What is it to be educated. What is an educated person. Requirements for an educated person

A truly educated person is not the one who graduated from any, even a higher, educational institution - you never know ignoramuses, narrow specialists or clever careerists come out of them! Not the one who has read a lot in his lifetime, even a lot, at least the most good books. Not the one who has accumulated in himself, by one means or another, a certain stock, however large, of various kinds of knowledge. This is not the very essence of education.

Its very essence is in the influence that it can and should produce on the surrounding life, in the power that education will give a person to remake the surrounding life, in introducing something new into it, one’s own in one area or another, in one or another her corner. Whether it is a general education or whether it is a special education, all the same, its criterion is the alteration of life, the changes that are made in it with its help.

Especially valuable for us are those educated people who have responsiveness, strength of feeling, energy, will, those who know how to penetrate to their very foundations the spirit of society. It is these, and only these, educated people that we can call intelligent people in the best sense of the word. “What are these educated people to us, who are educated only for themselves and to themselves! one worker writes to us. “We are neither warm nor cold from such people!” Absolutely correct. Russia doesn't need those. The last decade of Russian life has shown quite clearly what kind of educated people the people are waiting for and what many of the most intelligent, capable, sympathetic people from the most diverse sections of the population are trying to become. An intelligent person is such a person who knows and understands life, and its course, and its needs, and its needs to such an extent, who at any moment can prove to be their real spokesman.

To understand the surrounding life is the first task of an educated person. Service to the surrounding life, the nature of this service - this is the touchstone for judging it. Whoever you are, reader, young or old, Russian or foreigner, man or woman, do not forget the social significance of your education, and even more so of self-education. Russian history is unique and changeable. It can force any of you at any moment to become a representative of life, its interests and needs, aspirations and hopes, an exponent of its most urgent demands and workers and fighters for their satisfaction. A truly educated person should always be ready and prepare in advance to be at any moment, in case of need, the spokesman for the needs and needs of the surrounding social life.

It is not in this matter of his, i.e., not in his profession and occupation, that the very essence of man is, but in the man himself, in his attitude to this business of his.

WHAT IS AN EDUCATED PERSON?

What is an educated person and why make yourself such? First of all, you must answer these questions for yourself.

An educated person is not the one who graduated from any, even a higher, educational institution - you never know ignoramuses, narrow specialists or clever careerists come out of them! Not the one who has read many, even very many, at least the best books in his lifetime. Not the one who has accumulated in himself, by one means or another, a certain stock, however large, of various kinds of knowledge. This is not the very essence of education.

Its very essence lies in the influence that it can and should have on the surrounding life, in the power that education gives to a person for reshaping the surrounding life, in introducing something new into it, one’s own in one or another of its areas, in one or another another corner of it. Whether it is a general education or whether it is a special education, all the same, its criterion is the alteration of life, the changes made in it with its help.

The greatest happiness for a person is to feel strong. Of course, we are not talking about physical strength, but about the strength of the spirit. The greatest reformers in science and philosophy - Newton, Pascal, Spencer, Darwin - were physically weak people. There were many such among public figures. The whole point is in the power of the spirit. Without fortitude, there is no strength and education. Without education, in modern times, the spirit is also powerless. This is still not enough for an educated person to have solid, definite, precise knowledge and solid, well-founded opinions based on them. First of all, he must also be a fighter for his opinions. An opinion that he cannot prove, defend against attack, or enforce (whether it is broad or deep is another matter) is of little value. It is especially important for us Russians, for our native people driven by the blind and selfish force of the past into a gloomy dead end, to understand education in the sense of an active, reforming force, and just such a force, because without it it is worthless. We must all understand education as an active and luminous force, not only in itself (this is still not enough!), but precisely in terms of its application in social life.

The greatest value for us, for our homeland at a given historical moment is not the person who has more or less extensive, deep, versatile, accurate and reliable knowledge; and not even the one who knows how to think critically and delve into the surrounding life, understand it in its whole and in particular - this is still not enough! Especially valuable for us are those educated people who have responsiveness, strength of feeling, energy, will, those who know how to penetrate to their very foundations the spirit of society. These, and only these educated people, we can call intelligent people in the best sense of the word.

The last decade of Russian life has shown quite clearly what kind of educated people the people are waiting for and what many of the most intelligent, capable, sympathetic people from the most diverse sections of the population are trying to become. An intelligent person is such a person who knows and understands life, and its course, and its needs, and its needs, to such an extent that at any moment he can prove himself to be their real spokesman.

To understand the surrounding life is the first task of an educated person. Service to the surrounding life, the nature of this service - this is the touchstone for judging it. Whoever you are, reader, young or old, Russian or foreigner, man or woman, do not forget the social significance of your education, and even more so of self-education. Russian history is unique and changeable. It can force any of you at any moment to become a representative of life, its interests and needs, aspirations and hopes, a spokesman for its most urgent demands and a worker and fighter for their satisfaction.

A truly educated person should always be ready and prepare in advance to be at any moment, in case of need, the spokesman for the needs and needs of the surrounding social life. No education, no self-education should, above all, disregard this possibility.<...>

It is not in this his business, i.e., not in the profession and occupation, the very essence of man, but in the man himself, in his respect to this business.

An educated person is first and foremost a servant of life. But not only the surrounding life, not only your corner, your circle, your family, your personality. Education, understood in the best sense of the word, excludes narrowness - the narrowness of thought, knowledge, understanding, mood. The narrowness of the spirit does not see behind the details, behind the particulars, it forgets the whole, the many, the varied, the great.<...>

An educated person is certainly a versatile, and therefore tolerant person. He must be completely alien to the spirit of intolerance and ideological exclusivity, and he cannot but look at every opinion that disagrees with him, first of all, as a fact that must be known and recognized as such. Facts require thoughtful study, discussion and comprehensive assessment. Thus, the first task of a truly educated person is not to be narrow, to develop in oneself a versatile knowledge and understanding of life and the ability to evaluate other people's opinions about life, having one's own, factually substantiated.<...>

on the topic: Educated person - useful person

Introduction

Word and life

What is an educated person?

Requirements for an educated person

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

The state is doing everything possible to ensure that children grow up healthy and happy, receive an excellent education, master new information technology necessary in the 21st century, have become worthy, respected people, patriots of the Fatherland.

As we can see, one of the goals is to provide education, which is enshrined in the fundamental law of the state - the Constitution of the Russian Federation. What is the reason for such goal-setting, how necessary is it, and what is its usefulness, let's try to figure it out now.

Thus, education is the process and result of the assimilation of systematized knowledge, skills and abilities. Consequently, in the process of education, there is a transfer from generation to generation of knowledge of all those spiritual riches that humanity has developed, the assimilation of the results of socio-historical knowledge, reflected in the sciences of nature, society, technology and art, as well as the mastery of labor skills and abilities. Thus, in my opinion, education is a necessary condition for preparing for life and work, the main means of introducing a person to culture and mastering it, the foundation for the development of culture.

Based on the foregoing, I believe that an educated person is a useful person - he is a kind of means of transmitting information.

1. Word and life

"The word of a man is the blood of his heart"(Arabic proverb)

The above proverb of the people of the East means that everything that a person can convey to people useful through words cannot be expressed by him for the benefit of people if this is not experienced and felt by the speaker himself. The word, as one of the important means of communication with people, should be not only a means, but also a special reasonable content - that which gives a person his spiritual experience of life and observation.

Powerfully influencing the minds and feelings of people, such a word passes into the creative process of life and spiritualizes this life, giving it a reasonable content and direction. In the general cultural development of mankind, only from such a direction of human activity have accumulated special spiritual values, such as religion, in its true meaning, which gave moral laws of relationships between people in the field of feeling, and science, which gave abundant material for experience and knowledge in the field of experience and knowledge. material improvement human life.

To liberate a person’s personality from ignorance and awaken the creativity of thought in him, education is necessary - this is the widest acquaintance of a person with the achieved scientific values with a free study of everything that is subject to the attention and judgment of a person.

The need to convey the experience of life, as well as the need to explore the hidden forces of nature, is innate in the feeling of a person as a rational, thinking being. This created a succession of one generation with another, contributing to the further mental development of mankind.

This is the meaning of the human word. The printed word, being a good accomplice of self-education, can only fulfill its high significance when it contains serious and reasonable material that meets the needs of the human spirit, and when the reader treats it with thoughtful disposition.

The reader began to seek in reading not solutions to the serious issues of life, not confirmation of the fidelity of his observations and experiences, but pleasure to himself during the rest, but not from labor, but from the severity of the excesses he overcomes. And since such a reader was born, then, by demand, causing a proposal, a writer appeared, satisfying the taste of this reader, and therefore the word itself, as a means of communication, lost such a high value given to it before, as a means for expressing only special human wisdom. It is worth recalling the words of the poet: "Sow the reasonable, the good, the eternal: sow, - the hearty Russian people will thank you! ..".

From all that has been said, a conclusion should be drawn both for the writer and for the reader, and for the latter, perhaps, an equally serious attitude to reading is necessary, since this helps self-education. The very essence of reading should not consist in a simple mechanical perception of other people's knowledge, other people's thoughts and moods - "what latest book says, then it will fall on the soul "; the essence of reading is to experience your own thoughts and moods excited by what you read, that is, in translating other people's words and thoughts into the language of your spiritual feeling, which is born from the deepening of consciousness into the transmitted thoughts in connection with your observations life.

Only such an attitude creates a condition for the enlightenment and development of human consciousness, for life is, first of all, creativity, and in order to create, this requires an active ability and the ability to understand the surrounding circumstances.

2. What is an educated person?

A truly educated person is not the one who graduated from any, even a higher, educational institution - you never know ignoramuses, narrow specialists or clever careerists come out of them! Not the one who has read many, even very many, at least the best books in his lifetime. Not the one who has accumulated in himself, by one means or another, a certain stock, however large, of various kinds of knowledge. This is not the very essence of education.

Especially valuable for us are those educated people who have responsiveness, strength of feeling, energy, will, those who know how to penetrate to their very foundations the spirit of society. It is these, and only these, educated people that we can call intelligent people in the best sense of the word. What are these educated people to us, who are educated only for themselves and to themselves! one worker writes to us. - We are neither warm nor cold from such people! Absolutely correct. Russia doesn't need those. The last decade of Russian life has shown quite clearly what kind of educated people the people are waiting for and what many of the most intelligent, capable, sympathetic people from the most diverse sections of the population are trying to become. An intelligent person is such a person who knows and understands life, and its course, and its needs, and its needs to such an extent, who at any moment can prove to be their real spokesman.

It is not in this matter of his, i.e., not in his profession and occupation, that the very essence of man is, but in the man himself, in his attitude to this business of his.

In a very dark corner, even the most ordinary candle is an extremely important and literally bright phenomenon, and does an important job, and can even be proud of what it does, the fact that here it pours light where no electric lamps have yet penetrated, and will they penetrate, and when?

Where there is light, there cannot be but the spread of light to others. If there is an educated, thinking, understanding, thoughtful, socially inclined person, he cannot do without public service, and in any case, a person who is incapable of expressing the interests of life is not really an educated person in the best, highest sense of the word.

Our definition of it is somewhat at odds with the usual definition of education. It may be objected to us that it is impossible not to include among the educated and people scientists who are alienated from social activities.

An educated person is certainly a versatile, and therefore tolerant person. It must be completely alien to the spirit of intolerance and ideological exclusivity. Facts require thoughtful study, discussion and comprehensive assessment. Thus, the first task of a truly educated person is not to be narrow-minded, to develop a versatile knowledge and understanding of life and the ability to evaluate other people's opinions about life, having their own.

world outlook and

on the topic: An educated person is a useful person

Introduction

Word and life

What is an educated person?

Requirements for an educated person

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

The state is doing everything possible to ensure that children grow up healthy and happy, receive an excellent education, master the new information technologies necessary in the 21st century, become worthy, respected people, patriots of the Fatherland.

Based on the foregoing, I believe that an educated person is a useful person - he is a kind of means of transmitting information.

1. Word and life

"The word of a man is the blood of his heart"(Arabic proverb)

Powerfully influencing the minds and feelings of people, such a word passes into the creative process of life and spiritualizes this life, giving it a reasonable content and direction. In the general cultural development of mankind, special spiritual values have accumulated only from such a direction of human activity, such as religion, in its true meaning, which has given in the field of feeling the moral laws of relationships between people, and science, which has provided in the field of experience and knowledge abundant material for the material improvement of human life.

From all that has been said, a conclusion should be drawn both for the writer and for the reader, and for the latter, perhaps, an equally serious attitude to reading is necessary, since this helps self-education. The very essence of reading should not consist in a simple mechanical perception of other people's knowledge, other people's thoughts and moods - "what the last book says, it will fall on the soul"; the essence of reading consists in experiencing one’s own thoughts and moods excited by what is read, that is, in translating other people’s words and thoughts into the language of one’s own spiritual feeling, which is born from deepening one’s consciousness into transmitted thoughts in connection with one’s observations of life.

2. What is an educated person?

A truly educated person is not the one who graduated from any, even a higher, educational institution - you never know ignoramuses, narrow specialists or clever careerists come out of them! Not the one who has read many, even very many, at least the best books in his lifetime. Not the one who has accumulated in himself, by one means or another, a certain stock, however large, of various kinds of knowledge. This is not the very essence of education.

It is not in this matter of his, i.e., not in his profession and occupation, that the very essence of man is, but in the man himself, in his attitude to this business of his.

Our definition of it is somewhat at odds with the usual definition of education. It may be objected to us that it is impossible not to include scientists who are alienated from social activity among the educated and people.

“The worldview and the life task and goal of the life of each person is determined by his historical situation”, the conditions of that time and that place, that social and national environment in which we live, although we should not blindly obey these conditions. wiyam. The task of education can be summarized in the following words mi: it should “so guide the development man so that he becomes able to understand his natural and historical environment and act in it. "Educated is he who knows how to quite consciously and with conviction determine his attitude to thoughts and ideas, to life forms and aspirations of his living environment."

3. Requirements for an educated person

knowledge word educated public

Anyone, no matter who he is, can always, with his inner striving, though not without effort, and sometimes even a hard struggle, rise at least one step above the usual level of everyday life. Let this be only a grain of the achieved enlightenment, but it still has benefits for social life. This is said about people who have no other conditions for their enlightenment, as soon as through self-education. But what about those who have had the opportunity to take advantage of all the conditions and means of education? What can be said about a person who has received a comprehensive and complete education?

Life makes more demands on such a person. An educated person must turn all his knowledge into a constant source of light for others. He must enter into the sphere of enlightening and ennobling influence on life itself and become in direct contact with the masses of the people. An educated person should represent that part of society that, like blood in the heart, transforms itself from the coarse material of life into spiritual values for the entire social organism.

It should manifest a special type of social activity. It should be not a dead passive force, but an active heart and brain of the social organism, intelligently uniting with all its directions, as a thinking, feeling and directing force. He must understand and evaluate reality in terms of the public good. An educated person cannot be educated only for himself and to himself - he is educated for everyone and should be a bright phenomenon in the corner where he lives.

Such an increased demand for an educated person is currently being dictated by life itself. It is not enough for an educated person only to know about many scientific things, but he must show by himself how this scientific must be applied to life in communion with people, in short, to live scientifically. And this is already moving into the area of self-knowledge, into the area of feeling. To do this, you must first of all become spiritually stable and strong yourself, you must accumulate in yourself not only the power of thought and reason.

The life of life is littered with many habits with harmful consequences, and this is only because people see examples of the actions of other people in satisfying their harmful whims. The practical application of scientific thought, the formation of separate circles for putting scientific ideas into practice, will create centers that enliven life, from which influence will pass into public life on the creation of a new scientific way of life. folk life. This will be helped by the ability of an educated person to ponder, evaluate and understand the demands of current life.

The ability of an educated person to organize in life, relying on reliable scientific knowledge and impartial moral obligations, should always be the property of society, as material that compensates for the social inequality of mental development, especially if this is inherited from the past conditions of social life. So, only with such a personal relationship of an educated person to life can one call him truly educated in the best and highest sense of the word.

Conclusion

While doing this work, I came to the conclusion that only in the special conditions of the personal activity of an educated person and in his direct contact with the broad masses of the people can a wide opportunity be created for transferring education through a practical life path to the very environment of people's life. If knowledge is transmitted to students within the walls of educational institutions, then outside these walls, consciousness and practice should work.

The scientific value acquired by an educated person obliges him to this special scientific activity in direct contact with people. This, undoubtedly, will greatly facilitate and develop self-education for those who do not have the opportunity to break away from family working life and devote their years exclusively to science. True, one of the types of communication is literature, it is the printed word, which is an intermediary between a thinking educated person and a person who is looking for means for his spiritual development. But after all, the word itself, which is transmitted by literature, comes from those processes of life in which man himself finds himself, according to the expression: "whoever is defeated by whom, that is his slave."

Bibliography

1. Journal "Bulletin" No. 12.

Rubakin N.A. Letters to readers about self-education.

Journal "School and Life".

Bieri P. Otechestvennye zapiski.

In this article, I will only outline the problem that I would like to discuss with my readers and develop this topic further.

Education. We all get an education. Primary, higher, etc.

But what exactly is meant by this word, or process. What do we get as a result of our education. In addition to the formal crust in the form of a diploma.

An educated person - who is it?

*****
As always, it is necessary to start with concepts.

Education from the word " image ”, i.e. in the process of education, a person strives for some kind of image.

That's what it does - education, training, upbringing . Image formation. It is these three categories that will determine the formed image. But at the same time, even pedagogy has not yet decided on a common understanding of these words and their meanings.

In outline.

Who is a trained person?

One who has mastered some skill or skill or specialty.

Who is an educated person ?

Apparently the person whose actions meet the requirements of the norms and morals that society has established.

Who is an educated person ?

A person who owns a system of knowledge and skills necessary for life. But, systematized knowledge, and not scraps, loosely interconnected.

A person can be educated, but uneducated - this is also possible, but more often - on the contrary. The number of combinations can be continued

****
So what image allows you to say that a person - educated.

What does this image include?

Modern education cannot come to a common understanding of what education is. It only divides education into secondary, vocational, economic, humanitarian, technical, and so on.

Those. trying to educate professional knowledge and skills. But in this case we get a person - a professional, but can we say that this is an educated person.

The situation is even worse with regard to self-education; I form the image that I am trying to achieve. But since a person is only trying to become educated through self-education, he still does not understand what kind of image it should be. And he often uses ordinary clichés - I will be successful, rich, happy, and so on. And for this I need to study this and that.

The absence of criteria by which one could judge who an educated person is only leads to the fact that - how many people - so many opinions.

Someone calls it freedom, talks about the uniqueness of the individual, about a kind of self-realization. But in the end, this leads to only one thing - the loss of reference points and meanings.

How to be and what to do ?

The first thing to do is listen to the experts. But who can be considered an expert in this matter?
Perhaps we should start with Rubakin N.A. After all, it was he who raised this question - who is an educated person.

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Rubakin(1862-1946) - Russian book critic, bibliographer, popularizer of science and writer.

Source: Rubakin N.A. Selected works in 2 volumes. v.2, p. 156.

Further, he proposes to single out in self-education three main sides: firstly, natural phenomenon in physical sense, Secondly – social phenomenon, and thirdly - thinking, believing personality .

The main thing is to know all these three sides, but more importantly, their mutual connection and influence.

As an option general education it offers a program divided into departments such as:
1. Language and its history.
2. Literature and its history.
3. Morality and its history.
4. Literary-social and social trends among which we are brought up and their history.
5. Mankind as a whole and its history.
6. Religious-church system and its history.
7. Family structure and its history.
8. The system of education, public education and enlightenment and its history.
9. State and legal system and its history.
10. Social and economic system and its history.
11. Society, its essence and origin.
12. Tribes and races, their distribution on earth.
13. Psyche, phenomena of spiritual life, their essence and origin.
14. The human body, its structure and life.
15. The animal kingdom, its composition and life.
16. Kingdom of plants, its composition and life.
17. The kingdom of organisms in general, as a whole, and its origin and history.
18. Earth and the changes taking place with him and on him.
19. inorganic matter, of which the Universe consists, the changes that have taken place and are taking place with it.
20. Forces of nature, their transformation and history.
21. Universe (Cosmos) as a whole, its history (evolution).
22. Mathematics and its history.
23. Logic and epistemology.
24. Philosophy and its history.

Based on the study of these 24 branches of knowledge and comparative acquaintance with other people's opinions, theories, a person will be able to develop his own worldview.

*****
We can agree that having studied the above areas, a person will have a broad outlook, will be able to state and substantiate his point of view on various issues.

But ... again, I personally could not see in this that " image ” to which the person goes. Yes, the amount of knowledge, yes, it will probably add up to the system, but in my opinion, something is missing here.

Yes, and Rubakin N.A. in his book " How to educate yourself ", writes: " A truly educated person is not the one who considers himself "educated", not the one who graduated from any, at least a higher, educational institution - you never know ignoramuses, narrow specialists or clever careerists come out of them! Not the one who has read many, even very many, at least the best books in his lifetime. Not the one who has accumulated in himself a certain reserve, even a very large one, of various knowledge. This is not the very essence of education.

Its very essence is in the influence that it can and should have on the surrounding life - in the power that education gives, in bringing something new into it, one’s own in this or that area, in one or another of its corners. Whether this education is general or special, it doesn't matter, its criterion is the alteration of life, the changes that are made in it with its help.».

Further, he defines the tasks for a person who aspires to become educated:
1. Look closely at the surrounding life and think about it;
2. To study, know and understand it;
3. Be able to act in it;
4. To do this, have training:
a) general, i.e. broad outlook;
b) special, professional.

****
But here, too, I did not see the image of a person worth striving for. Yes - again knowledge, yes - skills, the ability to bring something new. But this is not enough for the image.

Most likely, this “image” is associated not only with education, training and upbringing.

What is this “image” that should form “education” ?
I hope my readers have their own opinion on this matter.

I look forward to your comments.

Sincerely, Nikolay Medvedev.

11 comments on the entry “An educated person - who is this?”

As I understand it, education forms the future way of thinking of a person, his actions and influence on the people around him. With the help of knowledge gained in educational institution and the image of the future specialist is formed. For example, a person wants to become a doctor and for this he enters a medical institute and after graduation, the society receives the image of a doctor. And the standard of an educated person probably does not exist. Maybe I somehow understand the essence of the issue under discussion in my own way, but at the moment I have such an opinion.

Thanks Alex for your comment!
Yes, indeed, any education (medical, humanitarian, musical, mathematical, technical, etc.) prepares a specialist, and apparently has this image of a specialist.
Perhaps it also forms the way of thinking, actions and influence (which is what you are talking about), but still training is limited to the framework of those disciplines that are studied in a particular institution.
Higher education is not a guarantee of education.
We can say that this is a trained specialist. But is the concept of an educated person limited to a specialty?
Most likely it is more general characteristics person than just an expert.

What a chic theme - "An educated person - who is this?" or, in other words, "What is education?" This is really unlimited scope for creative research. Many thanks, Nikolai, for such an interesting, relevant and vital topic. After all, education is what we hope for in order to have a chance to survive in this world and be able to live with dignity.

I already see many approaches to this powerful topic and, most likely, I will not be able to cover and state everything in one comment. In order to answer this difficult question, in my opinion, it is necessary, firstly, to consider this topic as globally as possible, then from above the picture will be seen most fully and, secondly, to turn to recognized experts who have studied this issue professionally. The greatest such specialist, it seems to me, can be called Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy.

“A lot of knowledge is necessary and important.

But the most important thing is how to live.”

Lev Tolstoy

While fundamentally dealing with issues of education, the great Leo Tolstoy drew attention to the fact that development is mistakenly taken as a goal, that teachers promote development, and not the harmony of development, and this is the eternal mistake of all pedagogical theories.

Indeed, it is indisputable that it is not the amount of knowledge that determines a person's education, but something qualitative in this knowledge. The question then becomes how to measure this quality. And to answer it, you need to understand what is the goal of education, what is the end product of education? Let's look at this picture globally. Man is not born as a man in the same way as all higher beings. They, like a person, become such only in the process of long-term training. A person needs to learn not only and not so much those subjects, the knowledge of which will allow him to earn a living, but also, as Tolstoy said, the ability to live. Live harmoniously, qualitatively. And the quality of life is measured by the level of human happiness. On the one hand, a person needs to learn how to be a specialist in order to earn a living, on the other hand, a person needs to be able to interact with society and the world around him, as well as with himself, in order to be happy. On the third hand, a person, living in a society and being a social being, must make some contribution to the strengthening of this society. Indeed, historically and evolutionarily, we know that man, as a species, could take place and dominate all other types of life on earth only thanks to his social structure and social labor. Based on this, education should give its final product a perfect person in different plans or spheres of life, so that he can not only provide for himself and his family and make life happy, but also help his KIND, MOTHERLAND, society. After all, it is not without reason that the most respected quality in a person has always been considered NOBILITY, his activity for the GOOD OF THE KIND, HOMELAND. Therefore, in addition to the ability to live well on your own and the ability to create a happy family, an educated person must have unshakable principles for protecting the interests of his KIND, MOTHERLAND. In this regard, studying abroad with the subsequent use of one's skills and knowledge, not in the interests of the Motherland, cannot in any way be considered education, it will already be the transformation of a person into someone else.

So, the image of a person who should become educated is already clear - this is, first of all, a person with capital letter, a person who has absorbed samples of true humanity from the teachers of humanity, a person who knows how to create harmony wherever he is, because, in fact, this is the quality of life - to create harmony and be able to act effectively, realizing one's potential, one's abilities and discovering new and new potential opportunities. This person must also be devoted to his “community”, to his family, because the integrity of the community is the integrity of each person. Under this condition, we will have a 100% survival rate. This is how our Slavic ancestors lived, and such examples can be found among wild tribes not spoiled by civilization. Here, for example, is the parable "OBONATO".

An American anthropologist invited children from an African tribe to play one game. He placed a basket of fruit near the tree and announced, turning to the children: “Whoever of you reaches the tree first will be rewarded with all the sweet fruits.” When he signaled to the children to start the race, they clasped their hands tightly and ran all together, and then they all sat together and enjoyed delicious fruits. The amazed anthropologist asked the children why they all ran together, because each of them could enjoy the fruit for himself. To which the children replied: "Obonato." "Obonato" in their language means: "I exist because we exist."

Is it possible for one to be happy if everyone else is sad?..

The second interesting point is how to carry out education? Here, too, an interesting idea can be gleaned from Lev Nikolaevich. In the Yasnaya Polyana school, Tolstoy organized experimental training, as a result of which he created an integral, harmonious system of teaching methods. The teacher, according to Lev Nikolaevich, is likened to a bad sculptor who, instead of scraping off the excess, sticks, inflates, patches up conspicuous irregularities, corrects, educates. If we carefully consider the word EDUCATION, then, in addition to the word IMAGE, we will also see the ancient syllable RA, meaning the primordial light, of which everything that exists, which, as is known, has already been proven by science. Proceeding from this, we will get what Tolstoy is talking about - everything already exists in a person, because he is created in the image and likeness of God, you just need to reveal this in him, clarify, highlight. This is what Lev Nikolaevich did in his education, striving to reveal his potential as a Creator in each student. According to Lev Nikolaevich, “If a student at school does not learn to create anything himself, then in life he will always only imitate, copy.”

Thanks Konstantin for your participation in the discussion of the proposed topic.
I assumed that this topic would be of interest to readers, but unfortunately the number of comments leaves much to be desired.
We often use important terms without thinking about what is behind them. Everyone strives to give their children an education, in the end - behind this there is only a prestigious diploma. Well, knowledge of course. But education is not only professional knowledge. I would even say that they are not at all.
The image that is being formed is what matters most. I fully agree with your description of this image.
The question is in terms of humanity. After all, the image of a person is manifested in his worldview. And this worldview is formed from conscious and accepted values. The question is what are these values.
For example, for me, these are Christian Orthodox values. Hence my outlook. But I came to this by passing long haul throwing from Eastern worldviews to Western pragmatic ones.
For today's life, perhaps Western approaches are more attractive, especially for young people. Hence the image - successful, financially secure, aimed at self-realization. But what spiritual values will determine the way to achieve this image?
Therefore, I believe that education, education, image - should form a worldview on the basic values on the basis of which everything else is built. Values form beliefs, and then behavioral norms.
But the question remains, where do these values come from? You can come up with new, modern, progressive ones, or you can start from historical traditions, including traditional religion.

Thank you very much Konstantin for your detailed and interesting addition to the Education topic.

In my opinion, it is very important to be able to see and communicate with the bearers of culture. After all, you can have knowledge of history, culture, but at the same time remain only an encyclopedist.

I really liked the parable “The Light of the Soul”, a meeting with a person with a bright soul gives a lot, including the right guidelines.

And I wish there were more people like that. Actually this is the image to which it would be worth striving, in my opinion.

It is not necessary to remake the whole world, it is enough to create this bright world in your environment. So that your immediate environment becomes better, and accordingly it will form the next circle of good and bright.

We need such examples, they are both in books and in films (though in earlier ones). But it is better that these bearers of culture meet in life, who, by their example, show the image that brings light.

Communicating with such people (or even just reading them), you yourself become brighter and cleaner, and perhaps it is this communication that will make many think about their development. And also about the knowledge that is worth making an effort. To knowledge that makes a person better.

In fact, the image of a person in the parable “The Light of the Soul” is exactly the one that we would like to see. The whole question is how this can be achieved.

Thank you again!

"Turn to Poetry"

In fact, there are many things that cannot be expressed in Western languages, because the Eastern approach to reality is fundamentally, essentially, intrinsically different. Sometimes it happens that you can look at the same things from both the east and the west side, and on the surface the conclusions may look similar, but this is not the case. If you go a little deeper, if you dig a little deeper, you will find big differences - not ordinary differences, but extraordinary ones.

Just yesterday I was reading a famous haiku by Basho, a Zen mystic and master. To a Western mind, or a mind educated in a Western fashion, this will not seem like great poetry. And now the whole world is educated in the Western way; The West and the East have disappeared - as far as education is concerned.

Listen very carefully, because this is not what you call great poetry, but this is great insight - which is much more important. There is immense poetry in it, but to feel that poetry you have to be very subtle. It cannot be understood intellectually; this can only be understood intuitively.

Here is the haiku:

When I look closely

I see plantain

Flowering at the fence!

There seems to be nothing in this great poetry. But let's approach this with more sympathy, because Basho has been translated into English language; his own tongue has a completely different texture and flavor.

Plantain is a very ordinary flower, it grows by itself by the road, it is a flowering herb. She is so ordinary that no one ever looks at her. It is not a precious rose, it is not a rare lotus. It is easy to see the beauty of the rare lotus floating in the lake, the blue lotus... how can you not see it? For a moment you are sure to be captured by its beauty. Or a beautiful rose dancing in the wind, in the sun... for a split second it captures you. She is stunning. But plantain is a very common, common plant. He needs neither care nor a gardener; it grows by itself, anywhere. It takes a meditator to look closely at a plantain, a very delicate consciousness; otherwise you will pass by without noticing it. He has no obvious beauty, his beauty is deep. Its beauty is the beauty of the very ordinary, but the ordinary itself contains the extraordinary - even the plantain flower. You will miss it unless you penetrate it with a sympathetic heart.

When you read Basho for the first time, you will be surprised: “What is so important about the plantain that blooms near the fence?”

In Basho's poem, the last syllable, kana in Japanese, is translated as an exclamation point because we have no other way to translate it. But kana means "I am amazed!" Where does this beauty come from? Does it come from plantain? - because thousands of people passed by, and perhaps no one ever looked at this little flower. And Basho was captured by his beauty, he was transferred to another world. What happened? It is not actually a plantain, otherwise it would attract everyone's eye. It is Basho's insight, his open heart, his compassionate vision, his meditativeness. Meditation is alchemy: it can turn base metals into gold, it can turn plantain into lotus.

When I look closely...

And the word attentively means intensively, with awareness, deliberately, meditatively, with love, with care. One can look without caring at all, and then one will miss the whole point. The word must be carefully remembered in all its meanings, but the root of this word means meditativeness. And what does it mean if you see something meditatively? It means no mind, no mind to look, no clouds of thoughts in the sky of consciousness, no passing memories, no desires... nothing at all, a mere void.

When you look in such a state of no-mind, even the plantain flower is transported to another world. He becomes a heavenly lotus, he is no longer part of the earth; the extraordinary is found in the ordinary. And this is the way of the buddha. To find the extraordinary in the ordinary, to find everything in the now, to find the whole in it—Gautama Buddha calls it tathata.

Haiku base is the haiku of tathata. This plantain - seen with love, with care, heart, cloudless consciousness, in a state of no-mind - and the person is amazed, the person is in awe. There is a great surprise: how is this possible? This plantain... if plantain is possible, anything is possible. If a plantain can be so beautiful, Basho can be a Buddha. If a plantain can contain such poetry, then every stone can become a sermon.

When I look closely, I see a plantain blooming by the fence!

Cana - I'm amazed! I'm speechless; I can say nothing about his beauty - I can only hint at it.

The haiku just hints, the haiku only points, in a very indirect way.

A similar situation can be found in the famous poetry of Tennyson; if you compare them, it will help you a lot. Basho represents the intuitive, Tennyson the intellectual. Basho represents the East, Tennis represents the West. Basho represents meditation, Tennyson the mind. They seem similar, and sometimes Tennyson's poetry can seem more poetic than Basho's because it's direct, it's obvious.

A flower in a cracked wall

I pull you out of the crack

I hold you, with the root and all that exists, in my hand,

Little flower...

If I could understand

What are you, with the root and all things, all in all,

I would know what God and man are.

A fine piece, but nothing compared to Basho. Let's see where Tennyson is completely different.

First: A flower in a cracked wall, I pull you out of the crack...

Basho just looks at the flower, doesn't pluck it. Basho is passive awareness - Tennyson is active, violent. In fact, if you are really impressed by this flower, you cannot pick it. If a flower has reached your heart, how can you pluck it? To break it is to destroy it, to kill is murder! No one thought Tennyson's poetry was murder, but it is murder. How can something so beautiful be destroyed?

But that is how the mind works; he is destructive. He wants to possess, and possession is possible only in destruction.

Remember, every time you own someone or something, you destroy something or someone. Do you own a woman? You are destroying her, her beauty, her soul. Do you own a man? - he is no longer a human being; you reduce it to an object, to a commodity.

Basho looks “attentively”—just looks, doesn't even stare. Only a look, soft, feminine, as if he is afraid to hurt the plantain.

Tennyson pulls the flower out of the crack and says:

I hold you, with the root and all that exists, in my hand, a small flower... It remains separate. The observed and the observer do not merge anywhere, do not fuse, do not meet. Is not love story. Tennyson attacks the flower, uproots it and everything that exists, holds it in his hand.

The mind feels good with everything that it can own, that it can control, that it can hold in its hand. The meditative state of consciousness is not interested in possession, holding, because these are all ways of the violent mind.

And he says: "little flower" - the flower remains small, he himself remains on a high pedestal. He is a man, he is a great intellectual, he is a great poet. He remains in his ego: "little flower."

For Basho, there is no question of comparison. He says nothing about himself, as if he does not exist at all. There is no observer. So great is beauty that it brings transcendence. Here is a plantain flower blooming near the fence - kana - and Basho is simply amazed, shocked to the very roots of his being. Beauty is stunning. Instead of owning this flower, he is captured by it. He surrenders totally to the beauty of this flower, the beauty of this moment, the blessing here and now.

A little flower, says Tennyson, if I could only understand...

It is an obsession with the desire to understand! Admiration is not enough, love is not enough; understanding must be, knowledge must be produced. Without arriving at some kind of knowledge, Tennyson cannot relax. The flower has turned into a question mark. For Tennyson it's a question mark, for Basho it's an exclamation point.

And there is a huge difference between them - a question mark and an exclamation mark.

For Basho, love is enough. Love is understanding. Can there be more understanding? But Tennyson seems to know nothing about love. There is only his mind, thirsty for knowledge.

If only I could understand what you are, with the root and all that exists, all in all ...

Mind is a constant perfectionist. Nothing must remain unknown, nothing must be allowed to remain unknown and mysterious. The root and all that exists, all in all must be understood. As long as the mind does not know everything, it remains in fear - because knowledge gives power. If there is something mysterious, you are doomed to remain in fear, because the mysterious cannot be controlled. And who knows what is hidden in the mysterious? Maybe an enemy, maybe a danger, some kind of threat? And knows what it will do to you? Before it can do anything, it has to be understood, it has to be known. Nothing should remain mysterious.

But then all poetry disappears, all love disappears, all mystery disappears, all wonder disappears. The soul disappears, the song disappears, the celebration disappears. Everything is known - then there is nothing of value. Everything is known - then there is nothing that is worth anything. Everything is known – then life has no meaning, no importance. See this paradox: first the mind says, "Know it all!" – and then when you know, the mind says, “There is no meaning to life.”

You destroyed the meaning, and now you crave the meaning. The mind is very destructive in regard to meaning. And since he insists that everything must be known, he cannot admit a third category, the unknowable, which remains unknowable forever. Namely, in the unknowable is the meaning of life.

All great values: beauty, love, God, prayer - everything that is really important that makes life worth living, constitutes the third category: the unknowable is a miracle. The unknowable is another name for God, another name for the mysterious and wonderful. Without it, there can be no wonder in your heart – and without wonder, the heart is not a heart at all, and without awe you lose something immensely precious. Then your eyes are full of dust, they lose their clarity. Then the bird goes on singing, but you are not affected, nothing moves in you, your heart is not touched, because you already know the explanation.

The trees are green, but their greenery does not make you a dancer, a singer. It doesn't create poetry in your being because you know the explanation: chlorophyll makes trees green. Then there is nothing left of poetry. When there is an explanation, poetry disappears. All explanations are utilitarian, they do not refer to the ultimate.

If you don't trust the unknowable, then how can you say that a rose is beautiful? Where is her beauty? It is not a chemical component of the rose. A rose can be analyzed, but you will not find any beauty in it. If you do not believe in the unknowable, you can perform an autopsy on a person, posthumously, and you will not find any soul in him. And you can go on looking for God, and you will not find him anywhere, because he is everywhere. The mind goes on missing it because the mind wants it to be an object, and God is not an object.

God is vibration. If you are tuned to the soundless sound of existence, if you are tuned to the sound of one hand clapping, if you are tuned to what the Indian mystics called anahat - the ultimate music of existence, if you are tuned to the mysterious, you will know that there is only God, and there is nothing another. Then God becomes synonymous with existence.

But these things cannot be understood, these things cannot be reduced to knowledge - and that is where Tennyson misses, misses the whole point. He says:

Little flower - if only I could understand what you are, with the root and everything that exists, everything in everything, I would know what God and man are.

But all this is “would” and “if”.

Basho knows what God and man are, in this exclamation mark - kane. "I'm amazed, I'm surprised... the plantain is blooming by the fence!"

Maybe it's a full moon night, or maybe it's early morning - I see the real Basho, standing by the side of the road, motionless, like his breath has stopped. Plantain... and so beautiful. All the past is gone, all the future is gone. There are no more questions in his mind, just pure amazement. Basho became a child. Again those innocent eyes of a child, looking at the plantain, attentively, lovingly. And in this love, in this care, there is a completely different kind of understanding - not intellectual, not analytical. Tennyson intellectualizes the whole phenomenon and destroys its beauty.

Tennyson represents the West, Basho represents the East. Tennyson represents the male mind, Basho the female. Tennyson represents the mind, Basho the no-mind.

You are extraordinary even in a dream.

I won't touch your clothes.

I doze - and behind the slumber is a mystery,

And in secret - you will rest, Russia.

Russia is surrounded by rivers

And surrounded by wilds,

With swamps and cranes,

And with the cloudy gaze of a sorcerer.

Where are the diverse peoples

From edge to edge, from valley to valley

Conduct night dances

Under the glow of burning villages.

Where are the sorcerers with the soothsayers

Enchant cereals in the fields,

And witches amuse themselves with devils

In road snow pillars.

Where the blizzard sweeps violently

Fragile housing up to the roof,

And girl on an evil friend

Under the snow it sharpens more sharply.

Where are all the ways and all the crossroads

Exhausted with a living stick,

And a whirlwind whistling in the bare bars,

Sings the legends of old...

So I learned in my slumber

Country native poverty,

And in the patches of her rags

Souls hide nakedness.

Path sad, night

I trampled to the graveyard,

And there, in the cemetery, spending the night,

I sang songs for a long time.

And he did not understand, did not measure,

To whom did I dedicate the songs,

What god did you passionately believe in?

What girl did you love?

I rocked a living soul,

Russia, in your open spaces, you,

And now - she did not stain

original purity.

I doze and behind the slumber is a mystery,

And Russia rests in secret,

She is extraordinary in dreams.

I won't touch her clothes.

Thanks Konstantin!
I read it with pleasure.
Indeed, we have ceased to see beauty in ordinary things.
According to Gurdjieff, we are asleep, but a meeting with nature can help us wake up, at least for a while. One has only to want to see her beauty.
With respect, Nicholai.

There are people - "sunsets"

and people - "dawns".

There are people - "sunsets" and people - "dawns",

Some with a negative, others with a "hello".

But those with "hello" are often smiling,

And those that are "sunsets" are usually unhappy.

Communicating with some, you feel the cold,

With others and at seventy, it seems young.

And you are charged with light from some,

With others, he is not around the clock.

But, if you give it to a person - "sunset"

A piece of warmth that once disappeared

And not to blame, which is sad in the heart,

He also wants to warm and warm.

After all, people - sunsets, as people - sunrises,

I would like to fortunately go for a ticket,

But they were just afraid to love disinterestedly,

Therefore, they were angry and biting painfully.

And people - dawns become too

People with negativity, like a cloud of similar ...

When the gratitude in the soul disappears,

That sky turns dawns into sunsets.

I, too, am sometimes on edge,

But I know that sadness goes away with the dawn.

And let someone say: “But he is with greetings ...”

There are people - "sunsets" and people - "dawns".

Thanks Konstantin!
Wonderful poems.
I immediately tried it on to my surroundings. There are enough of both, but still there are more people-dawns.
With respect, Nicholai.

A few years after reading this OSHO article, I had the same experience, but, it seems to me, even more unusual, because. this is not about the beauty of a flower, albeit an inconspicuous one, but about an even more common phenomenon, in which it is difficult to even suspect beauty.

It was already I won’t say exactly when, but given how quickly time flies, I won’t be mistaken if I say that about a year ago. I was at home and ended up near the window into the courtyard between the houses. Opposite was another house, along which tall poplars grew, almost the height of nine-story buildings. There was a wind and the poplars swayed, rustling their leaves. The usual picture, nothing to look at. But the moment I looked out the window and saw one of the poplars swaying in the wind and rustling its leaves, I couldn't take my eyes off it. My state at that moment can probably be called fascination with this poplar, or, in other words, to say that at that moment I had some kind of enlightenment. Because I saw something that I had never seen in any tree before. It is even difficult for me to find words, no matter what epithets I use, they still cannot convey that greatness, that extraordinary beauty of a well-coordinated organism in its harmonious and magnificent movement. The swaying of the tree and the rustling of its leaves was so divinely beautiful that I can't call it anything other than a symphony. It was amazing. The mighty tree and its countless leaves produced such a synchronous, well-coordinated and unusually harmonious and at the same time majestic movement that there was no doubt that he had a magnificent conductor. It was divine music expressed in movement. Ballet is also music in motion, but still the movements of people in ballet are not so natural and harmonious, they have sharpness, impulsiveness, some quanta of movements with transitions from one movement to another. Here everything was continuous, continuous and at the same time changeable, but without abrupt transitions, smoothly and solemnly. Of course, the takeoff of a rocket also has its own beauty, but the sunrise is also the movement of a body, although it is celestial in its smoothness, continuity and naturalness, it produces a completely different impression than the movement of a rocket.

So it was with the poplar, its swaying and the rustle of its leaves created such a beauty of movement that it was clear that it could not be more beautiful, because. it is natural, most perfect, natural beauty. I was completely captivated by this beauty and just like Basho was speechless. And, of course, just like Basho, I was not at all worried about the structure of this movement, its secret. And, as Blok said in his poem about Russia, I will not touch her clothes. And in fact, at that moment I didn’t need anything else, if only this movement continued to exist and I could admire it.

What else can I say? I consider this experience, as well as stopping the internal dialogue, the most unusual experiences in life.

It can be compared to stereo pictures, if you know what it is. There are pictures that improve vision, but which you need to look at not the way we usually look, but in a completely different way, and then you begin to see in them what it was completely impossible to even imagine at first, they become voluminous, a lot of things appear in them. levels in depth and the initial view of the picture has nothing to do with this.

Education is training and upbringing ... Something like that))) It only remains to understand what we mean by the concept of upbringing? Who educates us, in what environment? The concept of morality, norms, etc. Or maybe it is worth decomposing the concept of education into poorly educated or well-educated, and then we will understand? You can talk a lot and talk even more, the main thing seems to me that a person always strives for improvement both in knowing more and in improving his attitude to the world around him from the point of view of education. How far can we go in our cultivation? No one knows. How big is the universe? No one knows. I apologize for my Russian)))

11 comments on the entry “An educated person - who is this?”

Read also