Even in ancient times, people began to notice that a person tends to perceive the information surrounding him differently. This perception is carried out with the help of the sense organs. Thanks to them, a person gets a complete picture of his environment. The question arises: how many sense organs does a person have.

It is believed to be five. They tend to respond to a variety of external factors. These are the sense organs, which will be discussed in the article.

In contact with

Characteristic

The main sense organs are:

1. Eyes - with their help everything that a person sees (vision) is accepted;
2. Nose - recognizes pleasant and unpleasant odors (smell);
3. Ears - perceive vibrations of sounds and take part in the regulation of balance (hearing);
4. Tongue - is responsible for all kinds of taste sensations (taste);
5. Skin - here sensitive nerve endings allow you to feel touch (touch).

These 5 sense organs are conventionally divided into two groups:

1. Tactile - they can be called simple in their nature of impact. It is touch and taste. Because the initial stage of information processing by the brain is carried out with direct contact;
2. Remote - this is sight, hearing, smell. Everything represented by these feelings, the individual perceives remotely. Certain parts of the brain are responsible for creating images and evaluating what they see. At the same time, intricate analytical chains are built.

Let's take a look at each.

Vision

The eyes are considered the most beautiful of the sense organs, they are also called the “mirror of the soul”. They provide 90% of the information about everything around and what is happening. Even in the womb of the fetus, the eyes are formed from two small pimples that emerge from the brain.

In the form of nerve signals, the presented image is sent to the brain center, where they are decoded, assessed and understood.

With the help of six separate muscles, the eye can rotate in different directions and be directed to any object. I would like to note that visual acuity or the ability of the lens and cornea to refraction of light depends on refraction. When rays of light enter the eye, they begin to focus on the retina, forming an image.

excitation in the retina nerve cells leads to the formation of various kinds of impulses, depending on the color and brightness of the light, which are examined and analyzed by the brain. Then everything is folded into human-readable pictures and views.

Hearing

Human ears are made up of three sections:

1. outdoor;
2. Medium;
3. internal.

They act not only as an auditory organ, but also establish the balance and position of the body.

The outer ear starts from the auricle. She conscientiously protects the ear canal from injury. Hairs and special glands are seen in the ear canal. The latter secrete sulfur in order to protect the ear canal from the smallest specks.

The functions of the auricle do not end there. It not only protects the ear from negative influences, but also works as a catching device - with its help, sound vibrations are sent straight to the eardrum.

The middle ear contains the hammer, anvil, and stirrup. With their help, the tympanic membrane communicates with the inner ear, where the cochlea is comfortably located - an important auditory organ. The vibration of the eardrum transforms into nerve impulses that are sent to the brain and read as sound there.

Smell

The air cavities of the skull are closely connected with the nasal passages. Smells are sensed by olfactory nerves, much like hairs, which are located in the upper part of the nasal cavity. With the next breath of air, they delay and examine the incoming molecules. Capture and perfectly determine the smells hovering in the air. Further, they quickly and clearly transmit the received information to the olfactory bulbs, which are associated with the brain center.

Those who like to drag on a cigarette are likely to have an impaired sense of smell. And for allergic or colds it can change for the worse until the body recovers completely. Irreversible loss of smell occurs when a nerve is damaged (for example, with a trauma to the skull) or when the part of the brain that is responsible for recognizing odors is pathological.

Taste

With a detailed examination, we can safely say that the main taste buds are the taste pimples. They are located in large numbers on the surface of the tongue in protruding soft papillae. There are four main taste sensations:

1. Sweet;
2. Sour;
3. Salty;
4. Bitter.

Taste buds that determine each of the above sensations are located on specific parts of the tongue:

1. On the back - bitter;
2. On the sides - sour;
3. On the front - salty;
4. The end is sweet.

It is noticed that taste and smell are interconnected - this helps to capture different aromas. A poorly developed olfactory organ or loss of its functions impairs the sense of taste.

Touch

By touch is meant all the sensations of the skin. They are sent from receptive and specific receptors of nerve endings along the nerves themselves, which are immersed at different distances and depths, into the thickness of the skin.

Free nerve endings respond to touch, a slight increase in temperature, and cold. Some respond to vibration and stretch (closed nerve endings), while others instantly respond to pressure. Thermoreceptors respond to the sensation of heat and cold and rush to send a signal to a certain part of the brain to regulate body temperature without fail.

In a disease that destroys nerve fibers, the peripheral nerve system, or the brain, the sense of touch is more likely to be impaired. Local damage to skin receptors can lead to such unpleasant consequences.

Well-developed sense organs given to us from birth are wonderful helpers in human life. They promote good orientation and adaptation to the environment. Each feeling is unique in its own way and necessary for a full and vibrant life.

The five senses allow us to know the world and respond in the most appropriate way. The eyes are responsible for sight, the ears are responsible for hearing, the nose is responsible for smell, the tongue is responsible for taste, and the skin is responsible for touch. Thanks to them, we receive information about our environment, which is analyzed and interpreted by the brain. Usually our reaction is to prolong pleasant sensations or to stop unpleasant ones.

Vision

Of all the senses available to us, we most often use vision. We can see thanks to a variety of organs: light rays pass through the pupil (hole), the cornea (transparent membrane), then through the lens (a lens-like organ), after which an inverted image appears on the retina of the eye (a thin membrane in the eyeball). The image is converted into a nerve signal by the receptors lining the retina, the rods and cones, and transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. The brain recognizes the nerve impulse as an image, flips it in the right direction and perceives it in three-dimensional form.

Hearing

According to scientists, hearing is the second most commonly used sense. Sounds (air vibrations) travel through the ear canal to the eardrum and cause it to vibrate. Then they pass through the window of the vestibule - a hole closed with a thin film, and the cochlea filled with a liquid tube, while irritating the auditory cells. These cells convert vibrations into nerve signals that are sent to the brain. The brain recognizes these signals as sounds, determining their volume level and pitch.

Touch

Millions of receptors located on the surface of the skin and in its tissues recognize touch, pressure or pain, then send the appropriate signals to the spinal cord and brain. The brain analyzes and decodes these signals, translating them into sensations - pleasant, neutral or unpleasant.

Smell

We are able to distinguish up to ten thousand smells, some of which (poisonous gases, smoke) alert us to imminent danger. Cells located in the nasal cavity detect the molecules that are the source of the smell, then send the appropriate nerve impulses to the brain. The brain recognizes these odors, which can be pleasant or unpleasant. Scientists have identified seven main odors: aromatic (camphor), ethereal, fragrant (floral), ambrosial (the smell of musk - a substance of animal origin used in perfumery), repulsive (putrefactive), garlic (sulphurous) and, finally, the smell of burning. The sense of smell is often called the sense of memory: indeed, the smell can remind you of a very old event.

Taste

Less developed than the sense of smell, the sense of taste reports the quality and taste of food and liquids consumed. Taste cells, located on the taste buds - small tubercles on the tongue, detect flavors and transmit the appropriate nerve impulses to the brain. The brain analyzes and identifies the nature of the taste.

How do we taste food?

The sense of taste is not enough to appreciate food, and the sense of smell also plays a very important role. The nasal cavity contains two olfactory regions that are sensitive to odors. When we eat, the smell of the food reaches these areas that "determine" whether the food is tasty or not.

Article as amended on 06/18/2019

Hello.
You are on the site Two Truths,
and therefore the list of feelings will be compiled in two positions:

The first is described everywhere and is clear to everyone - sense of perception of the external world.
These are our organs (i.e., anatomy), organs that give us information from the outside world.
EXAMPLES:
vision (eyes - we see the image),
hearing (ears - hear sounds)
etc.

The second is stated for the first time here and still requires reflection - feelings of inner state of mind and body.
Basically, it is the reaction of the body to external influences or events. The physiology of the processes and reactions of the body is expressed by the production of a hormone that corresponds to a particular situation.
EXAMPLES:
satisfaction (the hormone serotonin is produced),
fear (the hormone adrenaline or others are produced, up to cortisol, called the “hormone of death”),
sexual desire (an excess of sex hormones, in boys - testosterone, in girls - estrogen)
etc.

And now - the specifics

In everyday life, as well as in literature, it is accepted that a person has five senses. This follows from the phrase - "caught with some kind of sixth sense." The conclusion is clear - a person has five senses. And no more. By sixth sense we mean intuition.

The astronauts object: the sense of balance is an equivalent, equal feeling, we just do not notice its “work”. And intuition then becomes the seventh sense.

The question is: is this a complete list?

If we proceed from the assumption that according to Darwin, man belongs to the animal range, but he is simply on higher level development, then everything, the list is over. But both ancient and modern, educated people it has been noticed that there is something in a person that rejects official science. And this “something” visibly exerts its influence on the behavioral qualities of a person. This "something" stands above the person, above the person. This “something” we call the human soul. This “something” leaves the body of a person at his death and is even recorded by instruments, for example, the soul is weighed, and its weight fluctuates within 3 grams.

Again: we make a list of feelings in two positions:

1) a person without a soul ( homo sapiens, according to Darwin, descended from a monkey);
2) a person has a soul (a highly moral and sensual creature, created in the image and likeness of God).

LIST

HUMAN FEELINGS, they are animal
(i.e. - inherent in the entire animal world).

__one. FEELINGS of perception of the surrounding world,
determined ANATOMICALLY.
1. Vision.
2. Hearing.
3. Smell.
4. Touch.
5. Taste.
6. Balance.
7. ……….?

__2. FEELINGS of self-perception, feelings of manifestation of one’s inner state,
conditioned PHYSIOLOGICALLY.
(Due to temporary hormonal changes or local chemical reactions).
1. Discomfort, anxiety, fear
2. Dissatisfaction (with an unfinished event, an unsaid phrase).
3. Jealousy, rivalry
4. Laziness (here - dystonia disease, here - fatigue)
5. Food hunger (including thirst)
6. Passion (attraction to a specific person, as a threshold of love)
7. Satisfaction and bliss after the actions taken, after receiving the result.

SPIRITUAL FEELINGS, not inherent in animals.

__3. FEELINGS ARE SIMPLE (not everyone has them, but almost everyone is capable of them).
1. Pity, regret, conscience, shame, guilt.
2. Tact, ethical caution (behavior in society or in relation to the "neighbor").
3. Like or dislike (respect or disrespect, sympathy or antisympathy for another person).
4. Pride in oneself (in other words, pride, that is, according to the Bible, it is a mortal sin).
5. Pride for someone (here - patriotism)
6. Intuitive confidence in oneself, in someone, in one's (someone else's) rightness, in one's (someone else's) actions.
7. Feeling of importance in other people (happiness).

__four. COMPLEX FEELINGS (does not appear in everyone, and not all people are capable of complex feelings).
1. A sense of foreseeing the future (intuition, the so-called sixth sense).
2. Feeling of mutual importance and need in another person (respect).
3. Feeling of rejection and rejection of another person, other people (hatred).
4. Sense of musical beat (perception of music, ear for music).
5. Sense of duty (for deeds, to someone).
6. Feeling of "elbow" (interaction with a partner).
7. Feeling of loneliness (discomfort in society, awareness of rejection from "one's" society)

Summing up

1st group of feelings: feelings caused by the presence of organs designed to perceive the world around us.
2- group of feelings: feelings, due to the functional characteristics of the organs of perception.
3rd and 4th groups of feelings: feelings due to the presence of the soul.

NOTES:
1. Two human feelings of the 1st and 4th groups (No. 7 and No. 7) have not yet been determined - at the present time, this question does not have sufficient data to resolve and receive an answer.

1. Intuition cannot belong to the first group of senses, because this property is not of the body, but of the soul.
   3. What is the soul - humanity is not yet known. But purely logically - for the soul, the 7th line remained in the 4th group.

AFTERWORD:

So why is the site called ?
Yes, because

• there are no events in life that have an unambiguous assessment in their essence;
• even, and that does not have an unambiguous answer (moreover, in a purely arithmetic calculus);
• even - and even then science does not know this until now.
  Two Truths means that having known one thing, we are surprised to learn that we did not know something else. And so all my life.

Even Aristotle once identified five basic senses, with the help of which a person exists, these are: hearing, sight, smell, touch and taste. With these psychological tools a person receives primary images about the world around him, which are then analyzed by the brain and give an idea of ​​the location, as well as the further actions of the body.

The sense organs can be divided into two groups: remote and tactile. Remote ones include:

• vision ;
• hearing;
• sense of smell.

All images received by these senses are perceived by the human body at a distance, and certain parts of the brain are responsible for perception, as well as for creating images, thus creating complex analytical chains.

Tactile senses can be called simpler in their mechanism of action, because touch and taste at the primary stage of information analysis by the brain occur only with direct contact.

Basic characteristics of hearing

Hearing can be called one of the very first sensory senses that develops and also begins to function even before a person is born.. In the womb, the baby already feels the vibrations of the voices of loved ones, perceives music, noise, as well as gentle tones in the mother's voice. being born little man already has in memory a certain system of sounds to which it reacts.

The organ of hearing is a very complex mechanism that involves a chain of certain actions. Firstly, the human body is able to hear sound up to 20 kHz. Secondly, the sound enters the body in the form of vibrations that are perceived by the eardrum, which in turn begins to vibrate, thereby activating the small bones. The hammer-ossicle system, in turn, transmits the vibrations of the tympanic membrane at a certain pace to the inner ear, informing the auditory nerve and then directly to the brain, which reproduces in memory the association corresponding to the received information.

For example, in a mobile phone there are a lot of melodies that correspond to a certain opponent, with each call a person does not have to look at the phone screen, he already knows the name of the caller, because in memory there is an association of a melody with a certain person. Or a person hears a pop, he instinctively turns or ducks, because a sharp sound is associated with danger. There are many such examples, but the result will be the same, the organ of hearing gives a person the opportunity to reproduce the associated image, which will provide information about what is happening around.

Main characteristics of vision

Like other sense organs, vision begins to develop even in the womb, but due to the lack of information, namely visual associations, the organ of vision is considered underdeveloped. Of course, the baby sees after birth, he is able to respond to light, to the movement of objects, but there is no information that would correlate the images seen.

Vision is considered one of the main senses, which gives a person 90% of information about the world around him, and of course the visual system is considered the most complex in comparison with other senses. Firstly, the visual organ not only reproduces the object, it simultaneously reports a lot of related data, for example, size, color, location, distance, this is the action of the process itself. Then all the data is transmitted to the brain with distortions and errors, which the brain corrects or supplements with the help of the information already available.

For example, upon seeing a ball, a person will say that it is a toy, while the brain will give out information about a round object, let's say red, that can be played with. Unconsciously, in a fraction of a moment, a person will receive processed information based on previously gained experience. Or let's say, on the water surface in the distance, a person sees a small dot, which, having previous visual experience, transforms it into a boat or a ship.

The main characteristics of the sense of smell

The olfactory organ, as well as other sense organs, develops in the womb, but naturally, because of the amniotic fluid, the child cannot smell, therefore, by the time of birth it does not have associative information. But after birth, after 10 days, he can smell the presence of his mother nearby by smell.

Of course, the olfactory organ cannot be fully called one of the most important senses, since the information received through the sense of smell, in comparison with other organs, is presented in a small amount. However, even a few molecules on the nasal mucosa can bring back many memories in a person's memory through the association between a smell and a certain one. Perhaps precisely because the sense of smell is closely related to psychological perception. environment it is considered the most mysterious and unpredictable person.

British scientists have carried out interesting experiment. In an unfamiliar environment, which causes discomfort for many people, a person felt an unfamiliar aroma that was not unpleasant and at the same time did not cause delight. As a result, when smelling the previously proposed smell again, the person's mood began to deteriorate, and a breakdown manifested itself. Through this experiment, it was proved that, despite the fact that the basis of smell is the organism, the result is all psychological associations.

Main characteristics of taste

• The sense of taste develops and also begins to function already in the womb, when the baby tastes the amniotic fluid and tastes the food that the mother takes. Scientists conducted an interesting experiment, two months before the birth, expectant mothers were asked to eat sweets with a certain taste every day, for example, raspberry. After birth, children in a series of proposed berries were the first to recognize the taste of raspberries;
• At the heart of the perception of taste, as well as smell are chemical reactions organism. As you know, taste is served by the tongue, which is covered with taste buds, and the back wall of the pharynx, palate and epiglottis are also responsible for determining taste. Received through the bulbs with the help of the glossopharyngeal and facial nerve to the brain, where there is already a correlation between having experience and, accordingly, the information received;
• For example, it was previously believed that a person can feel only four tastes in certain parts of the tongue, namely bitter, salty, sour and sweet, but modern people are already able to identify a number of other flavors, such as minty, alkaline, tart and metallic. This is not caused by the progressive development of human taste, but only by the presence of more information, the mechanism of action has remained the same. Taste buds are irritated when exposed to different tastes, and instantly gives out the relevant information.

Basic characteristics of touch

• Of course, the sense of touch, as well as other senses, develop even before birth. The baby with great pleasure feels himself, the umbilical cord and mother's tummy. Thus, he receives information about the environment, because the rest of the senses do not help him yet. After birth, the possibilities of touch increase significantly, because now the world around you can not only be felt, but also seen, heard and tasted, and therefore assigned certain associations;
• The sense of touch is based on tactile sensations that reproduce the received information with the help of nerve endings located under the skin and in the muscles. It receives information about the quality in several ways, by pressure, vibration or sensing the texture of an object. In turn, the brain reproduces the association according to the information received;
• For example, in order to determine by touch a piece of cotton wool, a person does not have to see it. By touch, he will feel the softness and send the appropriate signal to the brain, which will reproduce the corresponding image;
• However, with the help of touch or other senses, it is not possible to evaluate the entire world around us; for this, all five senses in a complex are needed, which are a system for reproducing the environment with the help of association reactions that helps a person to exist.

Broad thinking has the stamina to defend its point of view. Only persistent thought and self-confident people can defend. But it is impossible to stand on your own unshakably all your life. As in boxing, the more nimble, daring, and sometimes unstable wins. Everything has its own comparison, I compared it with sports.

5 five human senses

1. The ability to smell - sense of smell
2. The ability to feel food - taste
3. The ability to feel touch - touch
4. The ability to feel sounds - hearing
5. The ability to feel light - sight

Thinking, no matter how nimble, is still measured and dry. Feelings are not so stable, but they are not clear, they are simply not allowed for the mind. Thought bows before emotions - a knockout of spontaneity.

If everyone were aware of this, perhaps there would be less suffering, less sad stories. This dispute has not yet been started by the mass of mankind, but if it starts, it will turn out no worse than the emergence of the world.

From dispute to dispute, everyone will receive the correct answer written above, but it takes time, an occasion, a meeting, perhaps one look or acquaintance, and maybe business events to understand. It is not necessary to feel it yourself, you can simply feel into the history of the interlocutor who has experienced or is experiencing it, it is advisable to delve into someone else's tragedy. Just a great way to prove that after all a person is born to love, rather than just think.