Why is the story called French lessons. What Rasputin wrote about in his autobiographical work and why the story is called “French Lessons. Essays by topic

The works of the author are always a kind of diary, which captures the innermost thoughts, experiences and events that happened to him in life. The story of Valentin Rasputin, which will be discussed, to a greater extent than his other works, is autobiographical. Let's see why. The story is called "French Lessons". It is based on real story- as a teenager, the writer was forced to leave his home to continue his studies at the middle level secondary school: in the native village there was only the initial one. Not surprisingly, the story is told in the first person. Even the name of the teacher - Lydia Mikhailovna - is by no means fictitious.

Post-war childhood

Main character story "French Lessons" just as once Valentin Rasputin ended up in the city, settled with his aunt. It was 1948, the time of famine. Here the boy had a very difficult time, the meager supplies that his mother sent him from the village disappeared in a matter of days: one of the aunt's children got into the habit of carrying food. Often the hero had to be content with one boiling water. It was even harder for him to be separated from his relatives, and there was not a single person around who was ready to say a kind word to the boy. The little boy suffered from anemia, every day he needed at least a cup of milk. His mother sometimes sent him a little money for this very milk, and the boy bought it at the market. One day he decided to invest coins in a game called "chika", practiced for a long time and finally began to win. He needed only a ruble to buy milk, so the boy, having won it, left the game. The boys beat the cautious and lucky player. This circumstance gave impetus to events that changed the thinking of the hero. And the reader begins to understand why the story is called “French Lessons”.

Extraordinary teacher

Lydia Mikhailovna - young beautiful woman originally from the Kuban. To the hero, she seemed to be a celestial. Everything in her delighted and surprised him: the mysterious language she taught, the unearthly smell of her perfume, softness, freedom and confidence. She didn't look like a teacher at all and seemed to wonder herself: why was she here?

human involvement

Lidia Mikhailovna quickly and carefully looked at each student to make sure that everything was in order with the children. No wonder she immediately noticed bruises and abrasions on the boy's face. Upon learning that he was playing for money, she did not drag the boy to the director, as was customary, but decided to talk heart to heart with him. Hearing that the child does not buy sweets, but milk, she thought. The conversation ended with the boy promising not to gamble again. But hunger forced him to hunt again In a similar way. He was beaten up again. The teacher understood that the little boy was surviving as best he could. She really wanted to help him somehow. For classes, Lidia Mikhailovna began to invite the ward to her home, communicated with him in a friendly and sympathetic way, tried to feed him. But the timid and proud boy could not be seated at the dinner table. Then the teacher left a parcel with food in the name of the boy at school, as if from his mother. It contained pasta, sugar and hematogen. The outlandish set betrayed the benefactor with a head: the boy guessed from whom the package was from, and flatly refused to take it. Wanting to make life easier for the child, Lidia Mikhailovna commits a pedagogical "crime": she plays with the student in the "wall" for money, contriving to "cheat" not in her favor. This climax in the story makes Rasputin's story very dramatic and human.

French lessons

In parallel with these, marked by a deep moral content, the relationship between the teacher and the student, the French language is being taught. The boy succeeded in everything except pronunciation. But the daily lessons awakened in him an interest and ability in the language. The purposeful hero overcame difficulties step by step. Gradually, instead of torture, learning the language became a pleasure for him. But, of course, this is not the only answer to the question of why the story is called “French Lessons”.

The science of kindness

Living compassion, mercy without formalism - this is what this amazing teacher enriched the inner world of the hero. Formally, playing with a student for money is an immoral act, but when we understand why a young woman does this, he takes on a completely different spiritual meaning. Recalling the teacher, Rasputin wrote that she had some special independence that protected her from hypocrisy. She did not need to utter educational monologues about nobility, honesty and kindness. It’s just that everything she did naturally and naturally became the best life lessons for her young wards.

There were, of course, other good teachers in the author's life. But the childhood memory of a French teacher, who, together with the wisdom of a foreign dialect, revealed the subtleties of ethics not prescribed in textbooks, forever determined the spiritual makeup of the writer. That is why the story is called "French Lessons".

The players were caught by the director, Lidia Mikhailovna was fired, and she went to her place in the Kuban. And soon the boy received a parcel in which ruddy Antonov apples lay under the pasta.

Soul Education

library lesson based on the story of V. Rasputin "French Lessons"

The purpose of the lesson:

Build the ability to analyze piece of art;

Reveal spiritual values. Moral laws, according to which the heroes of V. Rasputin live;

Contribute to education ethical standards student relationships.

During the classes:

1. Introduction by the librarian

Hello guys! Today we are conducting a lesson "Education of the Soul" based on the story of Valentin Rasputin "French Lessons". As an epigraph, I offer you the words of Rasputin: “To be together and understand each other in our service to the one God - moral and exalted education human soul and".

The work of Valentin Rasputin invariably attracts readers, because next to the ordinary, everyday in the works of the writer there are always spiritual values, moral laws, unique characters, a complex, sometimes contradictory, inner world of heroes.

2. Biography of the writer

Rasputin Valentin Grigorievich was born in the Siberian village of Ust-Uda. His childhood partially coincided with the war: the future writer went to the first grade in 1944. After graduating from the 4th grade, Rasputin wanted to continue his studies. But the school, in which there were 5th and subsequent classes, was located in the regional center, and this is as much as 50 kilometers from my native village, you don’t run into each other every day, you had to move and get used to living without parents, alone. “So, at the age of 11, my independent life began,” wrote Valentin Rasputin. After graduating in 1959 from the Faculty of History and Philology Irkutsk University worked for 7 years as a correspondent for youth newspapers at construction sites in Siberia. In 1966 his first books of essays and stories were published. Since 1970, they have been published one after another:"Deadline", "Live and Remember", "Farewell to Matera", "Fire".

Rasputin is considered a village writer. Back in the late 60s and early 70s, he supported other writers who spoke in a loud voice about the roots of folk life, about the disappearance of the moral foundations of the original village life. In his works one can hear nostalgia for a bygone civilization.

Rasputin pays great attention to the theme of childhood in his works. In novels and short stories, children exist in the context of adult life. The attitude of adults towards them is a measure of humanity or proof of cruel indifference. The writer speaks of the sudden intrusion of tragic events into the world of childhood, of the catastrophic experience of trouble in the lives of loved ones, of devoted trust. He plunges his heroes into emotional condition caused by the unexpected discovery of his loneliness.

Books, the writer believes, do not teach life, but feelings. His young heroes they comprehend the world by feeling, and it is important that they find themselves in a changing world without despair, without losing faith, hope and love.

Rasputin believes and hopes for the rebirth of the human soul, fallen, entangled in contradictions, walking on the wrong road. This is indicated by the open endings of his works.

The writer urges all writers "to be together and understand each other in their service to the one God - the moral and sublime education of human souls

3. Questions for discussion:

. Why did his mother send him to study in the area?

(He could not get a decent education in the village, but a capable boy,"I went to school with pleasure, and in the countryside I was recognized as a literate person.")

. What feelings did the main character experience when he was away from home?

(Feeling of loneliness, homesickness. In the village, resentment, anger: the products that my mother brought in strangely disappeared, and the boy was starving. "I felt so bad, so bitter and disgusted! - worse than any disease.

Why did the main character refuse to return to the village when his mother called him with her, because he felt bad alone?

(Firstly, the main character wanted to study, especially since he was successful in his studies - in all subjects except French, he had fives, and secondly, he was the first who was sent from the village to the district to study, this was responsible, they believed in him, and he could not fail.)

. How did the fight start? How were forces distributed in it?

(The main character played better than the rest of the guys, as a result he won more money. The older boys Vadik and Ptakha could not put up with this. They felt that power was on their side, started a fight.)

. What lesson did the main character learn by playing "chika"?

(“How was I to know that no one has ever been forgiven if he breaks ahead in his work? Do not expect mercy then, do not look for intercession, for others he is an upstart, and the one who follows him hates him most of all. I had to comprehend this science in my own skin that autumn.")

. What feelings did the main character experience during the fight and after it?

(Feeling annoyance and grievances: « Resentment overflowed fear in me, I was no longer afraid of anything in the world. Everything in me somehow hardened and closed in resentment, I didn’t have the strength to get a word out of myself ... There wasn’t and couldn’t be in the whole wide world a person more unfortunate than me.”)

. Why did he again come to play after the experienced feelings?

(“I knew that I was going to humiliation, but it was no less humiliation to accept once and for all that I was beaten and kicked out. I was itching to see how Vadik and Ptakha would react to my appearance and how I could behave. But most of all fueled the hunger.)

. Why did the French teacher invite the boy to study at home?

(She saw that he was capable, but he was very lonely, he had to starve and play "chika" for money in order to buy milk (he was ill with anemia). She decided to help him out. After classes, Lidia Mikhailovna invited the student to have dinner with her, but he refused.)

The teacher sent a parcel with food to her student's school, why? Why didn't the boy take the parcel, although he was hungry, and how did he guess that the parcel was not from his mother?

(Lydia Mikhailovna understood that she would not be able to support him otherwise - he would not take it.“I know you are hungry. And I live alone, I have a lot of money ... Why can't I help you - the only time in my life? - complained Lydia Mikhailovna. Besides her, the boy had no one to help. The parcel contained pasta, sugar and hematogen - these products were not sold in the village, so the hero immediately realized that it was not his mother who sent the parcel. The protagonist didn't take the package because he thought it was humiliating.)

Playing for money is ugly and wrong. But why does the teacher invite her student to play in the "wall"? What was driving her?

(Perhaps she wanted to prove to him that pity does not humiliate a person, she is trying to take part in the fate of this boy, to pay attention to him; during the game she cheated so that the boy could win money and buy food for himself, he would not take money just like that , and this game allows you to do this.)

. Why is the story called “French Lessons”?

(Lydia Mikhailovna acts in the story not so much as a French teacher as as an older friend; she managed to give the most important life lesson to her student - a lesson in mutual understanding, respect for human dignity, help that does not humiliate the one to whom it is addressed.)

4.Conclusion

Mark Twain said, “Being kind is noble, but teaching others to be kind is even more noble.”

So the books of Valentin Rasputin teach simple and important values!

Well, hold on. It may just need to be improved a bit. The story "French Lessons" is an autobiographical work. In the story “French Lessons”, V. Rasputin tells about the courage of a boy who retained the purity of his soul, the inviolability of his moral laws, bearing fearlessly and bravely, like a soldier, his duties and his bruises. The boy attracts with clarity, integrity, fearlessness of the soul, but it is much more difficult for him to live, much more difficult to resist than for the teacher: he is small, he is alone in a strange side, he is constantly hungry, but still he will never bow to either Vadik or Ptah who beat him bloody, nor in front of Lidia Mikhailovna, who wants him well. The boy organically combines the light, cheerful carefreeness inherent in childhood, love of the game, faith in the kindness of people around and childish serious reflections on the troubles brought by the war.

The writer recalls himself, an eleven-year-old boy who survived the war, the post-war hardships of life. Adults are often ashamed in front of children for bad deeds, their own and others' mistakes, difficulties. In this story, the writer tells not only about the lessons of morality, the lessons of humanity, which the young teacher does not give according to the rules, but also about the courage of Lydia Mikhailovna, who was not afraid of the formidable director. After reading the story of Valentin Rasputin, I realized that I had never read anything like it. What an interesting piece!

Before that, there were moralizing stories where everything is clear and understandable: who is good, who is bad. And here everything is mixed. A kind, smart, talented guy, but he plays for money. But he needs it to survive in the hungry post-war years(“...I will only win a ruble...

I buy milk...”). The teacher, educator, educator plays with his students for money. What is it: a crime or an act of kindness and mercy? Definitely don't answer. Life is much more complex tasks than a person can solve.

And there is no only white and black, good and bad. The world is multicolored, it has a lot of shades. Lidia Mikhailovna is an unusually kind and sympathetic person. She tried all the “honest” ways to help her talented student: she wanted to feed, as if by chance, they say she was ripe for dinner, and she sent a parcel, but “our hero” does not want to receive help.

He considers this humiliating for himself, but he does not refuse to earn money. And then the teacher deliberately commits a “crime” from the point of view of pedagogy, plays with him for money. Lidia Mikhailovna knows for sure that he will beat her, get “his treasured ruble, buy milk,” which he needs so much. So it turns out that this is not a “crime” at all, but a good deed. Why didn't the school principal understand anything? Most likely, Lydia Mikhailovna did not explain anything, make excuses, she has pride. Three days later, Lidia Mikhailovna left.

» The day before, she met me after school and walked me home. - I'll go to my place in the Kuban, - she said, saying goodbye, - And you study calmly, no one will touch you for this stupid case ... It's my fault ... In the middle of winter, after the Aryan holidays, I came to school by mail package...

It contained macaroni and three red apples... I had only seen it in the picture before, but I guessed it was them.” A wonderful story, one that will never be forgotten.

And how can you forget that! This story teaches people compassion. And the fact that it is necessary not only to sympathize with a person who is having a hard time, but also to help him to the best of his ability, at the same time not offending his pride, and if each of us helps at least one person, then life will become brighter and cleaner.

"French Lessons" by V. Rasputin is a very good story that tells about the post-war period through the eyes of an eleven-year-old boy studying at school. At first we don't understand what the French lessons have to do with it. We learn only one thing about them - that this is the unloved subject of the protagonist.

But from the second half of the story, we begin to understand that French lessons are not so much even French as lessons of kindness. The teacher of the protagonist, Lidia Mikhailovna, decided to give her student individual sessions

to improve his pronunciation. But it gradually becomes apparent that she did not so much want to teach him French as to help him cope with the hard life in the city. After all, this boy - he lives on his own, far from his native village, his parents. The food supplies that his mother sends him are not enough for the whole week. He is even forced to starve for several days in a row. But it is obvious that this boy is very smart and kind. He is not a bully, unlike Vadim, a high school student, and he does not sneak around. But he is terribly lonely. Therefore, Lidia Mikhailovna “prescribes” individual “French lessons” for him.

The main character doesn't like the lessons very much. He is tormented by the very thought that he needs to go home in a teacher's room. But he soon discovers success in French. Finally, he is given the pronunciation of this complex language. But the lessons don't end there. Now Lydia Mikhailovna decided to teach her ward to play "zameryashki" - a game for money.

In this way, the boy not only began to move away from his teacher, but he got used to her. They already talked on an equal footing, had fun, argued, played. It seems to me that such “lessons” of kindness from Lydia Mikhailovna contributed to the fact that the boy got rid of loneliness and the longing that ate him. He gradually realized that the world could be very kind to him. And he owes this mainly to Lidia Mikhailovna with her "French lessons."

Therefore, it seems to me that the name “French Lessons” is just an encrypted name for the lessons of kindness, sympathy, help, which a kind teacher presented to her understanding student.

Essays on topics:

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The story is so named because it tells how a teacher French Lidia Mikhailovna helps the boy in his studies. The meaning of the story is that the teacher supports the boy in every possible way and takes care of him. She pities the withdrawn hungry teenager and understands his loneliness. She feeds the boy, inviting him to her house for additional classes. She convinces the boy to study because he is capable. Gradually the boy begins to trust the teacher. The author talks about friendship and mutual understanding between the student and the teacher.

The story is named so because it tells how the French teacher Lidia Mikhailovna helps the boy in his studies. The meaning of the story is that the teacher supports the boy in every possible way and takes care of him. She pities the withdrawn hungry teenager and understands his loneliness. She feeds the boy, inviting him to her house for additional classes. She convinces the boy to study because he is capable. Gradually the boy begins to trust the teacher. The author talks about friendship and mutual understanding between a student and a teacher