Objectivity of assessments is ensured by:
Independence of the certification body and the experts involved by it from the applicant or other parties interested in the results of assessment and certification;
The completeness of the composition of the commission of experts. Together, the commission must have knowledge of quality system standards, inspection techniques, as well as the features of production and regulatory requirements for it. The commission must include a specialist in the type of economic activity being checked. If necessary, the commission may include specialists in metrology, economics, etc.;
The competence of the experts conducting the certification. Experts must be certified for the right to conduct quality system certification or production certification and are registered in the Register of Experts of the GOST R Certification System.
Reproducibility of the results of inspections and assessments of quality systems
The reproducibility of the results of inspections and assessments is ensured by:
Application during inspections and assessments of quality systems (production) rules and procedures based on uniform requirements;
Conducting audits and assessments based on evidence;
Documentation of the results of inspections and assessments of quality systems;
A clear organization of the system of accounting and storage of documentation by the certification body.
Confidentiality
The certification body, its experts and all specialists involved in the work of the commission (including trainees) must keep confidential all information about organizations obtained at all stages of certification, as well as conclusions characterizing the state of the quality system (production). Conditions for compliance with the confidentiality of information are provided:
For the staff of the certification body - establishing confidentiality requirements in job descriptions;
Confidentiality of orders of the head of the body;
For personnel involved in certification work, by establishing confidentiality requirements in labor contracts concluded between the certification body and involved specialists;
For interns - by establishing confidentiality requirements under the conditions of the audited organization.
informative
The Register shall ensure quarterly publication of official information on certified quality systems (production facilities) of certificate holders. In addition, operational sources of information (periodicals of Rosstandart of Russia and its institutions) should publish current information on issued certificates of conformity of quality systems and production, suspension or cancellation of their validity.
The official source of information on the above issues is the consolidated list of certified quality systems and production facilities of the Register.
Specialization of bodies for certification of quality systems
Certification bodies should be specialized in areas of accreditation in accordance with the classification by type of economic activity adopted in the GOST R Certification System. ) for certification of quality systems, for certification of production, for certification of products, for certification of services, as well as technical experts (own and / or involved), specialized in the relevant types of economic activity.
Verification of compliance with the requirements for products (services) in the legally regulated area
Subject to the presentation of mandatory requirements for products (services) established in accordance with applicable law Russian Federation in state standards or other documents during the certification of quality systems (certification of production) they check the ability of the organization to ensure compliance with these requirements.
Reliability of evidence on the part of the applicant of compliance of the quality system (production) with regulatory requirements
When certifying quality systems, the certification body evaluates the reliability of the applicant's evidence on the fulfillment of the requirements of GOST R ISO 9001.
Head of Rosobrnadzor: Regions should use the results of evaluation procedures to improve the quality of education
The objectivity of all assessment procedures in education, from the state final certification to the All-Russian verification work and final essays, and building an effective system for using the results of this assessment to improve the quality school education- such tasks were set for the regional education authorities in Russia by the head of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Education and Science Sergey Kravtsov during the All-Russian meeting "Prospects for the development of regional education systems."
“The latest results of international studies of the quality of education have shown that Russia has made a serious leap forward. Among other things, this happened due to the achievement of objectivity in the assessment in the final certification in 11 classes, ”Sergey Kravtsov noted.
However, according to him, when conducting other evaluation procedures, such as the All-Russian verification work and the final essay, there are problems with the objectivity of evaluation. This will be taken into account in the transition to a new model of control and supervision in education at the federal and regional levels. Schools that demonstrate abnormal performance on the results of evaluation procedures, the reliability of which there is reason to doubt, will become the objects of inspections in the first place.
Sergey Kravtsov spoke about the constituent elements and principles of building a unified system for assessing the quality of education, which has now been created in Russia and includes the state final certification in grades 9 and 11, All-Russian test works (VPR), national studies of the quality of education (NIKO), international comparative studies of the quality of education; and studies of teachers' competencies.
“Our next task is to link all assessment procedures with the work of the inspection, advanced training institutes and methodological rooms. The results of the evaluation procedures should be analyzed and used in practical work. Everything should work in the system and for development,” said the head of Rosobrnadzor.
The Federal Institute for the Assessment of Educational Quality (FIOKO) now accumulates in a single system the results of all assessment procedures at the federal level. According to Sergey Kravtsov, similar centers need to be created in the regions on the basis of regional information processing centers (RTsOI).
These centers should conduct all areas of research on the quality of education in the region (VPR, NIKO, participation in international studies) and analyze the obtained data. The results of this analysis should be used by regional education authorities, advanced training institutes and methodological services to work with every school and teacher.
Another urgent task for the regions, according to the head of Rosobrnadzor, is the formation of an expert community to assess the quality of education. It is necessary to involve teachers and directors who show high results as experts in the control and supervision activities in relation to schools, so that during the inspection they can help the audited school to form a development program.
During the meeting, Deputy Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Irina Kuznetsova spoke about the work carried out by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia to improve the quality Russian education. Among the urgent tasks, she named the modernization of federal state educational standards in which it is necessary to articulate learning outcomes more clearly, both in relation to the content of education in academic disciplines, as well as in relation to the personal results of students. Also, according to her, it is necessary to focus on targeted work with schools that have low educational outcomes, improving the system teacher education and teacher development systems.
“It is necessary to expand the system of independent objective assessment of the quality of student training, including by building a system of All-Russian testing works that allow not only to develop the practice of objective assessment in schools, but also to formulate common approaches for the whole country to the selection of the key content of education and the system for assessing learning outcomes”, - said the Deputy Minister.
And about. Head of Department public policy in the field general education Ministry of Education and Science of Russia Irina Manuylova focused on improving corporate culture pedagogical community in questions of assessing the knowledge of schoolchildren.
“The task of the school is not to prepare the student for the final certification and some other verification procedures, but to organize the development of the full educational program, which is adopted, and at each stage of its development by each student, evaluate objectively, taking appropriate measures that will contribute to the adjustment of individual curricula and ensure the gradual achievement of sufficiently high results for each student,” said Irina Manuilova.
She also stated the need to modernize the work of regional institutes for advanced training of teachers. The professional development programs that they implement have often not changed over the years and do not take into account the problems in the education system of the region identified as a result of various evaluation procedures.
current score is a procedure evaluation of individual progress in mastering the curriculum of the subject. The current assessment can be formative, i.e. supporting and guiding the efforts of the student, and diagnostic, contributing to the identification and awareness of the teacher and students of the existing problems in learning. The object of the current assessment is the thematic planned results, the development stages of which are fixed in the thematic planning. The current assessment uses the entire arsenal of forms and methods of verification (oral and written surveys, practical work, creative work, individual and group forms, self- and mutual assessment, reflection, progress sheets, etc.), taking into account the characteristics of the subject and the characteristics of the control and evaluation teacher's activities. The results of the current assessment are the basis for the individualization of the educational process; at the same time, individual results indicating the success of training and the achievement of thematic results in a shorter (compared to those planned by the teacher) terms can be included in the cumulative assessment system and serve as a basis, for example, to free the student from the need to perform thematic test work 11 .
Thematic evaluation is a procedure assessment of the level of achievement thematic planned results in the subject, which are recorded in educational methodological sets recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. For subjects introduced by the educational organization independently, the thematic planned results are established by the educational organization itself. Thematic assessment can be conducted both during the study of the topic and at the end of its study. Evaluation procedures are selected so that they provide for the possibility of assessing the achievement of the entire set of planned results and each of them. The results of the thematic assessment are the basis for the correction of the educational process and its individualization.
Portfolio is a procedure estimatesdynamics of educational and creative activity student, orientation, breadth or selectivity of interests, the severity of manifestations of creative initiative, as well as levelhighest achievements shown to these students. The portfolio includes both the student's work (including photos, videos, etc.) and reviews of these works (for example, award lists, diplomas, certificates of participation, reviews, etc.). Selection of works and reviews for the portfolio conducted by the students themselves together with the class teacher and with the participation of the family. The inclusion of any materials in the portfolio without the consent of the student is not allowed. A portfolio in terms of a selection of documents is formed electronically during all the years of study at the basic school. The results presented in the portfolio are used in developing recommendations for choosing an individual educational trajectory at the level of secondary general education and can be reflected in the characteristic.
Intraschool monitoring is a procedure :
assessment of the level of achievement of subject and meta-subject results;
assessment of the level of achievement of that part of personal results, which are associated with behavior assessment, diligence, as well as with an assessment of educational independence, readiness and ability to make an informed choice of a training profile;
assessing the level of professional skills of a teacher, carried out on the basis of administrative tests, analysis of the lessons attended, analysis of the quality of training tasks offered by the teacher to students.
The content and frequency of intra-school monitoring is established by the decision of the pedagogical council. The results of intra-school monitoring are the basis for recommendations both for the current correction of the educational process and its individualization, and for improving the teacher's qualifications. The results of intra-school monitoring in terms of assessing the level of students' achievements are summarized and reflected in their characteristics.
Intermediate certification is a procedure for assessing students at the level of basic general education and is carried out at the end of each quarter (or at the end of each trimester) and at the end of school year for each subject studied. Intermediate certification is carried out on the basis of the results of the accumulated assessment and the results of thematic verification work and is recorded in the document on education (diary).
An interim assessment that records the achievement of substantive planned results and universal learning activities at a level not lower than the basic one, is the basis for transferring to the next class and for admitting the student to the state final certification. During the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard, in the case of using standardized measuring materials, the criterion for achieving / mastering the educational material is set as completing at least 50% of the basic level tasks or receiving 50% of the maximum score for completing the basic level tasks. In the future, this criterion should be at least 65%.
The procedure for conducting intermediate certification is regulated by the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" (Article 58) and others regulations.
State final certification
In accordance with Article 59 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation", the state final certification (hereinafter referred to as the GIA) is a mandatory procedure that completes the development of the main educational program of basic general education. The procedure for conducting the GIA is regulated by the Law and other regulations 12 .
The purpose of the GIA is to establish the level of educational achievements of graduates. GIA includes two mandatory exams (in Russian and mathematics). Students take exams in other academic subjects on a voluntary basis of their choice. The GIA is carried out in the form of the main state exam (OGE) using control measuring materials, which are sets of tasks in a standardized form and in the form of oral and written exams using topics, tickets and other forms at the decision of the educational organization (state final exam - GVE).
final grade(final certification) in the subject consists of the results of internal and external evaluation. To the results external evaluation include the results of the GIA. To the results internal evaluation include the subject results recorded in the cumulative assessment system and the results of the final work on the subject . This approach makes it possible to ensure the completeness of the coverage of the planned results and to identify the cumulative effect of training, which provides an increase in the depth of understanding of the material being studied and the freedom to operate with it. For subjects not submitted to the GIA, the final grade is based on the results of only the internal assessment.
The final grade in the subject is recorded in a document on the level of education of the state standard - a certificate of basic general education.
final grade for interdisciplinary programs is set on the basis of the results of intra-school monitoring and is recorded in the student's profile.
Characteristic prepared on the basis of:
objective indicators of educational achievements of a student at the level of basic education,
graduate portfolio;
expert assessments class teacher and teachers who taught this graduate at the level of basic general education.
Graduate profile:
the educational achievements of the student in the development of personal, meta-subject and subject results are noted;
pedagogical recommendations are given for the choice of an individual educational trajectory at the level of secondary general education, taking into account the choice of areas of profile education for students, identified problems and noted educational achievements.
“We can set ourselves a goal of a new level and a different scale - to make Russian school one of the best in the world" Vladimir Putin
The last meeting of the State Council in the outgoing year was devoted to a topic that invariably provokes heated discussions in society - the quality of school education. Russian President Vladimir Putin has formulated an ambitious task: in the next 10 years Russian system education should become one of the best in the world.
A lot remains to be done to solve it: build and equip new schools, introduce advanced technologies into the educational process. Information Technology, create new system motivation and professional growth of teachers. The foundation of all future transformations aimed at improving the quality of education should be the creation of a comprehensive and objective system for assessing students' knowledge at all levels of education. As the head of Rosobrnadzor Sergey Kravtsov explained, it is about stimulating the development of education and the formation of a unified educational space through various evaluation procedures. “We need to build a full-fledged system, but for this we need results at all levels of education in order to identify and close problem areas,” said Sergey Kravtsov.
All-Russian test works, national studies of education quality assessment, studies of teachers' competence, and, of course, the results of an objective USE - all this together will make up a nationwide system for assessing the quality of education. “Its main function is not to punish, but to help develop both students and teachers. This applies not only to activities educational institutions but also the study of the professional competencies of teachers,” said the head of Rosobrnadzor. To conduct research at all levels of education and summarize their results, the department has already created the Federal Institute for Educational Quality Evaluation (FIOKO). The data he collects will be used to improve educational standards and improve the skills of teachers. In addition, the Institute will generalize the results of all-Russian verification work, which will be carried out by schools at the end of each academic year. This year, the mechanisms for conducting All-Russian verification work, National studies of the quality of education have been successfully tested. Now it is important that the conclusions from the results of these studies serve as a basis for developing a support system for weak schools, creating motivation for expanding the activities of institutes for advanced training of teachers.
“Despite the fact that we have already taken confident steps to ensure the objectivity of the system for assessing the quality of education, following the results of the State Council, we received additional guidelines for ourselves,” Sergey Kravtsov said.
According to him, the focus on objectivity will be a key task for Rosobrnadzor, and the main goal is to obtain real data on the quality and results of education for making further decisions to improve the education system. The Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science is constantly developing various tools for an objective assessment of the quality of education and is taking steps to strengthen control over the objectivity of the final assessment of students.
So, the GIA in the 9th grade next year will be held under the selective control of public observers. This was recently stated by the head of the department, Sergei Kravtsov, speaking at the conference "National studies of the quality of education: results and prospects."
According to him, it is necessary to objectively conduct all examination procedures in schools, and not just the Unified State Examination, organized at the federal level.
“Often we see that exams without federal control are biased. When a student receives a good grade in GIA-9, without having the appropriate knowledge, and then moves on to high school, he has problems with passing the exam", - said the head of Rosobrnadzor. He added that the lack of proper control over exams in the ninth grade "disincentives students to study," and only an objective examination will force students to prepare for it responsibly.
The head of Rosobrnadzor recalled that in the current academic year, within the framework of GIA-9, schoolchildren will have to take not only the compulsory Russian language and mathematics, but also two elective subjects. Rosobrnadzor notes that studies of the quality of education indicate a deterioration in the performance of schoolchildren after the fifth grade in a number of regions. The most problematic area is the main school, grades 6-8, so the main focus should be placed on working with it and improving the skills of teachers in the main school.
Since 2014, Rosobrnadzor has been conducting National Education Quality Surveys (NIKO) to identify existing gaps in students' knowledge. Next year, such studies will be held in history, social science and foreign languages. Also, the department has begun work to study the professional competencies of teachers, since the certification that teachers pass is often carried out formally and does not reveal problem areas in their work. This academic year, Rosobrnadzor will assess the competencies of teachers of the Russian language, mathematics and literature. Sergey Kravtsov expressed hope that the All-Russian Testing Works (VPR), which were tested in December 2015, could become another tool for an objective assessment of schoolchildren's knowledge. Their results will be entered into the federal database and analyzed.
In the Tambov region, one and a half thousand fourth-graders from twelve schools took part in the approbation of the All-Russian test papers in mathematics and the Russian language. According to the information of the regional organizers, the VPR took place as usual.
The test procedure itself did not differ much from the usual control. During one lesson (45 minutes), the students completed tasks in mathematics, which are designed to test the ability to count and apply mathematical knowledge. Tasks in the Russian language were divided into two days. In the first part, the guys wrote a dictation. The second part of the work on Russian included tasks to test reading literacy, as well as tasks testing knowledge of the basics of the Russian literary language system.
In order to explain to the public the essence of the All-Russian screening work, the Department of Education and Science held an action “VPR is not the Unified State Examination”, in which journalists from almost all regional media, as well as parents of fourth-graders of gymnasium No. 12 named after. G.R. Derzhavin of the city of Tambov. On December 8, at the same time as schoolchildren, adults were able to test their knowledge. For parents of gymnasium students, the staff of the institution prepared public lesson mathematics, the basis of which was the tasks included in the VPR. At the same time, the correspondents wrote a dictation and completed tasks in the Russian language. Parents were able to make sure that the VPR does not bear any additional burden on the children. At the end of the lesson, schoolchildren's parents and journalists were able to communicate with the regional organizers of the event. During the meeting, the director of the Tambov Center of Expertise educational activities Oleg Meksichev told the audience about the prospects for the introduction of VPR, as well as how the results of the work will affect the final progress of students. In particular, he emphasized that the VPR is not the USE, as many have argued. "Nothing like this. There is no exam in the 4th grade. In addition, this year the final assessment will not depend on the results of the VPR,” Oleg Meksichev noted. He explained what the All-Russian verification work is. According to him, the results of the VPR will first of all be required by the school to adjust the curriculum, to individual work teachers with each child, for the work of the deputy director with each teacher. “Based on the results, we will be able to judge where they teach better, where they teach worse, where they need to adjust curriculum. Based on these data, it will be possible to manage the quality of education,” said the head of the Center for Expertise in Educational Activities. VPR are designed to check how the federal state educational standard for different levels education.
The difference between VPR is that the work is carried out according to uniform tasks developed at the federal level and is checked according to uniform criteria. Thus, all children are on an equal footing. According to the organizers, in the future, All-Russian screening work will be carried out at the end of each academic year, and they will be implemented in stages: in 2016 - for grades 4, in 2017 - for grades 4 and 5, and so on.
As for the development of an objective assessment of students' knowledge, one of the ways to improve the quality of university education, according to Sergey Kravtsov, should be the assessment of students' knowledge by employers.
The objectivity of all assessment procedures in education, from the state final certification to the All-Russian test papers and final essays, and building an effective system for using the results of this assessment to improve the quality of school education - these are the tasks set for the regional education authorities in Russia by the head of the Federal Supervision Service in in the field of education and science Sergey Kravtsov during the All-Russian meeting "Prospects for the development of regional education systems."“The latest results of international studies of the quality of education have shown that Russia has made a serious leap forward. Among other things, this happened due to the achievement of objectivity in the assessment in the final certification in 11 classes, ”Sergey Kravtsov noted.
However, according to him, when conducting other evaluation procedures, such as the All-Russian verification work and the final essay, there are problems with the objectivity of evaluation. This will be taken into account in the transition to a new model of control and supervision in education at the federal and regional levels. Schools that demonstrate abnormal performance on the results of evaluation procedures, the reliability of which there is reason to doubt, will become the objects of inspections in the first place.
Sergey Kravtsov spoke about the constituent elements and principles of building a unified system for assessing the quality of education, which has now been created in Russia and includes the state final certification in grades 9 and 11, All-Russian test works (VPR), national studies of the quality of education (NIKO), international comparative studies of the quality of education; and studies of teachers' competencies.
“Our next task is to link all assessment procedures with the work of the inspection, advanced training institutes and methodological rooms. The results of evaluation procedures should be analyzed and used in practical work. Everything should work in the system and for development,” said the head of Rosobrnadzor.
The Federal Institute for the Assessment of Educational Quality (FIOKO) now accumulates in a single system the results of all assessment procedures at the federal level. According to Sergey Kravtsov, similar centers need to be created in the regions on the basis of regional information processing centers (RTsOI).
These centers should conduct all areas of research on the quality of education in the region (VPR, NIKO, participation in international studies) and analyze the data obtained. The results of this analysis should be used by regional educational authorities, advanced training institutes and methodological services to work with each school and teacher.
Another urgent task for the regions, according to the head of Rosobrnadzor, is the formation of an expert community to assess the quality of education. It is necessary to involve teachers and directors who show high results as experts in the control and supervision activities in relation to schools, so that during the inspection they can help the audited school to form a development program.
During the meeting, Deputy Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Irina Kuznetsova spoke about the work carried out by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science to improve the quality of Russian education. Among the urgent tasks, she named the modernization of federal state educational standards, in which it is necessary to more clearly formulate learning outcomes, both in terms of the content of education in academic disciplines, and in relation to the personal results of students. Also, according to her, it is necessary to focus on targeted work with schools with poor educational results, improving the system of teacher education and the system of advanced training for teachers.
“It is necessary to expand the system of independent objective assessment of the quality of student training, including by building a system of All-Russian testing works that allow not only to develop the practice of objective assessment in schools, but also to formulate common approaches for the whole country to the selection of the key content of education and the system for assessing learning outcomes”, - said the Deputy Minister.
And about. Irina Manuylova, Head of the Department of State Policy in the Sphere of General Education of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, focused on improving the corporate culture of the pedagogical community in assessing the knowledge of schoolchildren.
“The task of the school is not to prepare the student for the final attestation and some other verification procedures, but to organize the development of the educational program that has been adopted in full, and at each stage of its development by each student to assess objectively, taking appropriate measures that will contribute to adjusting individual curricula and ensure the gradual achievement of sufficiently high results for each student,” said Irina Manuylova.
She also stated the need to modernize the work of regional institutes for advanced training of teachers. The professional development programs that they implement have often not changed over the years and do not take into account the problems in the education system of the region identified as a result of various evaluation procedures.
During the meeting, Rosobrnadzor specialists discussed with representatives of the regions topical issues of preparing and conducting the state final certification in grades 9 and 11 and the All-Russian test work in 2017.
