Direction "Reason and feelings" of the final essay 2016-2017 in literature: examples, samples, analysis of works

Examples of writing essays on literature in the direction of "Reason and feelings". Statistics are given for each essay. Some essays are school, and use as ready samples on the final essay is not recommended.

These works can be used to prepare for the final essay. They are intended to form the students' idea of ​​the full or partial disclosure of the topic of the final essay. We recommend using them as an additional source of ideas when creating your own presentation of the topic disclosure.

Reason and feeling: can they possess a person at the same time or are these concepts mutually exclusive of one another? Is it true that in a fit of feelings a person commits both vile deeds and great discoveries that drive evolution and progress? What is a dispassionate mind capable of, a cold calculation? The search for answers to these questions has occupied the best minds of mankind since life appeared. And this dispute, which is more important - reason or feeling - has been going on since antiquity, and everyone has their own answer. “People live by feelings,” says Erich Maria Remarque, but immediately adds that in order to realize this, reason is needed.

On the pages of world fiction, the problem of the influence of feelings and the mind of a person is raised very often. So, for example, in Leo Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace" two types of heroes appear: on the one hand, this is the impulsive Natasha Rostova, the sensitive Pierre Bezukhov, the fearless Nikolai Rostov, on the other hand, the arrogant and prudent Helen Kuragina and her brother, callous Anatole. Many conflicts in the novel come precisely from the excess of feelings of the characters, whose ups and downs are very interesting to watch. A striking example of how a burst of feelings, thoughtlessness, ardor of character, impatient youth influenced the fate of the heroes is the case of Natasha's betrayal, because for her, funny and young, it was incredibly long to wait for her wedding with Andrei Bolkonsky, could she subdue her unexpectedly flashed feelings for Anatole the voice of reason? Here, a real drama of mind and feelings unfolds in front of us in the soul of the heroine, she faces a difficult choice: leave her fiancé and leave with Anatole, or not succumb to a momentary impulse and wait for Andrei. It was in favor of feelings that this difficult choice was made, only chance prevented Natasha. We cannot condemn the girl, knowing her impatient nature and thirst for love. It was feelings that dictated Natasha's impulse, after which she regretted her act when she analyzed it.

It was the feeling of boundless, all-consuming love that helped Margarita reunite with her lover in Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita. The heroine, without a second's hesitation, gives her soul to the devil and goes with him to the ball, where the killers and hangmen kiss her knee. Having abandoned a secure, measured life in a luxurious mansion with a loving husband, she rushes into an adventurous adventure with evil spirits. Here is a vivid example of how a person, having chosen a feeling, created his happiness.

Thus, the statement of Erich Maria Remarque is absolutely true: guided only by reason, a person can live, but it will be a colorless, dull and joyless life, only feelings give life indescribably bright colors, leaving emotionally filled memories. As the great classic Leo Tolstoy wrote: “If we assume that human life can be controlled by reason, then the very possibility of life will be destroyed.”

(403 words)

Should reason take precedence over feelings? In my opinion, there is no single answer to this question. In some situations, you should listen to the voice of reason, and in other situations, on the contrary, you need to act in accordance with feelings. Let's look at a few examples.

So, if a person is possessed by negative feelings, one should curb them, listen to the arguments of reason. For example, A. Mass "Difficult Exam" refers to a girl named Anya Gorchakova, who managed to withstand a difficult test. The heroine dreamed of becoming an actress, she wanted her parents to come to the performance at the children's camp and appreciate her game. She tried very hard, but she was disappointed: on the appointed day, her parents never arrived. Overwhelmed by a sense of desperation, she decided not to go on stage. The reasonable arguments of the teacher helped her cope with her feelings. Anya realized that she should not let her comrades down, she needed to learn to control herself and complete her task, no matter what. And so it happened, she played the best. The writer wants to teach us a lesson: no matter how strong negative feelings are, we must be able to cope with them, listen to the mind, which tells us the right decision.

However, the mind does not always give the right advice. Sometimes it happens that actions dictated by rational arguments lead to negative consequences. Let us turn to A. Likhanov's story "Labyrinth". The father of the protagonist Tolik was passionate about his work. He enjoyed designing machine parts. When he talked about it, his eyes sparkled. But at the same time, he earned little, but he could have moved to the shop and received a higher salary, as his mother-in-law constantly reminded him of. It would seem that this is a more reasonable decision, because the hero has a family, has a son, and he should not depend on the pension of an elderly woman - mother-in-law. In the end, yielding to the pressure of the family, the hero sacrificed his feelings for reason: he abandoned his favorite business in favor of earning money. What did it lead to? Tolik's father felt deeply unhappy: “The eyes are sick and as if calling. They call for help, as if a person is scared, as if he was mortally wounded. If earlier he was possessed by a bright feeling of joy, now it is a deaf longing. This was not the kind of life he dreamed of. The writer shows that decisions that are not always reasonable at first glance are correct, sometimes, listening to the voice of reason, we doom ourselves to moral suffering.

Thus, we can conclude: when deciding whether to act in accordance with reason or feelings, a person must take into account the characteristics of a particular situation.

(375 words)

Should a person live in obedience to feelings? In my opinion, there is no single answer to this question. In some situations, one should listen to the voice of the heart, and in other situations, on the contrary, one should not succumb to feelings, one should listen to the arguments of reason. Let's look at a few examples.

So, in the story of V. Rasputin "French Lessons" it is said about the teacher Lidia Mikhailovna, who could not remain indifferent to the plight of her student. The boy was starving and, in order to get money for a glass of milk, he gambled. Lidia Mikhailovna tried to invite him to the table and even sent him a parcel with food, but the hero rejected her help. Then she decided to take extreme measures: she herself began to play with him for money. Of course, the voice of reason could not help but tell her that she was violating ethical standards relationship between a teacher and a student, transgresses the boundaries of what is permitted, that she will be fired for this. But the feeling of compassion prevailed, and Lidia Mikhailovna violated the generally accepted rules of the teacher's behavior in order to help the child. The writer wants to convey to us the idea that “good feelings” are more important than reasonable norms.

However, sometimes it happens that a person is possessed by negative feelings: anger, resentment. Overwhelmed by them, he commits bad deeds, although, of course, he is consciously aware that he is doing evil. The consequences can be tragic. A. Mass's story "The Trap" describes the act of a girl named Valentina. The heroine has a dislike towards his brother's wife Rita. This feeling is so strong that Valentina decides to set a trap for her daughter-in-law: to dig a hole and disguise it so that Rita, having stepped on it, will fall. The girl cannot but understand that she is doing a bad deed, but her feelings take precedence over reason in her. She carries out her plan, and Rita falls into a prepared trap. Only suddenly it turns out that she was in her fifth month of pregnancy and as a result of a fall she could lose a child. Valentina is horrified by what she has done. She did not want to kill anyone, especially a child! "How can I live on?" she asks and finds no answer. The author leads us to the idea that one should not succumb to the power of negative feelings, because they provoke cruel acts, which later will have to be bitterly regretted.
Thus, we can come to the conclusion: you can obey feelings if they are kind, bright; the negative ones should be curbed, listening to the voice of reason.

(344 words)

Often you can hear from people that they doubt between some specific desires, choosing what exactly to give preference to - the mind or feelings. Most often, such a choice is faced by those who have problems on the personal front - with their hearts they want to be with someone, but the mind tells them that, most likely, nothing good can be expected from such an alliance. Sometimes in such cases, the third, least studied and understandable element of human consciousness comes to the aid of a person - intuition. So what prevails in a person when making decisions - the mind, feelings or intuition? What is stronger? Answering this question, it should be said first of all that a person is a very individual creature. On the one hand, we all have two arms, two legs, a head and the rest of the organs, on the other hand, the differences in thoughts, psyche, mental and spiritual organization of some people are simply impressive. But in fact, there is nothing to be surprised here - it's just that people are different, this should be taken as a fact. It is for this reason that we can always find examples of those for whom the mind or feelings are more important, and even those who always rely on intuition. However, even recognizing that people are different and everyone is special in some way, it is worth recognizing that it is sometimes possible to divide people into some categories. For example, every day you can observe that women and men are completely different creatures that have not so much in common. With regards to the topic, we can say that often women are guided by feelings and intuition, but men in most cases prefer to use the mind. Although, of course, there are exceptions and they also need to be noticed. Perhaps there are other examples when certain categories of people prefer other means of perceiving reality - feelings, mind or intuition. I think that a person should be harmonious and perceive the world differently, depending on the situation. Of course, in most cases, you should use the mind - this way you will achieve greater success in serious matters with serious people, gain their respect and recognition. But it is impossible to refuse the use of other means of perception. A person will quickly get tired if he uses only the mind, forgetting about feelings and intuition. It is important to give yourself free rein, the opportunity to experiment in life, sometimes even at the cost of mistakes. It is also sometimes very important to use intuition, especially when a person is not helped by reason and feelings, or when he cannot choose between them. In general, summing up the results, I want to say that, probably, the mind is usually the strongest. This is good and normal, thanks to this the world around and develops. But it is not in vain that a person is given feelings and intuition, sometimes they can be given free rein and used to their heart's content.

The dispute between reason and feeling... This confrontation is eternal. Sometimes the voice of reason turns out to be stronger in us, and sometimes we follow the dictates of feelings. In some situations, there is no right choice. Listening to feelings, a person will sin against moral standards; listening to reason, he will suffer. There may not be a path that would lead to happy resolution situations.

So, in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" the author tells about the fate of Tatyana. In her youth, having fallen in love with Onegin, she, unfortunately, does not find reciprocity. Tatyana carries her love through the years, and finally Onegin is at her feet, he is passionately in love with her. It would seem that she dreamed about it. But Tatyana is married, she is aware of her duty as a wife, she cannot tarnish her honor and the honor of her husband. Reason prevails over her feelings in her, and she refuses Onegin. Above love, the heroine puts moral duty, marital fidelity, but condemns both herself and her lover to suffering. Could the heroes find happiness if she made a different decision? Hardly. A Russian proverb says: “You can’t build your other happiness on misfortune.” The tragedy of the heroine's fate is that the choice between reason and feeling in her situation is a choice without a choice, any decision will only lead to suffering.

Let us turn to the work of N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba". The writer shows what choice one of the heroes, Andriy, faced. On the one hand, he has a feeling of love for a beautiful Polish woman, on the other hand, he is a Cossack, one of those who besieged the city. The beloved understands that he and Andriy cannot be together: “And I know what your duty and covenant is: your name is father, comrades, fatherland, and we are your enemies.” But Andriy's feelings take precedence over all the arguments of reason. He chooses love, in the name of it he is ready to betray his homeland and family: “And what is my father, comrades and homeland to me!.. Fatherland is what our soul is looking for, which is dearest to her. My homeland is you! .. And everything that is, I will sell, give, ruin for such a homeland! The writer shows that a wonderful feeling of love can push a person to terrible deeds: we see that Andriy turns weapons against his former comrades, together with the Poles he fights against the Cossacks, including his brother and father. On the other hand, could he leave his beloved to die of hunger in a besieged city, perhaps become a victim of the cruelty of the Cossacks in the event of its capture? We see that in this situation the right choice is hardly possible, any path leads to tragic consequences.

Summing up what has been said, we can conclude that, reflecting on the dispute between reason and feeling, it is impossible to say unequivocally which should win.

(399 words)

People often say: “I feel…”. For example, I feel love for my girlfriend, I feel angry at a boor, I feel sad when friends do not call or write for a long time. This is so, for example - usually friends always call me on time or I call them myself. There are just so many feelings, they are so diverse!

What are feelings? Feeling, as I read in the dictionary, is an emotional process, it is a subjective attitude of a person to another person, to an object, to an object. Feelings are not controlled by consciousness, reason. How often we are faced with the fact that the mind tells us one thing, and feelings - quite another. For example, it is clear that this girl is a narcissistic liar who is only interested in going to restaurants and discos, but the guy still loves her. Often people are torn between the logical arguments of the mind and strong feelings. Until now, everyone chooses for himself what to listen to - feelings or logic. And there is no universal recipe for how to do it. Feelings are strong and weak, they are positive, neutral and negative. Love and hate are the strongest feelings that a person has. A strong feeling that someone experiences affects even that person's body. Eyes shine from love and joy, posture straightens, face glows. From anger and anger, facial features are twisted. Dejection lowers the shoulders. Anxiety gathers wrinkles on the forehead. Fear makes hands tremble, cheeks burn. In a few days of joy and happiness, a person seems to be transformed. And if you look at a person who has experienced hatred, envy, jealousy for a long time - and what a terrible impression he will make. It was like his soul was twisted. How to distinguish between feelings and emotions, because these two emotional processes are so closely related? Emotions, unlike feelings, have no object. For example, I am afraid of a dog - this is a feeling, but just fear is an emotion. Probably, a person's behavior depends more on feelings than on his rational considerations. No wonder so often we are advised not to succumb to our feelings and emotions. We try to suppress them if they are negative, but they still break through into the light. Sometimes they control us, sometimes we control them, turning anger into repentance, hatred into love, envy into admiration.

"A great man can also be due to his feelings - not only to the mind." (Theodore Dreiser)

"A great person can also be thanks to his feelings - not only to the mind," - Theodore Dreiser argued. Indeed, not only a scientist or commander can be called great. The greatness of a person can be concluded in bright thoughts, the desire to do good. Such feelings as mercy, compassion, can move us to noble deeds. Listening to the voice of feelings, a person helps people around him, makes the world a better place and becomes cleaner himself. I will try to support my idea with literary examples.

In B. Ekimov's story "The Night of Healing", the author tells about the boy Borka, who comes to his grandmother for the holidays. The old woman often sees wartime nightmares in her dreams, and this makes her scream at night. The mother gives the hero reasonable advice: “She will only start talking in the evening, and you shout:“ Be silent! She stops. We tried". Borka is going to do just that, but the unexpected happens: “the boy’s heart was flooded with pity and pain,” as soon as he heard the groans of his grandmother. He can no longer follow reasonable advice, he is dominated by a feeling of compassion. Borka soothes the grandmother until she falls asleep peacefully. He is willing to do this every night so that healing can come to her. The author wants to convey to us the idea of ​​the need to listen to the voice of the heart, to act in accordance with good feelings.

A. Aleksin tells about the same in the story “In the meantime, somewhere ...” Main character Sergei Emelyanov, accidentally reading a letter addressed to his father, learns about the existence of his ex-wife. The woman asks for help. It would seem that Sergei has nothing to do in her house, and his mind tells him to simply return her letter to her and leave. But sympathy for the grief of this woman, once abandoned by her husband, and now by her adopted son, makes him neglect the arguments of reason. Serezha decides to constantly visit Nina Georgievna, help her in everything, save her from the most terrible misfortune - loneliness. And when his father invites him to go on vacation to the sea, the hero refuses. Yes, of course, a trip to the sea promises to be exciting. Yes, you can write to Nina Georgievna and convince her that she should go to the camp with the guys, where she will be fine. Yes, you can promise to come to her during the winter holidays. But a sense of compassion and responsibility takes precedence in him over these considerations. After all, he promised Nina Georgievna to be with her and cannot become her new loss. Sergei is going to hand over a ticket to the sea. The author shows that sometimes actions dictated by a sense of mercy can help a person.

Thus, we come to the conclusion: a big heart, just like a big mind, can lead a person to true greatness. Good deeds and pure thoughts testify to the greatness of the soul.

(390 words)

An example of an essay on the topic: “Our mind sometimes brings us no less grief than our passions.” (Chamfort)

“Our mind sometimes brings us no less grief than our passions,” Chamfort argued. And indeed, there is grief from the mind. Making a reasonable decision at first glance, a person can make a mistake. This happens when the mind and heart are not in harmony, when all his feelings protest against the chosen path, when, having acted in accordance with the arguments of the mind, he feels unhappy.

Let's turn to literary examples. A. Aleksin in the story "In the meantime, somewhere ..." talks about a boy named Sergey Emelyanov. The protagonist accidentally learns about the existence of his father's ex-wife and about her misfortune. Once her husband left her, and this was a heavy blow for the woman. But now a much more terrible test awaits her. The adopted son decided to leave her. He found his biological parents and chose them. Shurik does not even want to say goodbye to Nina Georgievna, although she raised him from childhood. When he leaves, he takes all his things. He is guided by seemingly reasonable considerations: he does not want to upset his adoptive mother with goodbye, he believes that his things will only remind her of her grief. He realizes that it is difficult for her, but considers it reasonable to live with her newly found parents. Aleksin emphasizes that with his actions, so deliberate and balanced, Shurik inflicts a cruel blow on the woman who loves him selflessly, causing her inexpressible pain. The writer leads us to the idea that sometimes reasonable actions can cause grief.

A completely different situation is described in A. Likhanov's story "Labyrinth". The father of the protagonist Tolik is passionate about his work. He enjoys designing machine parts. When he talks about it, his eyes sparkle. But at the same time, he earns little, but he can move to the shop and receive a higher salary, as his mother-in-law constantly reminds him of. It would seem that this is a more reasonable decision, because the hero has a family, has a son, and he should not depend on the pension of an elderly woman - mother-in-law. In the end, yielding to the pressure of the family, the hero sacrifices his feelings for reason: he refuses his favorite job in favor of earning money. What does this lead to? Tolik's father feels deeply unhappy: “The eyes are sick and as if calling. They call for help, as if a person is scared, as if he was mortally wounded.

If earlier he was possessed by a bright feeling of joy, now it is a deaf longing. This is not the kind of life he dreams of. The writer shows that decisions that are not always reasonable at first glance are correct, sometimes, listening to the voice of reason, we doom ourselves to moral suffering.

Summing up what has been said, I would like to express the hope that a person, following the advice of reason, will not forget about the voice of feelings.

(398 words)

Every person must have a sense of self-worth - this is, first of all, a sense of self-respect, an understanding of one's role in life, the ability to remain in any situation a good man who follows his principles.

But this feeling does not appear from birth. It should be brought up in a child from childhood by his parents, educators in kindergarten, teachers at school. It is they who explain to the child how to behave in society, what can and cannot be done. They tell him what is good and what is bad.

They lucidly explain what it means to be merciful, honest, brave and help those who are in trouble.

A person who has developed self-esteem will try to study well so that he has excellent grades, and along with the accumulation of knowledge, self-esteem constantly grows. Such a person will never laugh at a comrade who has stumbled and fallen, but will calmly give his hand to get him up. A person full of self-esteem will never get into a quarrel and prove his case, choking on a cry, and all arguments will be calm and balanced. And if a person with this quality is wrong, he will definitely ask for forgiveness.

My self-esteem was brought up by my parents, who from childhood told me that I was the best, kind and good. But because of this, I didn’t turn up my nose, but on the contrary, now I’m trying to become even better so that my parents are proud of me. I try to study well, help my classmates with their studies, help my parents around the house, read books to develop spiritually, be polite with everyone, and also carefully monitor my appearance and manners. But most importantly, in any even the most difficult situation, I try not to lose my temper and be the best in everything.

What rules the world - reason or feeling? At first glance, it seems that the mind dominates. He invents, plans, controls. However, man is not only a rational being, but also endowed with feelings. He hates and loves, rejoices and suffers. And it is the feelings that allow him to feel happy or unhappy. Moreover, it is the feelings that make him create, invent, change the world. If there were no feelings, the mind would not create its outstanding creations.

Let us recall the novel by J. London "Martin Eden". The main character studied a lot, became famous writer. But what prompted him to work on himself day and night, to tirelessly create? The answer is simple: it is the feeling of love. Martin's heart was won by a girl from high society, Ruth Morse. In order to win her favor, to win her heart, Martin tirelessly improves himself, overcomes obstacles, endures need and hunger on the way to writing. It is love that inspires him, helps him find himself and reach the heights. Without this feeling, he would have remained a simple semi-literate sailor, would not have written his outstanding works.

Let's turn to another example. The novel by V. Kaverin "Two Captains" describes how the main character Sanya devoted himself to searching for the missing expedition of Captain Tatarinov. He managed to prove that it was Ivan Lvovich who had the honor of discovering the Northern Land. What prompted Sanya to go to his goal for many years? Cold mind? Not at all. He was driven by a sense of justice, because for many years it was believed that the captain died through his own fault: he "carelessly handled state property." In fact, the true culprit was Nikolai Antonovich, because of which most of the equipment turned out to be unusable. He was in love with the wife of Captain Tatarinov and deliberately doomed him to death. Sanya accidentally found out about this and most of all wanted justice to prevail. It was the sense of justice and love of truth that prompted the hero to relentless search and ultimately led to a historical discovery.

Summing up all that has been said, we can conclude: the world is ruled by feelings. To paraphrase the famous phrase of Turgenev, we can say that only they keep and move life. Feelings induce our mind to create something new, to make discoveries.

(309 words)

"Mind and feelings: harmony or confrontation?" (Chamfort)

Reason and feelings: harmony or confrontation? It seems that there is no single answer to this question. Of course, it happens that the mind and feelings coexist in harmony. Moreover, as long as there is this harmony, we do not ask ourselves such questions. It's like air: while it's there, we don't notice it, but if it's not enough... However, there are situations when mind and feelings come into conflict. Probably, every person at least once in his life felt that his "mind and heart are out of tune." An internal struggle arises, and it is difficult to imagine what will prevail: reason or heart.

So, for example, in A. Aleksin's story "In the meantime, somewhere ..." we see the confrontation between reason and feelings. The main character Sergei Emelyanov, having accidentally read a letter addressed to his father, learns about the existence of his ex-wife. The woman asks for help. It would seem that Sergei has nothing to do in her house, and his mind tells him to simply return her letter to her and leave. But sympathy for the grief of this woman, once abandoned by her husband, and now by her adopted son, makes him neglect the arguments of reason. Serezha decides to constantly visit Nina Georgievna, help her in everything, save her from the most terrible misfortune - loneliness. And when his father offers him to go on vacation to the sea, the hero refuses. Yes, of course, a trip to the sea promises to be exciting. Yes, you can write to Nina Georgievna and convince her that she should go to the camp with the guys, where she will be fine. Yes, you can promise to come to her during the winter holidays. All this is quite reasonable. But a sense of compassion and responsibility takes precedence in him over these considerations. After all, he promised Nina Georgievna to be with her and cannot become her new loss. Sergei is going to hand over a ticket to the sea. The author shows that the feeling of compassion wins.

Let us turn to the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". The author tells about the fate of Tatyana. In her youth, having fallen in love with Onegin, she, unfortunately, does not find reciprocity. Tatyana carries her love through the years, and finally Onegin is at her feet, he is passionately in love with her. It would seem that she dreamed about it. But Tatyana is married, she is aware of her duty as a wife, she cannot tarnish her honor and the honor of her husband. Reason prevails over her feelings in her, and she refuses Onegin. Above love, the heroine puts moral duty, marital fidelity.

Summing up what has been said, I would like to add that reason and feelings underlie our being. I would like them to balance each other, allow us to live in harmony with ourselves and with the world around us.

(388 words)

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>Compositions based on the work of Taras Bulba

Mind and feelings

The story of Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol "Taras Bulba" tells about the distant times, when the brave Zaporizhzhya Cossacks bravely fought for their freedom and defended their native lands from the raids of the "damned Poles" and Tatars. The work was included in the Mirgorod cycle and was first published in 1835, but then the author decided to make some changes to the text, and the second edition of the story was published only seven years later - in 1842.

In the center of the plot of the story is the conflict between the main character Taras Bulba and his youngest son Andriy. At its core, this is a conflict between reason and feelings, that is, between how his duty tells a true Cossack to act, and what he wants to do, obeying the dictates of his heart.

In the work of Taras, Bulba appears as a cold-blooded and even cruel person, who, when solving all issues, is guided only by reason. Only these qualities, in his opinion, make a man capable of fearlessly defending his homeland. For Taras Bulba, it would be strange to just live on a farm, do housework and “fuck” with his wife. Therefore, even in his old age, he is eager to fight, although there is no need for this, except for his "stubborn will."

But if we take a closer look at Taras Bulba, we can notice that this person is not so callous and cold as it might seem initially. The desperate behavior of his wife, who does not want to let her sons go to the Sich and clings to them with all her might, noticeably embarrasses the man, but he, like a true Cossack, seeks to hide his feelings. We can only guess how hard it can be for Taras Bulba all his other cruel decisions.

Absolutely not, of course, Andriy Bulbenko. This person is driven primarily by feelings, which, however, he also tries to hide from his comrades-in-arms, knowing that they will not approve of this. Surprisingly, even in battle, Andriy sees "mad bliss and rapture" and hears "the charming music of swords and weapons."

This young man tends to subtly feel the beauty of nature, but most of all he is sensitive to female beauty. Love becomes the main driving force in the life of Andriy, while his father reasonably argues that "women will not lead to good."

Taras Bulba turns out to be right in this remark of his: indeed, love for a black-eyed Polish woman becomes fatal for Andriy. In an effort to be with his "lady", the young man goes over to the side of the Poles, for which Bulba severely punishes his son, killing him with a gun.

Thus, the mind in Gogol's story triumphs over feelings, which may seem somewhat strange and incomprehensible to a modern reader. But if you think about what times and under what conditions the Zaporizhzhya Cossacks existed, then such a development of events looks quite logical. Telling the story of Taras Bulba and his sons, Gogol seeks to convey to the reader the main idea: a real warrior who fights for the Motherland always sacrifices his personal feelings, otherwise this struggle could never be successful.

Publication date: 03.12.2016

An example of a final essay in the direction of "Mind and Feeling"

Introduction (Intro):

Mind and voice of the heart... What's more important? What is worth listening to? The human soul is very complex. Sometimes opposite concepts fight in it - reason and heart. And often a question arises before a person: obey heart, which is often selfish, or turn to the common voice of reason? I believe that in order to make the right decision, you should not strictly listen to only one of them. (why?)

Comment: You were on the right track, but you didn’t reach it) It’s understandable that you shouldn’t listen to one thing alone. To open the topic, you need to explain why?

I have italicized the questions, they are written different words, but carry the same meaning, this is called "poured water." Instead of one question, write why exactly you should not go on about only the mind or only the heart.

Be careful with repetitions. There should not be two identical words in adjacent sentences.

There is a thesis, it is formatted correctly, but the topic is not fully disclosed.

Argument 1:

I can prove the correctness of my point of view by referring to the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". Main character - Natasha Rostova - an ardent dreamer, longing for love, after the bitter departure of the groom finds solace in Anatole Kuragin - treacherous and dishonorable (missed a comma) he did not think to connect his life with Natasha (heroine) but just wanted to use it. But blinded by the new feeling that Anatole aroused in her, the girl cannot see the true intent of Kuragin. As a result: the engagement with the groom is terminated, and Natasha dooms herself to the torments of suffering. Maybe if she listened to her mind (the mind didn’t say anything, it’s better to write “thinking” and not a deceitful heart, things would have been different.

Comment: good argument, good volume. Watch for reruns. From the argument, I realized that under the influence of feelings, a person commits rash acts, which they later regret. It is a pity that you did not write this in the introductory part, but did you mean it?

Argument 2:

And the heroine of the novel I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" - Anna Odintsova is guided not by her heart, but by a cold mind. After Yevgeny Bazarov, who is in love with her, confesses his feelings, she does not reciprocate, although deep in her heart she knows that she is also in love. Anna Sergeevna understood that she would lose that calm and moderate life with him. (missed a comma) to which I am so accustomed. And, having chosen the mind, refuses the call of the heart (you can not refuse the call of the heart, you can listen to it or not listen). A Bazarov (missed a comma) never knowing mutual love (missed a comma) - (dash extra) dies due to illness. Their love story ends so tragically, but their fate could have turned out quite differently and, perhaps, they could find happiness together.

"Mind and Feeling"

Official comment:

The direction involves thinking about reason and feeling as the two most important components of a person’s inner world, which influence his aspirations and actions. Reason and feeling can be considered both in harmonious unity and in complex confrontation, which is internal conflict personality. The theme of mind and feeling is interesting for writers of different cultures and eras: the heroes of literary works often face a choice between the command of feeling and the prompting of reason.

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:

There are feelings that replenish and obscure the mind, and there is a mind that cools the movement of feelings. MM. Prishvin

If the feelings are not true, then our whole mind will be false. Lucretius

A feeling held captive by a crude practical need has only a limited meaning. Karl Marx

No imagination can come up with such a multitude of contradictory feelings as usually coexist in one human heart. F. La Rochefoucauld

To see and feel is to be, to think is to live. W. Shakespeare

The dialectical unity of reason and feeling central problem sets works of art world and Russian literature. Writers, depicting the world of human intentions, passions, actions, judgments, one way or another relate to these two categories. Human nature is arranged in such a way that the struggle between reason and feeling inevitably gives rise to an internal conflict of the personality, and therefore provides fertile ground for the work of writers - artists of human souls.

List of references in the direction "Reason and feeling"

A.I. Kuprin " Garnet bracelet»

L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"

A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"

A.M. Gorky "At the bottom"

A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"

I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"

A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"

Guy de Maupassant "Necklace"

N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba"

N.M. Karamzin "Poor Liza

A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

MATERIALS for literary arguments.

( Introduction )

What is love? Each person will answer this question differently. For me, love is the desire to always be there, despite quarrels, problems, insults and misunderstandings, the desire to find a compromise, the ability to forgive and support in a difficult situation. Great happiness if love is mutual. But in life there are situations when an unrequited feeling arises. Unrequited love brings great suffering to a person. But the worst thing is when an unrequited feeling becomes beyond the control of reason and leads to an irreparable tragedy.(69 words)

(Argument)

Love is the eternal theme of world fiction. Many authors describe this great feeling in their works. And I want to remember the wonderful story of Kuprin "Garnet Bracelet". On the first pages of the work, the life of the Shein family is revealed to us. There is no longer love in a married couple, and Vera Nikolaevna is disappointed in her marriage. She feels sadness in her heart. We can only guess that she, like any woman, wants attention, affection, care. Unfortunately, the main character does not understand that all this is very close. A petty official, Georgy Zheltkov, has been loving Vera Nikolaevna for eight years with an unusually strong and sincere love. He fell in love with her at first sight and was happy because God rewarded him with this feeling. But the main character did not pay attention to a man of humble origin. Vera Nikolaevna is getting married and asks Zheltkov not to write to her anymore. We can only guess what difficulties this brought to our hero and marvel at his fortitude. George did not have the opportunity to be close to Vera, to be loved by her, but he is happy because she simply exists, because Vera lives in this world. Zheltkov gives Vera Nikolaevna a garnet bracelet for her birthday. He does not expect Mrs. Sheina to wear a gift. But George is warmed by the thought that his beloved will simply touch this decoration. On Vera, this bracelet evokes a feeling of anxiety, the overflow of stones remind her of drops of blood. Thus, the author makes it clear to us that a reciprocal feeling for Zheltkov begins to emerge in the main character. She worries about him, feels the approach of trouble. Vera raises the topic of love in a conversation with a friend of her parents, whom she considers her grandfather, and she begins to understand that Zheltkov's love is that real and rare sincere love. But Vera's brother Nikolai Nikolaevich intervenes, outraged by Georgy's gift, and decides to talk to Zheltkov. The protagonist of the work understands that he can’t get away from his love. Neither departure nor prison will help him. But he feels that he is interfering with his beloved, Georgy idolizes Vera, he is ready to do everything for her well-being, but he cannot overcome his feelings, and Zheltkov decides to commit suicide. That's how strong unrequited love led to tragedy. And Vera, unfortunately, realized too late that a very rare and sincere love had passed her by. No one and nothing can fix the situation if the person is gone.(362 words)

(Conclusion)

Love is a great feeling, but it is very scary when it leads to tragedy. No matter how strong the feelings are, you can not lose your mind. Life is the best that is given to a person. The same can be said about love. And no matter what trials come our way, we must keep our feelings and reason in harmony.(51 words)

A. I. Kuprin story "Garnet bracelet" "Reason and feeling"

(Argument 132)

The hero of Kuprin's story "Garnet Bracelet", Georgy Zheltkov, could not cope with his feelings. This man, seeing Vera Nikolaevna once, fell in love with her for life. George did not expect reciprocity from the married princess. He understood everything, but he could not help himself. Faith was a small meaning of Zheltkov's life, and he believed that God had rewarded him with such love. The hero showed his feelings only in letters, without showing himself to the princess in front of her eyes. On the day of the angel of Vera, the fan gave his beloved a garnet bracelet and attached a note in which he asked for forgiveness for the trouble he had caused. When the husband of the princess, together with her brother, found Zheltkov, he admitted the indecency of his behavior and explained that he sincerely loves Vera and only death can extinguish this feeling. Finally, the hero asked Vera's husband for permission to write her last letter, and after the conversation he said goodbye to his life.

A. I. Kuprin story "Garnet bracelet" Love or madness? "Mind and Feeling"

(Intro 72) Love is one of the warmest feelings a person can experience. She is able to fill the heart with joy, inspire and give vitality to the one in love, But, unfortunately, this feeling does not always make a person happy. The lack of reciprocity breaks people's hearts, dooms them to suffering, and then a person can lose his mind, turning the object of adoration into a kind of deity that he is ready to worship forever. We often hear that lovers are called crazy. But where is this fine line between conscious feeling and addiction?

(Argument 160) The work of A. I. Kuprin “Garnet Bracelet” makes readers think about this question. The protagonist pursued his beloved for many years, and then committed suicide. What pushed him to these acts: love or madness? I think it was still a conscious feeling. Zheltkov fell in love with Vera. Seeing her only once. Being a petty official, he was aware of social inequality with his beloved, and therefore did not even try to woo her. It was enough for him to admire the princess from the outside, without intruding into her life. Zheltkov shared his feelings with Vera in letters. The hero wrote to his beloved even after her marriage, although he recognized the indecency of his behavior. The husband of the princess treated Grigory Stepanovich with understanding. Shein told his wife that Zheltkov loved her and was not crazy at all. Of course, the hero showed weakness by deciding to commit suicide, but he came to this consciously, concluding that only death could cut off his love. He knew that without Vera he would not be happy and, at the same time, did not want to interfere with her.

(Argument 184) N and in the pages of world fiction, the problem of the influence of feelings and reason is raised very often. So, for example, in the epic novel by Leo Tolstoy “War and Peace”, two types of heroes appear: on the one hand, impulsive Natasha Rostova, sensitive Pierre Bezukhov, fearless Nikolai Rostov, on the other hand, haughty and prudent Helen Kuragina and her brother, callous Anatole. Many conflicts in the novel occur precisely because of the excess of the feelings of the characters, whose ups and downs are very interesting to watch. A vivid example of how a burst of feelings, thoughtlessness, ardor of character, impatient youth influenced the fate of the heroes is the case with Natasha, because for her, laughable and young, it was incredibly long to wait for her wedding with Andrei Bolkonsky, could she subdue her unexpectedly flashed feelings for Anatole the voice of reason? Here we have a real drama of mind and feelings in the soul of the heroine, she faces a difficult choice: to leave her fiancé and leave with Anatole, or not to succumb to a momentary impulse and wait for Andrei. It was in favor of feelings that this difficult choice was made, only chance prevented Natasha. We cannot condemn the girl, knowing her impatient nature and thirst for love. It was feelings that dictated Natasha's impulse, after which she regretted her act when she analyzed it.

L. N. Tolstoy novel "War and Peace" "Reason and Feeling"

(Argument 93) The main character of the novel, Leo Tolstoy's epic War and Peace, young Natasha Rostova, needed love. Being separated from her fiancé, Andrei Bolkonsky, the naive girl, in search of this feeling, trusted the insidious Anatole Kuragin, who did not even think of connecting her life with Natasha. An attempt to escape with a person of notoriety is a risky act, which Natasha Rostova decided on, relying primarily on feelings. The sad outcome of this adventure is known to all: the engagement of Natasha and Andrey is terminated, former lovers suffer, the reputation of the Rostov family has been shaken. If Natasha thought about possible consequences She wouldn't be in that position.

L. N. Tolstoy novel "War and Peace" "Reason and Feeling"

(Argument 407) In the epic novel L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace" categories of reason and feeling are brought to the fore. They are expressed in two main characters: Andrei Bolkonsky and Natasha Rostova. A girl lives with feelings, a man lives with reason. Andrei is guided by patriotism, he feels responsible for the fate of the Fatherland, for the fate of the Russian army, and considers it necessary to be where it is especially difficult, where the fate of what is dear to him is decided. Bolkonsky begins his service in the army from the lower ranks among the adjutants at Kutuzov's headquarters, Andrei is not looking for an easy career and awards. Everything in Natasha's life is based on feelings. The girl has a very easy character, Natasha enjoys life. She illuminates and warms her loved ones and relatives, like the sun. When meeting Andrei, we see in him a restless person, dissatisfied with his real life. The birth of a child and at the same time the death of his wife, before whom he felt guilty, in my opinion, aggravated, so to speak, the spiritual crisis of Bolkonsky. Natasha became the cause of the spiritual revival of Bolkonsky. Love for the cheerful, poetic Natasha gives birth to dreams of family happiness in Andrei's soul. Natasha became a second, new life for him. She had something that was not in the prince, and she harmoniously complemented him. Next to Natasha, Andrei felt revived and rejuvenated. All her vivid emotions gave strength to him, and inspired him to new deeds and events. After confessing to Natasha, Andrey's ardor subsides. Now he feels responsible for Natasha. Andrei proposes to Natasha, but at the request of his father, he postpones the wedding for a year. Natasha and Andrey - very different people. She is young, inexperienced, trusting and spontaneous. Behind him already whole life, death of his wife, son, trials of difficult wartime, meeting with death. Therefore, Andrei cannot fully understand what Natasha feels, that the expectation is very painful for her, she cannot restrain her feelings, her desire to love and be loved. This led to Natasha cheating on Andrey and they break up. Bolkonsky goes to war and receives mortal wound. Experiencing severe suffering, realizing that he is dying, before the threshold of death he experiences a feeling of universal love and forgiveness. At this tragic moment, another meeting between Prince Andrei and Natasha takes place. War and suffering made Natasha an adult, now she understands how cruelly she acted with Bolkonsky, betrayed such a wonderful person because of her childhood passion. Natasha on her knees asks the prince for forgiveness. And he forgives her, he loves her again. He already loves with an unearthly love, and this love brightens him up. last days in this world. Only at that moment Andrei and Natasha were able to understand each other, acquired what they lacked so much. But it was already too late.

(Argument 174) Talking about real and sincere feelings, I would like to turn to the play "Thunderstorm". In this work, A. N. Ostrovsky was able to convey the mental anguish of the main character with all the brightness of emotions. In the 19th century, a huge number of marriages were not for love, parents tried to marry someone who was richer. Girls were forced to live with an unloved person all their lives. Katerina, who was married off as Tikhon Kabanov from a wealthy merchant family, found herself in a similar situation. Katya's husband was a pitiful sight. Irresponsible and infantile, he was capable of nothing but drunkenness. Tikhon's mother, Marfa Kabanova, embodied the ideas of tyranny and hypocrisy inherent in the entire "dark kingdom", so Katerina was constantly under pressure. The heroine strives for freedom, it was difficult for her in the conditions of slavish worship of false idols. The girl found solace in communicating with Boris. His care, affection and sincerity helped the unfortunate heroine forget about the oppression from the Kabanikhi. Katerina realized that she was doing wrong and could not live with it, but her feelings turned out to be stronger, and she cheated on her husband. Tormented by remorse, the heroine repented to her husband, after which she threw herself into the river.

A. N. Ostrovsky play "Thunderstorm" "Reason and Feeling"

(Argument 246) Talking about real and sincere feelings, I would like to turn to the work of A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm". The action of the play takes place in the fictional city of Kalinovo on the banks of the Volga. The main characters of the play are Katerina and Kabanikha. In the nineteenth century, girls were given in marriage not for love, everyone wanted to give their daughter to a richer family. Katerina found herself in such a situation. She finds herself in the world of Kabanikha, where outdated patriarchal morality rules. Katerina, on the other hand, strives to free herself from the shackles of coercion and worship. She is attracted by a dream, spirituality, sincerity.Katerina's character is a place of clash between piety and sinful, illegal passions. With her mind, the main character understands that she is a "husband's wife", but Katerina's soul requires love. main characterfalls in love with another man, although he tries to resist it.The heroine is given an alluring opportunity to commit this sin by meeting with her lover, to overstep what is permitted, but only on the condition that outsiders do not find out about it. Katerina takes the key to the gate in the Kabanov estate, which Varvara gives her, she accepts her sin, she takes up the protest, but dooms herself to death from the very beginning.For Katerina, the commandments of the church and the patriarchal world are of the strongest importance. She wants to be pure and flawless. After her fall, Katerina could not hide her guilt before her husband and people. She is aware of the sin she has committed and at the same time wants to know happiness. true love. She does not see forgiveness for herself and the end of the pangs of conscience, she considers her soul ruined. The feeling defeated Katerina's mind, she cheated on her husband, but the main character could not live with this, so she decides on an even more terrible sin from a religious point of view - suicide.

(Argument232) The plot of the play was the life of the inhabitants of the rooming house, people who have nothing: no money, no status, no social status, no simple bread. They do not see the meaning of their existence. But even in seemingly unbearable conditionstopics such as the question of truth and lies are raised . Thinking about thistopic , the author compares the central characters of the play. Satin and the wanderer Luke are heroes - antipodes. When Elder Luka appears in the rooming house, he tries to inspire each of the residents. With all the sincerity of feelings, he tries to inspire the unfortunate, not to let them wither away. In Luke's opinion, they could not be helped by telling the truth that nothing would change in their lives. So he lied to them, thinking that it would bring salvation for them. It will change their attitude to what is happening, instill hope in them. The hero wholeheartedly wanted to help the unfortunate, instill hope in them. The hero wholeheartedly wanted to help the unfortunate, to make their life at least a little brighter. He did not think about the fact that the sweet lie is worse than the bitter truth. Satin was harsh. He relied only on his thoughts and soberly looked at the situation. “Luke’s tales made him angry, because he is a realist and is not used to “fictitious happiness.” This hero called people not to blind hope, but to fight for their rights. Gorky posed the question to his readers - which of them is more right? I think that it is impossible to give an exact answer to this question, because it is not in vain that the author will leave it open. Everyone must decide for himself.

M. Gorky play "At the Bottom" "Reason and Feeling"

(Intro 62) Which is better, truth or compassion? It is impossible to answer this question unambiguously. If the question sounded, what is better - true or false, my answer would be unequivocal. But the concepts of truth and compassion cannot be opposed to each other. You need to look for a fine line between them. There are situations when telling the bitter truth is the only right decision. But sometimes people need sweet lies, compassion for support, for raising their spirits.

(Argument 266) I am convinced of the correctness of this point of view fiction. Let us turn to M. Gorky's play "At the Bottom". The action takes place in the Kostylevs' rooming house, in which completely different people have gathered. Together they were brought together by their difficult fate. And in the lives of people who have lost everything, Elder Luke appears. He tells them what a wonderful life awaits them, how everything will change, you just have to want it. The inhabitants of this rooming house no longer hope to break out back into the people. They resigned themselves to the fact that their life is doomed, they cannot get out of poverty. But Luke by nature kind person pitying them gives hope. His comforting speeches affected each person in different ways. The two most prominent examples are Anna and Actor. Anna was seriously ill, she was dying. Luke reassures her, tells her that only good things await her in the afterlife. The elder became the last birth in her life, she asked to sit next to her and talk to her. Luke, with his compassion, helped Anna, he eased her last days of life, brought joy and hope to them. And Anna went to the next world with a calm soul. But with the Actor, compassion played a cruel joke. Luca told him about a hospital where the body is relieved of the effects of alcohol. The actor was very worried about the fact that his body was poisoned and was happy with Luke's stories, which gave him hope for better life. But when the Actor found out that such a hospital did not exist, he broke down. A man believed in a better future, and then found out that his hopes were doomed. The actor could not cope with such a blow of fate and committed suicide. Chklovek is a friend of man. We must help each other, show sympathy, compassion, but we must not harm each other. Sweet lies can bring more trouble than bitter truth.

(Argument 86) The hero opposite to Luka is Satin. The stories of the old man annoyed him, because he is a realist. He's used to the harsh reality. Satin is very harsh, he thinks. What you need not to blindly hope, but to fight for your happiness. Did Satin somehow help his cohabitants with the truth? Did the inhabitants of the rooming house need another reminder that their life is at the bottom? I think not. Gorky posed a question to readers - who is right, Luka or Satin? I think that it is impossible to give an exact answer to this question, because it is not for nothing that the author left it open in his work.

(Conclusion 70) Each person must choose his own path. But we must help each other. To tell the truth or show compassion is the choice of everyone. You have to act according to the situation. The main thing is not to harm with your intervention. After all, not only our life depends on us, but also the life of our environment. With our words and actions, we influence our loved ones and acquaintances, so in every situation we should think about what is better - truth or compassion?

(Argument205) The crowning achievement of the famous Russian writer A. S. Griboyedov is the play "Woe from Wit". this work The author touches on such important topics. As harm to servility and bureaucracy, the inhumanity of serfdom, issues of education and enlightenment, honesty in serving the fatherland and duty, originality, nationality of Russian culture. The writer also denounces the vices of people, which to this day are in each of us. On the example of the central characters of the play, Griboedov makes us think: is it always worth acting according to the will of the heart, or is cold calculation still better? The personification of commercialism, sycophancy, lies is Alexei Stepanovich Molchalin. This character is not harmless at all. With his obsequiousness, he successfully makes his way into high society. His "talents" - "moderation and accuracy" - provide him with a pass to "high society". Molchalin is a staunch conservative, dependent on the opinions of others and indulging "all people without exception." It would seem that this is the right choice, a cold mind and a hard calculation are better than the vague feelings of the heart, but the author ridicules Alexei Stepanovich, showing the reader the insignificance of his existence. Mired in the world of hypocrisy and lies, Molchalin lost all bright and sincere feelings, which led to the complete collapse of his sinister plans. Therefore, we can say with confidence that the great Russian writer wanted to convey to the hearts of readers that the most important thing is to remain yourself, act according to your conscience and listen to your heart.

A. S. Griboedov play "Woe from Wit" "Reason and Feeling"

(Argument345) Let us turn to the play by A. S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”. In the mansion of the Moscow nobleman Famusov, a young Alexander Andreyevich Chatsky, brilliant with intelligence and wit, arrives. His heart burns with love for Sofya Famusova, it is for her sake that he returns to Moscow. In the recent past, Chatsky managed to recognize in Sophia a smart, outstanding, determined girl and fell in love with her for these qualities. When he, matured, wiser, returns to his homeland, we understand that his feelings have not cooled. He is happy to see Sophia, who has become prettier during the separation, and sincerely rejoices at the meeting. When the hero finds out that Sophia's chosen one is Molchalin, her father's secretary, he is unable to believe it. The hero perfectly sees what Molchalin really is, he does not love Sophia. Molchalin wants to move up the career ladder using a girl. For the sake of this, he does not shun hypocrisy or meanness. Chatsky's mind refuses to believe in Sophia's love for Molchalin, because he remembers her as a teenager, when love broke out between them, he thinks that Sophia could not change over the years. Chatsky cannot understand in any way that in the three years that he was gone, the Famus society left its ugly imprint on the girl. Sophia really passed good school in her father's house, she learned to pretend, lie, dodge, but she does it not out of selfish interests, but trying to protect her love. We see that Sophia rejects Chatsky not only out of female vanity, but also for the same reasons that Famus Moscow does not accept him: his independent and mocking mind frightens Sophia, he is from a different circle. Sophia is even ready to take revenge on her old close friend, who is madly in love with her: she spreads a rumor about Chatsky's madness. The hero tears not only the threads connecting him with the Famus society, he breaks his relationship with Sophia, insulted and humiliated by her choice to the core. Sophia blames herself for everything that happened. Her situation seems hopeless, because, having rejected Molchalin, having lost a devoted friend Chatsky and left with an angry father, she is again alone. Sophia tried to live with a mind perverted in the concept of the Famus society, but she could not give up her feelings, this led to the heroine getting confused, Sophia missed her love, but not only the heroine suffered from this, Chatsky's heart was broken.

N. V. Gogol story "Taras Bulba"

They come to the old Cossack colonel Taras Bulba after graduating from Kyiv Academy his two sons - Ostap and Andriy. Two hefty

After a long journey, the Sich meets Taras with his sons with his wild life - a sign of the Zaporizhian will. Cossacks do not like to waste time on military exercises, collecting abusive experience only in the heat of battle. Ostap and Andriy rush with all the ardor of youths into this rampant sea. But old Taras does not like an idle life - he does not want to prepare his sons for such an activity. Having met with all his companions, he thinks out how to raise the Cossacks on a campaign, so as not to waste the Cossack prowess on an uninterrupted feast and drunken fun. He persuades the Cossacks to re-elect the Koschevoi, who keeps peace with the enemies of the Cossacks. The new Koschevoi, under the pressure of the most militant Cossacks, and above all Taras, decides to go to Poland in order to mark all the evil and shame of faith and Cossack glory.

Andriy realized that he was betraying his father, went on about his feelings. Feelings are stronger than reason

And soon the entire Polish south-west becomes the prey of fear, the rumor running ahead: “Cossacks! The Cossacks showed up! In one month, young Cossacks matured in battles, and old Taras is pleased to see that both of his sons are among the first. The Cossack army is trying to take the city of Dubna, where there is a lot of treasury and rich inhabitants, but they meet desperate resistance from the garrison and residents. The Cossacks besiege the city and wait for the famine to begin in it. Having nothing to do, the Cossacks devastate the surroundings, burn out defenseless villages and unharvested grain. The young, especially the sons of Taras, do not like this kind of life. Old Bulba reassures them, promising hot fights soon. In one of dark nights Andria is awakened from her sleep by a strange creature that looks like a ghost. This is a Tatar, a servant of the very Polish woman with whom Andriy is in love. The Tatar woman whispers that the pannochka is in the city, she saw Andriy from the city rampart and asks him to come to her or at least give a piece of bread for her dying mother. Andriy loads the sacks with bread as much as he can carry, and the Tatar woman leads him through the underground passage to the city. Having met his beloved, he renounces his father and brother, comrades and homeland: “The homeland is what our soul is looking for, which is dearest to her. My fatherland is you." Andriy stays with the lady to protect her to the last breath from her former comrades.

Final essay- this is an exam format that allows you to evaluate several aspects of a student's knowledge at once. Among them: vocabulary, knowledge of literature, the ability to express one's point of view in writing. In a word, this format makes it possible to assess the student's general knowledge of both the language and subject knowledge.

1. 3 hours 55 minutes are allotted for the final essay, the recommended length is 350 words.
2. Date of the final essay 2016-2017. In 2015-2016 academic year it was held on December 2, 2015, February 3, 2016, May 4, 2016. In 2016-2017 - December 7, February 1, May 17.
3. The final essay (statement) is held on the first Wednesday of December, the first Wednesday of February and the first working Wednesday of May.

The purpose of the essay is reasoning, a competently and clearly built point of view of the student using examples from the literature within the framework of a given topic. It is important to note that the topics do not indicate a specific work for analysis, it is of an oversubject nature.

Topics of the final essay on literature 2016-2017

Topics are formed from two lists: open and closed. The first is known in advance, reflects approximate general themes, they are formulated as concepts that contradict each other.
A closed list of topics is announced 15 minutes before the start of the composition - these are more specific topics.
An open list of topics for the final essay 2016-2017:
1. "Mind and Feeling",
2. "Honor and dishonor",
3. "Victory and defeat",
4. "Experience and mistakes",
5. "Friendship and enmity".
The topics are presented in a problematic way, the names of the topics are antonyms.

An approximate list of references for all those who will write the final essay (2016-2017):
1. A.M. Gorky "Old Woman Izergil"
2. A.P. Chekhov "Ionych"
3. A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", "Eugene Onegin", "The Stationmaster"
4. B.L. Vasiliev "I was not on the lists",
5. V.A. Kaverin "Two Captains"
6. V.V. Bykov "Sotnikov"
7. V.P. Astafiev "Tsar-fish"
8. Henry Marsh "Do No Harm"
9. Daniel Defoe "Robinson Crusoe",

10. Jack London "White Fang",
11. Jack London "Martin Eden",
12. I.A. Bunin "Clean Monday"
13. I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
14. L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
15. M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don"
16. M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"
17. F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment", "The Idiot"
18. E. Hemingway "The Old Man and the Sea",
19. E.M. Remarque "On western front no change"
20. E.M. Remarque "Three Comrades".

Argumenyou to the topic "Mind and feeling"

The point of view must be argued, in order to properly formulate it, one should involve literary material, relevant to the topic. The argument is the main component of the essay, is one of the evaluation criteria. It has the following requirements:
1. Relevant to the theme
2. Include literary material
3. Be inscribed in the text logically, in accordance with the overall composition
4. Be communicated through quality writing
5. Be well-designed.
To the topic "Reason and Feeling" one can take arguments from the works of I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons", A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit", N.M. Karamzin "Poor Lisa", Jane Austen "Sense and Sensibility".

Examples of final essays

There are a number of essay templates. They are evaluated according to five criteria, here is an example of an essay that scored the highest score:
An example of an essay on the topic: "Should reason prevail over feelings?"
What to listen to, to reason or feelings - every person asks such a question. It is especially acute when the mind dictates one thing, and feelings contradict it. What is the voice of reason, when a person should listen more precisely to his advice, a person decides for himself, the same with feelings. Without a doubt, the choice in one or another favor depends on the specific situation. For example, even a child knows that in a stressful situation one should not panic, it is better to listen to reason. It is important not only to listen to both reason and feelings, but also to really learn to distinguish situations when it is necessary to listen to the first or to the second to a greater extent.

Since the question has always been relevant, it has found wide circulation both in Russian and in foreign literature. Jane Austen in the novel "Sense and Sensibility" on the example of two sisters reflected this eternal contradiction. Elinor, the eldest of the sisters, is sensible, but not devoid of feelings, she just knows how to manage them. Mariana is in no way inferior to her older sister, but prudence is not inherent in her in anything. The author showed how their characters affected in the test of love. In the case of her older sister, her prudence almost played a cruel joke on her, thanks to her reserved nature, she did not immediately let her lover know what she felt. Mariana, on the other hand, became a victim of feelings, so she was deceived by a young man who took advantage of her gullibility and married a wealthy lady. As a result, the older sister was ready to put up with loneliness, but the man of her heart, Edward Ferras, makes a choice in her favor, refusing not only the inheritance, but also his word: engagement with unloved woman. Marianna, after a serious illness and deceit, grows up and agrees to an engagement with a 37-year-old captain, for whom she does not have romantic feelings, but deeply respects.

A similar choice is made by the characters in A.P. Chekhov "About Love". However, Alekhin and Anna Luganovich, succumbing to the call of reason, give up their happiness, which makes their act right in the eyes of society, but deep down in their souls, both heroes are unhappy.

So what is the mind: logic, common sense, or just boring reason? Can feelings interfere with a person's life or, on the contrary, provide an invaluable service? There is no unequivocal answer in this dispute, whom to listen to: reason or feeling. Both are equally important for a person, so you just need to learn how to use them correctly.

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