A good conversation or public speaking is like a good game, movie, or song. It grabs the listener's attention, delivers the material point by point, and then ends brilliantly. But if you don't know how to end your speech, the main points you are trying to get across will be lost.

The words you say at the beginning, and especially at the end of your speech, will be remembered longer than any other part of your speech. Some Famous public figures they ended their speech in such a way that even today many people remember it.

How to end a speech and get a standing ovation?

1) Think carefully about closing words

To make sure that your conclusion will make a strong impression on the audience, you need to plan every word.

Ask yourself, "What is the purpose of this speech?" In your response, you need to indicate the actions that you want your listeners to perform after listening to your speech. When you have a clear idea of ​​what end result you want to achieve, it becomes much easier to plan a conclusion that leads your listeners to the idea that they should act as you suggest.

The best strategy for planning a compelling and powerful speech ending is to plan the ending first and then build the whole speech later. Then go back to the beginning and make an introduction that sets the stage for this conclusion. In the main part of the speech, you simply reveal your ideas and encourage the audience to think and act according to your desires.

2) Always end your speech with a call to action

It is very important to tell your listeners what you want them to do after they listen to you. The call to action is the best way end a speech impressively. For example:

We have serious challenges and great opportunities, and with your help we will overcome all difficulties, and this year will be the best year in our history!

Whatever you say, imagine an exclamation point at the end, and as you get closer to the end, pick up the appropriate pace and rhythm of speech. Highlight the most important thing in the ending with intonation. Set the final point.

Whether those in the audience are about to share your point of view, or whether they are ready to do what you ask, you must be clear and consistent in your thoughts.

3) Summarize

Exists simple formula summary of any speech:

• List what you are going to talk about.
• Tell about it.
• Summarize what has been said.

As the talk draws to a close, say something like: "Let me recap the main points..." Then list your key points, one by one, and repeat them to the audience, showing the relationship between them.

Listeners will respond positively to a consistent repetition of what they have just heard. They understand that you are summing up.

4) End your speech with a spicy story

When you finish your presentation, you can say:

Let me tell you a story that illustrates what I'm talking about...

Tell a short instructive story, and tell the audience what its instructive meaning is. They should not try to understand the meaning of your story themselves.

You can end your speech with a story that illustrates all the key points and is related to the key message you are trying to convey to the audience.

5) Make everyone laugh

Tell a joke that is related to your topic and emphasizes the main idea or main points, and also can make everyone laugh.

Do you want to know in what sections of your speech you are most likely to show experience or inexperience, skill or lack of skill?

At the beginning and at the end. There is an old saying in the theatre, referring, of course, to actors, which goes something like this: "You can judge their skill by the way they get on and off the stage."

Beginning and the end! They are the most difficult in almost any kind of activity. Is it not the greatest difficulty in the public arena to enter beautifully, and no less beautifully to leave the arena? The most difficult task during a business conversation is to win over at its beginning and succeed at its end.

The end of the speech is indeed the strategically most important section of the speech. What the speaker says at the end last words continue to resound in the ears of the listeners when he has already finished his speech, and, apparently, they will be remembered for the longest time. However, beginners rarely realize the importance of this advantageous factor. The finals of their performances often leave much to be desired.

What are their most typical mistakes? Let's look at some of them and try to find ways to fix them.

First, there are speakers who end their speech like this: "That's about all I wanted to say on this subject.

So I guess I'll end here." This is not the end. This is a mistake.

It is immediately clear that the speaker is an amateur. Such a mistake is almost unforgivable.

If that's all you wanted to say, then why not end your speech there and sit down without talking about what you are going to end. Sit down and conclude that this is all you were going to say can be calmly and tactfully left to the discretion of your listeners.

There are also speakers who have already said everything they wanted, but do not know how to end the speech. It seems that Josh Billings also recommended that you take the bull by the tail, and not by the horns, as in this case it will be easier to let him go. The speaker, who has taken the bull by the horns, wants to get away from him, but no matter how hard he tries, he cannot find a suitable fence or tree to hide. Therefore, in the end, he begins to rush about as in a vicious circle, repeats himself and leaves a negative impression of himself ...

What's the way out? Sometimes the end of a speech should be planned in advance, right? Would it be wise to try to think through the end of your speech when you are already standing in front of the audience, being in a nervous tension, when your thoughts should be directed to what you are talking about? Common sense dictates the desirability of preparing the end of your speech in advance, in a calm and unhurried atmosphere.

Even such outstanding speakers as Webster, Bright, Gladstone, who brilliantly owned English language, considered it necessary for themselves to write in advance and almost memorize the last words of their speeches.

If a beginner follows their example, he will rarely have to regret it. He must know very precisely with what thoughts he is going to end his speech. He must rehearse the end of the speech several times, not necessarily using the same words during each repetition, but translating his thoughts into specific phrases.

When a speaker gives an impromptu speech, the speech sometimes has to be very significantly changed, shortened, so that it matches the reaction of his listeners. Therefore, it would be really wise to prepare two or three endings in advance. If one of them doesn't fit, the other might.

Some speakers can't get to the end of their speech at all. Somewhere in the middle, they begin to speak rapidly and incoherently and seem to falter, like an engine that is almost out of fuel, and after a few desperate jerks, they completely stop. Accident. Of course, they need more thorough preparation and need to have more practice - more gas in the tank.

Many beginners end their speech too abruptly. They lack fluidity and the ability to complete their speech. They don't actually have an ending: they just suddenly stop talking. This gives an unpleasant impression, and listeners see that they are dealing with an amateur.

What would you say if your friend, during a conversation, suddenly broke off his speech and ran out of the room without saying goodbye to you politely?

Even a speaker like Lincoln made this mistake in his original presidential speech.

This speech was delivered at a difficult time. Black thunderclouds of disagreement and hatred were already gathering around. A few weeks later, torrents of blood and a hurricane of destruction hit the country. In his closing remarks intended for the people of the South, Lincoln intended to end his speech as follows:

"In your hands, my disgruntled compatriots, and not in mine, lies the solution to the most important problem civil war. The government will not attack you. We won't have any conflict if you don't become the aggressors yourself. You have taken no oath to heaven to destroy the government, while I have taken the most solemn oath to preserve and protect it. You can refrain from attacking him. I can't evade his defense. It is on you, and not on me, that the decision of the most important question depends: there will be peace or a sword!

Lincoln took this speech to his Secretary Seward, who quite rightly remarked that the closing words were too harsh, direct, provocative. Seward himself attempted to change the end of the speech; in fact, he wrote two versions. Lincoln agreed with one of them and used it, with minor modifications, instead of the last three sentences at the end of the speech he had originally prepared. As a result, his first presidential speech lost its provocative harshness and reached the pinnacle of friendliness, true beauty and poetic eloquence:

"I reluctantly end my speech. We are not enemies, but friends.

We shouldn't be enemies. Although some passions may flare up, they must not break the bonds of our friendship. The mysterious strings of memory, running from every battlefield and from every grave of a patriot to every living heart and hearth in all our vast earth, will add their voice to the choir of the Union if they are touched again, and this will certainly happen thanks to the divine principle of our nature. .

How can a beginner develop the right sense of the need to end his speech? With mechanical rules?

No. Just like culture, this matter is too subtle. It should become a sixth sense, almost an intuition. If the speaker does not feel when his speech is completed harmoniously and skillfully, then how can he expect to achieve this?

However, such a feeling can be developed in oneself, and this can be done by studying the methods used by eminent speakers. Here, for example, is the end of a speech by the Prince of Wales at the Imperial Club in Toronto:

“I fear, gentlemen, that I was unrestrained and spoke too much about myself. But I wanted to tell you, as the largest audience to which I had the honor to speak in Canada, what I think of my position and the responsibility that comes with it connected. I can only assure you that I will always strive to be worthy of this great responsibility and your trust."

Even if a blind man had heard this performance, he too would have felt that it had ended. It did not hang in the air like an unattached rope, it did not remain unfinished. It was finished.

The famous Harry Emerson Fosdick spoke at St. Peter's in Geneva on Sunday after the opening of the Sixth Assembly of the League of Nations. He chose the topic for himself: "All who take the sword, by the sword will perish." Notice how beautifully, solemnly, and powerfully he concluded his sermon:

"We cannot reconcile Jesus Christ and war - that is the essence of the matter. It is this problem that should worry the conscience of Christians today.

War is the most terrible and destructive social sin that afflicts mankind; it is wholly and entirely non-Christian; in its methods and consequences it embodies all that Christ denied, and it cannot mean what he meant; it is the most emphatic repudiation of any Christian doctrine of God and man than any atheist theorist on earth could ever come up with. It would be good if the Christian Church took upon itself the solution of this greatest moral problem of our time, and it would be good if she again, as in the time of our forefathers, worked out a clear way of fighting against the paganism of this modern world and refused to support the warring countries, placed the kingdom of God over nationalism and called the world to peace. This would not be a denial of patriotism, but, on the contrary, its apotheosis.

Here today, under this lofty and hospitable roof, I, an American, cannot speak for my government, but as an American and a Christian, I speak for millions of my fellow citizens and wish you well-deserved success in your great work, in which we believe. , for which we pray, for non-participation in which we deeply regret. We fight in many ways to achieve the same goal - a world made for the world. There has never been a higher goal worth fighting for. The alternative is the worst catastrophe humanity has ever faced. Like the law of universal gravitation in the physical kingdom, the law of God in the spiritual kingdom does not make an exception for any person, for any nation: "all who take the sword will perish by the sword."

However, these ending patterns would be incomplete without those majestic tones and that organ-like melody that characterize the ending of Lincoln's re-election speech. The late Earl Curzon of Keddleston, Chancellor Emeritus of the University of Oxford, declared that this speech "adds to the glory and treasures of mankind... is the purest gold of oratory, nay, almost divine eloquence":

"Lovingly we hope and fervently we lift up our prayers that this terrible scourge of war will end as soon as possible. However, if God wills that it should continue until all the riches accumulated as a result of two hundred and fifty years of selfless labor, were destroyed, and as long as every drop of blood that comes out from a blow of a whip is paid for by the blood that comes out from a blow of a sword, as it was said three thousand years ago, how much more should we say that "the judgment of God is right and fair".

Turning our malice to no one, turning our mercy to all, showing firmness in a just cause, when the Lord gives us the opportunity to see his rightness, let us strive to solve the task before us: to bandage the wounds of the country, to take care of those who who endured the hardships of the battle and fell in it, widows and orphans - to do everything that could contribute to the achievement of a just and lasting peace, both among us and among all peoples.

You have just read what I think is the most brilliant end to a speech ever delivered by a mortal...

Do you agree with my assessment? In what other speeches could you find more humanity, more sincere love, more sympathy?

"Although the Gettysburg Address was noble," says William E.

Barton in his book "The Life of Abraham Lincoln" - this speech reaches an even more perfect level of nobility ... It is the most outstanding speech of Abraham Lincoln and reflects the highest level his intellectual and spiritual power".

"She was like a sacred poem," wrote Carl Schurz. "No American president has ever said such words to the American people. America has never had a president who found such words in the depths of his heart."

However, you are probably not going to make immortal speeches like the president in Washington or the prime minister in Ottawa or Canberra. You will be faced with the problem of how to end a typical presentation in front of a group of people engaged in social activities. How will you do it? Let's think a little.

Let's try to develop some useful suggestions.

Summarize the main points of your speech

Even in a short speech of three or five minutes, the speaker is quite able to touch on so many issues that at the end of the speech, the audience will not quite clearly understand all the main points of his speech. However, few speakers understand this. They incorrectly believe that if these points are absolutely clear in their own imagination, then they should be just as clear to the listeners.

Nothing like this. The speaker has been thinking about his ideas for some time, but they are all new to his listeners; they hit the listeners like a shotgun shell. Some of them may affect them, but most fly by. Listeners can, like Iago<Кассио - Прим.ред.>, "remember a lot of things, but nothing exactly."

One Irish political figure, is said to have given the following advice about speaking: "First tell the audience what you are going to tell them; then tell them, and then tell them what you have already told." Not such a bad idea. In fact, it is very often recommended to "tell about what you have already told".

This should be done, of course, briefly, quickly, that is, it is necessary to give only an overview of what has been said or a summary.

Here is a good example. The speaker was one of the leaders in the Chicago railroad system:

“In short, gentlemen, our own concrete experience with this blocking device, the experience of its use in the east, west and north, the sound principles underlying its operation, the savings that have been saved for one year due to the prevention of crashes - all this gives me the opportunity to recommend in the most serious and strong terms its immediate introduction in our southern branch."

Did you notice what he did? You can see and feel it without even listening to the rest of his speech. He summarized in a few sentences, using fifty-five words, practically all the main points that he used in his speech.

Don't you think that resumes like this help? If yes, then take this method into service.

Call to action

The ending just quoted is a brilliant illustration of the end of a call to action. The speaker wanted something to be done: to install blocking devices in the southern branch of his railway. He justified his call with the means to be saved, as well as the fact that it would prevent crashes. The speaker demanded action, and he got it. This was not a training session. It sounded at the board of directors of a certain railway company and ensured the installation of a blocking device, that is, what it called for.

Brief sincere compliment

“The great state of Pennsylvania must lead the movement to hasten the advent of the new age. This state, the great iron and steel manufacturer, the state in which the largest railroad company in the world is located and which is the third largest among our agricultural states, forms the basis our commerce.

Never before has this state had such great prospects; never before has its leadership role been more brilliant."

With these words, Charles Schwab ended his speech at the Pennsylvania Society in New York. His listeners felt satisfied, happy, optimistic. This is a commendable way to end a talk, but it must be sincere to be effective. No gross flattery, no extravagance. This kind of ending, if it does not sound sincere, will seem false, extremely false. People will not be willing to accept it as a counterfeit coin.

humorous ending

George Cowan said: "When you say goodbye to your listeners, leave them laughing." If you have the ability to do so, and necessary material: this is very good. But how to do that? As Hamlet said, here is the question. Each person must go his own way.

It is hard to imagine that Lloyd George would have left laughing the members of the Methodist church meeting, to whom he addressed a super-solemn occasion connected with the tomb of John Wesley.

However, notice how cleverly he did it, notice also how smoothly and beautifully he closed his speech:

"I'm glad you took it upon yourself to repair his tomb. That's to be welcomed. He was a man who had a particular aversion to untidiness and lack of cleanliness. I think he was the one who said:

"May no one ever see a ragged Methodist." Thanks to him, you've never seen anything like it. (Laughter) It would be double ingratitude to leave his grave in an untidy state. You remember what he said to a Derbyshire girl who ran to the door as he was going out and screamed, "God bless you, Mr. Weasley." He replied, "Woman, the blessing will be more valuable if your face and apron are cleaner." (Laughter) That was his attitude towards untidiness. Don't leave his grave untidy.

If he saw her as such, it would upset him more than anything else. Take care of her. It is a memorial and sacred tomb. She is your responsibility." (Applause.)

Poetry ending

Of all the ways to end a speech, none is more appropriate than humor or poetry, if appropriate. In fact, if you manage to find the right verses to end your speech, it will be almost perfect. This will give the performance the desired flavor, nobility, individuality, beauty.

Sir Harry Loder ended his address to the Edinburgh Convention of American Rotary Club Delegates as follows:

“And when you return home, let some of you send me a postcard. I will send you postcards if you don’t do it yourself. You can easily guess that this postcard was sent by me, since there will be no stamp on it. (Laughter. ) But I will write something on it, and this is what will be there:

The seasons will come and go

Everything fades in its time as you know

But there is something, always blooming and fresh as dew, -

It's love and affection

which I feed to you."

This little poem fits perfectly with Harry Loder's personality and no doubt fits the whole mood of his speech. Therefore, in this particular case, it was fine. If any other formal and reserved member of the Rotary Club were to use this rhyme at the end of their gala speech, it might sound so unnatural as to be almost laughable. The longer I teach the art of public speaking, the more clearly I understand and the more vividly I realize that it is impossible to give general rules that will be true in all cases of life. After all, so much depends on the subject of discussion, time and place of action, and the person himself.

Everyone must, as St. Paul said, work out his own salvation.

I was present as a guest at a farewell dinner in connection with the departure from New York of a certain freelancer. Speakers rose one after another, extolled their departed friend and wished him success in his new path of activity. There were about a dozen performances, but only one of them ended in an unforgettable way. It was exactly the performance that ended with poetry. The speaker turned to the one who was leaving and exclaimed with feeling: “Well, now goodbye, I wish you good luck, I wish you everything that I could wish for myself!

May the peace of Allah be with you.

Wherever you go, wherever you go

May the beautiful palm trees of Allah grow there,

Days of work and nights of rest may bring you the blessings of Allah.

I touch my heart like the inhabitants of the East:

May the peace of Allah be with you."

J. A. Abbott, vice president of L. A. D. Motors Corporation of Brooklyn, spoke to the employees of his organization about loyalty and cooperation. He ended his speech with resounding lines from Kipling's The Second Jungle Book:

"Here is the Law of the Jungle for you - and It is unshakable, like the firmament.

The wolf lives as long as he watches; The wolf, breaking the Law, will die.

Like a creeper, gossip, the Law winds, growing in both directions:

The strength of the Pack is that the Wolf lives, the strength of the Wolf is the native Pack."

Kipling

If you go to the library in your city and tell the librarian that you are preparing a speech on such and such a topic and would like to find a poetic quotation to express this or that idea, then you may be able to help you find something similar in some reference book. like "Familiar quotes" Bartlett.

The Power of a Bible Quote

If you can quote Scripture in your speech, then you are lucky. A suitable biblical quotation often has a profound effect. The famous financier Frank Vanderlip used this method to end his speech on the debts the Allies owed to the United States:

"If we insist on the literal fulfillment of our demand, then it will certainly not be fulfilled. If we insist on it for selfish reasons, then we will receive not money, but hatred. If we are generous - wisely generous - then debts may be paid to us, and the good we do by it will mean more materially to us than anything else that we could part with.

"For he who wants to save his life will lose it, but he who loses his life for me and the Holy Scripture will save it."

climax

A climax is a popular way to end a performance. It is often difficult to pull off and is not always the right ending for all speakers and all topics. But if it is well executed, it makes a brilliant impression. She reaches the top, becoming more powerful with every sentence. A good example of a climax can be found in the end of the Philadelphia speech, which won an award and appears in Chapter Three.

Lincoln used the climax when preparing his notes for a lecture on Niagara Falls. Notice how each next comparison is stronger than the last, and how it culminates in comparing the age of Niagara to the time of Columbus, Christ, Moses, Adam, etc.:

“It brings to mind an endless past. When Columbus first sought our continent, when Christ suffered on the cross, when Moses led Israel through the Red Sea, nay, even when Adam was first created by the hands of God—then, as now, there roared Niagara Falls The eyes of the extinct prehistoric giants whose bones fill America's grave mounds gazed upon Niagara as we do now. and ten thousand years ago.Mammoths and mastodons, so long extinct that only the remnants of their huge bones confirm that they once existed, also looked at Niagara, which during all this long time did not stop for a second, and its flow never dried up, never froze, never froze, never rested."

Experienced lecturers believe that it is better to finish a speech a minute earlier than later than the allotted time. If a lecturer drags out a speech, listeners in Italy stroke their chin (a beard grew while you were speaking). If the speech is coming to an end and the listeners are showing signs of fatigue, it is better to consider ending the speech. “Be sure to announce that you will soon finish, otherwise the listeners may experience a blow from unexpected joy,” the humorist wrote.

It happens, however, that, trying to say everything, the speaker is so carried away that he brings the listeners to exhaustion or violent protest. Some speakers in such cases cheerfully wish everyone good health or throw a line: "I have everything." It sounds trite, because it is known that the last impression is the strongest, and if there is no conclusion, the essence of the speech eludes the audience.

It is necessary to prepare the conclusion in advance, but since not a single performance goes as expected (after all, it is impossible to predict the reaction of the audience exactly), the conclusion may differ from the prepared one. For example, you wanted to end with a strong quote, but you feel that it will not be perceived. It is better to abandon it and limit ourselves to the conclusions and wishes of the audience.

The conclusion should be connected with the main idea of ​​the speech, be major, optimistic in spirit.

Performances are well received, the end of which echoes the beginning. They evoke positive emotions, cheer up.

This is how Professor M.A. ended his lecture on the Mediterranean Sea. Menzbier: "If any of those present, having fallen on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, under the palm trees of Bordicera or the olives of Sorrento, remembered their story, heard in the country of the far north, on an unsightly evening of a gray December day, that would be the best I dare count, leaving the audience".

Questions are often asked after the presentation. Answering questions can improve or spoil the impression of the presentation.

The answer to the question should be as short and concise as possible.

In order to correctly answer the question, it is necessary to understand its essence. If the question is not clear, wordy, reformulate it and repeat it aloud. If the question is asked clearly but quietly, it must be repeated so that everyone can hear.

Clarification questions must be answered. Replicas are unacceptable: "I told you about it!" or "How could you not understand!"

It is desirable to answer additional questions, at least suggest the source of information.

Never avoid questions that sound like a kind of challenge and are associated with a desire to test the position of the speaker. The answer must be mandatory, you just need to maintain restraint and a sense of humor.

The art of answering questions improves from performance to performance. And an objective introspection of each performance is very important. These recordings will be of great help in the future, these are the steps of honing the skill.

Having to give a speech in a class, meeting, or work presentation can be exciting for anyone. Working on the text of the speech will strengthen your self-confidence. Thoughtfulness and attention to detail will create an informative, persuasive, motivating or entertaining speech! Give work required amount time and practice speaking.

Steps

How to write a draft

Study the topic well. Writing an informative or persuasive speech requires deep research! This approach will allow you to write a reliable and convincing text. Look for information and arguments in reliable sources - books, scientific journals, newspaper articles and government websites.

• If you need to write a speech for a lesson, check with your teacher for the number and types of sources allowed.

1. Consider abstracts in a logical order. Once you are familiar with the topic and context, immediately jump to the abstract. State each statement clearly and provide supporting information, facts, evidence, and statistics to support each statement. It should be based on the calculation of 1 paragraph per aspect.

   • For example, if it's about testing cosmetics on animals, first say that it's cruel, then explain that it's inappropriate and discuss alternatives.

2. Bring up new topics and summarize previously discussed material. Another way to help listeners understand the abstract is to offer a 1-2 sentence overview before moving on to new topic and briefly summarize the material in 1-2 sentences after the explanation. Use for introductions and resumes simple words to help you communicate your ideas.

   • For example, if you want to consider delayed muscle pain(also known as krepatura), then first briefly explain the essence of the concept, then delve into the details and say how it relates to the topic, and complete this part of the speech summary according to the main thesis.

3. Use transitions to make things easier to understand. Transitions improve the flow of speech and also help you see the connection between the points. Transitions are not always noticeable when you read and write texts, but their absence is immediately evident. Make sure you use different transitions in your speech. Examples:

   • Further;
   • then;
   • previously;
   • subsequently;
   • first;
   • Secondly;
   • at present;
   • next week.
4. • For example, if you described the impact of global warming on the number of polar bears, then end your speech with a story about those non-profit organizations that protect environment and polar bear populations.
   • If you shared your motivational weight loss story, then tell me where to start and what useful resources to use.

   How to make a speech interesting and engaging

   1. Use short and simple words and sentences. Cumbersome words instead of equivalent simple synonyms can scare off listeners. Long and complex sentences can be confusing and confusing. In most cases, plain language should be used. So, the only exception will be situations where a thought or idea simply cannot be expressed otherwise.

      Do not replace nouns with pronouns for the sake of clarity. Of course, sometimes you can use a pronoun, especially in an attempt to avoid repetition. However, too many pronouns will make it difficult for listeners to follow your arguments. Whenever possible, give preference to proper names (names of places or things, names) and do not overuse pronouns. Examples of common pronouns:

   2. Repeat words and phrases several times. Repetition - effective reception in any speech. If repeated repetitions different words can be distracting, repeating a particular word or phrase several times will help shape your argument and engage your audience.

      • For example, if you are giving a speech to a group of sales reps who want to increase sales of a new product called "Synergy", you can repeat a simple phrase like "Tell your customers about "Synergy"" or say the word "Synergy" several times throughout the speech to remind listeners about the product.
      • In a motivational speech about how running helps overcome emotional difficulties, repeat a few times a phrase that emphasizes this idea: "Overcome pain through running."

Speaking in front of an audience causes people to unpleasant emotions. Not everyone is given this initially. But learning to speak in public is possible. 29 recommendations will help make you a speaker.

1. Understand the topic you will be covering. Poor preparation robs a person of confidence and instills fear.

2. Learn to own the body:

• do not fiddle with the buttons;
• do not shift from foot to foot;
• don't touch your hair.

But standing at attention is also not worth it, use gestures, but be careful not to overdo it. Rehearse the moves ahead of time.

3. Speak with your diaphragm. This will allow you to pronounce words loudly and clearly. To learn this, stand up straight and lay down right hand on your stomach, exhale, hold your breath as long as you can. Increase the interval over time. In this position, the abdominal muscles relax. Talk in this relaxed state.

5. Practice. In life, speak clearly and not so quickly, highlight important places with pauses.

6. Work on articulation.

7. Make sure that you correctly pronounce difficult words that are present in your report.

8. If you have problems with pronunciation, start slowly repeating the word until you remember how to pronounce it correctly.

10. To have a great speech, make a detailed speech plan. Correctly define the purpose of the speech in order to correctly convey information to the audience.

11. To better remember your speech, write it on paper several times.

12. It can be difficult to remember a speech in its entirety. Therefore, break it into small pieces and learn each piece separately.

13. Know the audience you will be speaking to. On the different people The same speech can produce different impressions.

14. Use humor to grab your audience's attention and lighten the mood.

15. Video the performance. Take note of the errors and make the necessary changes. Do not focus on the shortcomings, even with speech defects, a person can become an excellent speaker.

1. Decide on the type of presentation. Speech happens:

• informative (transfer of factual information);
• persuasive (convincing the audience through the use of emotions, logic, personal experience and experiences, facts);
• entertaining (meeting the needs of the audience).

Some performances combine several types.

2. The beginning of the speech should be interesting. You can start with a message main idea and a few points that you will cover later. The introductory part and the conclusion are best remembered, so pay due attention to them.

3. Avoid long sentences compound words, confusing wording.

4. To make the audience understand you better, use comparisons.

5. Repetition - good way remind listeners of an important thought.

Performance

1. There are a dozen secrets that will help you calm down.

• Before entering the audience, squeeze and unclench your palms several times;
• Breathe slowly and deeply;
• Stand in front of the mirror and repeat to yourself that you will succeed, you are calm and confident.

2. When going out to the audience, smile. So you make the atmosphere warmer and win over the audience.

3. Try to speak as if you are sharing a story. Everyone likes stories, so they will listen to you with interest.

4. Try to be casual. Don't read paper. Don't be afraid to improvise.

5. Don't speak in monotone. Change intonations, this will help to keep the attention of the audience.

6. Engage those present in the discussion. Ask questions to the audience.

7. Take water with you. If you get nervous, take a sip of water. The pause will allow you to catch your breath and calm down so that you can resume your performance with renewed vigor.

8. End with a call. If your words prompted listeners to something, then the goal has been achieved.

9. Before the performance, do not eat dairy products. They provoke the formation of mucus in the throat. This makes it difficult to speak. It is also better to give up garlic, fish and other foods that have a strong odor.