The theme of the planet of the solar system in kindergarten. Integrated lesson “Solar system. Terrestrial group of planets

F. I. About the teacher : Titova Anna Valerianovna

Association name : "Game ecology"

Educational program : "Game ecology"

Year of study : 2

PLAN - LESSON SUMMARY

The date: 6.10. 2014 Group : 2 class, 1 groupYear of study : 2

Topic of the lesson : "Planets of the solar system"

Goals: Introducing children to the planets of the solar system

Tasks: 1. Give an idea of the planets of the solar system and their location relative to the sun.

2. Contribute to the education of respect for the native planet.

3. Broaden your horizons, develop attention, thinking, memory, the ability to perceive information and draw conclusions.

Materials and tools : a poster depicting our solar system, illustrations depicting the planets of the solar system: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus, Pluto, cards with test tasks, individual cards depicting planets.

Lesson progress

organizational part.

Hello guys! We are starting our lesson, see if everything is ready for you?

Checking the acquired knowledge

Guys, let's remember what we talked about in the last lesson?

Game "Set the match" (connect the right left parts of the names)

1. Name bright star from the constellation Ursa Minor. which points north. (polar)

2. Name the natural satellite of the Earth (Moon)

3. What is the name of a person who studies the stars? (astronomer)

4. Which star is closest to Earth? (Sun)

5. What is the name of the curly combination of stars? (Constellations)

6. Name the device with which to observe the stars (Telescope)

7. What are huge hot gas balls that emit light (Stars)

II . Main part

Message topic, lesson objectives:

So what are we going to talk about today?

Today our lesson will be devoted to the planets of our solar system.

We already got acquainted with this topic in the classroom last year and today we will recall the studied material. And also learn a lot of new and interesting things. And the guys who prepared the messages on my assignment will help me with this.

Guys, who knows what a planet is?

1. Space body

Right. Let's read the definition of a planet on the printed sheets.

2. A planet is a cold cosmic body that does not emit its own light.

Name the planets that you know?

3. Mercury, Venus. Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. Pluto

And now let's check if all the planets have been named. And the poem that Klimova Polina will read to us will help us in this:

The planets around the Sun dance like children:

Mercury starts their round dance.

We meet the Earth next to the Moon

And the fiery Mars that circles the Earth

Behind them is Jupiter, of all the giants.

The last three are barely visible

Gloomy and cold, but we distinguish them

Uranus and Neptune. and baby Pluto.

Have you named all the planets? Which one was forgotten?

We begin our acquaintance with the planet Mercury.

This planet is closest to the Sun. Mercury is similar to our moon. Mercury is hot during the day and cold at night. The surface of the planet is rocky and desert.

Since the planet Mercury is the closest to the Sun, it travels around the sun in just 88 days. This planet got its name in honor of the ancient Roman god of trade - Mercury.

At your desks, everyone has an envelope with cards depicting planets.

Find a card with a picture of the planet Mercury and place it on the desk in front of you.

The next planet, which is in second place after the Sun, is Venus.

Venus is similar in size to Earth. After the Sun and Moon, Venus is the brightest object in the sky. Thick clouds hide this planet, so it is difficult to see it even with a telescope. This planet got its name in honor of the Roman goddess of beauty - Venus.

Find a card with the image of the planet Venus and place it next to Mercury.

Guys, what is the name of our planet?

1. Earth

That's right, and the next planet is Earth.

And Polina Konenkina will tell us about her.

Earth is the only planet known to us that has life. Our planet looks like a blue ball from space because most of it is covered with water. The Earth has a satellite - the Moon.

Find a card with the image of this planet and put it after Mercury.

Mars is the fourth planet farthest from the Sun.

Mars is similar to Earth. Its surface is a brown desert. Mars is half the size of the Earth and ten times lighter than our planet. Mars has two natural satellites. The planet bears the name of the ancient Roman god of war - Mars.

Find and place a card with the image of the planet Mars next to the Earth.

And now we'll have a little rest.

Fizminutka

We continue our acquaintance with the planets. And the next planet is Jupiter.

And tell us about this planet:

Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. The planet is 11 times larger than the Earth. Jupiter has 16 moons. This is a gas planet, it does not have a solid surface.

This planet is named after the ancient Greek god of war, Jupiter. This planet is so big that the other eight planets could fit inside it.

Find the image of Jupiter on your cards and put it in front of you after Mars.

Jupiter is followed by Saturn, the sixth planet in the solar system.

Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system and is easily recognizable by the beautiful rings surrounding it. These rings are made up of many pieces of ice and rock. Like Jupiter, it is a giant gas planet. It is named after the Roman god of agriculture.

Find and set aside the Saturn card.

The seventh planet farthest from the Sun is Uranus.

Uranus is far from the Sun, so the planet is always cold. It is too giant planet, it is 60 times larger than the Earth. Uranus is named after the Greek god of the sky.

Find a card with his image and put it in front of you.

This is a gas planet, it does not have a solid surface. This planet is little studied, as it is very far away. It bears the name of the Roman god of the seas - Neptune

Put a card with his image on the table, next to Uranus.

Another planet in our solar system is Pluto.

Pluto is the smallest and lightest planet in the solar system. Pluto is smaller than the Moon. This is the coldest planet. Pluto has one satellite. It bears the name of the ancient Greek god Pluto, the ruler of the gloomy underworld, where the sun's rays do not penetrate.

Guys, what do you think. Why is this planet the coldest of all the planets in our solar system.

So we got acquainted with all the planets that are part of our solar system.

How many planets are there in our solar system?

Nine.

IV . Practical part

Now, you need to draw in the albums in the center of the Sun and place all the planets around it, in the order we have studied, because that is how they are located relative to the Sun.

V . Final part

And now let's summarize everything that we talked about in the lesson.

What cosmic bodies of the solar system have we met?

With the planets of the solar system, asteroids.

What discoveries have you made for yourself?

There are only 9 planets in our solar system

Life on one planet - Earth.

They are named after the ancient gods.

And now we once again remember the name of the planets of our solar system.

Puzzles:

1. Nine brothers and sisters

Mothers are wandering around

Reflecting her light

Round dances lead. (Sun and planets)

2. Mysterious, in a white veil

She flies far away

And maybe even beautiful

But in the haze it is barely distinguishable. (Venus)

3. Warm, beautiful, green

For many, it is their father's home.

And many millions of years

She keeps a secret from us. (Earth)

4. This planet is hot,

She is closest to the sun. (Mercury)

5. One, of course, is bored,

Another urgently need to call!

And not two, not three - at a time,

Thirty will be just right.

Let them circle. flying around

creating a tight circle. (Saturn)

This is the fifth planet

She is very big

Bears a name, this planet

The most important deity. (Jupiter).

extracurricular activity

Topic: " Planets of the Solar System.

Direction: expanding horizons.

Participants: 2nd grade children

Program tasks:

To form children's ideas about the planets of the solar system.

Raise interest in the knowledge of space.

Develop visual attention.

Equipment: spaceship illustration, planet illustrations, mock-up solar system, pictures depicting the planets of the solar system, cards with the names of the planets, a diagram of the solar system, plasticine, boards, stacks, oilcloth.

Expected Result:pupils will name the planets of the solar system; make a model of the solar system from plasticine.

Course progress.

Organizing time.

- Guys, I am very glad to see you and your kind faces, radiant eyes! Let's give a piece of our good mood to each other! Look guys at each other and smile!

Emotional mood

Guys, do you want to fly into space, explore new things? And who knows how you can get to space? (children's answers). That's right, on a spaceship, because neither airplanes nor helicopters fly into space, in order to fly they need to rely on air, and there is no air in space. Well, let's get into our spaceship and fly...

Motivation

All of you know how to listen carefully and answer questions, like to learn new and interesting things. Today I will reveal to you some secrets of space. But guess first riddle:

It sheds light on the earth

And gives warmth to all of us.(children's answers: "The sun")

And by what signs did you determine that this is the sun?

Knowledge update

What is the Sun? (children's answers)

That's right, guys, the sun is a huge hot ball. It radiates heat and light, gives life to people, plants, animals.

Is there life in the sun? (children's answers)

Correctly. There is no life in the sun, it is very hot there. The sun is the closest star to us, and there are brighter stars in outer space.

And who remembers the name of our planet? (children's answers).

What would happen if the sun did not warm our planet with its rays? (children's answers).

That's right, guys, our planet Earth would turn into an icy desert and eternal night would reign on it. Plants would die, and all living things, because for life we need sunlight and warm. So it turns out that thanks to the Sun on Earth there are plants, animals, people.

Lesson topic message

Guys, the Sun is not alone, he has a family. Guys, do you want to know about the family of the sun. (children's answers)

The family of the sun is not mom and dad, not sons and daughters. These are planets. And today I will reveal to you the secret of the solar family. In another way, the "solar family" is called the "solar system". Today I will tell you about the planets of the solar system and introduce you to the order that reigns in the solar system. Today we will make a model of the solar system together.

Explanation of new material

Every planet has a name, just like you and me. Look carefully, listen and remember.

(The teacher reads the poem and puts images of the planets on the diagram of the solar system.)

Let's outline the topic of conversation:

The planets around the sun dance like children.

Mercury is the planet closest to the sun.

It is flooded with rays of hot light,

He receives so many rays that this planet of others is hot!

(A picture depicting Mercury, a card with the name is put on the diagram of the solar system).

Who remembers the name of the first planet from the Sun? (Children's answers are "Mercury." Choral pronunciation.)

And after him in a silver chariot

The queen flies in the sky.

Her appearance is youthful. Gentle,

Her horses are white

And winged and beautiful

Golden-eyed, golden-maned ... This is Venus)

(A picture depicting Venus, a card with the name is displayed on the diagram of the solar system).

What is the name of the second planet from the Sun? (children's answers. Choral pronunciation "Venus")

Well, our third planet

Most of it is water

Can you tell me what her name is... Earth .

(A picture depicting the Earth, a card with the name is put on the diagram of the solar system).

What is the name of the third planet from the Sun? (children's answers)

Mars is a mysterious planet.

It is slightly larger than the moon,

Because of the blood red color

The planet was named after the god of war, Mars.

(A picture depicting Mars, a card with the name is put on the diagram of the solar system).

What is the name of the fourth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)

Jupiter - most of the planets

But there is no land on the planet.

liquid hydrogen everywhere

And bitter cold all year round.

What is the name of the fifth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)

Saturn - beautiful planet

yellow-orange,

And rings of stones and ice

She is always surrounded.

(A picture depicting Jupiter, a card with the name is put on the diagram of the solar system).

What is the name of the sixth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)

Uranus - couch potato. And he's too lazy to get up

The planet can't rise

Forty years last there a day

And the fortieth is the night.

(A picture depicting Uranus, a card with the name is put on the diagram of the solar system).

What is the name of the seventh planet from the Sun? (children's answers)

Planet Neptune far from the earth

It's not easy to see her through a telescope

The eighth planet from the sun

An icy winter reigns on it forever.

(A picture depicting Neptune, a card with the name is put on the diagram of the solar system).

What is the name of the eighth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)

Rushing in distant space Pluto,

Barely lit by the sun.

(A picture depicting Pluto, a card with the name is put on the diagram of the solar system).

What is the name of the ninth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)

How many planets are in the family of the Sun? (Nine planets).

What is the family of the sun called? (The family of the Sun is called the Solar System).

Let's repeat the names of the planets of the solar system together. (Choral pronunciation).

Ideal order reigns in the family of the Sun: no one pushes, interferes with each other and does not offend each other. Each planet has its own path along which it runs around the Sun. The path along which the planet moves is called the orbit. (Choral pronunciation of the word "orbit")

So what is the name of the path along which the planet moves? And now, look carefully at the diagram of the solar system. Count how many paths-orbits around the Sun?

(Answers of children).

Yes, as many as the planets - nine.

Game for the development of visual attention.

"Find differences".

Look carefully: are the orbital tracks all the same or did you notice any differences? (They vary in length).

Which planet's orbit is the smallest?

Which planet's orbit is the largest?

What is the Earth's orbit from the Sun?

What is the track-orbit from the Sun for the planet Pluto?

Fizminutka:

At the signal of the teacher “One, two, three - run!”, The children move to the music: they run, jump. As soon as the music stops, they freeze. The teacher touches the children in turn and asks them questions:

What do they fly into space?

Name the planets of the solar system that you remember?

What is the number of planet Earth from the sun?

What is the most distant planet?

What is the family of the sun called?(repeat the game 3-4 times)

Practical part.

Guys, let's create a model of the solar system from cardboard and plasticine. Each of you will create one planet, but first, let's distribute who will sculpt which planet.(children independently choose who will sculpt which planet).

Guys, carefully consider the planet you have chosen, what color is it? Is it one color or does it have multiple colors?

There is plasticine in front of you, take the right colors for the planet you have chosen. We take it and get to work.

Guys, first we roll the plasticine of each color into a ball, and your planet is multi-colored, then you will need to connect several colored plasticine balls. (Show).

At runtime practical work provide guidance to the children of a weak group.

The planets are ready, now they need to be attached to the sun, but most importantly they need to be distributed in the correct order.

(Children take turns going to the board on which a model of the solar system is attached and sticking their own. Naming it.)

Guys, tell me each about your planet, which you sculpted:

Pupils compose a story according to the plan:

What is the name of the planet?

What color is it or what colors does it consist of?

What is the size small or large?

On what track - orbit is it located from the sun?

Conclusion.

Guys, do you like our lesson?

What did you like the most about the lesson?

I also liked it very much, and especially how you actively worked today, answered questions, diligently created a model of the solar system.

Everyone is great today!

Integration educational areas: knowledge, communication.

Target: systematize knowledge about the structure of the solar system.

Development tasks:

1. Develop imagination, fantasy, logical thinking by creating problem situation the ability to find patterns.

2. Develop dialogical speech (express and prove your point of view).

3. Develop fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

4. Develop memory, auditory attention.

5. Learn to navigate on the plane, act according to verbal instructions.

6. Develop coherent speech.

7. Develop the ability to guess riddles.

8. Develop a general outlook.

9. Generate interest in outer space.

Educational tasks:

1. Expand knowledge about celestial bodies(work with a map of the solar system, a story about space, the planet).

2. Expand vocabulary(star, solar system, planet, meteorite).

3. Fixing the naming geometric shapes: triangle, square, circle, rectangle, trapezoid, oval.

4. Practice counting within 10 (20).

5. Exercise in the correct use of prepositions and case endings in children's speech.

6. Exercise the ability of children to highlight a given preposition in a sentence.

Educational tasks:

1. Include each child in activities and create a favorable atmosphere in the group (creation of a positive emotional background, attitude towards joint activities).

2. To develop communication skills in children (a sense of belonging, cohesion, a sense of a group), to show the ability to listen to another, goodwill, a sense of camaraderie, volitional regulation behavior.

Lesson progress

I. Organizational moment.

Educator: Guys, a lot of guests came to our lesson today. Let's greet them.

Children: Hello.

II. Emotional setting.

Educator: Guys, how are you feeling today?

Children: Good, joyful, cheerful.

Educator: Let's join hands and pass on our good mood to each other.

All the children gathered in a circle.
I am your friend and you are my friend.
Let's hold hands tight
And we smile at each other.
and take their seats.

Educator: Guys, today I received an unusual letter by e-mail! (Child reads).

Earthlings help! Our planets are out of orbit. Looking forward to your help

To help us, we need to make a space journey, visit the planets of the solar system!

Educator: I suggest you go with me to the planets of the solar system. I’ll take an old carriage, hitch a couple of strong horses into it, and we’ll rush off. Do you think we'll get there? (no, why?

Then I propose to go by the fastest car. Do you think we'll finish it? (no) why?

Educator: So what will we fly with you? (on a rocket). Why a rocket? (children's answer) Let's find out how many-stage our rocket is. To find out, you need to divide the word rocket into syllables. How many syllables? (3 syllables).

Educator: But in order for our rocket to take off, we need to start it.

The teacher conducts gymnastics with children:

Start the motors (rotation of the arms in front of the chest)

Connect contacts (fingertips)

Prepare for rocket launch (crouch)

Start! (Jump sharply and hands up).

Music (arrival in space)

1. MERCURY

Teacher: Attention. Look out the windows to which planet are we approaching? (children read the title on the slide)

Guys, what do you know about the planet Mercury.

W. well done! Mercury is the fastest planet in the solar system. During the day, the planet is hot, and at night there is freezing rain. And yesterday a lot of meteorites fell on my planet.

Educator: Do you know what a meteorite is?

Offers to watch an experiment with stones of different sizes falling into a bowl of sand and leaving pits (crater) on the surface from impact.

Educator: Why such different craters? (depending on how high the meteorite fell). Well done guys, you got the job done. Our journey continues. We're heading for the next planet.

2. VENUS

Educator: We arrived on what planet? (read slide Venus). What do you know about this planet?

Children's answers.

Educator: This is the hottest planet. Surrounded by a dense atmosphere rich in sulfur dioxide.

Are we going to land on the planet? Why?

Educator: Guys, in order to continue the journey, you need to complete the task.

What fabulous space creatures fly around Venus? (aliens)

Examine the drawings and find differences in the image of aliens.

Educator: Well done! Let's go further.

3. EARTH

Educator: We are flying past (above) our planet. What is the name of the planet we live on? (Earth). How does it differ from other planets? (there is life, oxygen, water, plants, animals).

Oh guys, a guest appeared on our rocket. If you guess my riddle, you will know who this guest is.

The teacher makes a riddle.

Moved by the flower
All four petals.
I wanted to rip it off
He fluttered and flew away. (Butterfly)

(Prepare flowers).

Flower field game.

Educator: Where can we put our butterfly? (On a flower). If a butterfly wants to eat, where will it find nectar? (On a flower). The warm sun will come out, where will she fly? (Above the flower). A cold wind will blow, where will she hide? (Under the flower).

Educator: Well done! Let's head for the next planet.

4. MARS

Teacher: What is it called? (Mars).

Guys, do you know what this planet was called before? (Planet of War) right.

It has a large amount of iron and is covered with red-orange sand. It is in the 4th orbit from the sun. On its surface there are volcanoes, the largest of which is called Mount Olympus.

Word game:(1, 3, 5)

Satellite, rocket, astronaut, comet, planet, star.

Educator: Well done! Our journey continues.

5. JUPITER

Educator: We flew to the planet (Jupiter). What do you know about this planet?

Children's answers.

Educator: This is the largest planet in the solar system. Two and a half times more massive than all the planets combined. There is no solid surface on the planet. It consists of poisonous gases, so it is impossible to live there. In order for us to choose the right path, we need to arrange the stars in order (from 1 to 20). Well done!

Educator: We are heading for the next planet (Saturn).

6. SATURN

Educator: What do you know about this planet?

It is in the 6th orbit from the Sun. There are rings around the planet. Its surface consists of liquid and gas. Saturn is surrounded by rings, they are composed of fragments of ice and stones.

Guys, look, the aliens sent us messages, the letters are mixed up, let's try to unravel them. (scheme of drawings)

Educator: Well done!

7. URANUS

Educator: Uranus is one of the most distant from the sun and therefore the coldest planets. It was discovered only 200 years ago, and it lies on its side because it once experienced a collision. The planet is shrouded in clouds and has several rings.

Game antonyms: planets are different:

Far and near

Cold and warm

Big and small

Hard and soft

heavy - light

8. NEPTUNE

Educator: Neptune is a dark blue planet, on which winds from poisonous clouds always blow. Clouds are made up of ice crystals. Neptune has 8 moons.

You guys have already said that fabulous aliens fly in space. Let's now each of you will turn into a space hero.

Music (dance freely of their choice).

Educator: To take off you need to solve riddles. Ready: (in the picture book)

To arm the eye
And make friends with the stars
Milky Way see to
We need a powerful .... telescope.

Telescope hundreds of years
Studying the life of the planets
Will tell us everything
smart uncle ... astronomer

Astronomer - he is an astrologer
Knows everything
Only the best visible
Full moon in the sky

A bird cannot reach the moon
Fly and land
But he can do it
Make a fast ... rocket

The rocket has a driver
Weightlessness amateur
English: astronaut
And in Russian ... astronaut.

9. PLUTO

Educator: Guys, and now the most distant planet is waiting for us - What is it called (Pluto). We're getting close. Do you think this planet is cold or warm?

Children: This is a very cold planet.

Teacher: Why do you think? The planet is very far from the sun and it is very small.

Guys, let's give the inhabitants of this planet a star so that it warms them. To do this, you need to solve a crossword puzzle and find out the name of the encrypted star: (star-SUN)

1. The planet of the solar system, which in ancient times was called the "planet of war" for its red color (MARS)

2. The farthest from the sun and the smallest planet in the solar system (PLUTO)

3. Satellite of the Earth (MOON)

4. The second planet from the sun of the solar system, a neighbor of the Earth (VENUS)

5. What is the famous planet Saturn (RING)

Educator: Well done. But in order to get back home, we need to fill the rocket with stardust, let's shoot some stars from the sky. To have enough stardust to fly home, you need 6 stars, we have already taken 3. How many more stars do we need to take? (correct 3 stars). The teacher removes star map asterisks, allowing children to count them.

The rocket is fueled, the route is determined. Let's sit in the special astronaut chairs. Let's close our eyes and start counting down from 10 to 0 together.

Countdown.

Educator: Welcome back to planet Earth. Guys, an alarm sounded, fragments of an asteroid are approaching our planet. (Do you know what an asteroid is)

I invite the children to come to the table and see what is there. Whatman paper is on the table, the Sun is glued on it.

Teacher: What is missing? (planets) We will be saved if we place the planets in the right order in their orbits.

Children glue the planets according to the number.

Did you enjoy space travel?

Children's answers.

Teacher: What planets have you been to? (music slide)

Children name all the planets in order.

Call any of you:
Raz - Mercury
Two - Venus
Three - Earth
Four - Mars
Five - Jupiter
Six - Saturn
Seven - Uranus
Behind him is Neptune.
He is number eight
And after him later
And the ninth planet
It's called Pluto.

Educator: Well done. I know that you have shown yourself to be brave and friendly guys.

ABSTRACT directly educational activities in the preparatory school group "Planets of the solar system"

Program tasks:
Educational area "Cognition"
To consolidate the knowledge of children about space, the solar system, about space exploration.
To acquaint with the sequence of the arrangement of the planets of the solar system in their orbits, to generalize and expand the knowledge of children about the features of the planets.
Develop cognitive activity, attention, memory, fine motor skills;
Educational area "Communication"
Continue to learn to answer in full common sentences, develop coherent speech.
Educational area "Socialization"
To cultivate the ability to communicate in the process of work, play, treat a friend kindly, provide him with all possible assistance.
Educational area "Health"
Ensure optimal physical activity of children during the GCD
Preliminary work: lesson “Space exploration”, conversation “Blue planet Earth, looking at illustrations on the theme “Space”.
Equipment:
Solar system with planets for each child.
Presentation of the "planet of the solar system".
Envelopes with tasks.
Envelopes with items needed in space, 1 envelope for two children.
Stars are medals. Introduction
Since ancient times, people have dreamed of flying like birds, on which the heroes of fairy tales and ancient legends: and on golden chariots, and on fast arrows, and even on bats.
- What did the heroes of your favorite fairy tales fly on?
Correctly. This is a carpet plane, and a stupa with Baba Yaga, and even geese - swans.
Centuries passed, and people managed to conquer the airspace of the earth, but they always wanted to rise higher, conquer outer space, fly to the stars. (slide 1) But people were able to go to the stars only 50 years ago.
Let's remember how it was.
What animal was the first to fly into space? (dogs Squirrel and arrow)
(slide 2)
- Who was the first astronaut on the planet? (children's answers) (slide 3)
- What was the name of the ship on which Yu.A. Gagarin went into space? ("East") (Slide 3)
What was the name of the first woman to go into space? (To Tereshkova) (slide 4)
- You know so much about space. Would you like to take a space trip yourself?
Main part.
I suggest you go on a space journey.
- How are we going to space? (on a rocket) (slide 5)
- Why can we go into space on a rocket? (only a rocket can overcome gravity)
Do you know that astronauts in space do not rest, but do work, conduct research. And for our journey, we received assignments in envelopes from the mission control center. The first task we must complete in preparation for the flight. You are ready?
So, I open the first envelope. Here is the task:
"select items that we need or may need in space"
Take the envelopes and start the task, you are doing the task together, together.
(The teacher checks the correctness of the assignment.)
So, we have collected everything you need, (Slide 5,)
please check, and now we can go on a space trip.

Put on spacesuits (children imitate movements), fasten your seat belts. Attention attention!!! Our crew is taking off. (slide 6)
5- 4-3-2-1-Let's go!
Here we are in space! How beautiful it is here! (slide 7)
Look out the windows, what do you see in space? (slide 8)
But we don't just travel. It's time for us to open the second task from the mission control center.
So, I open the second envelope. Here is our task.
"Visit all the planets and map the solar system"
- Look, you have cards on the tables.
- What do you see on the maps? (stars, orbits)
- What is an orbit? (the way the planets revolve around the sun)
Why don't the planets collide with each other as they revolve around the sun? (planets revolve in their orbits)
- What is missing on your maps? (salt and planets)
- What is the sun? (huge hot star)
All planets in the solar system rotate strictly in their orbit. Among the planets there are big ones and small ones. Some of them are closer to the Sun, others are farther from it.
So, we start the task. We will travel around the planets of the solar system and make maps.

Attention! We are approaching the first planet.
Do you know the name of the planet closest to the sun? (Mercury.)
(Slide 9)

Read a poem about her.
Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun
It is flooded with rays of hot light,
He gets so many rays
That this planet of others is hot!
So fast Mercury runs in orbit
As if in a hurry: “Catch up with me!”

Why do you think this planet is very hot? (because it is next to the Sun). Mercury hurries after the Sun, as if afraid to fall behind him. During the Earth year, Mercury has time to run around the Sun 4 times. The ancient Greeks said that "Those who need to hurry somewhere, let them learn from
Mercury"
Complete the task, place Mercury on the map. What orbit is Mercury in?
- Attention, attention, we are approaching the very beautiful planet solar system. (slide 10)
- What is it called? (This is Venus)
In honor of the goddess of beauty, Venus is named, you!
In the dark skies you shine, you illuminate us with beauty!

What do you know about this planet?
Venus glows like a crystal of rock crystal and seems very beautiful! Therefore, she was named after the goddess of beauty Venus.
The surface of Venus is rocky, so it is yellow-brown in color. This planet has an atmosphere, but it is made up of carbon dioxide Therefore, people and animals cannot live there. Find Venus and place it on the map. (children do the task)
What orbit is Venus in? (On the second)
Get ready….Our journey continues.
- Did you recognize this planet? (slide 11) (Earth)
- Why is it blue? (this air is blue)
- Can our planet be called alive? Why?
Read a poem about our planet.
Third planet from the Sun
Our Earth is smaller than a star,
But she lacks warmth and light,
Clean air and water.
Do not forget to complete the task, place our planet on the map. In what orbit does our planet rotate?
We admired our planet a little, and spaceship already approaching the next planet planet. (Slide 12)
Which unusual planet! Did you recognize her?
Mars is a mysterious planet. It is slightly larger than the moon,
Because of the blood red color They named the planet after the god of war
Mars is a desert covered in orange-red sand.
- Place mars on our maps.
What orbit is Mars in?
PHYSICAL MINUTE:(slide 13)
Our journey is very long. And what a trip without spacewalk. Do you want to visit open space? Check your suits. Remember that all movements in space are smooth, a person does not walk there, but swims, flies, moves very slowly. (children move to the music)
Attention, attention, back to the ship. Take your seats.
Our crew is approaching the largest planet. (slide 14)
What is it called? (Jupiter)
What do you know about this planet?
Jupiter is the largest of all planets.
But there is no land on the planet,
liquid hydrogen everywhere
And bitter cold all year round.
Jupiter is 11 times the size of the earth - it's just a giant.
Find this planet.
What orbit is Jupiter in?

Attention, we are approaching the next planet, which interesting planet? (Slide 15)
– What is it called?
How is it different from other planets?
What are the rings of Saturn made of? (ice blocks and stones)
Saturn is a beautiful planet
yellow-orange,
And rings of stones and ice
She is always surrounded.
Find Saturn.
- In what orbit will you place it?
Crew, attention, we're approaching the next planet! (slide 16)
Are you familiar with that planet?
This planet is called Uranus.
What do you know about him?
Uranus is the only planet that spins on its side. Such a couch potato! Therefore, one side of it, then the other, is turned to the Sun. Each hemisphere is illuminated by the Sun for exactly 40 years, and then night and fog reign there for 40 years.
Uranus is a couch potato, and he is too lazy to get up, The planet can not rise, Forty years last there for a day, And forty years is night.
Find uranium and place it on the map.
Do not forget in what orbit is his place? (on the seventh)
Attention astronauts! We continue the journey.
We arrived at the eighth planet of the solar system. (slide 17) it seems blue because methane gas surrounds it.
What do you know about this planet?
The planet Neptune is far from Earth,
It's hard to see it through a telescope
The eighth planet from the Sun
An icy winter reigns on it forever.
Place the planet Neptune in the eighth orbit.
Attention all crew members, our journey is coming to an end and we are approaching the last planet. (slide 18)
What is it called.? (Pluto)
What do you know about this planet? (children's answers)
Pluto is the planet farthest from the Sun. It is the smallest and coldest planet in the solar system. Locate the last planet on your map.
Look, we have completed the task of the mission control center. Compare your maps to the solar system. (slide 19)
Final part
Now the crew of our spacecraft must return to Earth, but our way home is not close.
And while we will fly to our planet. I suggest you complete the last task. Ready?
Mission Control wants to test what you've learned and memorized from today's interplanetary journey. Answer our questions.
How many planets are in the solar system?
What is the name of the planet closest to the sun?
Which planet is the smallest?
What is the biggest?
Which planet is the coldest?
Which planet is called red?
Which planet has rings?
Which planets are Earth's closest neighbors?
What is the name of the habitable planet in the solar system?
Well done, you answered all the questions, completed all the tasks, made wonderful maps that other astronauts can travel on
Attention, astronauts, we are approaching planet Earth!
Here we are at home, how beautiful it is on our planet. Unfasten your seat belts.
Our space journey has come to an end. to all the astronauts who have been in space, I want to give a star in memory of our unusual journey

Application

1. Envelopes with tasks.
2. D / I "WE ARE GOING TO SPACE"
Didactic task: to consolidate children's knowledge about space, about the features of the life and work of astronauts in connection with being in an airless space.
Equipment: picture cards various items arranged in envelopes
Game rule: correctly select cards with images of objects that can or cannot be taken into space.
Game action: select and lay out cards with the image of objects that can or cannot be taken into space.
Game progress:
Option 1. Envelopes with cards for each child. The teacher offers to choose items that can be taken into space and lay them out on the table, and put the rest of the cards in an envelope.
Option 2. An envelope with cards from two or three children, the children together select cards with objects that can be taken into space.
Option 3. Envelopes with cards for each child. Children select items that cannot be taken into space. Each child shows the selected card and explains their choice.

3. D / I "MAP OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM"
Didactic task: to consolidate children's knowledge about space, the structure of the solar system, about the planets of the solar system and their features.
Equipment: 20 cards of the solar system - starry sky with orbits, envelopes with the sun and planets for each child.
Game rule: correctly place all celestial bodies in their places on the solar system board.
Game action: children lay out celestial bodies on maps of the solar system.
Game progress:
Option 1. The teacher names the celestial body (the sun or the planet and its characteristic features: a huge red-hot star, a red planet, etc.) the children find this body in their envelopes, the teacher explains (or asks the children) where exactly this celestial body is located.
Option 2. Children independently lay out celestial bodies on a map of the solar system, the teacher checks the correctness of the map.

Samsonova Natalya Viktorovna - Educator of the MKDOU "Kindergarten No. 16 of the combined type", Efremov, Tula region
Date of receipt of work for the competition: 02/14/2017.

ABSTRACT

continuous educational activities in the educational field "Cognitive development" preparatory group for school

Topic: "Big star and its planets."

Target:Clarify and systematize in children the knowledge gained, elementary ideas about the Sun, the Solar System.

Tasks:

- To consolidate knowledge about the planets, their sequential arrangement from the Sun.

- To develop search and research activities: with the help of experience, determine the annual rotation of the planets around the Sun and why on Earth there is a change of day and night.

- Develop general, fine motor skills.

- To activate the vocabulary of children on the topic "Solar system": planet, Sun, solar system, orbit, name of the planets.

- Develop connected speech.

- Develop children's logical thinking and imagination.

- Contribute to the formation of communication skills.

- Raise interest in the Sun, the solar system.

- To enrich the emotional world of children with new impressions, to improve the ability to work in a team.

Types of children's activities: cognitive-research, communicative, perception fiction, playful, productive, motor.

Materials:solar system poster, sun painting, package, candle, lantern, light bulb, split pictures with the image of the Sun, a model of orbits on the floor made of ropes, a globe, a table lamp, white and red plasticine, headbands with the image of the planets of the solar system, a soft sun with laces-rays. TSO-audio recordings: E. Krylatov - Museum of the Institute of Time, Resurrection (Space Music).

Preliminary work. Observations on a walk behind the sun, reading the story "Where does the Sun spend the night?", Encyclopedia "Why," work with a globe and a map of the world, memorizing the "Planets of the Solar System" memory rhyme.

I . Children stand in a semicircle facing the guests.

Educator:Guys, greet our guests (children say hello). Give them your good mood, smile.

Today, an unusual package came to our kindergarten, in which there were these cards that looked like puzzles. Let's try to collect them and see what happens? (children collect puzzles to the music) Look, guys, what did we get? (That's right, the sun!)

Reading a poem about the sun.

The cloud hides behind the forest,

The sun is watching from heaven.

And so pure

Good, radiant.

If we got him

We would kiss him.

Look, there are other items in the parcel (I show the children a candle, a flashlight, an electric light bulb).

Educator:What is the relationship between these objects and the Sun? (That these objects, like the sun, are sources of light. But artificial.)

Educator:Name the natural sources of light (sun, moon, fire).

Educator:Correctly! What is the main light source? This is the Sun! Who among you knows riddles and proverbs about the Sun! (Children name and determine that this is a riddle or proverb)

Children:1) A golden apple rolls on a blue saucer.

2) The red girl walks in the sky.

3) We cry without it, but when it appears, we hide from it.

4) I will get up early, white and ruddy,

Yes, how to let down golden hair,

Let me go up the mountain

Both man and beast will rejoice.

5) What is higher than the forest,

More beautiful than the world

It burns without fire.

6) He looks at the whole world, he does not order to look at himself.

7) Without me there will be no light,

There will be no summer without me.

In the morning I knock on the window:

Wake up, the sun is out!

8) You warm the whole world

You don't know fatigue

Smiling at the window

And everyone calls you ... (sun).

Proverbs: When the sun is warm, when the mother is good.

You can't look at the sun with all your eyes.

You can't close the sun, but you can't hide the truth.

The sun will rise and so will the morning.

II . Talk about the Sun.

Educator:What do you think the Sun is? What is it?

Children:The Sun is a big, big, huge, very hot star that is far away from us.

caregiver: Why don't other stars warm our planet? (The stars are very far away and their light and heat do not reach the earth)

Educator:If we became wizards and landed on some star, how do you think we would see the Sun? (We would see the Sun as a small twinkling star)

Educator:What is the actual Sun? (This is a huge hot ball that radiates heat and light) Therefore, the Sun forms the center of our system. (picture depicting the Sun)

Educator:Is there life on the Sun? (There is no life on the Sun, because it is very hot there; but it gives us life: people, plants, animals)

Educator:The sun is not alone, he has a family. Only these are not daughters and sons, but planets, satellites and others space bodies, which are very attached to the Sun. I want to tell everyone the tale of Sunshine's family.

A woman lived in one heavenly house and she had eight children, whom her mother dearly loved, the children were terrible fidgets and mischievous people. For example, the mother of all the children will call for dinner, but only six come running. Where are the other two? And let's look for them everywhere! Runs, weeps until he finds. And the kids started playing, they forgot that their mother was waiting. And so every day, and so in everything: either one or the other will forget about his mother's order. The poor mother got tired and turned to the Sorceress Galaxy for help. The sorceress listened to her and decided that it was useless to violate the heavenly order and declared that from now on, eight naughty children would turn into balls as punishment, and would always be near their mother, moving around her at different distances from one another. Farthest from the mother will be the most naughty children who will hardly get her warmth, closer - more obedient. Since then, it has been that way! Eight planets walk around the mother-sun in a circle and cannot escape from it anywhere.

Question: What is the family of the Sun called? (The family of the Sun is called the Solar System)

Educator:Why do you guys think?

Children's answers.

Educator:That's right, because the main thing is the Sun. Order reigns in the family of the Sun: no one pushes, interferes with each other and does not offend each other. Each planet has its own path along which it runs around the Sun. What is the name of the path along which the planet moves? (Orbit) And now look carefully at the diagram of the solar system (consideration of the diagram). How many track orbits around the sun? (children's answers)

Educator:Yes, as many as the planets - eight.

Look carefully: are the orbital tracks all the same or did you notice any differences? (They vary in length)

What planets do you know?

III . Solar system game.

Educator:Let's imagine that we are the planets of the solar system. Choose a planet of your choice (children choose hats that depict planets). Planets to the music begin to move around the Sun, as soon as the music ends, they take their places in the solar system.

And now Lisa will tell a poem:

In space outer air No

And eight different planets are circling there.

And the Sun is a star in the very center of the system,

And we are all connected by attraction.

The sun-star is an enormous ball

The light radiates like a fire.

Well, the planets reflect that light,

They love the sun!

caregiver: And now let's check whether the planets have taken their places correctly. In order, all the planets will be called by any of us:

Once ... Mercury (the child answers).

Two (teacher) ... Venus (the child answers).

Three ... Earth,

Four... Mars.

Five ... Jupiter,

Six ... Saturn,

Seven... Uranus,

Behind him ... Neptune.

He is eighth in line.

Educator:Just now, what did you show? (That all the planets revolve around the Sun.) The time it takes for them to complete a full circle around the Sun is called ... Correctly "year". The path around the Sun is different for all planets, why?

Children:The closer the planet is to the Sun, the shorter its path around it, the farther the planet is from the Sun, the longer its path will be.

Educator:On Earth, a year lasts who knows how many days (365) or how many months (12). During this time there are different seasons. Name them. While the Earth rotates every 3 months there is a change of seasons. The Earth will run a full circle around the Sun and a new next year will begin.

Educator:Does the sun ever rest? What does it do at night?

How do you think the sun moves? (children's assumptions) The sun does not move, it is in one place. But the Sun never rests. The sun is a perpetual motion machine, a worker: it always shines, always warms. But our planet Earth does not stand still, it spins all the time. And in turn it substitutes the Sun with one side, then the other, then the third, then the fourth.

IV . Experience "Day-night".

Educator:We must find out what one rotation of the Earth around its axis is equal to. On Earth there is a change of day and night. In order for you to understand how day changes night, let's do the following experiment. To do this, we need a layout of the planet Earth - a globe and a table lamp and two pieces of plasticine - white and red. A burning light bulb will be the Sun, and plasticine will be depicted at home. We will attach these pieces, that is, “houses”, to opposite sides of our planet. So half the globe illuminated, half dark. It is daytime in the white house, and the night is in full swing in the red house, everyone is sleeping there. Let's rotate the planet so that the white house disappears into the shadows, and the red one appears in the light, morning has come here. What time of day is it in the white house? Evening. Our planet does not stand still, it constantly rotates around its axis, and now it has turned again: in the red house, the day is in full swing, but in the white? Night. Let's turn our planet around. What do we see? What time of day is it in the red house? Evening. In the white house? Morning. This is how our planet Earth made one complete revolution around its axis. Let's conclude: what is one rotation of the Earth around its axis? It is equal to the day, right. How many parts per day? Four. Name (morning, afternoon, evening, night). What about hours? (24).

V . The game "Braid the pigtails".

Educator:Guys, Sunny told me in secret that he wants to do his hair. Let's braid his hair. The Sun will have a new hairstyle that will still resemble the rays.

VI. Outcome.

What have you learned? What is the Sun? How many planets?

Literature.

1.Panikova E.A., Inkina V.V. Conversations about space. Methodical guide.-M.: TC Sphere, 2012.

2. Encyclopedia "Why".

Program content:

to form elementary knowledge in children that the Sun is the largest and closest star to the Earth;
that the earth rotates on its axis and around the sun;
to teach children to navigate in the world of physical phenomena;
to give initial knowledge about space and the solar system;
create conditions for the development of imagination;
cultivate a caring attitude towards one's health; form awareness of being a part of nature.

Material: illustrations of the planets of the solar system; a set for modeling the solar system, a table lamp, a globe, “telescope” tubes made of paper (cardboard); hats-helmets.

Lesson progress

AT. Guys, do you know your address? Where is our city (village) located? What other countries do you know and where are they located? (On the Earth.)

Do you know where the Earth "lives"? Let's ask her about it!

The teacher puts on a hat with the image of the planet Earth, takes on the role of the Earth and turns on the audio recording “I am the Earth!”.

AT. Earth! Earth! We are kindergarten kids! Tell us about yourself!

Earth. Children! Children! I am the Earth! My homeland is the solar system. Do you know why it is so named? (In honor of the Sun.)

AT. What is the Sun? It's a big star, very hot. This is a fireball that is far from the Earth. For example, if we flew to the Sun on a rocket, then the flight would take 20-30 years of our life. But the sunbeam reaches us in 8 minutes.

Tell us what you know about the Sun? What is it? What do you like about it? Why does every living thing on earth love the sun?

Do you want to learn more about the Sun, stars and planets? Then let's go on a space trip!

What is needed for that? What clothes do we need? (Spacesuits.) What are spacesuits for? They protect a person from cold, heat, they are supplied with air that a person can breathe. Put on your helmets!

What will we fly? What will we name our spaceship?

Children sit on chairs in two rows.

AT. Attention! Let's start the countdown! (Everyone counts in chorus: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 - start!) What do you see above the clouds? How is the sky changing? (The teacher demonstrates illustrations of the starry sky.)

The teacher shows an illustration of the entire solar system.

AT. Consider the solar system. There are many balls - planets of different sizes.

The closest planet to the Sun is Mercury (shows an image of the planet). Take your telescopes and look at this planet. What do you think, is it possible to go out for a walk on Mercury? (No.) Because this planet is located close to the Sun, the temperature there is more than +400 ° C. Is it a lot or a little? Can a person endure such heat? (Not.)

Let's fly then! The second planet from the Sun is Venus (Venus illustration showing). They blow on her strong winds, lightning flashes, the air is very poisonous for humans. People have long wanted to study this planet better, send various devices to it, but man himself has not yet been to Venus. We are not yet ready to set foot on this beautiful planet.

The teacher shows an illustration of the planet Earth.

AT. What planet do you think we are flying over right now? (This is our Earth.) What color is it? (Blue.) What do you see around the Earth? It is, as it were, enveloped by a layer of air - this is an air ocean - the atmosphere. She, like a shirt, enveloped the Earth.

Have you been on an airplane? Where do planes fly? (In the sky, in the air, across the ocean of air.) This layer of air protects our Earth from the dangerous rays of the sun, meteorites and other harmful effects of space.

Why do you think it is good for us to live on Earth? Because the Earth receives from the Sun as much heat and energy as is necessary for the life of a person, plants, animals. Always more or less solar energy is dangerous for the life of all life on our planet.

What would happen if there was no sun? (Everyone would freeze.)

What happens when there is too much sun? (A person gets burned.) What rules of behavior do you know on a bright sunny day? (You can’t look at the sun with unprotected eyes; you can’t sunbathe for a long time, etc.)

What riddles, poems do you know about the sun?

Consider our home planet: what do you see there? In the same way, astronauts observe our Earth from space. What are their observations for? (They talk about the weather, warn about storms, volcanoes, etc.)

Our spaceship is approaching the next planet in the solar system - this is Mars (shows an illustration). What color is this planet? (Red.) What did you see in your telescopes? (Deserts, sand, rocks.) Strong winds blow on Mars, but there is very little oxygen in the atmosphere of Mars. Can humans live on Mars? Man is still studying this planet with the help of instruments.

Would any of you like to fly to Mars on a real space trip? What would you like to find there?

Point your telescopes at the next, fifth planet in the solar system. This is Jupiter. What is its size? (A very large planet.) This planet is composed of gases and has no solid ground. Man has not yet been able to study it. Jupiter has beautiful rings that adorn this planet like a belt.

Our spacecraft received a danger signal - a space body is approaching. What else is there in space besides stars and planets? (Meteorites, asteroids and other space bodies.) A person cannot stay in outer space for a long time. Why? (We need air, oxygen, heat, sunlight, etc.) It's time for us to return to Earth.

Let's continue our space exploration on the ground!

Children "get off the spaceship" and go to the space laboratory.

AT. Let's remember our journey and make a model of the solar system. (On the floor or on tables.) What is at the center of the solar system? (Sun.) What is the Sun? What color is it? Values?

Children choose a large orange circle.

AT. All planets revolve non-stop around the Sun: each on its own road-orbit.

Let's compare the solar system with the area of a city or village. It has many streets - these are the paths of the planets. They are called orbits. Each planet moves only along its "street" orbit. Remember which planet "lives" on the first "street" from the Sun? (Mercury.) Find its model among other planets.

The teacher with the children draws the orbit of Mercury.

AT. Mercury has the shortest "street", so the year on Mercury is very short.

Children, together with the teacher, draw with chalk a circle-orbit of Mercury around the Sun and “settle” the model of the planet on its “street”.

AT. Which planet "lives" on second street? (Venus.) Will the "street" of Venus be larger or smaller than that of Mercury? (More.) Because Venus is a little further from the Sun than Mercury, and Venus's orbit will be larger. Venus is slightly larger than Mercury.

Children draw a "street" of Venus and "settle" a model of the planet into orbit.

AT. Choose a model of the third planet in the solar system. What is it called? (Earth.) What color is it? And in size compared to Mercury and Venus

What way, "street" will the Earth have? (Children draw the Earth's orbit with chalk.)

Then the teacher helps the children to model the entire solar system.

AT. All these 9 planets (children call them in order) with their "streets" make up the entire solar system - a whole area of the "city". What is the name of this "city"? This is the Galaxy!

There are a lot of regions in the Galaxy: at night you can see many stars in the sky. Each star has its own "district". These stars appear small. But in fact they are very large: they are hot and cold.

There are many such "cities" as the Galaxy. All of them are in the "country" - the Universe.

We can travel around our country by car. And the "country" of the Universe is possible? (No.) What is the universe? (Huge, immense, huge, etc.)

Let's write down the "address" of our planet Earth on an envelope:

Country Universe,

galaxy city,

area solar system,

Third street - Earth.

Now let's play Solar System! Put on your planet hats and, at the signal, take the place of your planet from the Sun.

Children make one circle (dance) around the Sun. Then change hats and repeat the game.

AT. Isn't it boring for the Earth to move on such a long path around the Sun? And the Earth is not at all alone - it, like other planets, has a satellite. What is it called? (Moon.) The moon also moves along its "street" around the Earth.

What is the largest moon compared to the earth? (Small.) Yes, the Moon is four times smaller than the Earth. Let's "settle" the Moon on its small "path" near the Earth.

How long does it take the Earth to run its "street" around the Sun? (In one year.) And if we lived on Mercury, we would meet New Year everyday!

How many months is a year on Earth? (12 months.) How many seasons are there on Earth? (Four: winter, spring, summer and autumn.)

How old are you now? (Six years.) So, how many times have you and the Earth turned around the Sun? (Six times.)

All the planets revolve not only around the Sun, but also around themselves (the teacher shows the globe), so day and night alternate.

Can you feel how the earth is spinning? (No, it seems to us that the Earth is standing still, and the Sun is walking around the Earth. But this is not so.) To better understand how this happens, let's experiment with a table lamp and a globe.

Integration of educational areas: knowledge, communication.

Target: systematize knowledge about the structure of the solar system.

Development tasks:

1. Develop imagination, fantasy, logical thinking by creating a problem situation, the ability to find patterns.

2. Develop dialogical speech (express and prove your point of view).

3. Develop fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination.

4. Develop memory, auditory attention.

5. Learn to navigate on the plane, act according to verbal instructions.

6. Develop coherent speech.

7. Develop the ability to guess riddles.

8. Develop a general outlook.

9. Generate interest in outer space.

Educational tasks:

1. Expand knowledge about celestial bodies (work with a map of the solar system, a story about space, the planet).

2. Expand vocabulary (star, solar system, planet, meteorite).

3. Fixing the naming of geometric shapes: triangle, square, circle, rectangle, trapezoid, oval.

4. Practice counting within 10 (20).

5. Exercise in the correct use of prepositions and case endings in the speech of children.

6. Exercise the ability of children to highlight a given preposition in a sentence.

Educational tasks:

1. Include each child in activities and create a favorable atmosphere in the group (creation of a positive emotional background, attitude towards joint activities).

Lesson progress

I. Organizational moment.

Educator: Guys, a lot of guests came to our lesson today. Let's greet them.

Children: Hello.

II. Emotional setting.

Educator: Guys, how are you feeling today?

Children: Good, joyful, cheerful.

Educator: Let's join hands and pass on our good mood to each other.

All the children gathered in a circle.
I am your friend and you are my friend.
Let's hold hands tight
And we smile at each other.
and take their seats.

Educator: Guys, today I received an unusual letter by e-mail! (Child reads).

Earthlings help! Our planets are out of orbit. Looking forward to your help

To help us, we need to make a space journey, visit the planets of the solar system!

Then I propose to go by the fastest car. Do you think we'll finish it? (no) why?

Educator: But in order for our rocket to take off, we need to start it.

The teacher conducts gymnastics with children:

Start the motors (rotation of the arms in front of the chest)

Connect contacts (fingertips)

Prepare for rocket launch (crouch)

Start! (Jump sharply and hands up).

Music (arrival in space)

1. MERCURY

Teacher: Attention. Look out the windows to which planet are we approaching? (children read the title on the slide)

Guys, what do you know about the planet Mercury.

W. well done! Mercury is the fastest planet in the solar system. During the day, the planet is hot, and at night there is freezing rain. And yesterday a lot of meteorites fell on my planet.

Educator: Do you know what a meteorite is?

Offers to watch an experiment with stones of different sizes falling into a bowl of sand and leaving pits (crater) on the surface from impact.

Educator: Why such different craters? (depending on how high the meteorite fell). Well done guys, you got the job done. Our journey continues. We're heading for the next planet.

2. VENUS

Educator: We arrived on what planet? (read slide Venus). What do you know about this planet?

Children's answers.

Educator: This is the hottest planet. Surrounded by a dense atmosphere rich in sulfur dioxide.

Are we going to land on the planet? Why?

Educator: Guys, in order to continue the journey, you need to complete the task.

What fabulous space creatures fly around Venus? (aliens)

Examine the drawings and find differences in the image of aliens.

3. EARTH

Educator: We are flying past (above) our planet. What is the name of the planet we live on? (Earth). How does it differ from other planets? (there is life, oxygen, water, plants, animals).

Oh guys, a guest appeared on our rocket. If you guess my riddle, you will know who this guest is.

The teacher makes a riddle.

Moved by the flower
All four petals.
I wanted to rip it off -
He fluttered and flew away. (Butterfly)

(Prepare flowers).

Flower field game.

Educator: Well done! Let's head for the next planet.

4. MARS

Teacher: What is it called? (Mars).

Guys, do you know what this planet was called before? (Planet of War) right.

It has a large amount of iron and is covered with red-orange sand. It is in the 4th orbit from the sun. On its surface there are volcanoes, the largest of which is called Mount Olympus.

Word game:(1, 3, 5)

Satellite, rocket, astronaut, comet, planet, star.

Educator: Well done! Our journey continues.

5. JUPITER

Educator: We flew to the planet (Jupiter). What do you know about this planet?

Children's answers.

Educator: We are heading for the next planet (Saturn).

6. SATURN

Educator: What do you know about this planet?

It is in the 6th orbit from the Sun. There are rings around the planet. Its surface consists of liquid and gas. Saturn is surrounded by rings, they are composed of fragments of ice and stones.

Guys, look, the aliens sent us messages, the letters are mixed up, let's try to unravel them. (scheme of drawings)

Educator: Well done!

7. URANUS

Game antonyms: planets are different:

Far and near

Cold and warm

Big and small

Hard and soft

heavy - light

8. NEPTUNE

Educator: Neptune is a dark blue planet, on which winds from poisonous clouds always blow. Clouds are made up of ice crystals. Neptune has 8 moons.

You guys have already said that fabulous aliens fly in space. Let's now each of you will turn into a space hero.

Music (dance freely of their choice).

Educator: To take off you need to solve riddles. Ready: (in the picture book)

To arm the eye
And make friends with the stars
Milky way to see
We need a powerful .... telescope.

Telescope hundreds of years
Studying the life of the planets
Will tell us everything
smart uncle ... astronomer

Astronomer - he is an astrologer
Knows everything
Only the best visible
Full moon in the sky

A bird cannot reach the moon
Fly and land
But he can do it
Make a fast ... rocket

The rocket has a driver
Weightlessness amateur
English: astronaut
And in Russian ... astronaut.

9. PLUTO

Educator: Guys, and now the most distant planet is waiting for us - What is it called (Pluto). We're getting close. Do you think this planet is cold or warm?

Children: This is a very cold planet.

Teacher: Why do you think? The planet is very far from the sun and it is very small.

Guys, let's give the inhabitants of this planet a star so that it warms them. To do this, you need to solve a crossword puzzle and find out the name of the encrypted star: (star-SUN)

1. The planet of the solar system, which in ancient times was called the "planet of war" for its red color (MARS)

3. Satellite of the Earth (MOON)

4. The second planet from the sun of the solar system, a neighbor of the Earth (VENUS)

5. What is the famous planet Saturn (RING)

Educator: Well done. But in order to get back home, we need to fill the rocket with stardust, let's shoot some stars from the sky. To have enough stardust to fly home, you need 6 stars, we have already taken 3. How many more stars do we need to take? (correct 3 stars). The teacher removes the stars from the star map, allowing the children to count them.

The rocket is fueled, the route is determined. Let's sit in the special astronaut chairs. Let's close our eyes and start counting down from 10 to 0 together.

Countdown.

Educator: Welcome back to planet Earth. Guys, an alarm sounded, fragments of an asteroid are approaching our planet. (Do you know what an asteroid is)

I invite the children to come to the table and see what is there. Whatman paper is on the table, the Sun is glued on it.

Teacher: What is missing? (planets) We will be saved if we place the planets in the right order in their orbits.

Children glue the planets according to the number.

Did you enjoy space travel?

Children's answers.

Teacher: What planets have you been to? (music slide)

Children name all the planets in order.

Educator: Well done. I know that you have shown yourself to be brave and friendly guys.

The solar system is a group of planets revolving in certain orbits around a bright star - the Sun. This luminary is the main source of heat and light in the solar system.

It is believed that our system of planets was formed as a result of the explosion of one or more stars and this happened about 4.5 billion years ago. At first, the solar system was a collection of gas and dust particles, however, over time and under the influence of its own mass, the Sun and other planets arose.

Planets of the solar system

In the center of the solar system is the Sun, around which eight planets move in their orbits: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

Until 2006, Pluto also belongs to this group of planets, it was considered the 9th planet from the Sun, however, due to its considerable distance from the Sun and its small size, it was excluded from this list and called a dwarf planet. Rather, it is one of several dwarf planets in the Kuiper Belt.

All the above planets are usually divided into two large groups: the terrestrial group and the gas giants.

The terrestrial group includes such planets as: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. They are distinguished by their small size and rocky surface, and in addition, they are located closer than the others to the Sun.

The gas giants include: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. They are characterized big sizes and the presence of rings, which are ice dust and rocky pieces. These planets are made up mostly of gas.

Sun

The sun is the star around which all the planets and moons in the solar system revolve. It is made up of hydrogen and helium. The Sun is 4.5 billion years old, only in the middle of its life cycle, gradually increasing in size. Now the diameter of the Sun is 1,391,400 km. In the same number of years, this star will expand and reach the orbit of the Earth.

The sun is the source of heat and light for our planet. Its activity increases or becomes weaker every 11 years.

Due to the extremely high temperatures on its surface, a detailed study of the Sun is extremely difficult, but attempts to launch a special apparatus as close as possible to the star continue.

Terrestrial group of planets

Mercury

This planet is one of the smallest in the solar system, its diameter is 4,879 km. In addition, it is closest to the Sun. This neighborhood predetermined a significant temperature difference. The average temperature on Mercury during the day is +350 degrees Celsius, and at night it is -170 degrees.

If we focus on the earth's year, then Mercury makes a complete revolution around the sun in 88 days, and one day there lasts 59 earth days. It was noticed that this planet can periodically change the speed of its rotation around the Sun, its distance from it and its position.

There is no atmosphere on Mercury, in connection with this, asteroids often attack it and leave behind a lot of craters on its surface. Sodium, helium, argon, hydrogen, oxygen were discovered on this planet.

A detailed study of Mercury presents great difficulties due to its close proximity to the Sun. Mercury can sometimes be seen from Earth with the naked eye.

According to one theory, it is believed that Mercury was previously a satellite of Venus, however, this assumption has not yet been proven. Mercury has no satellite.

Venus

This planet is the second from the Sun. In size, it is close to the diameter of the Earth, the diameter is 12,104 km. In all other respects, Venus is significantly different from our planet. A day here lasts 243 Earth days, and a year - 255 days. The atmosphere of Venus is 95% carbon dioxide, which creates a greenhouse effect on its surface. This leads to the fact that the average temperature on the planet is 475 degrees Celsius. The atmosphere also includes 5% nitrogen and 0.1% oxygen.

Unlike the Earth, most of whose surface is covered with water, there is no liquid on Venus, and almost the entire surface is occupied by solidified basaltic lava. According to one theory, there used to be oceans on this planet, however, as a result of internal heating, they evaporated, and the vapors were carried away by the solar wind into outer space. Near the surface of Venus, weak winds blow, however, at an altitude of 50 km, their speed increases significantly and amounts to 300 meters per second.

There are many craters and hills on Venus, reminiscent of terrestrial continents. The formation of craters is associated with the fact that earlier the planet had a less dense atmosphere.

A distinctive feature of Venus is that, unlike the other planets, its movement does not occur from west to east, but from east to west. It can be seen from Earth even without the help of a telescope after sunset or before sunrise. This is due to the ability of its atmosphere to reflect light well.

Venus has no satellite.

Earth

Our planet is located at a distance of 150 million km from the Sun, and this allows us to create on its surface a temperature suitable for the existence of water in liquid form, and, therefore, for the emergence of life.

Its surface is 70% covered with water, and it is the only one of the planets that has such an amount of liquid. It is believed that many thousands of years ago, the steam contained in the atmosphere created the temperature on the Earth's surface necessary for the formation of water in liquid form, and solar radiation contributed to photosynthesis and the birth of life on the planet.

The peculiarity of our planet is that under the earth's crust there are huge tectonic plates, which, moving, collide with each other and lead to a change in the landscape.

The diameter of the Earth is 12,742 km. An Earth day lasts 23 hours 56 minutes 4 seconds, and a year - 365 days 6 hours 9 minutes 10 seconds. Its atmosphere is 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and a small percentage of other gases. None of the atmospheres of other planets in the solar system has such an amount of oxygen.

According to scientists, the age of the Earth is 4.5 billion years, about the same time its only satellite, the Moon, exists. It is always turned to our planet with only one side. There are many craters, mountains and plains on the surface of the Moon. It reflects sunlight very weakly, so it can be seen from Earth in a pale moonshine.

Mars

This planet is the fourth in a row from the Sun and is 1.5 times more distant from it than the Earth. The diameter of Mars is smaller than Earth's and is 6,779 km. The average air temperature on the planet ranges from -155 degrees to +20 degrees at the equator. The magnetic field on Mars is much weaker than that of the Earth, and the atmosphere is quite rarefied, which allows unhindered solar radiation affect the surface. In this regard, if there is life on Mars, it is not on the surface.

When surveyed with the help of rovers, it was found that there are many mountains on Mars, as well as dried riverbeds and glaciers. The surface of the planet is covered with red sand. Iron oxide gives Mars its color.

One of the most frequent events on the planet are dust storms, which are voluminous and destructive. Geological activity on Mars could not be detected, however, it is reliably known that significant geological events took place on the planet earlier.

The atmosphere of Mars is 96% carbon dioxide, 2.7% nitrogen and 1.6% argon. Oxygen and water vapor are present in minimal quantities.

A day on Mars is similar in duration to that on Earth and is 24 hours 37 minutes 23 seconds. A year on the planet lasts twice as long as the earth - 687 days.

The planet has two moons Phobos and Deimos. They are small and uneven in shape, reminiscent of asteroids.

Sometimes Mars is also visible from Earth with the naked eye.

gas giants

Jupiter

This planet is the largest in the solar system and has a diameter of 139,822 km, which is 19 times larger than the earth. A day on Jupiter lasts 10 hours, and a year is approximately 12 Earth years. Jupiter is mainly composed of xenon, argon, and krypton. If it were 60 times larger, it could become a star due to a spontaneous thermonuclear reaction.

The average temperature on the planet is -150 degrees Celsius. The atmosphere is made up of hydrogen and helium. There is no oxygen or water on its surface. There is an assumption that there is ice in the atmosphere of Jupiter.

Jupiter has a huge number of satellites - 67. The largest of them are Io, Ganymede, Callisto and Europa. Ganymede is one of the largest moons in the solar system. Its diameter is 2634 km, which is approximately the size of Mercury. In addition, a thick layer of ice is visible on its surface, under which there may be water. Callisto is considered the oldest of the satellites, since it is its surface that has the largest number of craters.

Saturn

This planet is the second largest in the solar system. Its diameter is 116,464 km. It is most similar in composition to the Sun. A year on this planet lasts quite a long time, almost 30 Earth years, and a day is 10.5 hours. The average surface temperature is -180 degrees.

Its atmosphere consists mainly of hydrogen and a small amount of helium. Thunderstorms and auroras often occur in its upper layers.

Saturn is unique in that it has 65 moons and several rings. The rings are made up of small ice particles and rock formations. Ice dust perfectly reflects light, so the rings of Saturn are very clearly visible in a telescope. However, he is not the only planet to have a diadem, it is just less noticeable on other planets.

Uranus

Uranus is the third largest planet in the solar system and the seventh from the Sun. It has a diameter of 50,724 km. It is also called the "ice planet", as the temperature on its surface is -224 degrees. A day on Uranus lasts 17 hours, and a year is 84 Earth years. At the same time, summer lasts as long as winter - 42 years. Such a natural phenomenon due to the fact that the axis of that planet is located at an angle of 90 degrees to the orbit and it turns out that Uranus, as it were, "lies on its side."

Uranus has 27 moons. The most famous of them are: Oberon, Titania, Ariel, Miranda, Umbriel.

Neptune

Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun. In its composition and size, it is similar to its neighbor Uranus. The diameter of this planet is 49,244 km. A day on Neptune lasts 16 hours, and a year is equal to 164 Earth years. Neptune belongs to the ice giants and for a long time it was believed that no weather events occur on its icy surface. However, it has recently been found that Neptune has raging eddies and wind speeds the highest of the planets in the solar system. It reaches 700 km / h.

Neptune has 14 moons, the most famous of which is Triton. It is known that it has its own atmosphere.

Neptune also has rings. This planet has 6.

Interesting facts about the planets of the solar system

Compared to Jupiter, Mercury appears to be a dot in the sky. These are actually the proportions in the solar system:

Venus is often called the Morning and Evening Star, since it is the first of the stars visible in the sky at sunset and the last to disappear from visibility at dawn.

An interesting fact about Mars is the fact that methane was found on it. Due to the rarefied atmosphere, it is constantly evaporating, which means that the planet has a constant source of this gas. Such a source can be living organisms inside the planet.

Jupiter has no seasons. The biggest mystery is the so-called "Great Red Spot". Its origin on the surface of the planet is still not fully understood. Scientists suggest that it is formed by a huge hurricane that has been rotating at a very high speed for several centuries.

An interesting fact is that Uranus, like many planets in the solar system, has its own system of rings. Due to the fact that the particles that make up them reflect light poorly, the rings could not be detected immediately after the discovery of the planet.

Neptune has a rich blue color, so it was named after the ancient Roman god - the master of the seas. Due to its remote location, this planet was one of the last to be discovered. At the same time, its location was calculated mathematically, and over time it could be seen, and it was in the calculated place.

Light from the Sun reaches the surface of our planet in 8 minutes.

The solar system, despite its long and thorough study, is still fraught with many mysteries and mysteries that have yet to be revealed. One of the most fascinating hypotheses is the assumption of the presence of life on other planets, the search for which is actively continuing.

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Elena Taranenko

Developing lesson in the senior group on the topic: « solar system»

Taranenko Elena Sergeevna.

TsRD "Swifts".

Target: the formation of children's ideas about solar system.

Tasks:

To consolidate knowledge about the planets, their sequential arrangement from sun.

- Develop search and research activity: using experience to determine the annual rotation of the planets around sun and why on Earth there is a change of day and night.

Activate children's vocabulary on the topic « solar system» : planet, Sun, solar system, orbit, name of the planets.

- Develop connected speech.

- Develop logical thinking and imagination of children.

Contribute to the formation of communication skills.

Cultivate interest in sun, solar system.

To enrich the emotional world of children with new impressions, to improve the ability to work in a team.

materials: poster « solar system» , a painting depicting sun, parcel, candle, lantern, light bulb, split pictures with the image sun, a model of orbits on the floor made of ropes, a globe, a table lamp, white and red plasticine, headbands with the image of the planets solar system,TSO- audio recordings: E. Krylatov - Museum of the Institute of Time, Resurrection (Space music).

move lessons:

Children stand in a semicircle.

caregiver: Guys, greet each other. Give us your good mood, smile.

Today, an unusual package came to our kindergarten, in which there were these cards that looked like puzzles. Let's try to collect them and see what happens? (children collect puzzles to the music) Look guys, what did we get? (Correctly sun)

Reading a poem about sun.

The cloud hides behind the forest,

Looks sun from heaven.

And so pure

Good, radiant.

If we got him

We would kiss him.

Check if there are other items in the package. (I show the children a candle, a flashlight, an electric light bulb).

caregiver: What is the relationship between these items and sun? (That these items, like sun, sources of light. But artificial.)

caregiver: Name natural light sources (sun, moon, bonfire).

caregiver: Correctly! What is the main light source? it Sun! Who among you knows riddles and proverbs about Sun! (Children name and determine that this is a riddle or proverb)

Children: 1) A golden apple rolls on a blue saucer.

2) The red girl walks in the sky.

3) We cry without it, but when it appears, we hide from it.

4) I will get up early, white and ruddy,

Yes, how to let down golden hair,

Let me go up the mountain

Both man and beast will rejoice.

5) What is higher than the forest,

More beautiful than the world

It burns without fire.

6) He looks at the whole world, he does not order to look at himself.

7) Without me there will be no light,

There will be no summer without me.

In the morning I knock on the window:

Wake up, it's out Sun!

8) You warm the whole world

You don't know fatigue

Smiling at the window

And everyone calls you... (sun) .

Proverbs: At the sun is warm, under mother good.

On the Sun you can't look at all.

You won't block the sun and you can't hide the truth.

The sun will rise and so the morning will come.

Conversation about Sun.

caregiver: What do you think Sun? What is it?

Children: Sun- this is a big, big, huge, very hot star, which is far from us.

caregiver: Why don't other stars warm our planet? (The stars are very far away and their light and heat do not reach the earth)

caregiver: If we became wizards and ended up on some star, what do you think we would see Sun? (We would see Sun in the form of a small twinkling star)

caregiver: And in fact What sun? (This is a huge hot ball that radiates heat and light) That's why Sun forms the center of our systems. (picture depicting sun)

caregiver: Is there life on Sun? (On the Sun no life because it is very hot there; but it gives us life: people, plants, animals)

caregiver: The sun is not alone, he has a family. Only these are not daughters and sons, but planets, satellites and other cosmic bodies that are very attached to sun. I want to tell everyone a family tale sun.

A woman lived in one heavenly house and she had eight children, whom her mother dearly loved, the children were terrible fidgets and mischievous people. For example, the mother of all the children will call for dinner, but only six come running. Where are the other two? And let's look for them everywhere! Runs, weeps until he finds. And the kids started playing, they forgot that their mother was waiting. And so every day, and so in everyone: either one or the other will forget about mother's order. The poor mother got tired and turned to the Sorceress Galaxy for help. The sorceress listened to her and decided that it was useless to violate the heavenly order and declared that from now on, eight naughty children would turn into balls as punishment, and would always be near their mother, moving around her at different distances from one another. Farthest from the mother will be the most naughty children who will hardly get her warmth, closer - more obedient. Since then, it has been that way! Walk near mom sunshine there are eight planets in a circle and they cannot escape from it anywhere.

Question: What is the name of the family sun? (Family The sun is called the solar system)

caregiver: What do you guys think, why?

Children's answers.

caregiver: True, because the main thing is Sun. In family The sun reigns order: no one pushes, interferes with each other and does not offend each other. Each planet has its own path along which it runs around sun. What is the name of the path along which the planet moves? (Orbit) Now look closely at the diagram. solar system(consideration of the scheme). How many paths-orbits around sun? (children's answers)

caregiver: Yes, as many as there are eight planets.

Look carefully: are the orbital tracks all the same or did you notice any differences? (They vary in length)

What planets do you know?

III. The game « solar system» .

caregiver: Let's imagine that we are planets solar system. Choose your own planet (children choose hats that depict planets). Planets to the music begin to move around sun as soon as the music ends take their places in solar system.

And now Lisa will tell poem:

There is no air in outer space

And eight different planets are circling there.

BUT Sun- a star in the center systems,

And we are all connected by attraction.

Sun-star huge ball

The light radiates like a fire.

Well, the planets reflect that light,

Sunshine they adore!

caregiver: Now let's check if the planets are correct took their places. In order, all the planets will be named by any of us:

Once ... Mercury (child answers).

Two... Venus (child answers).

Three ... Earth,

Four... Mars.

Five ... Jupiter,

Six ... Saturn,

Seven... Uranus,

Behind him ... Neptune.

He is eighth in line.

caregiver A: Just now, what did you show? (That all the planets revolve around sun.) The time it takes them to complete a full circle around sun called... Right "year". way around sun every planet is different, why?

Children: The closer to The sun is a planet, the shorter its path around it, the farther the planet is from sun, the longer the road will be.

caregiver: On Earth, a year lasts who knows how many days (365) or how many months (12) . During this time there are different seasons. Name them. While the Earth rotates every 3 months there is a change of seasons. The earth will go full circle around sun and a new year will begin.

caregiver: Sun ever rest? What does it do at night?

What do you think, The sun is moving? (children's guesses) The sun doesn't move, it is in the same place. But The sun never rests. The sun is a perpetual motion machine, hard worker: always shines, always warms. But our planet Earth does not stand still, it spins all the time. And in turn substitutes The sun is one side, then another, then a third, then a fourth.

V. Game " "Cosmonauts"».

caregiver: And now I suggest you play a little. Hoops are laid out in the middle of the hall - these are the places for astronauts. Children go around the hall in a circle, speaking:

Fast rockets are waiting for us To walk around the planets. Whatever we want, We'll fly to such. But in the game alone secret: No place for latecomers!

With the end of the words, the children scatter around the rocket launcher, and each trying to take place in any of the missiles. There are 2-3 fewer seats in rockets than astronauts. Rules games: You can not start moving until the words are spoken "No room for latecomers!". Can't be pushed out "Rockets". Latecomers are considered losers and sit on the bench

What have you learned? What is Sun? How many planets?