Primary vocational education is equivalent to secondary special education. What kind of education is received in college and technical school. Types of educational institutions

Education system- aggregate educational programs and state educational standards of various levels and directions, networks that implement them educational institutions, educational authorities and institutions and organizations subordinate to them (Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" dated July 10, 1992, No. 3266-1).

The system of primary vocational education- multilevel, polyfunctional, open, dynamic system training, education and development of future specialists of working qualifications, functioning on the basis of the interaction of three structural components: managerial (organization, stimulation, control of educational activities), content (value, goal, motivation, process, result of educational activities) and technological (means, forms, methods of educational activity).

Primary professional education - aims to train skilled workers (workers, employees) in all main areas of socially useful activity on the basis of the main general education.

For certain professions, primary vocational education may be based on secondary (complete) general education.

Initial vocational education can be obtained in educational institutions of primary vocational education. The following types of educational institutions are currently functioning in the NGO system: a vocational school, a vocational lyceum, a training center (point) and other educational institutions of this level.

the main task NGO institutions is to create the necessary conditions to meet the needs of the individual in obtaining primary vocational education, achieving a specific profession (specialty), the appropriate level of qualification with the possibility of increasing the general educational level of qualification with the possibility of increasing the general educational level of students, as well as the accelerated acquisition of labor skills to perform certain work or work groups.

Control system pedagogical process in NGO institutions it is built on the following principles: democratization, humanization and humanization of education, differentiation and individualization, continuity of education with an optimal combination of theory and practice, collective studies with self-education, stimulation of needs and motives for improving professional training.

Prospects for the development of primary vocational education are possible in two directions. The first is the creation (on the basis of existing professional lyceums and schools) of continuing professional education centers with a different set of professional educational programs implemented in accordance with the license they have received. At the same time, a wider implementation of pre-vocational training programs and the beginning of the implementation of secondary vocational education programs are envisaged. The second is the further inclusion of the named educational institutions(courses) for adults in educational complexes of various types.

Professional institute(construction, sewing, electrical, rural, etc.) implements educational programs of primary vocational education that ensure the acquisition of a specific profession of the appropriate skill level by students with or without secondary (complete) general education. A vocational school is the main type of primary vocational education institution, which provides the most massive training of qualified workers and employees.

Professional Lyceum- the center of continuing professional education (technical, construction, commercial, agricultural, etc.) implements integrated educational programs for primary and secondary levels of vocational education, providing young man the acquisition of a specific profession of an advanced level of qualification and the possibility of obtaining a secondary vocational education.

Training and course combine(point), a training and production center, a technical school, an evening (shift) institution of primary vocational education implement educational programs for retraining, advanced training of workers and specialists, as well as training workers and specialists of the appropriate skill level in an accelerated form of education.

The director of the school or lyceum is in charge of all educational work. In his submission are deputy directors, senior foremen, teachers and masters of industrial training.

Many applicants are interested in the difference between education that can be acquired at a college and education at a college or technical school. You will learn about all the subtleties from this material.

Very often on the Internet you can find questions from puzzled users:

Technical school, college or college - which is more valued?
Graduated from technical school. What kind of education is this?
Technical school - what kind of education?
After graduating from college, what kind of education?
What is post-secondary education called?
What level of specialist will I become after graduating from college?

The name of the institution, as a rule, does not affect the quality of education. Technical schools, colleges, schools belong to the same branch of the educational structure, and all have the status of colleges.

The structure of vocational education (excluding higher education)

To understand what kind of education they get in college, and what kind of education after a technical school and find answers to questions like “School is what kind of education?” or “What kind of education does a technical school give?”, it is necessary to understand the structural model of this segment of vocational training.

SPO, or secondary vocational education. In the process of training, mid-level specialists are trained who have in-depth knowledge in a particular professional field.
NGOs. The abbreviation stands for: primary vocational education. You can enter the training on the basis of 9 or 11 classes. Specialists graduate with an initial level of qualification.

Having mastered the programs of the first type, college graduates receive the qualification "specialist", the second - "entry-level specialist". Technical schools and colleges provide primary and secondary vocational education, while most schools provide only NGOs.

SPO and NGOs

SVE programs are aimed at training specialists who will have in-depth, high-quality skills and knowledge in their field. As part of the training, the basic knowledge of general subjects from the school curriculum is expanded.

The NGO provides a lower level of training and provides graduates with modest career opportunities, despite the fact that those who have completed the primary education program acquire certain competencies and are considered skilled workers. For example, a holder of a medical specialization program can work as a nurse or paramedic, and the “ceiling” for those who have only an NGO is the work of a nanny.

So college is what kind of education? What about education after college? And what kind of education do they get in college? Find answers below.

More about suzes

College (what education, what are its features, what is the learning process). Institutions of this type are more promising, highly valued by employers and offer a wide range of specialties. The quality of education in them is close to the university level. Often colleges are administrative divisions of universities or institutes, which allows graduates to enter the second or third year of the university to which their college is “attached”.

Education in the college is built according to the type of institute or university. The percentage of college graduates who entered universities is significantly higher than those who graduated from a technical school or college. This is due in no small part to the (sometimes tacit) benefits and priority given to college graduates.

For admission to college, you must provide a certificate of completion of 11 or 9 grades, as well as a diploma in SVE or NGO if you have one. Training lasts an average of three years, but on the basis of 9 classes - at least 4 years, and in some specialties even more.

What kind of education does college provide and what is the name of education after college? Colleges provide high-quality secondary vocational education.

Technical school (level of education, nuances and specifics). The technical school gives an average special education. The technical schools are divided into:

for state - GOU SPO;
non-state (private) - KNOU SPO;
autonomous non-commercial - ANOO SPO.

You can enter a technical school on the basis of completed 9th and 11th grades secondary school on the basis of sufficiently high results of the GIA and the Unified State Examination. Education takes about 3 years, some specialties are mastered in two. Recently, students of technical schools have been granted a deferment from the army. The educational process in technical schools takes place in a format close to school.

Vocational school. Schools usually run NGO programs. They enter the school on the basis of 11 or 9 grades of a comprehensive school. The course of study at the school lasts from 6 to 36 months. The term depends on the specialty that the student receives. As part of the educational reform, vocational schools are massively reorganized into VPU, PL and PU (lyceums and varieties of schools). The renaming of institutions does not have a special effect on the quality of education and the learning process.

What to choose: school, technical school or college?

Depends on your plans for the future. If after receiving education you are going to enter a particular university, a college at this university is most suitable. Education in such a college will provide an opportunity to enter a university on simplified terms, the administrative structure of which includes a college, which is, in business terms, a “subsidiary” of the university. Thus, you will be able, already working in your specialty, to continue receiving a higher level of education.

If you plan to master a qualified working specialty and limit yourself to it, getting a job, for example, as a welder high discharge, a master builder or an auto mechanic, it is best to enter a technical school. Technical schools also teach humanitarian, accounting, auditing and other educational programs aimed at training intellectual labor specialists of medium qualification.

If the plans do not include high career achievements or getting a more substantial education is postponed until later, the best option would be a college and a diploma in NGO.

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This mark is set May 14, 2011.

(NGO)- initial level of vocational education. Mainly represented by GOU NPO (State educational institution of primary vocational education) and NOU NGOs (Non-state educational institution of primary vocational education). AT Soviet time consisted of vocational schools (full name - Secondary City Vocational School - SGPTU). Currently, a significant part of Russian vocational schools have been renamed PTL (Vocational lyceums). Some vocational schools have been renamed colleges. Admission is carried out on the basis of 9 and 11 classes. NGO, like SPO, consists of a federal state educational standard secondary (complete) general (11 classes) and vocational education.

NGO and SVE institutions (Secondary vocational education) united under the general term SSUZ (Secondary specialized educational institution).

RF LAW "ON EDUCATION" dated July 10, 1992 N 3266-1 Article 22. Primary vocational education (as amended by federal law dated 18.07.2005 N 92-FZ) 1. Primary vocational education aims to train skilled workers in all major areas of socially useful activity on the basis of basic general (9 classes) and secondary (complete) general (11 classes) 2. Primary vocational education can be obtained in educational institutions of primary vocational education, as well as in educational institutions of secondary vocational and higher professional education with the appropriate licenses.

NGOs in the USSR

Professional education- a socially and pedagogically organized process of labor socialization of the individual, providing orientation and adaptation in the world of professions, mastering a specific specialty and skill level, continuous growth of competence, skill and ... Pedagogical terminological dictionary

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION- PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION. The process of labor training of an individual, ensuring its orientation in the world of professions and mastery of a specific specialty. The Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, as amended in 1996, fixes the corresponding levels ... ... New dictionary methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of teaching languages)

This article needs to be completely rewritten. There may be explanations on the talk page. Vocational education (also vocational technical education) a system for training qualified workers in a professional ... ... Wikipedia

Professional education- a system of knowledge, practical skills and abilities in a certain area of work. According to the level of qualification of trained specialists, vocational education is usually divided into primary, secondary and higher ... Glossary of terms for general and social pedagogy

- (SPO) average level vocational education. Contents 1 Secondary vocational education in Russia ... Wikipedia

Books

Mathematics Textbook, Stoilova L.. The textbook was created in accordance with the Federal State General Educational Standard in the direction of training " Teacher Education» profile “Primary education” (qualification…
Mechanical equipment for catering establishments. Series: Primary vocational education. 2nd edition, V. D. Elkhina. 336 pages. The device, principles of operation and rules for the operation of mechanical equipment of catering establishments, as well as the most common malfunctions are considered ...

Institution of Primary Vocational Education

(English institution of primary professional education) - in the Russian Federation, state-owned, municipal or non-state, aiming to train skilled workers (workers and employees) in all main areas of socially useful activity in accordance with the list of professions (specialties) approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. The main task of the U.n.p.o. is the creation of the necessary conditions to meet the needs of the individual in obtaining primary vocational education, a specific profession (specialty), an appropriate level of qualification with the possibility of increasing the general educational level of students who do not have a secondary (complete) general education, as well as the accelerated acquisition of labor skills to perform a certain job or work groups.

In accordance with the Model Regulations on the establishment of primary vocational education ** to the U.n.p.o. include: vocational school; professional lyceum - the center of continuing professional education; a training center (point), a training and production center, a technical school (mining and mechanical, nautical, forestry, etc.), evening (shift) and other educational institutions of this level.

The rights of a legal entity at U.n.p.o. arise from the moment of registration. of the founder (founders) determines the organizational and legal form of such an institution. The founders of the state-nogo U.n.p.o. there may be bodies of state power and administration, incl. state educational authorities: federal (central), departmental, republican, regional, autonomous formations, cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. The founders of the municipal U.n.p.o. are the organs local government. A joint foundation is allowed, based on the association of property located in the federal, subjects of the Russian Federation, municipal and private property, as well as the property of public associations (organizations), foreign states, legal entities and individuals.

The constituent documents of the U.N.P.O. are founders and . U.n.p.o. gets on educational activities and the benefits provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation, from the moment the state education authority issues it to him or, on his behalf, the local education authority licenses, which fixes the control standards, the maximum number of students and its duration. U.n.p.o. receives the right to issue to graduates a document on education of the state sample, inclusion in the scheme of centralized state financing, with a seal of the established form after state accreditation, confirmed by a certificate (comes into force as the state attestation service is deployed).

Big Law Dictionary. Akademik.ru. 2010 .

See what "Establishment of Primary Vocational Education" is in other dictionaries:

Institution of Primary Vocational Education- (english institution of primary professional education) in the Russian Federation is a state, municipal or non-state educational institution aimed at training skilled workers (workers and employees) in all major areas ... ... Encyclopedia of Law

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF INITIAL VOCATIONAL EDUCATION- the type of educational institution that implements the educational program of primary vocational education ... Professional education. Dictionary

educational institution- An institution that implements educational process, that is, implementing one or more educational programs and (or) providing the content and education of students, pupils. OU. is a legal entity. Educational… … Technical Translator's Handbook

INSTITUTION, EDUCATIONAL- an institution that carries out the educational process, that is, it implements one or more educational programs and (or) provides the maintenance and education of students and pupils. OU. is a legal entity. Educational… … Big accounting dictionary

Chuvash Republican Institute of Education State educational institution additional education Chuvash Republic. The Institute of Education was formed in 1993 on the basis of the Chuvash Republican Institute ... ... Wikipedia

Central United Archive of Educational Institutions of Moscow- (TsOA USO of Moscow) a state institution subordinate to the Department of Education of the city of Moscow. Archive implements public policy in the field of archiving and office work, protection and use of historical documentary ... ... Wikipedia

Central United Archive of Institutions of the Education System of the City of Moscow- The Central United Archive of the Institutions of the Education System of Moscow (TsOA USO of Moscow) is a state institution subordinate to the Department of Education of the City of Moscow. The archive implements state policy in the field of archiving and ... ... Wikipedia

Special educational institution Encyclopedia of Law

- (eng. special educational institute) in the Russian Federation, a specialized institution of an open and closed type of educational authorities (Article 15 of the Federal Law "On the basics of the system for the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency" **). To S.u. w.u.… … Big Law Dictionary

Special educational and educational institution for children and adults- A SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH DEVIANT BEHAVIOR in the Russian Federation, an institution designed to provide psychological, medical and social rehabilitation, including behavior correction and adaptation in society, as well as ... Encyclopedia of Law

When training young people for working professions, a significant role is assigned to institutions of secondary vocational education. Oddly enough, but modern world there is a lack of training for practitioners. The shortage of workers can be compensated by the initial professional training, the level of which increases over time due to the use of high technologies.

In contact with

Key priorities

Reimburse shortage of workers helps secondary vocational(SPO). Professions of primary vocational education, which were previously considered not prestigious, today have become in demand. This is due to the lack of technical specialists. Institutions of primary vocational education, who train middle-level personnel are becoming popular, their rating is constantly increasing. Young people are trained in 280 specialties, and this list is constantly growing along with the advent of new technologies.

Where can you get a job

Applicants are available educational institutions of primary and advanced levels. What is related to primary vocational education. These are mainly secondary specialized educational institutions (colleges).

Varieties:

technical schools, where students receive basic professional knowledge and skills;
colleges offer elevated level training, often open at universities. Education is conducted using in-depth programs, upon graduation, students can continue their studies to get a higher education;
or vocational schools allow you to get primary vocational education, the educational process here is built according to individual plans.

Upon completion of secondary vocational education, students receive an NGO diploma with the qualification of “entry-level specialist”. Organizations with in-depth teaching assign the qualification of "junior specialist".

Modern standards

What is Primary Education? As already mentioned, NGOs provide lyceums and vocational schools (translation - vocational technical school). They are quite in demand: according to the latest data, up to one and a half million people study in them. Graduates of vocational schools receive not only an NGO diploma, but also additional rights:

Upon graduation, you can optionally

Continue to study at a college or technical school on an abbreviated program, which includes previously studied areas.
Get a secondary education, but first you have to pass a state certification.
Enter university.

Schools provide vocational training, give a minimum of theory and a maximum of practice, teach working professions.

Advanced standards

who decided to become competent mid-level specialist in a certain area or a production worker, must necessarily enter a technical school or college. They provide theoretical knowledge combined with a certain practical training. In Russia there are 2.5 thousand similar establishments, in which they study up to 2.3 million people. The qualification "specialist" students receive by introducing special subjects into the program with in-depth study, the availability of professional practice and the introduction of an additional specialty, which is acquired in parallel with the main one. The level of training is as close as possible to higher education institutions according to criteria such as:

the number of teaching hours;
the presence of a credit and examination system;
practice of writing term papers and dissertations.

Unlike universities, requirements in colleges are more forgiving, therefore, colleges and technical schools are considered the initial stage of obtaining higher education. They prepare students for successful entry in the specialty immediately to the second year of the university. After graduation, students are given the opportunity to continue their studies at the university under an abbreviated program. Graduates enjoy various benefits when entering the university to which their college is attached. Advanced students combine their studies with their chosen work (for example, while studying at a medical school, they work as a nurse in a polyclinic). This is a significant plus.

Admission

Who has the opportunity to enroll in secondary specialized educational institutions and under what conditions? This right is given to:

applicants who have received incomplete or basic secondary education;
persons with primary vocational education. Moreover, this category gets the right to act without entrance exams.

Before admission, you must provide admission committee package of documents:

original certificates of incomplete (complete) secondary education;
photo 3 by 4 cm in the amount of 4 pieces;
photocopy of passport or birth certificate.

Additional conditions for admission:

the applicant may be asked to pass an interview;
when there are more applicants for admission than free places, testing is carried out in basic school subjects;
many institutions hold a competition for the average score of school certificates.

As for the college and technical school, enrollment in them is carried out according to the results of entrance exams, often taking into account the average score of the certificate.

Important! The main condition for the provision of educational services is the availability of a license. Therefore, when entering an educational institution, try to make sure that such a document is available and its validity period has not expired.

What benefits are provided

As in any other educational institutions, when entering a secondary school or a vocational school, there is list of benefits that applicants can use:

children from other cities receive the right to live in a hostel;
out of competition, children of preferential categories are accepted for training: the disabled, orphans, who are under guardianship, and others.

Worth paying attention way of submitting documents. For the convenience of applicants, especially e x who live far enough from the educational institution, today it is possible to submit documents via Internet technologies. To do this, you just need to fill out a questionnaire and submit copies of documents. Originals can be brought after admission.

Learning Features

Secondary vocational education can be obtained through the following forms:

full-time;
correspondence.

NGO Diploma issued after 2-3 years if you entered after finishing nine classes, and after 1-3 years if you first completed basic education (11 classes at school). Terms also depend on the chosen specialty.

Important! For ninth-graders, the term of study at a college and technical school is 3-4 years, and for all the rest - up to three years.

Advantages of the absentee form

The opinion of many applicants who believe that distance learning creates a lot of unnecessary problems. On the contrary, this form of education opens up many possibilities. In addition, it will be possible to study, combining study with work. Many institutions practice online learning. This is quite simple: having received certain tasks and recommendations, you need to complete them and send the answers and completed tasks to the teacher in electronic form. You will need to visit the institution only during the session.

Extramural studies presupposes the acquisition of secondary education. In this case professional practice the student goes through the entire course of study: increases the level of knowledge in the specialty and at the same time gains experience. This is highly valued by employers.

Primary and secondary vocational education

What should modern vocational education look like?

Conclusion

After getting acquainted with the information about what initial professional training is and how NGO differs from other institutions, it will be much easier for applicants to decide on the implementation of their requests and achieve their goals. If planned further education in higher education institutions, College should be prioritized. We advise you to choose educational institutions under the patronage of the relevant universities.

Technical professions can be obtained at a lyceum or vocational school. As for the specialties of the humanitarian orientation (accountant or educator), it is better to choose a college. Which of the educational institutions is more suitable is up to you.