Pirates, "gentlemen of fortune" at all times terrified the population of coastal cities. They were feared, raided, executed, but interest in their adventures never weakened.
Madame Jin is the wife of her son
Madame Jing, or Zheng Shi, was the most famous "sea robber" of her time. An army of pirates under her command terrified the coastal cities of East and Southeast China in early XIX in. Under its command there were about 2,000 ships and 70,000 people, who could not even be defeated by the large fleet of the Qing emperor Jia-qing (1760-1820), sent in 1807 to defeat the masterful pirates and capture the powerful Jin.
Zheng Shi's youth was unenviable - she had to engage in prostitution: she was ready to sell her body for hard cash. At the age of fifteen, she was kidnapped by a pirate named Zheng Yi, who, like a real gentleman, took her as his wife (after marriage, she received the name Zheng Shi, which means "Zheng's wife"). After the wedding, they went to the shores of Vietnam, where the newly-married couple and their pirates, having attacked one of the coastal villages, kidnapped a boy (the same age as Zheng Shi) - Zhang Baozai, whom Zheng Yi and Zheng Shi adopted, since the latter could not have children. Zhang Baozai became Zheng Yi's lover, which, apparently, did not bother the young wife at all. When her husband died in a storm in 1807, Madame Jin inherited a fleet of 400 ships. With her, there was iron discipline in the flotilla, nobility was not alien to her, if this quality can even be correlated with piracy. Madame Jin put the guilty to death for plundering fishing villages and raping captive women. For unauthorized absence from the ship, the guilty person was cut off his left ear, which was then presented to the entire team for intimidation.
Zheng Shi married her stepson, placing her in command of her fleet. But not everyone in Madame Jin's team was satisfied with the woman's power (especially after the unsuccessful attempt of two captains to woo her, one of whom Zheng Shi shot dead). The dissatisfied revolted and surrendered to the mercy of the authorities. This undermined the authority of Madame Jin, which forced her to negotiate with the representatives of the emperor. As a result, under the agreement of 1810, she went over to the side of the authorities, and her husband received a sinecure (a position that did not give any real powers) in the Chinese government. Retiring from piracy, Madame Zheng settled in Guangzhou, where she maintained a brothel and gambling den until her death at the age of 60.
Aruj Barbarossa - Sultan of Algeria
This pirate, who terrified the cities and villages of the Mediterranean, was a cunning and dodgy warrior. He was born in 1473 in the family of a Greek potter who converted to Islam, and from a young age, together with his brother Atzor, began to engage in piracy. Aruj passed through captivity and slavery on galleys belonging to the Ionite knights, from which his brother ransomed him. The time spent in slavery embittered Aruj, the ships belonging to the Christian kings, he plundered with particular cruelty. So in 1504, Aruj attacked galleys loaded with valuable cargo, which belonged to Pope Julius II. He managed to capture one of the two galleys, the second tried to flee. Arunj went to the trick: he ordered some of his sailors to put on the uniform of soldiers from the captured galley. Then the pirates went to the galley and took their own ship in tow, thus simulating the complete victory of the papal soldiers. Soon a lagging galley appeared. The sight of a pirate ship in tow caused a surge of enthusiasm among the Christians, and the ship approached the side of the "trophy" without any fear. At this moment, Aruj gave a sign, after which the pirate team began to kill the fugitives with cruelty. This event greatly increased Uruj's prestige among the Muslim Arabs of North Africa.
In 1516, in the wake of the Arab uprising against the Spanish troops settled in Algeria, Aruj proclaimed himself a sultan under the name of Barbarossa (Red-bearded), after which he began to rob the cities of southern Spain, France, Italy with even greater zeal and cruelty, accumulating enormous wealth. Against him, the Spaniards sent a large expeditionary force (about 10,000 people), led by the Marquis de Comares. He managed to defeat the army of Aruj, and the latter began to retreat, taking with him the accumulated wealth over the years. And, as the legend says, along the entire retreat, Aruj, in order to delay the pursuers, scattered silver and gold. But this did not help, and Aruj died, he was cut off his head along with the pirates loyal to him.
Forced to be a man
One of the famous pirates who lived at the turn of the 17th-18th centuries, Mary Reed, was forced to hide her gender all her life. Even in childhood, her parents prepared her fate - to "take the place" of her brother, who died shortly before Mary was born. She was an illegitimate child. To hide the shame, the mother, having given birth to a girl, gave her to her rich mother-in-law, dressing her daughter in advance in the clothes of her dead son. Mary was a "grandchild" in the eyes of her unsuspecting grandmother, and all the while the girl was growing up, her mother dressed and raised her like a boy. At the age of 15, Mary went to Flanders and entered infantry regiment as a cadet (still disguised as a man, under the name Mark). According to the memoirs of contemporaries, she was a brave fighter, but still could not advance in the service and joined the cavalry. There, the floor took its toll - Mary met a man with whom she fell passionately in love. Only she revealed to him that she was a woman, and soon they got married. After the wedding, they rented a house near the castle in Breda (Holland) and equipped the Three Horseshoes tavern there.
But fate was not favorable, soon Mary's husband died, and she, again disguised as a man, went to the West Indies. The ship on which she sailed was captured by English pirates. Here a fateful meeting took place: she met the famous pirate Ann Bonnie (the same as she, a woman dressed as a man) and her lover John Rackham. Mary joined them. Moreover, she, along with Ann, began to cohabit with Rackham, forming a bizarre "love triangle". The personal courage and courage of this trio made them famous throughout Europe.
Learned Pirate
William Dampier, who was born into an ordinary peasant family and lost his parents early, had to make his own way in life. He began by becoming a cabin boy on a ship, then he took up fishing. A special place in his work was occupied by a passion for research: he studied new lands, to which fate threw him, their flora, fauna, climatic features, participated in an expedition to explore the coast of New Holland (Australia), discovered a group of islands - the Dampira archipelago. In 1703 he went to Pacific Ocean for piracy. On the island of Juan Fernandez, Dampier (according to another version, Stradling, the captain of another ship) landed the sailing master (according to another version of the boatswain) Alexander Selkirk. The story of Selkirk's stay on a desert island formed the basis of the famous book by Daniel Defoe "Robinson Crusoe".
Bald Greine
Grace O'Malle or, as she was also called, Bald Greine, is one of the controversial figures in English history. She was always ready to defend her rights, no matter what. She got acquainted with navigation thanks to her father, who took his little daughter on long-distance trading voyages. Her first husband was a match for Grace. About the clan O "Flagerty, to which he belonged, they said:" Cruel people who most arrogantly rob and kill their fellow citizens. slain, Grace returned to her family and took charge of her father's fleet, thus wielding a truly formidable force with which to keep the entire West Coast of Ireland in check.
Grace allowed herself to lead so freely, even in the presence of the queen. After all, she was also called the "queen", only the pirate one. When Elizabeth I handed her lace handkerchief to Grace for her to wipe her nose after sniffing tobacco, Grace, using it, said: “Do you need it? In my area they are not used more than once!” - and threw a handkerchief to the retinue. According to historical sources, two old opponents - and Grace managed to send a dozen English ships - were able to agree. The queen granted the pirate, who at that time was already about 60 years old, forgiveness and immunity.
black beard
Thanks to his courage and cruelty, Edward Teach became one of the most scary pirates operating in the Jamaica area. By 1718, more than 300 men were fighting under him. The enemies were horrified by Tich's face, almost completely covered with a black beard, in which the wicks woven into it smoked. In November 1718, Teach was overtaken by the English lieutenant Maynardt and, after a short trial, was hung up on a yardarm. It was he who became the prototype of the legendary Jetrow Flint, from Treasure Island.
Pirate President
Murat Reis Jr., whose real name is Jan Janson (Dutch), converted to Islam in order to avoid captivity and slavery in Algeria. After that, he began to cooperate and actively participate in the pirate raids of such pirates as Suleiman Reis and Simon the Dancer, also, like him, the Dutch who converted to Islam. Jan Janson in 1619 moved to the Moroccan city of Sale, which lived off piracy. Shortly after Janson's arrival there, he declared his independence. A pirate republic was created there, the first head of which was Janson. He married in Sale, his children followed in the footsteps of their father, becoming pirates, but then joined the Dutch colonists who founded the city of New Amsterdam (now New York).
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Pirates
Surnames and names of famous pirates
Pirates- these are sea and river robbers of any nationality, who at all times robbed the ships of all countries and peoples.
The word "pirate" (Latin pirata) comes from the Greek. "try, test" The meaning of the word "pirate" is to try one's luck, a gentleman of fortune.
The word "pirate" came into use around the 4th-3rd centuries BC. e., and before that the concept of "leistes" was used, known since the time of Homer and closely related to such concepts as robbery, murder, booty. Piracy in its original form sea raids appeared simultaneously with navigation and maritime trade. All the coastal tribes, who mastered the basics of navigation, were engaged in such raids. Piracy, as a phenomenon, is reflected in ancient poetry - in Ovid's Metamorphoses and Homer's poems.
With the development of trade and legal ties between countries and peoples, attempts began to be made to combat this phenomenon.
The pirates had own flag. The idea to fly under a pirate flag appeared in order to psychological impact to the crew of the attacked ship. For the purpose of intimidation, the blood-red flag was originally used, which often depicted symbols of death: skeleton, skull, crossbones, crossed sabers, death with a scythe, skeleton with a goblet.
The most common method of piracy attack there was a boarding (fr. abordage). The enemy ships approached side to side, grappled with boarding gear, and pirates jumped onto the enemy ship, supported by fire from the pirate ship.
Modern piracy
Currently, most of the piracy attacks take place in East Africa(Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique).
The region of the Strait of Malacca in Southeast Asia is not free from pirate raids.
Types of pirates
Sea pirates
River Pirates
Tevkry- Middle Eastern pirates in the XV-XI centuries BC. They were destroyed by the combined forces of the Greeks during the Trojan War.
Dolopians- Ancient Greek pirates (Skyrians), in the second half of the VI century BC settled on the island of Skyros. They hunted in the Aegean Sea.
Ushkuiniki- Novgorod river pirates, who hunted throughout the Volga up to Astrakhan, mainly in the XIV century.
barbary pirates- Pirates of North Africa. Based in the ports of Algeria and Morocco.
Likedelers- pirates of the northern European seas, descendants of the ancient Vikings.
Buccaneers – English name filibuster, a synonym for a pirate who hunted in the waters of America.
filibusters- sea robbers of the 17th century who robbed Spanish ships and colonies in America. The word comes from the Dutch "vrijbuiter", which means "free earner".
Corsairs This word appeared in early XIV centuries from the Italian "corsa" and the French "la corsa". AT war time the corsair received from the authorities of his (or another) country a letter of marque (corsair patent) for the right to rob enemy property. A corsair ship was equipped by a private shipowner, who bought a corsair patent or a letter of reprisal from the authorities. The captains and crew members of such a ship were called corsairs. In Europe, the word "corsair" was used by the French, Italians, Spaniards and Portuguese in relation to their own and foreign gentlemen of fortune. In the countries of the Germanic language group, a synonym for corsair is privateer, in English speaking countries - privateer(from the Latin word privatus - private).
privateers- private individuals in the countries of the German language group, who received from the state a license (diploma, patent, certificate, commission) to seize and destroy ships of enemy and neutral countries in exchange for a promise to share with the employer. Such a license in English was called Letters of Marque - letter of marque. The word "caper" comes from the Dutch verb kepen or the German kapern (to seize). Germanic synonym for corsair.
Privateers is the English name for a privateer or corsair.
Pechelings (flexelings)- so in Europe and the New World (America) they called Dutch privateers. The name comes from the main port of their base - Vlissingen. This term has appeared since the mid-1570s, when Dutch sailors began to gain fame (rob) around the world, and little Holland became one of the leading maritime countries.
Klefts (sea guides)- Greek pirates in the era Ottoman Empire, who attacked mainly Turkish ships.
Wokow- pirates of Japanese origin who attacked the coasts of China, Korea and Japan in the period from the 13th to the 16th centuries.
Surnames and names of famous pirates
Teuta (Teuta)- the queen of the Illyrian pirates, III century. BC.
Aruj Barbarossa I(1473-1518)
Khair-ad-Din (Khyzir)(1475-1546), Barbarossa II
Nathaniel Butler(born 1578)
Hawkins John(1532-1595)
Francis Drake(1540-1596)
Thomas Cavendish(1560-1592)
Dragut-Rais(16th century)
Alexandre Olivier Exquemelin(c. 1645-1707)
Edward Teach(1680-1718), nickname "Blackbeard"
Jan Jacobsen(15(?)-1622)
Arundell, James(d. 1662)
Henry Morgan(1635-1688)
William Kidd(1645-1701)
Michel de Grammont
Mary Reid(1685-1721)
Francois Olone(17th century)
William Dampier(1651-1715)
Abraham Blauvelt(16??-1663)
Olivier (Francois) Le Wasser, nicknames "La blues", "buzzard"
Edward Lau(1690-1724)
Bartholomew Roberts(1682-1722), nickname "Black Bart"
Jack Rackham(1682-1720), nicknamed "Calico Jack". It is believed that he is the author of the pirate symbol - the skull and crossbones.
Joseph Barss(1776-1824)
Henry Avery
Jean Ango
Daniel "The Destroyer" Montbar
Laurens de Graaf(17th century)
Zheng Shi(1785-1844)
Jean Lafitte(?-1826)
Jose Gaspar(first quarter of the 19th century), nickname "Black Caesar"
Moses Vauclain
Amyas Preston
WilliamHenryHayes(William Henry Hays)(1829-1877)
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Pirates
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Pirates! Gentlemen of the sea. For many centuries, their names inspired fear in people. Captain Flint, Jack Sparrow, John Silver, James Hook... The list of names goes on and on! Thunderstorm Royal Navy, cunning and treacherous, "people without honor and conscience", tireless adventurers. Read about such fearless marines below.
1 Jetrow Flint (1680-1718)
Starts our today's selection famous Captain Flint. Despite the fact that this is the name of a fictional character created by the thought of the Scottish writer Robert Louis Stevenson, his mention is worthy of this collection. Flint was a merciless man. This is confirmed by the famous pirate song, which contains the words - "Fifteen people for a dead man's chest, yo-ho-ho, and a bottle of rum." It was fifteen people who unwittingly witnessed the place where Flint buried his treasures. And with that, they signed their own death warrant.
2 Henry Morgan (1635-1688)
The name of this pirate, we know from the film "Hearts of Three", based on the novel of the same name by Jack London.
However, unlike the previous participant in our selection, Henry Morgan really existed. He was not only a pirate, but also a man who helped England gain control over the entire Caribbean region. For this, he received the rank of Governor of Jamaica. However, the sea could not part with its favorite, and as a result of the earthquake, the cemetery where the old pirate was buried went under water. The cause of Morgan's death was liver disease, caused by the indefatigable use of rum, a favorite drink of pirates.
3 Francis Drake (1540-1596)
Despite the fact that Francis was born in the family of a priest, he was not an exemplary Christian. This was facilitated by the blessing of the Queen of England, who was ready for anything, if only the Spaniards were not the leading power in the world. At 18, Drake becomes the captain of a pirate ship that robs and destroys Spain's property. In 1572, he participated in the capture of the Spanish "Silver Caravan", thanks to which he brought 30,000 kg of silver to the treasury. In addition, with the desire to visit unknown countries, Drake was a participant. Thanks to her, the treasury of England received an income that was three times the size of its annual budget. In addition, the British got acquainted with the then exotic vegetable - potatoes. For this, Drake was knighted and received the rank of admiral.
4 William Kidd (1645-1701)
His fate has become a reminder to all pirates of the inevitable punishment. By a court verdict, he was executed, and his body was placed on display in a metal cage in London for more than 23 years. The reason for this was the pirate antics of Kidd, who was a real disaster not only for the French, but also for the British.
This name is forever entered into the annals of piracy. The life of this girl is a continuous series of love and adventurous adventures. In the beginning, she is a pirate along with her father. Then, after the death of her father, she herself becomes the leader of the Owen clan. With a saber in hand and loose hair, she made her enemies tremble. However, this did not stop her from loving and being loved. The mother of four children, even when she was no longer young, continued to raid. At the same time, she rejected the proposal of the Queen of England to enter the service of Her Royal Majesty.
6 Olivier (Francois) le Vasseur (1690-1730)
One of the most famous pirates, whose homeland was France. Without taking a direct part in the pirate raids against the British and Spaniards, Vasser, meanwhile, received the lion's share of all booty. The reason for this was the island of Tortuga (present-day Haiti), which this talented engineer turned into an impregnable fortress and became a haven for pirating elements. There is a legend that during the years of managing the island, he saved up more than 235 million pounds. But his character, which deteriorated over time, played a cruel joke with him, as a result of which he became food for sharks. Gold, which has not been found so far, remains hidden somewhere on the islands in the middle of the world's oceans.
7 William Dampier (1651-1715)
Despite the fact that William Damir's main occupation was piracy, he is also considered the father of modern oceanography. This is explained by the fact that he not only pirated, but also described all his travels and what was connected with them. The result of this was a book called A New Journey Around the World.
8 Zheng Shi (1785-1844)
"Night Butterfly", who first became the wife and then the widow of the famous pirate Zheng Yi, she inherited more than 400 ships after the death of her husband, which were a thunderstorm merchant fleet China. The strictest discipline was introduced on the ships, which put an end to such pirate liberties as the robbery of allies and violence against prisoners. In addition, Zheng Shi is known in history as the owner of brothels and the patroness of gambling.
9 Arouge Barbarossa (1473-1518)
Potter's son. His homeland was the island of Lesvos. Probably because he did not find his Great love, or maybe because of the capture of the island by the Turks, Barbarossa at the age of 16 becomes a pirate. After 4 years, he concludes an agreement with the authorities of Tunisia, according to which he can create his own base on one of the islands, and in return, he shares a percentage of the profits. Soon he becomes Sultan of Algiers. However, as a result of a clash with the Spaniards, he was killed. His successor was a younger brother known as Barbaross II.
10 Edward Teach (1680–1718)
This name not without reason frightened the British and French governments. Thanks to his courage and cruelty, Teach soon became one of the most feared pirates operating in the Jamaica area. By 1718, more than 300 men were fighting under him. The enemies were horrified by Tich's face, almost completely covered with a black beard, in which the wicks woven into it smoked. In November 1718, Teach was overtaken by the English lieutenant Maynardt and, after a short trial, was hung up on a yardarm. It was he who became the prototype of the legendary Jetrow Flint, from Treasure Island.
For a long time, the Caribbean islands served as a bone of contention for the great maritime powers, since untold riches lurked here. And where there is wealth, there are robbers. Piracy in the Caribbean has blossomed into full bloom and turned into serious problem. In fact, the sea robbers were much more cruel than we imagine.
In 1494 the Pope divided New World between Spain and Portugal. All the gold of the Aztecs, Incas and Maya South America went to the ungrateful Spaniards. Other European maritime powers naturally did not like this, and conflict was inevitable. And their struggle for Spanish possessions in the New World (this mainly concerned England and France) led to the emergence of piracy.
famous corsairs
At the very beginning, piracy was even approved by the authorities and was called privateering. A privateer or corsair is a pirate ship, but with a state flag, designed to capture enemy ships.Francis Drake
As a corsair, Drake possessed not only their usual greed and cruelty, but was also extremely inquisitive, and, eager to visit new places, he eagerly took on the fulfillment of orders from Queen Elizabeth, mainly concerning the Spanish colonies. In 1572, he was especially lucky - on the Isthmus of Panama, Drake intercepted the Silver Caravan, en route to Spain, which carried 30 tons of silver.
Once he, carried away, even made trip around the world. And he completed one of his campaigns with unprecedented profit, replenishing the royal treasury by 500 thousand pounds sterling, which was more than one and a half times her annual income. The queen personally arrived on the ship to give Jack a knighthood. In addition to treasures, Jack also brought potato tubers to Europe, for which in Germany in the city of Offenburg they even erected a monument to him, on the pedestal of which it is written: “To Sir Francis Drake, who spread potatoes in Europe.”
Henry Morgan
Morgan was a world-famous successor to the Drake cause. The Spaniards considered him their most terrible enemy, for them he was even more terrible than Francis Drake. Having brought a whole army of pirates to the walls of the Spanish city of Panama at that time, he ruthlessly plundered it, taking out huge treasures, after which he turned the city into ashes. Largely thanks to Morgan, Britain was able to seize control of the Caribbean from Spain for a while. King Charles II of England personally knighted Morgan and appointed him governor of Jamaica, where he spent his last years.
The golden age of piracy
Beginning in 1690, an active trade was established between Europe, Africa and the Caribbean, which led to an extraordinary flowering of piracy. Numerous ships of the leading European powers, carrying valuable goods, on the high seas became tasty prey for sea robbers, who bred in abundance. Real sea robbers, standing outside the law, who were engaged in outright robbery of all passing ships indiscriminately, in late XVII century they came to replace the corsairs. Let's remember some of these legendary pirates.
Steed Bonnet was a very prosperous person - a prosperous planter, worked in the municipal police, was married and suddenly decided to become a robber of the seas. And Steed was just very tired of the gray everyday life with his always grumpy wife and routine work. Having independently studied the maritime business and having become adept at it, he bought himself a ten-gun ship called "Revenge", recruited a crew of 70 people and set off against the wind of change. And soon his raids became quite successful.
Steed Bonnet also became famous for not being afraid to argue with the most formidable pirate at that time - Edward Teach, Blackbeard. Teach on his ship with 40 guns, attacking Steed's ship, easily captured it. But Steed could not come to terms with this and constantly bothered Teach, insisting that real pirates do not do this. And Teach let him go free, but with only a few pirates and completely disarming his ship.
Then Bonnet went to North Carolina, where he had recently been pirating, repented before the governor and offered to become their corsair. And, having received consent from the governor, a license and a fully equipped ship, he immediately set off in pursuit of Blackbeard, but to no avail. Steed, of course, did not return to Carolina, but continued to engage in robberies. At the end of 1718 he was caught and executed.
Edward Teach
An indomitable lover of rum and women, this famous pirate in the invariable wide-brimmed hat was nicknamed "Blackbeard". He did wear a long black beard, braided into pigtails, into which wicks were woven. During the battle, he set fire to them, and from the very sight of him, many sailors surrendered without a fight. But, it is quite possible that the wicks are just fiction. Blackbeard, although he had an intimidating appearance, was not particularly cruel, but took the enemy only by intimidation.
So, he captured his flagship "Queen Anne's Revenge" without firing a single shot - the enemy team surrendered only when they saw Tich. Tich landed all the prisoners on the island and left them a boat. Although, according to other sources, Teach was really very cruel and never left his prisoners alive. At the beginning of 1718, he had 40 captured ships, and under his command were about three hundred pirates.
The British were seriously concerned about his capture, a hunt was announced for him, which ended in success at the end of the year. In a fierce duel with Lieutenant Robert Maynard, Teach, being wounded by more than 20 shots, resisted to the last, killing many Englishmen in the process. And he died from a blow with a saber - when his head was cut off.
Briton, one of the most cruel and heartless pirates. Not feeling the slightest compassion for his victims, he also completely disregarded the members of his team, constantly deceiving them, trying to appropriate as much profit as possible. Therefore, everyone dreamed of his death - both the authorities and the pirates themselves. During another riot, the pirates removed him from the captain's position and landed him on a boat, which the waves carried to a desert island during a storm. After some time, a passing ship picked him up, but there was a person who identified him. Wayne's fate was sealed, he was hanged at the entrance to the port.
He was nicknamed "Calico Jack" because he liked to wear wide pants made of bright chintz (calico). Not being the most successful pirate, he glorified his name by being the first to allow women to be on the ship, contrary to all maritime customs.
In 1720, when Rackham's ship met at sea with the ship of the governor of Jamaica, to the surprise of the sailors, only two pirates offered fierce resistance to them, as it turned out later, they were women - the legendary Anne Bonny and Mary Reed. And all the rest, including the captain, were drunk as a fool.
In addition, it was Rackham who invented the very flag (a skull and crossbones), the so-called "Jolly Roger", which we all now associate with pirates, although many sea robbers went under other flags.
Tall handsome dandy, he was pretty an educated person, knew a lot about fashion, observed etiquette. And what is absolutely not typical for pirates - he could not stand alcohol and punished others for drunkenness. Being a believer, he wore a cross on his chest, read the Bible and held services on the ship. The elusive Roberts was distinguished by extraordinary courage and, at the same time, was very successful in his campaigns. Therefore, the pirates loved their captain and were ready to follow him anywhere - after all, they will definitely be lucky!
In a short period, Roberts seized over two hundred ships and about £50 million. But one day, lady luck nevertheless betrayed him. The crew of his ship, busy dividing up the booty, were taken by surprise by an English ship under the command of Captain Ogle. At the first shot, Roberts was killed, buckshot hit his neck. The pirates, lowering his body overboard, resisted for a long time, but were still forced to surrender.
From an early age, spending his time among street criminals, he absorbed all the worst. And being a pirate, he turned into one of the most bloodthirsty sadistic fanatics. And although his time was already at the end of the Golden Age, Low in a short time, showing extraordinary cruelty, captured more than 100 ships.
Sunset of the "Golden Age"
By the end of 1730, the pirates were finished, they were all caught and executed. Over time, they began to be remembered with nostalgia and a certain touch of romanticism. Although in fact, for their contemporaries, pirates were a real disaster.As for the well-known captain Jack Sparrow, such a pirate did not exist at all, there is no specific prototype of him, the image is completely fictional, a Hollywood parody of pirates, and many of the charismatic features of this colorful and charming character were invented by Johnny Depp on the go.
Stories about pirates excited the imagination as far back as the 19th century, but now, thanks to the Pirates of the Caribbean series of Hollywood films, this topic has become even more popular. We invite you to "get acquainted" with the most famous of the real-life pirates.
10 PHOTOS
1. Henry Avery (1659-1699).
The pirate, known by the nickname "Lanky Ben", grew up in the family of the captain of the English fleet. When a riot broke out on the ship where he served as first mate, Everett joined the rebels and became their leader. His most famous trophy was the Indian ship "Gang-i-Sawai", loaded with gold and silver coins, as well as precious stones.
2. Anne Bonny (1700-1782). Anne Bonnie, one of the few women who excelled in piracy, grew up in a wealthy mansion and received a good education. However, when her father decided to marry her off, she ran away from home with a simple sailor. Some time later, Ann Bonnie met the pirate Jack Rackham and he took her on his ship. According to eyewitnesses, in courage and ability to fight, Bonnie was not inferior to male pirates.
3. Francois Holone (1630-1671). The French filibuster, known for his cruelty, began his career as a soldier in the West India Company. He then became a buccaneer in Saint Domingo. Ohlone's most famous operations were the capture of the Spanish cities of Maracaibo and Gibraltar. The pirate ended his warlike and bloody path at the stake of cannibals, to whom he was captured in Nicaragua.
4. Edward Lau (1690-1724). Edward Lau was born into a family of thieves and was himself a robber with early childhood. At one time he served as a sailor, then gathered a team and captured a small sloop. Thus began his career as a pirate. During his voyage, Edward Lau captured more than a hundred ships.
5. Jack Rackham (1682-1720) Before becoming a pirate, Jack Rackham served in the Navy from an early age. At first, things did not go well for Captain Rackham and his team - they almost got caught several times. Fame came to the pirate after he met Mary Read and Ann Bonnie, and began to rob in the waters of Jamaica. The glorious epic ended with the fact that the authorities announced a hunt for them, as a result of which Rackham was hanged, and Reed died in prison.
6. Steed Bonnet (1688-1718). Steed Bonnet - a nobleman, before becoming a pirate, he served as a colonial militia major on the island of Barbados. According to rumors, the reason why Bonnet went to the pirates was the scandalous nature of his wife. A pirate has been robbing along the coast for a long time North America and in the south, until it attracted the attention of the authorities, who sent two sloops to the pirate's residence. Bonnet's ship was captured and hanged at White Point.
7. Bartholomew Roberts (1682-1722) Bartholomew Roberts did not become a pirate by choice, but was forcibly added to the crew as a navigator after the pirates seized the ship he was sailing on. After becoming a captain after only six weeks, Roberts successfully traded in the Caribbean and the Atlantic, capturing more than four hundred ships.
8. Henry Morgan (1635-1688) The son of a landowner, Henry Morgan consciously chose to become a pirate in order to make a fortune. Starting with the purchase of one ship, he soon commanded an entire flotilla of 12 pirate ships that captured entire cities. He was caught and sent to London, but soon the influential pirate was not only released, but also appointed lieutenant governor of Jamaica.
9. William Kidd (1645-1701) According to some historians, William Kidd was not a pirate in the strict sense of the word, but carried out exclusively letters of marque. Kidd participated in the War of the League of Augsburg, commanded various capital ships and captured French and pirate ships in Indian Ocean. His further expeditions took place in various regions of the world. Most of all, Kidd became famous after his death, in connection with the legends about the treasures hidden by him, which have not been found so far.
10. Edward Teach (1680-1718). The famous English pirate Edward Teach, nicknamed "Blackbeard", began his piracy career under the command of Captain Hornigold. Later, when Hornigold surrendered to the British authorities, Teach set sail on his own on the ship Queen Anne's Revenge. The most famous "feat" of the pirate is the blockade of Charlestown, during which 9 ships with influential passengers were captured, for which Teach received a huge ransom.
