Rudolfovich, rector
• Ershov Vladimir Nikolaevich, First Vice-Rector
• Timonina Lyubov Ilyinichna, Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs
• Gruzdev Vladislav Vladimirovich, Vice-Rector for scientific work
• Podobin Aleksey Evgenyevich, Vice-Rector for External Relations and Development of the Socio-Cultural Environment

Educational activities

Institutes and faculties

• Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology
• Institute of Economics
• Institute of Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences
• Institute of History and Philology
• Institute of Culture and Arts
• Faculty of Law named after Yu.P. Novitsky

Research activities

Scientific schools and directions

The team of university scientists carries out fundamental, exploratory, applied, innovative and scientific and methodological research across the entire spectrum of sciences. Develop scientific schools and directions in modern university education, economic theory, Russian history, archeology, intercultural communication, jurisprudence, social psychology, literary criticism, phraseology and dialectology, social education, social work, chemical-thermal hardening of materials, ecology, etc.

Editorial and publishing activities

The main directions of editorial and publishing activities: publication of monographs, collections scientific papers, textbooks, manuals and other types of scientific and educational literature.
University publishes scientific journals"Bulletin of N. A. Nekrasov KSU" (ISSN 1998-0817) and "Economics of Education" (ISSN 2072-9634), included in the List of periodic scientific and scientific and technical publications) published in Russian Federation in which the publication of the main results of dissertations for the degree of doctor and candidate of sciences is recommended. These journals, as well as the series “Bulletin of N. A. Nekrasov KSU: Pedagogy. Psychology. Social work. Juvenology. Sociokinetics” (ISSN 2073-1426) are included in the Russian Science Citation Index.

Postgraduate and doctoral studies

At the university, as at the base university, there are 2 dissertation councils for defending dissertations for the degree of doctor of science and candidate of science in pedagogical and psychological sciences.

Scientific Library

The scientific library of the university was established in November 1918. Recognizing great importance for the University Scientific Library, VI Provincial Congress of Soviets on September 20, 1918. spoke in favor of organizing a department of sociology and political economy in its composition and allocated 100 thousand rubles for these purposes. Books were purchased from individuals and accepted free of charge from organizations. The purchase of various publications in the capitals was organized. By 1921, the university had created a library that was solid on a provincial scale, which included about 30 thousand copies of scientific, educational and fiction.

In 1949, when the teacher's institute was transformed into a pedagogical one, the book fund of the library amounted to 45 thousand book units, there were less than six hundred readers, and 4 librarians worked. In 1953, a reading room for 20 seats was organized in the library, the library area was 200 square meters. meters. Books from the store and the library collector were carried on horseback, the librarians themselves chopped wood and stoked the stoves in the library.

In 1976, the library was transferred to the premises of the sports hall (in the past, the assembly hall of the Grigorov Women's Gymnasium), where at present there is a reading room for 200 seats under the scheme of open access to sources of active demand. Since 1981 scientific Library University occupies a room with an area of ​​​​more than 2 thousand square meters. meters in the educational building "B". In 2007, a reading room was opened at the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology. Here, as well as in the first reading room, a computer zone and open access are equipped.

The library fund as of January 1, 2011 is 609540 copies, including scientific literature - 217322 copies; entered the library in 2010 - 14504 copies, including scientific literature - 8437 copies; the electronic catalog as of 01.01.2011 is 137949 entries; card file of scientific works of teachers - 24294 records; electronic card index of articles - 44173 entries; local lore card index of articles - 8340 entries.

Most of the fund is made up of textbooks and teaching aids on all educational programs implemented at the university. Sufficient amount of scientific literature is presented. As part of the library fund, both new and old, rare books on history, art, literature, pedagogy, psychology, published in the 18th - early 20th centuries, as well as unique examples of modern printing art.

A special place in the library's collection is occupied by books from the libraries of Kostroma educational institutions, transferred many years ago to the young university. For 90 years of the life of the university, the fund of its library was replenished with the gifts of bibliophiles P. T. Vinogradov, N. F. Zhokhov, S. I. Biryukov, I. A. Serov, V. S. Rozov, S. N. Samoilov and others. Informatization of educational and scientific processes set new priorities in the activities of the library. An electronic catalog for the library fund is being created. The introduction of the retro-fund of the library of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology into the electronic catalog and barcoding of documents for organizing automated book lending has begun. Users of the electronic reading room (opened in 2006) can get acquainted not only with electronic publications, but also with the latest innovations in business and educational literature presented by leading publishers.

Since 2003 the scientific library of KSU has been a member of the Association of Regional Library Consortiums. Services for parallel literature search are available to users in a single access point through the electronic catalogs of Russian libraries and the consortium's consolidated catalogs, access to the lists of newspaper and magazine articles of the Russian Book Chamber is organized, electronic database dissertations of the Russian State Library, a number of databases of scientific publishers. The creation of the site "Royal Family of the Romanovs and the Kostroma Territory" became possible thanks to the maintenance of the corresponding card index and the collection of books collected in the fund of rare books.

September 1, 2011 in the main reading room of the library opened " Book archive of the publishing complex "Terra". The TERRA publishing house donated its archive to the university - more than 12,000 volumes of unique scientific and fiction literature, author's manuscripts and illustrative materials.

For many years, the library has been a methodological center coordinating the activities of libraries of professional educational institutions of the Kostroma region. Seminars for librarians are held on its basis, interuniversity sections function in the main areas of librarian work.

Famous people

Rectors

1. Talov Leonid Nikolaevich (1949-1954)
2. Zemlyansky Fedor Markovich (1954-1961)
3. Sinyazhnikov Mikhail Ivanovich (1961-1986)
4. Panin Valentin Semyonovich (1986-1989)
5. Rassadin Nikolai Mikhailovich (1989-2014)

Graduates

• Batin, Mikhail Alexandrovich - entrepreneur, chairman public organization"For increasing life expectancy."
• Vikenty (Novozhilov) - Bishop of the Russian Orthodox Old Believer Church, Bishop of Kostroma and Yaroslavl.
• Golubev, Alexander Vyacheslavovich - speed skater, Honored Master of Sports (), champion of the XVII Winter Olympic Games () in the 500 m run.
• Lebedev, Yuri Vladimirovich - Russian writer, literary critic, author of textbooks for secondary and high school; doctor of philological sciences, professor.
• Popkov, Vladimir Mikhailovich - Soviet, Ukrainian and Russian film director, screenwriter, actor.
• Rassadin, Nikolai Mikhailovich - Rector of the Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov; candidate of pedagogical sciences, professor.
• Samoilov, Sergey Nikolaevich - Russian statesman, former adviser to the President of the Russian Federation (2001-2008)
• Sitnikov, Sergey Konstantinovich - Russian state and political figure, Governor of the Kostroma Region (since 2012)
• Skatov, Nikolai Nikolaevich - Russian philologist, literary critic; Doctor of Philology, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• Syrov, Valery Mikhailovich - Russian and Ukrainian artist, member of the Union of Artists of the USSR and the National Union of Artists of Ukraine.
• Tzann-kai-si, Fedor Vasilyevich - Head of the Department of Vladimir State University for the Humanities. P. I. Lebedev-Polyansky; Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor.
• Yakovenko, Alexander Nikolaevich - Ukrainian politician, leader of the Communist Party of Workers and Peasants of Ukraine.

teachers

• Lutoshkin, Anatoly Nikolaevich (1935-1979) - Russian psychologist, specialist in the field of social and educational psychology, author of How to Lead.
• Umansky, Lev Ilyich (1921-1983) - Russian psychologist, specialist in the field of social and educational psychology, dr psycho. Sciences (1969), professor (1969).
• Chepurkovsky, Efim Mikhailovich (1871-1950) - Russian anthropologist, ethnographer, bibliographer.
• Shishmarev, Vladimir Fedorovich (1875-1957) - Russian philologist, professor, full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1946), one of the most significant Russian novelists of the first half of the 20th century.

Honorary Doctors and Professors

1. Peter Metten - State Chancellery of North Rhine-Westphalia - Düsseldorf, Germany - Year awarded: 2004
2. Reinhold Glzss - "Vatter-consulting" Ltd. - Essen, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2004
3. Rolf Kolsmann - University of Applied Sciences - Essen, Germany - Year awarded: 2004
4. Gert Strasser - Evangelical University of Applied Sciences - Darmstadt, Germany - Year awarded: 2006
5. Alexa Köhler-Offirski - Evangelical University of Applied Sciences - Darmstadt, Germany - Year awarded: 2006
6. Harry Walter - Ernst Moritz Arndt University - Greifswald, Germany - Year awarded: 2008
7. Winfried Seelisch - Evangelical University of Applied Sciences - Darmstadt, Germany - Year awarded: 2010
8. Hans-Werner Gessmann - Center for Advanced Studies, Diagnostics and Psychotherapy - Duisburg, Germany - Year awarded: 2011

In turn, the title of honorary member of the University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt for active long-term cooperation was awarded to:

1. Rassadin Nikolai Mikhailovich - rector of KSU named after ON THE. Nekrasov - Year of awarding the title: 2009
2. Vaulina Lidia Nikolaevna - Vice-Rector for international work KSU them. ON THE. Nekrasov - Year of awarding the title: 2009

• In the park near the building. A monument to A. A. Zinoviev was erected (2009, sculptor A. N. Kovalchuk)
• Two buildings of the university on the street. May 1 (former Upper Embankment) are located in the buildings of the Kostroma Theological Seminary and the Grigorov Women's Gymnasium.

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Links

Literature

• - ISBN 978-5-7591-0938-9
• Kostroma State University: pages of history and modernity / 2nd ed., corrected. and additional Composers: D. A. Volkov, V. L. Milovidov, A. N. Ryabinin. - Kostroma: KSU im. N. A. Nekrasova, 2002.- 488 p.
• Science at KSU / A. R. Naumov, V. V. Chekmarev; Ministry of Education and Science Ros. Federation, Kostroma. state un-t im. N. A. Nekrasova. - Kostroma: KGU, 2004. - 262 p. : ill., tab. ; 21 cm. - On the region. ed. not specified. - ISBN 5-7591-0605-8
• Professors of the Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov / Ministry of Education and Science Ros. Federation, State. educate. institution of higher prof. education "Kostroma. state un-t im. N. A. Nekrasov”; [editor: V. V. Chekmarev (editor-in-chief) and others]. - Kostroma: [Kostroma. state un-t im. N. A. Nekrasova], 2004. - 151 p., L. portrait ; 21 cm. - Bibliography. at the end of Art. - ISBN 5-7591-0606-6
• . - Kostroma: KSU im. N. A. Nekrasova, 2011. - 112 p. - ISBN 978-5-7591-1179-5

Notes

Higher education Higher Qualifications Other forms Governing bodies Main divisions Officials teachers

An excerpt characterizing the Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov

What was going on in this childish, receptive soul, which so greedily caught and assimilated all the most diverse impressions of life? How did it fit into her? But she was very happy. Already approaching the house, she suddenly sang the motive of the song: “Like powder from the evening,” a motive that she caught all the way and finally caught.
- Got it? Nikolai said.
“What are you thinking now, Nikolenka?” Natasha asked. They liked to ask each other that.
- I? - said Nikolai remembering; - you see, at first I thought that Rugay, the red dog, looked like an uncle and that if he were a man, he would still keep the uncle with him, if not for the jump, then for the frets, he would keep everything. How good he is, uncle! Is not it? - Well, what about you?
- I? Hold on, hold on. Yes, at first I thought that here we are going and we think that we are going home, and God knows where we are going in this darkness and suddenly we will arrive and see that we are not in Otradnoye, but in a magical kingdom. And then I thought… No, nothing more.
“I know, I was thinking about him right,” Nikolai said smiling, as Natasha recognized by the sound of his voice.
“No,” answered Natasha, although at the same time she really thought both about Prince Andrei and about how he would like his uncle. “And I also repeat everything, I repeat all the way: how Anisyushka performed well, well ...” said Natasha. And Nikolai heard her sonorous, causeless, happy laughter.
“You know,” she said suddenly, “I know that I will never be as happy and calm as I am now.
“That’s nonsense, nonsense, lies,” said Nikolai and thought: “What a charm this Natasha of mine is! I don't have another friend like him and never will. Why should she get married, everyone would go with her!
“What a charm this Nikolai is!” thought Natasha. - BUT! there’s still a fire in the living room,” she said, pointing to the windows of the house, which shone beautifully in the wet, velvet darkness of the night.

Count Ilya Andreich resigned from the leaders because this post was too expensive. But things didn't get better for him. Often Natasha and Nikolai saw the secret, restless negotiations of their parents and heard rumors about the sale of a rich, ancestral Rostov house and a suburban one. Without leadership, it was not necessary to have such a large reception, and the life of congratulations was conducted more quietly than in previous years; but the huge house and outbuilding were still full of people, more people were still sitting at the table. All of these were people who had settled down in the house, almost members of the family, or those who, it seemed, had to live in the count's house. Such were Dimmler - a musician with his wife, Yogel - a dance teacher with his family, the old lady Belova, who lived in the house, and many others: Petya's teachers, the former governess of young ladies and just people who were better or more profitable to live with the count than at home. There was no such big visit as before, but the course of life was the same, without which the count and countess could not imagine life. There was the same, still increased by Nikolai, hunting, the same 50 horses and 15 coachmen at the stable, the same expensive gifts on name days, and solemn dinners for the whole county; the same count whists and bostons, behind which he, dissolving cards for everyone to see, allowed himself to be beaten every day by hundreds of neighbors who looked at the right to play the game of Count Ilya Andreich as the most profitable lease.
The count, as if in huge snares, went about his business, trying not to believe that he was entangled, and with each step he became more and more entangled and feeling himself unable to either break the nets that entangled him, or carefully, patiently begin to unravel them. The Countess, with a loving heart, felt that her children were ruined, that the count was not to blame, that he could not be different from what he was, that he himself was suffering (although he hides it) from the consciousness of his own and children's ruin, and was looking for means to help the cause. From her feminine point of view, there was only one way - the marriage of Nicholas to a rich bride. She felt that this was the last hope, and that if Nikolai refused the party that she had found for him, she would have to say goodbye forever to the opportunity to improve things. This party was Julie Karagina, the daughter of a beautiful, virtuous mother and father, known from childhood to Rostov, and now a rich bride on the occasion of the death of the last of her brothers.
The Countess wrote directly to Karagina in Moscow, offering her the marriage of her daughter to her son, and received a favorable response from her. Karagina replied that she, for her part, agreed that everything would depend on the inclination of her daughter. Karagina invited Nikolai to come to Moscow.
Several times, with tears in her eyes, the Countess told her son that now that both her daughters were added, her only desire was to see him married. She said that she would lie down in the coffin calm, if that were the case. Then she said that she had a beautiful girl in mind and elicited his opinion about marriage.
In other conversations, she praised Julie and advised Nikolai to go to Moscow for the holidays to have fun. Nikolai guessed what his mother's conversations were leading to, and in one of these conversations he called her to complete frankness. She told him that all the hope of getting things right was now based on his marriage to Karagina.
- Well, if I loved a girl without a fortune, would you really demand, maman, that I sacrifice feeling and honor for a fortune? he asked his mother, not understanding the cruelty of his question and wishing only to show his nobility.
“No, you didn’t understand me,” said the mother, not knowing how to justify herself. “You didn’t understand me, Nikolinka. I wish you happiness,” she added, and felt that she was telling a lie, that she was confused. She started crying.
“Mamma, don’t cry, but just tell me that you want it, and you know that I will give my whole life, I will give everything so that you are calm,” said Nikolai. I will sacrifice everything for you, even my feelings.
But the countess did not want to put the question that way: she did not want a sacrifice from her son, she herself would like to sacrifice to him.
“No, you didn’t understand me, let’s not talk,” she said, wiping her tears.
“Yes, maybe I love the poor girl,” Nikolai said to himself, well, should I sacrifice feeling and honor for the state? I wonder how my mother could tell me this. Because Sonya is poor, I can’t love her, he thought, I can’t respond to her faithful, devoted love. And I'll probably be happier with her than with some sort of Julie doll. I can always sacrifice my feelings for the good of my relatives, he said to himself, but I cannot command my feelings. If I love Sonya, then my feeling is stronger and higher than anything for me.
Nikolai did not go to Moscow, the countess did not resume the conversation with him about marriage, and with sadness, and sometimes with anger, she saw signs of an ever greater rapprochement between her son and the dowryless Sonya. She reproached herself for that, but she could not help but grumble, find fault with Sonya, often stopping her for no reason, calling her "you" and "my dear." Most of all, the kind countess was angry with Sonya because this poor, black-eyed niece was so meek, so kind, so devotedly grateful to her benefactors, and so faithfully, unfailingly, selflessly in love with Nicholas that it was impossible to reproach her for anything. .
Nikolai spent his vacation with his relatives. The 4th letter was received from the groom, Prince Andrei, from Rome, in which he wrote that he would have been on his way to Russia long ago if his wound had not suddenly opened in a warm climate, which makes him postpone his departure until the beginning of next year . Natasha was just as in love with her fiancé, just as reassured by this love, and just as receptive to all the joys of life; but at the end of the fourth month of separation from him, moments of sadness began to come over her, against which she could not fight. She felt sorry for herself, it was a pity that she had been lost for nothing, for no one, all this time, during which she felt herself so capable of loving and being loved.
It was sad in the Rostovs' house.

Christmas time came, and apart from the ceremonial mass, except for the solemn and boring congratulations from neighbors and courtyards, except for all the new dresses put on, there was nothing special commemorating Christmas time, but in a windless 20 degree frost, in a bright blinding sun during the day and in starry winter light at night, the need for some kind of commemoration of this time was felt.
On the third day of the holiday, after dinner, all the households went to their rooms. It was the most boring time of the day. Nikolai, who went to the neighbors in the morning, fell asleep in the sofa room. The old count was resting in his study. In the living room for round table Sonya sat, sketching a pattern. The Countess laid out the cards. Nastasya Ivanovna, with a sad face, was sitting at the window with two old women. Natasha entered the room, went up to Sonya, looked at what she was doing, then went up to her mother and silently stopped.
- Why are you walking around like a homeless person? her mother told her. - What do you want?
“I need him ... now, this minute I need him,” said Natasha, her eyes shining and not smiling. The Countess lifted her head and looked at her daughter intently.
- Don't look at me. Mom, don't look, I'll cry now.
“Sit down, sit with me,” said the countess.
Mom, I need it. Why am I disappearing like this, mother? ... - Her voice broke off, tears splashed from her eyes, and in order to hide them, she quickly turned around and left the room. She went out into the sofa room, stood for a moment, thought, and went into the girls' room. There, the old maid grumbled at a young girl, out of breath, who had come running from the cold from the servants.
“That will play,” said the old woman. - There is all the time.
“Let her go, Kondratyevna,” said Natasha. - Go, Mavrusha, go.
And releasing Mavrusha, Natasha went through the hall into the hall. The old man and two young footmen were playing cards. They interrupted the game and stood up at the entrance of the young lady. "What should I do with them?" thought Natasha. - Yes, Nikita, please go ... where can I send him? - Yes, go to the servants and bring a rooster please; yes, and you, Misha, bring oats.
- Would you like some oats? Misha said cheerfully and willingly.
“Go, go quickly,” said the old man.
- Fedor, and you get me some chalk.
Passing by the buffet, she ordered the samovar to be served, although it was not at all the time.
Fok the barman was the most angry person in the whole house. Natasha loved to try her power over him. He did not believe her and went to ask if it was true?
- Oh, this young lady! said Foka, feigning a frown at Natasha.
No one in the house sent out so many people and gave them so much work as Natasha. She could not see people with indifference, so as not to send them somewhere. It was as if she was trying to see if she would get angry, if one of them would pout at her, but people did not like to fulfill anyone's orders as much as Natasha's. “What should I do? Where should I go? Natasha thought as she slowly walked down the corridor.
- Nastasya Ivanovna, what will be born from me? she asked the jester, who, in his kutsaveyka, was walking towards her.
- From you fleas, dragonflies, blacksmiths, - answered the jester.
“My God, my God, it’s all the same. Ah, where should I go? What should I do with myself? - And she quickly, clattering her feet, ran up the stairs to Vogel, who lived with his wife on the top floor. Vogel had two governesses, and there were plates of raisins, walnuts, and almonds on the table. The governesses talked about where it was cheaper to live, in Moscow or Odessa. Natasha sat down, listened to their conversation with a serious, thoughtful face, and stood up. “The island of Madagascar,” she said. “Ma da gas car,” she repeated each syllable distinctly, and without answering m me Schoss’s questions about what she was saying, she left the room. Petya, her brother, was also upstairs: he and his uncle arranged fireworks, which he intended to set off at night. - Petya! Petka! she shouted to him, “take me downstairs. c - Petya ran up to her and turned his back. She jumped on top of him, wrapping her arms around his neck, and he jumped up and ran with her. “No, no, it’s the island of Madagascar,” she said, and, jumping off it, went down.
As if she had bypassed her kingdom, tested her power and made sure that everyone was submissive, but still boring, Natasha went into the hall, took a guitar, sat in a dark corner behind a cabinet and began to pluck the strings in the bass, making a phrase that she remembered from one opera heard in St. Petersburg together with Prince Andrei. For outside listeners, something on her guitar came out that had no meaning, but in her imagination, because of these sounds, a whole series of memories was resurrected. She sat at the cupboard, fixing her eyes on the streak of light falling from the pantry door, listening to herself and remembering. She was in a state of remembrance.
Sonya went to the buffet with a glass across the hall. Natasha looked at her, at the gap in the pantry door, and it seemed to her that she was remembering that light was falling through the gap from the pantry door and that Sonya had passed with a glass. "Yes, and it was exactly the same," thought Natasha. Sonya, what is it? Natasha shouted, fingering the thick string.
- Oh, you're here! – shuddering, said Sonya, came up and listened. - I do not know. Storm? she said timidly, afraid of making a mistake.
“Well, she shuddered in exactly the same way, came up in the same way and smiled timidly when it was already,” Natasha thought, “and in exactly the same way ... I thought that something was missing in her.”
- No, this is the choir from the Water Carrier, do you hear! - And Natasha finished singing the motive of the choir in order to make Sonya understand it.
– Where did you go? Natasha asked.
- Change the water in the glass. I'm painting the pattern now.
“You are always busy, but I don’t know how,” said Natasha. - Where is Nikolai?
Sleeping, it seems.
“Sonya, you go wake him up,” said Natasha. - Say that I call him to sing. - She sat, thought about what it meant, that it all happened, and, without resolving this issue and not at all regretting it, she was again transported in her imagination to the time when she was with him, and he, with loving eyes looked at her.
“Oh, I wish he would come soon. I'm so afraid it won't! And most importantly: I'm getting old, that's what! There will be no more what is now in me. Or maybe he will come today, he will come now. Maybe he came and sits there in the living room. Maybe he arrived yesterday and I forgot. She got up, put down her guitar and went into the living room. All the household, teachers, governesses and guests were already sitting at the tea table. People stood around the table - but Prince Andrei was not there, and there was still the old life.
“Ah, here she is,” said Ilya Andreevich, seeing Natasha come in. - Well, sit down with me. But Natasha stopped beside her mother, looking around, as if she was looking for something.
- Mother! she said. “Give it to me, give it to me, mother, hurry, hurry,” and again she could hardly restrain her sobs.
She sat down at the table and listened to the conversations of the elders and Nikolai, who also came to the table. “My God, my God, the same faces, the same conversations, the same dad holds a cup and blows the same way!” thought Natasha, feeling with horror the disgust that rose in her against all the household because they were still the same.
After tea, Nikolai, Sonya and Natasha went to the sofa room, to their favorite corner, in which their most intimate conversations always began.

“It happens to you,” Natasha said to her brother when they sat down in the sofa room, “it happens to you that it seems to you that nothing will happen - nothing; that all that was good was? And not just boring, but sad?
- And how! - he said. - It happened to me that everything was fine, everyone was cheerful, but it would occur to me that all this was already tired and that everyone needed to die. Once I didn’t go to the regiment for a walk, and there was music playing ... and I suddenly became bored ...
“Ah, I know that. I know, I know, - Natasha picked up. “I was still little, so it happened to me. Remember, since they punished me for plums and you all danced, and I sat in the classroom and sobbed, I will never forget: I was sad and felt sorry for everyone, and for myself, and I felt sorry for everyone. And, most importantly, I was not to blame, - said Natasha, - do you remember?
“I remember,” Nikolai said. - I remember that I came to you later and I wanted to console you and, you know, I was ashamed. We were awfully funny. I had a bobblehead toy then and I wanted to give it to you. Do you remember?
“Do you remember,” Natasha said with a thoughtful smile, how long, long ago, we were still very young, our uncle called us into the office, back in the old house, and it was dark - we came and suddenly it was standing there ...
“Arap,” Nikolai finished with a joyful smile, “how can you not remember? Even now I don’t know that it was a black man, or we saw it in a dream, or we were told.
- He was gray, remember, and white teeth - he stands and looks at us ...
Do you remember Sonya? Nicholas asked...
“Yes, yes, I also remember something,” Sonya answered timidly ...
“I asked my father and mother about this arap,” said Natasha. “They say there was no arap. But you do remember!
- How, as now I remember his teeth.
How strange, it was like a dream. I like it.
- Do you remember how we rolled eggs in the hall and suddenly two old women began to spin on the carpet. Was it or not? Do you remember how good it was?
- Yes. Do you remember how daddy in a blue coat on the porch fired a gun. - They sorted through, smiling with pleasure, memories, not sad senile, but poetic youthful memories, those impressions from the most distant past, where the dream merges with reality, and laughed quietly, rejoicing at something.
Sonya, as always, lagged behind them, although their memories were common.
Sonya did not remember much of what they remembered, and what she remembered did not arouse in her that poetic feeling that they experienced. She only enjoyed their joy, trying to imitate it.
She took part only when they recalled Sonya's first visit. Sonya told how she was afraid of Nikolai, because he had cords on his jacket, and her nanny told her that they would sew her into cords too.
“But I remember: they told me that you were born under cabbage,” said Natasha, “and I remember that then I did not dare not to believe, but I knew that this was not true, and I was so embarrassed.
During this conversation, the maid's head poked out of the back door of the divan. - Young lady, they brought a rooster, - the girl said in a whisper.
“Don’t, Polya, tell them to take it,” said Natasha.
In the middle of conversations going on in the sofa room, Dimmler entered the room and approached the harp in the corner. He took off the cloth, and the harp made a false sound.
“Eduard Karlych, please play my favorite Monsieur Filda’s Nocturiene,” said the voice of the old countess from the drawing room.
Dimmler took a chord and, turning to Natasha, Nikolai and Sonya, said: - Young people, how quietly they sit!
“Yes, we are philosophizing,” said Natasha, looking around for a minute, and continued the conversation. The conversation was now about dreams.
Dimmler began to play. Natasha inaudibly, on tiptoe, went up to the table, took the candle, carried it out, and, returning, quietly sat down in her place. It was dark in the room, especially on the sofa on which they sat, but the silver light of a full moon fell on the floor through the large windows.
“You know, I think,” Natasha said in a whisper, moving closer to Nikolai and Sonya, when Dimmler had already finished and was still sitting, weakly plucking the strings, apparently in indecision to leave or start something new, “that when you remember like that, you remember, you remember everything , until you remember that you remember what was even before I was in the world ...
“This is metampsikova,” said Sonya, who always studied well and remembered everything. “The Egyptians believed that our souls were in animals and would go back to animals.
“No, you know, I don’t believe that we were animals,” Natasha said in the same whisper, although the music ended, “but I know for sure that we were angels there somewhere and here, and from this we remember everything.” …
- May I join you? - Dimmler said quietly approached and sat down to them.
- If we were angels, why did we get lower? Nikolai said. - No, it can't be!
“Not lower, who told you that it was lower? ... Why do I know what I was before,” Natasha objected with conviction. - After all, the soul is immortal ... therefore, if I live forever, so I lived before, lived for eternity.
“Yes, but it’s hard for us to imagine eternity,” said Dimmler, who approached the young people with a meek, contemptuous smile, but now spoke as quietly and seriously as they did.
Why is it so hard to imagine eternity? Natasha said. “It will be today, it will be tomorrow, it will always be, and yesterday was and the third day was ...
- Natasha! now it's your turn. Sing me something, - the voice of the countess was heard. - Why are you sitting down, like conspirators.
- Mother! I don’t feel like it,” Natasha said, but at the same time she got up.
All of them, even the middle-aged Dimmler, did not want to interrupt the conversation and leave the corner of the sofa, but Natasha got up, and Nikolai sat down at the clavichord. As always, standing in the middle of the hall and choosing the most advantageous place for resonance, Natasha began to sing her mother's favorite play.
She said that she did not feel like singing, but she had not sung for a long time before, and for a long time after, as she sang that evening. Count Ilya Andreevich, from the study where he was talking to Mitinka, heard her singing, and like a pupil in a hurry to go to play, finishing the lesson, he got confused in words, giving orders to the manager and finally fell silent, and Mitinka, also listening, silently with a smile, stood in front of count. Nikolai did not take his eyes off his sister, and took a breath with her. Sonya, listening, thought about what an enormous difference there was between her and her friend, and how impossible it was for her to be in any way as charming as her cousin. The old countess sat with a happily sad smile and tears in her eyes, occasionally shaking her head. She thought about Natasha, and about her youth, and about how something unnatural and terrible is in this upcoming marriage of Natasha to Prince Andrei.
Dimmler, sitting down next to the countess and closing his eyes, listened.
“No, countess,” he said at last, “this is a European talent, she has nothing to learn, this gentleness, tenderness, strength ...
– Ah! how I fear for her, how I fear,” said the countess, not remembering to whom she was speaking. Her maternal instinct told her that there was too much in Natasha, and that she would not be happy from this. Natasha had not yet finished singing, when an enthusiastic fourteen-year-old Petya ran into the room with the news that mummers had come.
Natasha suddenly stopped.
- Fool! she shouted at her brother, ran up to a chair, fell on it and sobbed so that she could not stop for a long time afterwards.
“Nothing, mother, really nothing, so: Petya scared me,” she said, trying to smile, but tears kept flowing and sobs squeezed her throat.
Dressed-up servants, bears, Turks, innkeepers, ladies, terrible and funny, bringing with them cold and fun, at first timidly huddled in the hallway; then, hiding one behind the other, they were forced into the hall; and at first shyly, but then more and more cheerfully and amicably, songs, dances, choral and Christmas games began. The countess, recognizing the faces and laughing at the dressed up, went into the living room. Count Ilya Andreich sat in the hall with a beaming smile, approving the players. The youth has disappeared.
Half an hour later, in the hall, among the other mummers, another old lady in tanks appeared - it was Nikolai. The Turkish woman was Petya. Payas - it was Dimmler, the hussar - Natasha and the Circassian - Sonya, with a painted cork mustache and eyebrows.
After condescending surprise, misrecognition and praise from those who were not dressed up, the young people found that the costumes were so good that they had to be shown to someone else.
Nikolai, who wanted to take everyone on an excellent road in his troika, suggested that, taking with him ten dressed-up people from the yard, go to his uncle.
- No, why are you upsetting him, the old man! - said the countess, - and there is nowhere to turn around with him. To go, so to the Melyukovs.
Melyukova was a widow with children of various ages, also with governesses and tutors, who lived four miles from the Rostovs.
“Here, ma chere, clever,” said the old count, who had begun to stir. “Now let me dress up and go with you.” I'll stir up Pasheta.
But the countess did not agree to let the count go: his leg hurt all these days. It was decided that Ilya Andreevich was not allowed to go, and that if Luiza Ivanovna (m me Schoss) went, the young ladies could go to Melyukova's. Sonya, always timid and shy, began to beg Louisa Ivanovna more insistently than anyone else not to refuse them.

For more than sixty years, the leading university of the region, KSU, has been supplying highly qualified personnel. Kostroma is the only city in Russia that trains specialists for the jewelry industry. The university is focused on the newest educational technologies, has a significant scientific potential, has a good material base. Graduates of KSU (Kostroma) are in high demand in the country.

A word about the university

Today we can say with confidence that KSU Kostroma knows and loves well, because this university has been decorating the city since 1949, and the university and the region experience all the joys and anxieties together. It is from here that the bulk of applicants come to the walls of the university, it is the enterprises of the region that leave a large and the best part graduates.

In Kostroma, KSU is a highly respected university that can set the direction for the entire future path of the young generation. This is the path to success, because education here is of exceptional quality and is really in demand. Here there is an opportunity for each student to develop all their brightest Creative skills in order to climb the career ladder as successfully as possible in the future. That is why almost always and for all specialties there is a rather high competition for admission to Kostroma State University.

Reasoned Choice

Today's applicants have a lot of options for choosing a higher education institution. However, Kostroma State University is one of the safest. And this can be confirmed by thousands and thousands of graduates who have become successful professionals, entrepreneurs, civil servants, scientists, engineers, and teachers.

KSU named after Nekrasov (Kostroma) - and multidisciplinary. It has a long history and a powerful scientific potential, thanks to which there are huge opportunities for self-realization. This university is not only innovative, but also creative, with talented teachers who give all their knowledge to students, with a ready platform for the most dizzying experiments.

Story

The actual date of foundation of the university is 1918, when the new state university was called the Workers' and Peasants' Palace and was opened in memory of the October socialist revolution. Kostroma University was legalized in January 1919 by a decree of the Council of People's Commissars, which was personally signed by V. I. Lenin. He began classes in November 1918 at this educational institution, a world-famous scientist - E. M. Chepurkovsky.

And the rest of the teaching staff in Kostroma was truly stellar. Professor F. A. Menkov read political economy, F. A. Petrovsky, B. A. Romanov, A. F. Izyumov, A. I. Nekrasov, V. F. Shishmarev and many other remarkable scientists read humanitarian subjects. It was here that one of the most famous Pushkinists S. M. Bondi and academician N. M. Druzhinin began their teaching activities. And that is not all! Students of KSU in Kostroma listened to brilliant lectures by Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky, People's Commissar of Education, and Fyodor Kuzmich Sologub, a wonderful poet, an expert on new literature and the new theater.

Start

From the very beginning, there were only three faculties at the university - forestry, humanitarian and natural, a little later medical and pedagogical were opened. It was very difficult to teach students in those days, since everyone had the same access to education, and workers and peasants school programs did not pass. However, the enthusiasm was great. An educational association was opened with a higher folk school, where applicants received fairly deep training.

In 1919, the working faculty was opened, and he took over the preparation of students for academic education. By 1921, more than three thousand workers and peasants were studying at the Kostroma State University. Then, many new universities in the country went through a process of reorganization, including KSU. On its basis, two universities were created - agricultural and pedagogical. And it was not the last transformation.

Institute

Since 1939, this university existed and developed as a pedagogical institute, in 1946 it received the name of N. A. Nekrasov, since the anniversary of the Russian poet was widely celebrated in the country. In 1950, 1800 students studied at the correspondence and full-time departments, there were fifteen departments, where almost ninety teachers worked. Since 1960, the university has developed especially successfully. An art school was merged into KSPI in the form of an art and graphic faculty, then a department of foreign languages ​​was opened, which by 1968 became a separate faculty.

By that time, Kostroma had increased the number of KGU corps. Back in 1964, building "A" appeared - a large educational building, which is located on 1 May Street. Construction was also carried out huge, in which almost the entire Kostroma participated. The KSU dormitory (850 places!) on Shchemilovka, the sports complex on Pyatnitskaya, new educational buildings - all this was built before the beginning of the 80s. Since the needs of the national economy changed over time, new specialties were needed. KSU in Kostroma has always responded to such demand. New faculties were formed: musical and pedagogical, labor and general technical disciplines, physical culture, methodology and pedagogy primary education.

University

The economic and social transformations in the nineties of the twentieth century were very large-scale. They also contributed to the development of KSU in Kostroma. Specialties increased to nineteen, faculties became thirteen. Most of the pedagogical traditions and heritage accumulated over many decades have been preserved. There were already twice as many students studying here, and the pedagogical education of KSU was famous not only in its own region. The teaching staff has changed significantly in quantitative and qualitative terms: among the four hundred teachers there are more than one hundred and seventy candidates and doctors of sciences, associate professors and professors.

Back in the eighties, seventeen people were preparing for graduate school. In the nineties there were more than seventy. And the graduate school was already working in fourteen specialties. Until 1994, four doctoral and thirty-five master's theses were defended. The certification of the university passed, and the institute became a pedagogical university - KSPU named after Nekrasov. Scientific and business relations were established with universities in Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, France, Poland and some other countries. And in 1999, the logical result of all this development was the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on the status of a classical university with the name "KSU named after Nekrasov" (Kostroma).

Directions

Today, a team of scientists from KSU conducts innovative, exploratory, fundamental, applied, scientific and methodological research in all sciences present at the university. The development of scientific schools and university directions in education, Russian history, economic theory, intercultural communication, archeology, jurisprudence, literary criticism, social psychology, dialectology and phraseology, social work and social education, ecology, chemistry and many others is becoming more and more noticeable.

Publication activity is increasing, many scientific developments are being carried out, and therefore every year the rating of KSU among the rest is getting higher Russian universities. Monographs, collections of scientific papers, textbooks and teaching aids, and many other types of methodological literature are well developed and published.

Publishing

The University has its own publications - "Bulletin of KSU" and "Economics of Education", which are included in the List of periodic scientific and technical publications of the Russian Federation, where the results of dissertations are published. Applicants for the degree of candidate and doctor of science do not have to look for journals for publication for a long time. The entire series of the KSU Bulletin (which is psychology, pedagogy, juvenology, social work, sociokinetics) is included in the scientific citation index of the Russian Federation.

Now the graduate school prepares candidates of sciences in twelve branches of science and in thirty-nine specialties; by 2011, nine specialties in doctoral studies have already been opened. The magistracy of KSU (Kostroma) starts accepting documents on the twentieth of June and continues it until mid-August. Entrance examinations are conducted according to a convenient schedule, which can be found on the website of the university.

Submission of documents to the magistracy

The admission committee of KSU (Kostroma) is located at the address: Dzerzhinsky Street, 17, room 115. Together with the application, the applicant must present documents that will confirm his identity and citizenship. In addition, the application must be accompanied by:

Original and photocopy of higher education document;

Photocopies of documents, if the surname, name or patronymic have changed;

Documents on the individual achievements of the applicant;

When choosing areas of defectology, psychology and pedagogy, the original and a copy of a medical certificate of a special form are required;

If you plan to move into a hostel, you must provide the results of a fluorographic study.

In 2017, students of KSU on budgetary basis 664 people (undergraduate and specialty), 290 people will study at the correspondence department, 209 people will study at the magistracy. Applicants quite often use the opportunity to apply simultaneously for three areas of training and participate in three competitions, thus increasing the chances of successful admission to this university.

Training courses

For applicants at KSU there are training courses with an intensive program that help not only pass the exam well, but also internal entrance tests. Preparation is carried out in the following subjects: chemistry, physics, Russian language, drawing, painting, social studies, mathematics, literature, history, computer science and ICT, foreign languages, biology.

For each discipline, it is supposed to issue at least one hundred academic hours. Classes begin now, in November, and last until the end of April. This is one day a week from 16.00 to 19.00, that is, four lessons of 45 minutes each. Applications are accepted directly at KSU (Kostroma). Address: Dzerzhinsky street, house 17, room 114. The cost of one item is 6 thousand rubles. Started work at the end of October free courses in informatics and ICT.

Olympics

Today, every applicant knows that it is impossible to enter a good university (and KSU is a very good one) without having certain personal achievements, which can only be given by a special Olympiad for high school students. The Kostroma State University hosts just such an event, and it is called "Support of the Kostroma Territory".

The tasks this year were in thirteen areas, and all of them were prepared by the best teachers of the university. These are the humanities, mathematics, chemistry and physics. Coping with such tasks, high school students can demonstrate not only good theoretical knowledge, but also show creative abilities. As a result, every single participant receives three extra points to the exam. Prize-winners - five points each, and the winners of each direction - ten points at once to the results of the exam.

Unique laboratory

Recently, a laboratory was opened at KSU, where jewelers are trained. About seventeen million rubles were spent on state-of-the-art equipment by the federal budget. For example, there is a 3D printer that can be used to create a three-dimensional model of any product, and there is no such equipment even at Kostroma enterprises (and Kostroma has been famous for its jewelers since ancient times). It should be noted here that this specialty is in high demand.

The Kostroma region processes today up to fifty percent of all Russian gold and up to seventy percent of all Russian silver. It is rightfully considered the jewelry capital of the country: one and a half thousand jewelry enterprises and organizations operate in the region. Every tenth product is exported. Consumers are not only the CIS countries, but also Belgium. Switzerland, UAE, India, Hong Kong and many other countries. Up to eighty percent of export jewelry is made here, and therefore the demand for such specialists is huge.

Scientific library and more

For many decades, the scientific library of KSU has been the main methodological center that coordinates the activities of all libraries located in professional educational institutions of the region. Seminars for librarians are held here, sections are constantly functioning that strengthen ties between the universities of the city and relate to library work.

In the park near the main building of KSU in 2009 a monument to the great son was erected Kostroma land- to the writer, publicist, philosopher, sociologist Alexander Alexandrovich Zinoviev, although he graduated not from KSU, but from MIFLI (MSU). Nevertheless, he was very closely connected with the university of his native land. Posthumously awarded the title honorary citizen Kostroma region. Even after his cremation, he bequeathed to dispel the ashes "over his native Chukhloma". And in KSU there are a lot of followers of the famous logician and sociologist.

ksu.edu.ru

Photo

About the university

"Kostroma State Workers' and Peasants' University in memory of the October Revolution of 1917" - under this name on the initiative local authorities the first university of our city appeared. The Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of January 21, 1919 legalized the establishment of a state university and decided to consider November 7, 1918 as the opening date. important events the difficult history of university education in Kostroma began.

The building of the Assembly of the Nobility on the former Pavlovskaya Street (now Mira Avenue) temporarily became the main building of the university. Classes began on November 17, 1918 with a lecture by E. M. Chepurkovsky, Privatdozent, later a world-famous anthropologist, "Types of the prehistoric and modern population of Great Russia", read in the White Hall.

Professor N. G. Gorodensky, who taught classical philosophy and already had experience in organizing a university in Tiflis, where he was the first rector, became the first rector of the university created in Kostroma, and Professor M. I. Kovalevsky, elected vice-rector, was educated abroad, mainly in the famous Göttingen university. At the end of 1919, when N. G. Gorodensky resigned as rector for health reasons, Professor F. A. Menkov, head of the department of political economy and statistics, became the head of the university.

Despite the socio-economic difficulties, the new university absorbed best traditions Russian higher education. Kostromichi specially went to get acquainted with the organization of education at Moscow State University, some of whose professors and pupils became teachers of the new university, and the dean of the faculty of the humanities, Professor V.F. Shishmarev, who had previously taught in St. Petersburg, could not help but bring the traditions of Petrograd university education.

The university managed to gather an excellent staff of teachers. There were 10 professors working at the natural faculty alone. Such well-known scientists as F. A. Petrovsky (classical philosophy), B. A. Romanov and A. F. Izyumov (history), A. I. Nekrasov (history and theory of arts), V. F. Shishmarev (history of Western European literature and Romance philology), S. K. Shambinago (literary criticism), A. L. Sacchetti and Yu. P. Novitsky (law). Here the famous Pushkinist S. M. Bondi (who made his first scientific discoveries as a student) and the future academician historian N. M. Druzhinin took their first steps in teaching. Students of the Kostroma University could hear the brilliant speeches of the then People's Commissar of Education A. V. Lunacharsky, lectures by the remarkable writer Silver Age F. Sologub about new literature and new theater.

Along with the main - natural and faculties of the humanities- The VI Provincial Congress of Soviets, taking into account the social needs of the region, proposed to open special faculties, primarily forestry and pedagogy. A year later, a medical department was opened. The university quickly turned into a major educational center.

Since workers and peasants could enter the university without exams, 2,494 students were enrolled in the humanities, natural sciences and forestry faculties. However, semi-literate students had a vague idea of ​​​​academic education. When they heard lectures on psychology, the history of philosophy and other disciplines, their interest in studying at the university could not help but decrease: the students clearly lacked basic training. In this regard, an educational association was opened at the university, which included a higher public school and a provincial society of public universities. Since 1919, the function of preparing students for study at the academic department was taken over by the working faculty that appeared at the university.

Effects civil war, the introduction of a new economic policy, the reduction in funding for education led to the fact that already in 1921 the young university was closed. However, the educational and scientific potential of the university was in demand. The natural faculty was transformed into the Practical Agricultural Institute, and the pedagogical faculty was merged with the Institute of Public Education, as a result of which an independent pedagogical institute was created, which lasted about two years.

The problem of lack of funds led to further reorganization: in 1923, the Institute merged with the Pedagogical College, which existed on the basis of a teacher's seminary, closed in 1918. technological university), after the closure of the university, increased tenfold - more than 600 people.

In November 1924, the Kostroma Pedagogical and Vasilyevsky Agricultural Technical Schools merged, as a result of which the M. Gorky Agricultural Pedagogical College was formed, which trained teachers and agronomists at two departments. In 1927, the third department was opened - political and educational, which produced propaganda workers for the village.

In connection with the preparations for the transition to compulsory primary education, in 1928 the technical school again became a pedagogical school and included two departments - school (daytime) and preschool (evening). Pedagogical courses are also regularly organized at the technical school in order to relieve tension in the provision of teaching staff.

In 1937, the pedagogical college was transformed into pedagogical school. Thanks to the activities of its director T. E. Naumova, head teacher E. A. Voskresenskaya, Russian language methodologist V. I. Zhdanova, talented painter B. N. Tsarnakh, historian L. A. Pombrak and other teachers, it became possible to preserve in those years traditions of pedagogical education in Kostroma.

In connection with the course taken by the country for compulsory seven-year education, the scope of the school for the pedagogical educational institution in Kostroma turned out to be narrow. In 1939, by the decision of the People's Commissariat of Education, the school was transformed into a teacher's institute, which in different time until 1949 it was headed by P. L. Chernova, G. I. Barashkova, M. P. Kroshkina, Ya. D. Gilenko, N. A. Vilinskaya, P. Ya. Aleshkin, A. D. Volkov. Difficult 1940s became a period of relative stability in the development of the university. Initially, two departments were opened at the institute: Russian Language and Literature and Physics and Mathematics. From 1940 to 1946 there was a historical department, united during the war with the verbal, and then again divided into two independent educational units. At the end of the war, a natural-geographic department also arose.

After the Great Patriotic War, the teaching staff of the university began to change qualitatively. A. V. Mirtov became the first doctor of philological sciences and professor at the institute. Philologists M. N. Borzhek, N. A. Vilinskaya, N. A. Shchavelkina, historians K. A. Buldakov and I. E. Pakhomov, and psychologist F. T. Kuimov conducted classes at a high scientific and methodological level. The energetic work of the director of the institute A. D. Volkov, whose life was suddenly cut short in March 1949, and therefore he did not live to realize his dream - raising the status of the university , transforming it into a pedagogical institute.

In 1946, the university was named after the Russian poet Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, whose 125th birthday was then widely celebrated in the country. In the short period of its existence (the last issue was made in 1952), the teacher's institute trained about 1,200 teachers.

Since 1949, for more than 45 years, the university will become the Kostroma State Pedagogical Institute named after N. A. Nekrasov, although until 1953 the teacher and pedagogical institutes functioned in parallel and graduates of the teacher's university often continued their studies in the third year of the pedagogical one. L. N. Talov (from 1949 to 1954), a MIFLI graduate, historian, became the director of the institute during the transitional time for the university. As of January 1, 1950, the total number of full-time and part-time students was over 1,800. By 1952, 84 teachers worked at 15 departments of the institute, among whom were two doctors and 33 candidates of science.

Well-known scientists worked at the Faculty of History and Philology in those years: Doctor of Philology D. E. Tamarchenko, M. N. Belov - in subsequent years, the author of many studies on the history of the working class of pre-revolutionary Russia and the history of the Kostroma Territory, who in 1955 replaced K A. Buldakov as head of the Department of History of Russia. In 1953, the first graduation of the Faculty of History and Philology took place. Among the graduates of this year, N. N. Skatov is later a world-famous scientist, who for many years headed the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House).

Many talented students were brought up by teachers of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics Ya. D. Gilenko, B. F. Rubilov, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences D. A. Raikov, who had previously worked at the Mathematical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Students of the natural faculty studied the nature of their native land together with their teachers: M. I. Toropova, P. I. Belozerov, N. I. Chudinovskikh, A. V. Aleksandrova, V. N. Kolpakov and other talented specialists. A very bright personality, a comprehensively erudite person and a creative researcher was Professor A. L. Zelikman. Until now, students study the zoology of invertebrates according to his practical work, published in 1965.

Thanks to highly qualified teachers, the institute is strengthening scientific activity. In 1951, the first collection of scientific papers of teachers and students of the institute, “Scientific Notes of the KSPI”, was published (the publication of each article at that time required permission from the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR). During 1950–1951 school year a scientific student society is being formed, uniting students in 15 scientific circles. By 1953, the NSO had 78 members. Top students received a direction in the metropolitan graduate school.

Since 1954, the institute has been headed by F. M. Zemlyansky, an initiative rector, under whom a basic school appeared at the university - secondary school No. 29 of the city of Kostroma. School teachers are appointed by order of the rector of the institute, its students have priority when entering KSPI, students here test pedagogical innovations in practice.

In the 1950s the material and technical equipment of departments and classrooms is being improved, new educational laboratories are being opened. In the same year, a new hostel for 275 people was built on Tekstilshchikov Avenue for teachers and students of KSPI.

1960s–1980s - a period of increasing qualitative changes in the pedagogical institute, due to the introduction of universal secondary education in the country. M. I. Sinyazhnikov became the rector of the institute during this period, since 1961 he headed the KSPI for 25 years. The new rector organizes a close-knit team of competent specialists. Among them stood out such scientists and talented organizers as I. P. Shulman and A. K. Shustov, who were deputies of the rector for educational and scientific work, deans of the faculties of the university. For almost 30 years, N. I. Korochkin headed the correspondence department. All of them, having passed the roads of the Great Patriotic War with honor, managed to do a lot to strengthen the prestige of KSPI, worthily continued the best traditions in the development of national education.

In 1964, the educational building on May 1 Street (now building "A" of the university) was transferred to the university. Construction is underway with the subsequent commissioning of a hostel on Shchemilovka street for 850 people (1968), a sports building on Pyatnitskaya street (1973), and an educational building "B" (1982).

In connection with the transition to a five-year term of study, the educational and methodical work faculties and departments.
During this period, the Faculty of History and Philology worked effectively, which in September 1966 would be divided into the Faculty of History and Education and the Faculty of Russian Language and Literature. Among the first graduates of the Eastfil with a five-year term of study are now well-known scientists not only in Kostroma, but throughout Russia - literary critics N. N. Skatov, Yu. V. Lebedev, V. V. Tikhomirov, dialectologist N. S. Gantsovskaya. Future teachers, KSPI graduates L. D. Volkova, B. M. Kozlov, T. I. Pakhomova, G. I. Mashirova, were inspired to research work the most interesting lectures of philologists M. F. Pyanykh, M. L. Nolman, V. Ya. Bakhmutsky, O. A. Minukhina. In the mid 1960s. A. M. Melerovich, who became the founder of the Kostroma scientific phraseological school, comes to the department of the Russian language.

V. V. Andrushkevich, E. P. Osipovich, V. A. Krotova, students of the 1960s who later came to its departments as teachers highly appreciate the work of the then dean F. I. Sorokin. It is to him that the merit belongs in strengthening the status of the faculty, where in the mid-1960s. studied more than 350 students. In 1969, the Ural-2 electronic computer was installed, which laid the foundation for the creation of a computer center at the university.

The faculty of natural sciences also strengthened its scientific positions: in those years, 16 candidates of sciences already worked at its departments. A great contribution to the development of the research activities of the Faculty of Science was made by the inventor and innovator, Doctor of Biological Sciences B. M. Nidershtrat.

With the order of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR dated May 21, 1960 on the transfer to the budget of the Pedagogical Institute of the Kostroma Art School, founded in 1905 by a graduate of the Academy of Arts N.P. Arts of the RSFSR A. I. Buzin. E. I. Mayansky, who developed curricula for the training of teachers of labor (the faculty trained teachers of drawing, drafting and labor), also stood at the origins of the art graph.

The faculty inherited the material and technical base of the school: a two-story stone building on Kooperatsia Street (house 8), a valuable library and a rich educational and methodological fund. Among the teachers of drawing, painting, composition are graduates of the capital's art institutes: honored artists V. A. Kutilin and M. S. Kolesov, People's Artist of the RSFSR A. P. Belykh.

On September 1, 1966, the Department of Foreign Languages ​​was opened at KSPI, which two years later was transformed into an independent faculty. E. B. Shutova, in those years the head of the Department of Foreign Languages, in a short time managed to select qualified teachers, the first among whom were I. A. Kabischer (Tikhonova), L. F. Skryabina, T. I. Ilyina, N. G. Oleinik.

In 1962, on the basis of the Faculty of History and Philology, one of the first and few departments in the country for the training of history teachers and pioneer leaders was opened. higher education. In 1966, the department was reorganized into an independent faculty for the training of teachers of history, social science and methodologists of pioneer work - historical and pedagogical. Since 1968, the only one in the country has been operating at its base extramural. Significant contribution to the development new specialty it was introduced by the first deans S. M. Mitsengendler, K. A. Voronina, A. N. Lutoshkin, the first head of the department of theory and methodology of pioneer work, the famous historian of the children's movement V. G. Yakovlev. Istped (informally - pioneer faculty) for many years becomes a kind of trademark of KSPI. He trained a significant number of talented teachers, organizers of the children's and youth movement, employees of management structures different levels. Among its graduates there are many doctors and candidates of pedagogical, psychological and historical sciences.

In the 1980s, mobile responding to the needs of the national economy, KSPI opened new specialties and formed new faculties: general technical disciplines and labor (1983), musical and pedagogical (1984), pedagogy and methods of primary education (1985), physical culture ( 1989). In 1989, 9 faculties functioned as part of the institute, where 2,490 students studied. 286 teachers worked at 32 departments, including 11 professors, doctors of sciences and 119 candidates of sciences.

In the autumn of 1989, the institute held elections for the first time for the head of the university on an alternative basis (V.S. Panin, who had worked as rector since 1986, resigned due to illness). N. M. Rassadin is elected Rector of KSPI. The assumption of the office of the new rector coincided with the era of perestroika hopes, but it was followed by an acute socio-economic crisis in the country. In difficult crisis conditions, with constant underfunding, the rector and his management team (first of all, vice-rectors S.N. Nikolaev, I.G. Asadulina, V.V. Chekmarev) managed not only to save the university, but also to ensure its accelerated development.

By 1994, KSPI became a recognized center of the regional system of continuous pedagogical education, having a significant impact on the organization of career guidance in the region, on the basic training of teachers in almost all specialties. secondary school, providing a large region of Russia with qualified personnel. The number of students at the Institute has doubled in 5 years. They received pedagogical education at 13 faculties in 19 specialties. There have been significant changes in the teaching staff. Their number exceeded four hundred, including about 170 doctors and candidates of sciences, professors and associate professors. The graduate school almost five times increased its staff (from 17 to 71 people), which worked in 14 specialties. In the period from 1991 to 1994, 4 doctors and 35 candidates of sciences were trained at KSPI. Two specialized councils for the defense of candidate dissertations began their activities. On the basis of the institute during this period, more than twenty scientific and practical conferences and seminars, including 13 international and national ones. In addition to cooperation with colleagues of Russian pedagogical institutes, KSPI established business and scientific and methodological relations with educational institutions of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), Darlington county (England), Halbeck province (Denmark), universities of France, Poland and other countries during these years .

The result of this work was summed up by the certification of the university, which was followed by the order of the Minister of Education of Russia on renaming from July 1994 to the Kostroma State Pedagogical University. N. A. Nekrasova.
The subsequent five-year period of activity of the university showed that the status of the Pedagogical University was intermediate for reaching a new level. Implementing the main ideas of the “Concept of the University of Education and Russian Culture”, developed and adopted by the Academic Council in the early 1990s, the university increased its potential in training students in specialties that go beyond the pedagogical nomenclature. By 1999, the scientific and pedagogical staff of the university reached the number of 520 people, having strengthened and qualitatively: 55 doctors of sciences, professors and about 250 candidates of sciences, associate professors conducted training sessions with students. Leading scientific schools have taken shape. Scientific directions in physical materials science, phytocenology and population biology, economic theory, national history, dialectology, phraseology, psychology, social education, social work, cultural studies. Scientific meetings of the All-Russian and international level, cooperative ties were formed with educational and scientific organizations in Russia and abroad. The university opens branches in the city of Sharya, Kostroma region and in the city of Kirovsk, Murmansk region.

The logical outcome of these processes was the order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, issued on January 5, 1999, which secured the status of a classical university and the name “N. A. Nekrasov Kostroma State University” for the university.

Kostroma State University named after N.A. Nekrasov.

Teaching is one of the noblest professions. After all, training and education of the future shift is the key to the prosperity and development of any society. The future of many Russians, and the whole of Russia as a whole, will depend on what kind of teacher he will be, what example he will set for his students, what and how he will teach.

The leadership of our country, realizing this, is taking the necessary measures to increase the salaries of teachers, improve their working conditions, and improve the material and technical base of school education. Therefore, the profession of a teacher will always be in demand, and teachers will receive a decent salary. Kostroma State University named after N.A. Kostroma will help to get this much-needed profession. Nekrasov.

KSU them. Nekrasov

Nekrasov University of Kostroma has been leading its history since 1918 and will soon celebrate its centennial anniversary. Over the years, the university has gone through several reorganizations, but it managed to maintain the main thing - the continuity and traditions of quality education. The university acquired the status of a classical university and the opportunity to train specialists of a wide profile in 1999, having successfully passed the certification.

All these achievements cannot be imagined without teachers, associate professors, professors and doctors of sciences, who devoted many years to the university and the training of future teachers within its walls. Tens of thousands of graduates are successfully working not only in the Kostroma region, but throughout Russia, continuing the glorious traditions instilled in them at the KSU. Nekrasov.

Today the university is one of the largest in the region. And the building of the university is located in a picturesque place on the banks of the Volga. This is a modern computerized complex equipped with the latest software and teaching aids for the training of modern specialists. The social and living conditions of the university are also at the very high level. And non-resident students are provided with a hostel, which has all the necessary conditions for living and studying.

Education at Nekrasov KSU

Kostroma University named after Nekrasov includes 10 faculties that train specialists in the pedagogical and humanitarian areas, including:

natural sciences;
foreign languages;
historical;
musical and pedagogical;
technologies and services;
physical and mathematical;
physical culture;
philological;
artistic and graphic;
legal.

For future teachers there is the widest choice of specialties. For children who like biology or geography, the Faculty of Natural Sciences will always open its doors. And then its graduates will be able to teach their favorite subjects at school and teach future generations to love the nature around us.

Guys who are interested foreign languages, the opportunity is given to become teachers of English, German or French at school. Lovers of history and local history have the opportunity to receive an appropriate education and teach them at school.

A special place in the institute is occupied by the Faculty of Technology and Service. In addition to the highly demanded specialty of a teacher of labor, graduates of this faculty will also acquire a lot of skills in working with metal, wood, and other materials, which will greatly help them not only in professional activity but also in everyday life.

In addition to pedagogical specialties, the university trains future lawyers. Despite numerous attacks against educational institutions of this profile and their graduates, the legal profession has been and will be in demand. And graduates of the Faculty of Law, with a certain amount of knowledge and skills, will be able to find a job in their specialty without any problems.

More detailed information about the university, the rules and procedures for admission to all specialties will be provided by the official website of the KSU. Nekrasov, available around the clock on the Internet.

KSU them. Nekrasov is a leading scientific and methodological center in the main areas of educational activity.