Learning to write suffixes “-Yonok”, “-Onok. The meaning of the word -onok- in the explanatory dictionary of Ephraim Nouns with the suffix yonok

Educational Purpose: learn to form new words with suffixes
- ONOK -, - ENOK-.

Development goal: enrichment of the dictionary with words naming baby animals, as well as generalizing words, development fine motor skills fingers, creative thinking.

educational goal: education of communication skills.

Equipment: pictures of animals, cards.

During the classes

1. Organizational moment.

2. Actualization of basic knowledge.

BUT). Do you remember what we talked about in the last lesson? (On diminutive suffixes).
What is the suffix for? (For the formation of new words).
What suffixes do you know? (onk, enko, ear, yushk, yshk, to, points, echk).
- Find the missing word.
Apple, apricot, orange. (Apple because there is no suffix in the word, in other words there are diminutive suffixes).
- Give me one word. (Fruit) .
- Carrot, tomato, cucumber. (Tomato) .
- Give me one word. (Vegetables) .
- Masha, Larisonka, Olenka. (Masha).
- Give me one word. (Names).
How do we call objects using diminutive suffixes?
(Affectionately).

B). The development of fine motor skills of the fingers.

To work well and quickly, let's do exercises for the fingers.
We sculpted a bun
From the anguish of his side.
Crushed, crushed, squeezed
The ball was created round.
They rolled on the palm,
We removed the other one.
slightly tossed up
And caught by the side.
If you like him
Help yourself, I'll give it.

3. Formation of new concepts.

Work on the board and on the card.

Guess who we're talking about today?
They run in the forest and in the field.
They swim in the river and in the sea.
Can jump and fly
And they can become friends.
But in big city,
The zoo is their main home. (These are animals). Slide number 2.

What animals do you know? (Tigers, lynxes, bears).
- Listen to the word ANIMALS.
- How many vowels are in the word ANIMALS? (four).
How many syllables are in this word? (four).
- Why? (Since there are 4 vowels here).
How many consonants are in this word? (5).
- How many sounds are there? (9).
- Lay out the scheme of the word.
Now write this word in your notebook.
- How many letters are in the word? (eight).
Why are there more sounds in a word than letters? (The letter E after vowels is 2 sounds). What word is hidden in the word ANIMALS? (STOMACH, HERE).

Guys! The word ANIMALS is Old Slavonic. It was formed from the word LIFE-
LIFE (not sparing your belly means not sparing your life).
- What is the root in the word ANIMALS? (STOMACH).
- So, what single-root words can be matched to the word? (STOMACH,
TUMMY).

Write down these words, highlight the root. (BEAUTY).
What rule did you remember? (JI-SHI).
Well done guys, you did a great job.
Today we are going to visit the zoo. But our animals are in trouble.
- They lost their babies. Let's return the cubs to their mothers.
- Guess which animals lost them.

Sharp teeth, he has no time for games.
Striped and formidable ...... (Tiger). Slide number 3.
- What do we call a tiger cub? (Tiger). Slide #4.
- Here the tiger cub returned to his mother.
- Name the root in words TIGER, TIGER CUB. (Tiger).
- What part of the word helped us name the tiger cub? (Wizard ENOK).
- Today we have a lesson topic ... ( Suffixes for baby animals). Write the suffix in the word on the card, highlight it.

Well done boys.
The king of beasts is a big cat.
Roar with evil a little.
He sleeps in a lair, having eaten,
Wears a mane, formidable ...... .. (Lion). Slide number 5.
-Name the lion cub. (Lion cub). Slide #6.
-Here is a lion cub with his mother.
- Add a suffix to a word, highlight the root.

A fluffy tail sticks out from the top.
What is this strange animal?
Cracks nuts finely
Well, of course it is……. (Squirrel). slide number 7.
- Name the baby squirrel. (Squirrel). slide number 8.
- Thank you guys, the squirrel is glad that now she and the squirrel are together.
-Add a suffix to a word, highlight the root.

He lives in a deaf forest,
He is big and chubby.
Likes berries and honey
And in winter he sucks his paw. (Bear). slide number 9.
- Name the baby bear. (Bear cub). slide number 10.
- Here is the mother bear hugging her cub.
- Add a suffix to this word, highlight the root.
- You guys completed the task correctly, and now all the animals with their
children are very happy to be together.
- What part of the word helped us name the baby animals? (Wizard - suffix ONOK, ENOK).
- When is the suffix ONOK written in a word? (After a hard consonant).
- When is ENOK written in the word? (After a soft consonant.)

4. And now we will be poets. Our task is to return the words to their place.

Slides number 11-12.
(Work on cards and pictures).
Insert words that are appropriate in meaning, naming the baby animals.

_________ is tall.

___________________ has a fluffy tail.

______________________ have strong horns.

_________ has thin legs.

_______________________ has thick lips,

_________ have strong teeth.

Think about the hedgehog, about the snake and about the siskin yourself. (Orally).
(A hedgehog has sharp needles). (Uzhonka has a nimble body.) (A chizhonka has fast wings.).
Reference words:(Chicken, elephant, wolf, monkey, goat, fox).
What suffixes do we use to form the names of animals?
(ONOK, ENOK).
What word does not form the name of a cub? (Monkey).

5. And now we are writers, we will change the story.

Slides #13-14.
(Work on cards).
- Change the word HARE according to the meaning so that you get a coherent story.

Lived in the forest (hare). Lived with him (hare).
They had a small (hare). Another (hare) family lived next to them.
- Name the same part - the root in the words.
Why are they related? (Same meaning).
- Name a word for a baby hare. (Hare).
- Which Wizard helped you form word - name baby rabbit?
(Suffix ONOK).

6. A game for the most attentive guys.

(Oral work with pictures of animals).
-Listen to the beginning of the sentence and add the end according to the meaning, naming the adult
animal or its young. Be careful. Don't fall into the trap.
Once upon a time there was a little puppy, he grew up, however.
And now he is not a puppy, but ...... (adult dog).
The foal grew up every day and became .... (horse).
A bull, a mighty giant in childhood was ... (a calf).
A fat goof is a ram with a thin ... (lamb).
This important cat Fluff is small .... (kitten).
And the brave cockerel is a tiny ... (chicken).
And ducks grow from little goslings ... ..
Especially for kids, those who love jokes.

What mistake did you notice in the poem? (Instead of DUCK, add the word GESE).
- How to name these animals in one word? (Pets).
What 2 groups can these animals be divided into? (Animals and birds).
How are animals different from birds? (Birds have feathers.)

7. Reflection.

What part of the word was visiting today? (Wizard-suffix ONOK, ENOK).
What do we form with the suffix? (New words-names
baby animals).

List of used literature.

1. Entertaining ABCs. Moscow. Education. 1998.
2. Entertaining grammar. Moscow. Knowledge. 1995.
3. Correction of oral and writing students primary school. Moscow.

The purpose of the lesson: formulate and teach how to change the spelling rule of suffixes -onok-, -enok-.

Tasks:

1. To form the ability to find and highlight the suffix in words;

2. Develop the ability to observe words, formulate the learning task of the lesson, answer the questions posed.

3. To cultivate the ability to work in pairs, a sense of camaraderie, a good attitude towards animals.

Formed UUD:

Personal:

maintain motivation to study, focus on understanding the reasons for success in studies, develop the ability for self-esteem.

Regulatory:

accept and save the learning task, take into account the guidelines of action identified by the teacher, plan your actions, exercise final and step-by-step control, adequately perceive the teacher's assessment, distinguish between the method and result of the action, perform learning activities in material, speech, mind.

Cognitive:

search necessary information, use signs, symbols, models, diagrams, speak orally and writing, analyze objects, highlight the main thing, carry out synthesis (a whole from parts), compare, classify according to different criteria, establish cause-and-effect relationships, build reasoning about an object, generalize (identify a class of objects according to some attribute).

Communicative:

allow existence various points view, take into account different opinions, strive for coordination, formulate one's own opinion and position in statements, ask questions on the merits, control the partner's actions, use speech to regulate one's actions.

Equipment: textbook “Russian language”, author Ivanov S.V., cards for work in pairs, support card (algorithm), illustrations of animals, signal cards, multimedia equipment, lesson presentation.

Lesson type: learning new material

Form of organization lesson: conversation

Used technologies: student-centered learning technology

Lesson stages	During the classes
1. Organizational moment	Teacher (U): The long-awaited call is given, The lesson starts! Sounds with letters came They brought knowledge to the children. Now check it out buddy Are you ready to start the lesson? Is everything in place? Is everything all right? Pen, book and notebook! Is everyone seated correctly? Is everyone watching closely? The lesson starts He will go to the guys for the future. Try to understand everything Listen, think, reason!
2.Updating basic knowledge	T: - What do we need for successful work in the lesson? T: - What topic are we studying at last lessons Russian language? (Suffix) U: - Let's check what we know about the suffix. Statements about the suffix will appear on the screen, and you will show with signal cards whether they are true or not. ( Slide): 1. Serves for the formation of new words. 2. Stands after the root, before the end. 3. Denoted by "house". 4. To find a suffix, you need to highlight the root and ending.. 5. The suffix matters. (Red - "disagree", green - "agree") U: - At home you learned to find a suffix in words, let's check how you did your homework, Uch. p.121, V.5) (On the board there are words with highlighted parts of the word: forest, blade of grass, leaf) U: - What do you think, have you learned to find a suffix in a word?
3. Statement of the learning problem	U: - Today in the lesson we will continue to study part of the word - the suffix, we will learn how to write new suffixes correctly. U: - The lesson today will not be quite ordinary. We are going to visit. And where, you will find out if you correctly guess the riddle. (Slide): There is such a wonderful house There are many animals in it. They give people joy and laughter. This house is known to all. (Zoo) U: - Look, very small animals live in our zoo. Name its inhabitants. (On the board are pictures (photos) of animal cubs: a kitten, a duckling, a chicken, a bear cub, a hedgehog, a gosling, a tiger cub, a squirrel cub, a fox cub, etc.) T: What groups can you divide them into? (Wild and domestic, animals and birds) U: - Today at the lesson we will reveal one secret and find out how else we can separate our kids. U: - Which of you can say with the help of what these words were formed - the names of the cubs? T: - With the help of what suffixes?
4. Discovery of new knowledge by students	T: - I suggest that you do oral work in pairs. You have a list of words on your desks. Read the words carefully and try to answer the question: the suffix - onok- is written in the words, and when is the suffix - yonok-? pay attention to pronunciation of sounds that come before suffixes. Word list: (Slide) W: What are your opinions? T: What question should we answer in the lesson? (When is the suffix - onok- written in words, and when is the suffix - yonok-? T: What will be the topic of our lesson? (Spelling of suffixes -onok-, -yonok-) T: - What should we learn in the lesson? (Write words with suffixes -onok-, -yonok-) U: - What assumptions do you have when the suffix - onok- is written in the words, and when the suffix - yonok- is written? (If the root of the word ends in a hard consonant or [h], then the suffix is \u200b\u200bwritten - onok-. If the root of the word ends in a soft consonant, then -yonok-) T: - Where can we test our assumptions? (In the textbook) U: - Open the textbook on p.113, read the rule. Have we concluded correctly? T: - Read the rule again, ask each other questions on its content. (Children ask each other questions according to the rule)
5.Primary fastening	U: - Do you want to know when the suffix -onok- is written in words, and when the suffix -yonok- is written? T: - Guys, look at the record on the board. Can you tell me if this algorithm can help you in the future? (Scheme on the board: The root ends in a solid consonant (blue box) or [h] - -onok The root ends in a soft consonant (green square) - -yonok-) T: - How will we reason using this algorithm? U: - What should be done in order not to make a mistake in writing the suffixes -onok-, -enok-? (Children's answers: 1. Select the root 2. Determine which consonant is before the suffix. 3. If a hard consonant or [h], then - onok-, if a soft consonant, then -yonok)
6. Independent work with self-test according to the sample	U: - We will learn to write words with suffixes -onok-, -enok- T: - Complete the task from the textbook on your own: p. 114,W.1 (Children do the exercise on their own, then a self-test is carried out according to the model. The words are written on the board, the suffixes are highlighted.) Who did not make mistakes, puts “+” in the margins Who doubted doing the work - “?” Who made mistakes and believes that he still needs to practice - “-”. W: - Raise your hand, who has no mistakes. Well done, you were the most attentive. (Physical education minute)
7. Inclusion of new knowledge in the knowledge system. Repetition	U: - And now let's play, imagine that I have a ball in my hands. I will throw it and name an adult animal, and you will catch and name the cubs. Who called - sits down) U: - Words are written on the slide. (Slide) Elephant, cow, ostrich, goat, wolf, horse, jackdaw, fox, duck, cat. T: - Read what these words have in common. (These are animal names) T: - You need to write down the names: 1 column - cubs of wild animals 2nd column - baby birds 3rd column - baby pets T: - Let's check how you completed this task. (One student reads, the rest check in a notebook, evaluate their work and the one who reads) T: - What knowledge did you use in completing this task? (Writing suffixes -onok-, -yonok-; the ability to form new words using suffixes) U: - Now let's look at our animals again. What groups can they be divided into? (Names with the suffix -onok- and words with the suffix -yonok-)
8. The result of the lesson. Reflection of activity	T: - The inhabitants of our zoo want to ask you a few questions: T: What topic did you work on in class? W: What new did you learn? Q: What was the task? U: - Who understood what the spelling of the suffixes -onok-, -enok- depends on? W: - Tell me, when is it written - onok-, and when -yonok? (Slides) T: Were we able to solve the problem? How? T: - Where can you apply new knowledge? Raise the signal card to the green if everything worked out for you in the lesson; yellow - if there were minor difficulties, but you coped with them; red - new material was difficult and incomprehensible. U: - I suggest you do your homework of choice in T. pp. 56-57, U.1,2,3. (Any two exercises) T: - Whom would you like to thank for the work at the lesson? U: - Me and our animals thank you all for your work in the lesson and wish you success in learning the Russian language!

According to teaching school programs, the period when children learn words with the suffix -enok, - grade 3. Words with this suffix often cause difficulties in terms of word formation and spelling.

These difficulties are connected, first of all, with phonetics, namely, when sounding, the letter -e- makes a sound [o]. For example, the word "fox", containing the letter -e- in the suffix, will look like this in transcription: [l`is`onok]. Thus, the letter -e-, when sounded after a soft consonant [c`], is transformed into the sound [o].

Therefore, when studying this topic, it is important to pay special attention to the formation of new words using the indicated suffixes, as well as the correct choice of -o- and -e- in their spelling.

In addition to clear rules governing the choice of a suffix in a particular word-formation situation, there are some aspects that determine the use of this affix in terms of the semantic load that it gives to the original word. Special attention should be paid to this.

Newly formed forms are used depending on the speech situation and semantic meaning, which is endowed with the formed word.

Words with the suffix -onok / -enok: examples

Examples of words with the suffix -onok:

jackdaw;
bear cub;
owlet;
frog;
barrel;
chicken;
Turkish girl;
hare;
squirrel;
rabbit;
little dogs;
cuckoo;
haircut;
starling;
turtles;
little spider;
mouse;
small crustacean;
hedgehog;
walrus;
granddaughter;
badger;
Cossack;
camel;
boy;
deacon;
turkey;
wolf cub;
rook;
shepherd boy;
Chinese.

Examples of words with the suffix -enok:

duckling;
Kitty;
small animal;
owlet;
little devil;
imp;
oiler;
honey agaric;
fox cub;
piglet;
lion cub;
gosling;
kid;
crow;
crane cub;
eaglet;
baby elephant;
calf;
doll;
chick;
cook;
kid;
kangaroo;
stork;
little rat;
deer;
shooter;
calf;
tiger cub.

Use

Derivational suffixes -onok / -enok are in most cases used to create words male denoting the names of baby animals.

These affixes perform a word-formation function and serve to create new words with a specific lexical meaning.

However, the designation of the names of baby animals is not the only function that these morphemes perform. Words with suffixes -enok and -onok have a diminutive or derogatory meaning, and indicate the childishness, immaturity of the designated concepts. Therefore, before using a word with this suffix, it is important not only to know the rules of its spelling, but also to determine the context of the speech situation in which it will be used.

For example.

original word	Words with the suffix -enok - examples of words	Lexical meaning of the new word
		baby cat
		fox cub
	hare	baby hare
	squirrel	baby squirrel
	shepherd boy	representative of the profession "shepherd" of childhood
	laborer	representative of the profession "farm laborer" of childhood or in a disparaging sense
	Chinese	a child with a nationality of "Chinese"
		a container that is smaller in relation to the original concept

Animal names using a different word paradigm

The derivational suffix -onok/-enok can be used to form not all names of baby animals. For example, there are names of animals that use a different paradigm of the word to designate their names.

For example.

Examples of animal names for which the suffixes -onok / -enok cannot be used

There are names of animals, for the designation of the cubs of which it is impossible to use the suffixal method of word formation.

For example:

a giraffe is a baby giraffe, a hippopotamus is a baby hippopotamus.

There is no clear rule governing the use or non-use of these suffixes with a particular word. The main reason for this is historical. Therefore, such words should simply be remembered in order to avoid further errors in word formation.

Rules for the formation of words using the suffix -e (o) nok

To determine which word with the suffix -enok or with the suffix -onok should be written in a particular case, you must be guided by the following rules.

Words with the suffix -onok- are written:

In the words-names of animals, the stem of which ends in hissing, under stress:

bear - bear cub

mouse - mouse

hedgehog - hedgehog

frog - frog

Words with the suffix -enok are written:

In words with a stem into a soft consonant (with the exception of [h`]):

Formation of words with suffixes -onok / -enok

To compose words with the suffix -enok, it is necessary to separate the stem of the word and, guided by the rules for the formation of new words, attach the desired suffix to it. Thus, the scheme for the formation of a new word form looks like this:

word stem + suffix -e (o) nok + ending (if necessary)

original word	Derivational basis	final word	Suffix selection
			The stem of the final word ends in a soft non-hissing [v`] - derivational suffix -enok.
			The stem of the final word ends in a soft non-hissing [с`] - derivational suffix -enok.
			The stem ends in a hissing [w] - the derivational suffix -onok.
		laborer	The stem ends in a hissing [h] - the derivational suffix -onok.

Particular attention in the formation of new words should be paid to the alternation of consonants in the source and final words.

Words with the suffix -enok: examples of words with alternating consonants in the stem

It should be noted that in some cases, when words with these affixes are formed, consonant sounds alternate on the morpheme suture. So, alternate:

1) Back-lingual / hissing: rabbit - rabbit, wolf - wolf cub.

2) D / w, d ’ / w: bear - cub.

3) Paired hard consonants / paired soft ones: fox - fox, cat - kitten.

Algorithm for the formation of new words using suffixes -enok / -onok

Thus, for the correct spelling of the word, the following sequence must be observed:

1) We select the basis of the original word.

2) Determine what the stem ends with (what consonant sound comes before the suffix):

on hissing - we write the suffix -onok;
on a soft non-hissing or [h`] - we write the suffix -enok.

Using the suffixes -onok/-enok to form words that do not denote the names of baby animals

In some cases, these suffixes are used to form words that do not indicate the name of a baby animal.

In such situations, this suffix may indicate a representative of a particular nation, social stratum, professional. belonging.

However, when using a word with this affix in a particular speech situation, one should remember about some disparaging meaning given by this morpheme.

For example:

shepherd - shepherd;
man is a child;
cook - cook;
gypsy - gypsy;
beast - small animal;
Chinese - Chinese.

When choosing to write -e- or -o- in the suffix for this type of word, the same rule is used.

Declension of nouns with suffixes -onok/-enok

Forming from the original word by adding this affix to the stem, we get a word with the -enok suffix and a zero ending, or the same word form with the -onok suffix.

For example:

elephant - baby elephant □;
cat - kitten □;
jackdaw - jackdaw □;
laborer - laborer □.

When declining nouns formed with the help of these suffixes, the vowel "o" is dropped.

For example:

squirrel - squirrel, hedgehog - hedgehog, little devil - little devil.

Sometimes, when forming nouns, the root vowel is also dropped, so we get a word that differs in the sound composition of the stem from the original word.

For example:

lion, but: lion cub;
eagle, but: eaglet.

Plural formation of nouns with suffixes -enok/-onok

At education plural nouns, this affix in the plural is replaced by -at / -yat.

For example:

lion - lion cub - But: lion cubs, lion cubs;
mammoth - mammoth - But: mammoths, mammoths;
hedgehog - hedgehog - But: hedgehog, hedgehog;
rabbit - rabbit - But: rabbits, rabbits.

When declining words in the plural after -at / -yat, the ending of the corresponding case is used.

For example:

This rule applies only to words denoting the names of cubs, as well as to the words of honey agarics (honey mushrooms, honey mushrooms) and oilers (butter, oil). This rule does not apply to other words with this suffix.

Compare:

barrel - barrel - But: barrels, barrels.

Thus, the rules for using the suffixes -onok/-enok are simple. The only problem may arise with the memorization of words that do not lend themselves to word-formation rules.

ONOK-

1. suffix

(as well as-yonok-)

A word-building unit that forms nouns with the general meaning of a person or animal characterized by childishness, immaturity: 1) baby animals (wolf about nok, animal, mouse about nok, deer, etc., as well as an imp, a little devil, a puppet, an imp); 2) the child is a representative of a nationality, a social stratum, a profession called a motivating word (laborer about nok, Cossack about nok, chinese about nok, cook, popyonok, turch about nok, gypsy, etc., as well as granddaughter about nok).

2. suffix

(as well as-yonok-)

A formative unit that forms masculine nouns with a diminutive or only affectionate meaning (child, preschooler, boy about nok, shooter, etc.).

Efremov. Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova. 2012

Words with the suffix -onok / -enok: examples

Use

Animal names using a different word paradigm

Examples of animal names for which the suffixes -onok / -enok cannot be used

Rules for the formation of words using the suffix -e (o) nok

Formation of words with suffixes -onok / -enok

Words with the suffix -enok: examples of words with alternating consonants in the stem

Algorithm for the formation of new words using suffixes -enok / -onok

Using the suffixes -onok/-enok to form words that do not denote the names of baby animals

Declension of nouns with suffixes -onok/-enok

Plural formation of nouns with suffixes -enok/-onok

See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what is -ONOK- in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:

Read also