Madina Ozdoeva | 02/08/2016 |
The Day of Russian Science was celebrated in our country on February 8. At all times, science has been a powerful resource for economic transformations, the most important component of national wealth, driving force technical progress.
Employees of the Ingush Research Institute. Ch. Akhrieva, multiplying the wonderful traditions of her predecessors, despite all the difficulties, they try to fully comply with the spirit of the time and work for the benefit of people.
For example, our compatriot, well-known entrepreneur and scientist Rurik Akhriev, who is engaged in innovative activities, presented its first project in the field of the latest developments in modern engine building to the scientific community more than ten years ago, and this invention was highly appreciated by the Institute of Advanced Technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
It must be said that the Akhriev two-section rotary engine became the subject of discussion not only by Russian scientists, but also by foreign ones, because this design made it possible to increase the power, reliability, efficiency and resource of the mechanism many times over, to reduce its weight and dimensions. It can also be used as hydraulic, vacuum, pneumatic pumps.
That is why the invention of the Ingush scientist immediately took its rightful place, although, according to the author himself, this unit is still being analyzed. As Rurik Sultanovich explained, such a thorough inspection the latest technology are subjected to ensure that in the future in the process of their work there are no disruptions and breakdowns of the whole chain of engineering thoughts. And today we can say with confidence that the first invention of R. Akhriev and his brothers, when calculating the ratings, turned out to be much more pluses than minuses. And this is an unconditional victory in technological progress.
On the eve of the celebration Russian science we met with R. Akhriev in order to talk with him about the future plans and new developments of the scientist. From a conversation with Rurik Sultanovich, we learned a lot of new things. For example, the Akhriev brothers have recently invented four new energy processors, two of which have already been recognized at international level. For the remaining two, they submitted an application to the Institute of Advanced Technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which will soon be considered by the Council of Russian Scientists.
- Inventions of any kind require not only mental abilities, but also certain financial investments, - says R. Akhriev, - and in this regard, it is very necessary governmental support, without which one cannot go far on enthusiasm alone. Moreover, such an active position on the part of the state authorities is one of the priority tasks within the framework of the implementation of the RCP “Development and support of small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic of Ingushetia for 2013-2016”.
... Another of our fellow countrymen, no less famous scientist-inventor, became an academician of natural sciences, unfortunately, not in his homeland, but in distant Norway. “The man who outwitted Galileo” is the name of the Ingush scientist Magomed Sagov in Scandinavian land, where he moved to live with his family at the end of the last century.
In Norway, Magomed Sagov, immediately after getting acquainted with his ideas, purchased equipment and provided a spacious room to continue work. In May 2012, a story was shown on Russian central television, which told how the Ingush scientist Magomed Sagov proposed a theory in Norway that was completely incomprehensible to the academic council of this country at that time. Moreover, this theory seemed to many scientists to be contrary to classical physics, and therefore Sagov's Norwegian colleagues called it absolutely revolutionary, more like a paradox.
But laboratory experiments soon showed that Sagov's experimental pump easily and freely lifts liquid to a height of more than 100 meters. And this despite the fact that all other pumps invented by Archimedes and Galileo, no matter how they were improved, could only handle 10 meters. The Norwegians, who understand oil production, immediately seized on the invention of Magomed Sagov, which allows pumping almost all the oil out of the reservoirs, while with other methods about half of it remains in the reservoirs. They believed the scientist, who has dozens of patents for inventions, and time has shown that not in vain.
“A person moves in exactly the same way as a light quantum,” he says, “and it was this comparison that became the dominant clue for me in this invention.
Now Magomed Sagov has a whole laboratory and design bureau at his disposal, he is in charge of a huge research institute, where impressive contracts are being tested with giants of heavy engineering around the world.
It would be at least premature to say that our hero has calmed down after the completion of the “pumping revolution”, because he has new volumetric solutions in the field of shipbuilding and new aircraft next in line.
“I have always dealt with such installations that can be used exclusively for peaceful purposes,” says M. Sagov, “because I think that a person should leave a clean mark and a good name behind.
Perhaps, of the entire galaxy of Ingush people involved in science at home or abroad, one of the youngest is Professor Tagir Aushev, who became famous as a successful scientist as a leader at hadron colliders in Switzerland and Japan. Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Vice-Rector for scientific work and strategic development of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology T. Aushev throughout recent years proves that he knows better than most the difference between the past and the future, matter and antimatter, as well as between scientists and other people. Although, not without pride, he emphasizes that he is not the first and not the last Ingush scientist who works in science, and names several physicists, even younger than him: these are a very advanced scientist Magomed Malsagov and Zulya Tomova, who is now successfully working in America.
“I constantly monitor the growth of our people in science,” says Tagir, “and this is not because I am Ingush and I want only Ingush to achieve high results. In general, I believe that science has no nationality, it is one for all and inseparable.
“Undoubtedly, in order to make a career in science, as in any other areas of human development, except for the mind and basic knowledge, motivation is needed,” the scientist says. - There is motivation - you will achieve everything, even if you lack knowledge. This is such a complex concept that includes a lot: healthy competition, the desire to be the best, not to lose, to achieve something in life ...
Describing in detail what the scientific council under his leadership is doing, Tagir Abdulkhamidovich said that the experiments he is conducting in Japan in the field of high energy physics and quantum physics, investigate the difference between matter and antimatter.
“We know that there is a past, present and future,” Tagir explains. “We also recognize that the past can be fundamentally different from the future. Then the question arises: “Do elementary particles know about this, or, say, matter?” It turned out that they knew. Here is such a paradox!
... Unfortunately, Tagir Aushev does not often come home to his parents in Ingushetia. This usually happens once a year. Maybe this is because in all his scientific work, Tagir never went on vacation, and instead of rest, he still attends scientific seminars and conferences.
- They provide an opportunity to escape from everyday work and see different countries- he says - and what could be more interesting?
These are the real scientists, the heroes of their time. Despite the difficulties and difficulties in their work, they are constantly in search of a better life for people, bringing to perfection what they have. All the best to them in this difficult field and simple human luck!
Tagir Abdul-Khamidovich Aushev(born March 3, 1976, Grozny) - Russian scientist in the field of physics elementary particles, Vice-Rector for Research and Strategic Development of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Head of the Laboratory of High Energy Physics of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2016) in the Department of Physical Sciences (specialty "Nuclear Physics"), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2016).
The Hirsch index of scientific papers is 62.
Biography
Graduated in 1993 high school No. 22 (Grozny) with a gold medal.
In July 1993, he entered the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) at the Faculty of General and Applied Physics, graduating in 1999 with a degree in Applied Mathematics and Physics; diploma with honors.
From 1999 to 2002, he was a postgraduate student at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.
Since 1999 he has been participating in the international experiment Belle, Japan, the main objective which - the detection of violation of CP-symmetry in the decays of B-mesons and the measurement of its parameters. From 2002 to 2015, he worked as a senior researcher at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP).
In 2005, he defended his Ph.D. thesis at ITEP on the topic “Detection of the B0 D*±D-+ decay and search for CP violation in it.” For this work he was awarded the RAS medal for young scientists.
Won a President's Grant Russian Federation for young PhDs in 2006.
From 2006 to 2010, he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the High Energy Physics Laboratory of the Lausanne Federal Polytechnic School (EPFL), Switzerland.
In 2007, he headed the main scientific group in the Belle experiment - ICPV - to study CP-symmetry violation.
In 2010/11 he was a Visiting Scientist at KEK High Energy Physics Research Center, Japan.
In 2012, he became the owner of a grant from the interdisciplinary program of the Russian-Swiss scientific and technical cooperation on the topic: “Application statistical methods for the analysis of molecular structures based on mass spectrometry”.
In 2012/13 he was a visiting scientist at EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
In 2013 at ITEP he defended his dissertation for the degree doctor of physical and mathematical sciences on the topic "CP violation in the decays of B-mesons with charmonium and double charm".
In 2014, within the framework of Project 5-100, he won a competition to open a laboratory for high energy physics at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.
Since April 2015, he has been appointed MIPT Vice-Rector for Research and Strategic Development.
Scientific activity
Sphere scientific interests Keywords: high energy and elementary particle physics, heavy quarks, CP violation, T violation, B-meson decays.
In 1999 T.A.-H. Aushev graduated with honors from the Faculty of General and Applied Physics of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and continued his scientific activity in the Belle collaboration at the KEK Research Center, Japan, where he first discovered and studied the B0 D*±D-+ decay, in which he first measured the parameters violation of CP symmetry. Doubly charmed decays of B mesons are important as an independent test of the CP violation parameters and the Standard Model.
As part of the Belle experiment, in addition to research activities, T. A.-Kh. Aushev was engaged methodical work, in particular, by studying the uniformity of the distribution magnetic field generated by the superconducting magnet of the Belle setup, by measuring the systematic errors in the reconstruction of charged tracks, and by upgrading software for the reconstruction of charged tracks, as a result of which the recovery efficiency of low-energy charged tracks was significantly increased. Thanks to this systematic work, it was possible to form a direction for studying doubly charmed decays in the Belle experiment, which later made it possible to perform dozens of scientific research on the study of CP-symmetry violation and spectroscopy of charmed mesons and charmons. In 2004, he was appointed head of the double-charm scientific group studying doubly charmed B-meson decays. Under his leadership, a number of works were carried out on the study of BD(*)D(*)(KS) decays, the measurement of CP violation in them, and the search for new hadronic states.
First, we get emotions from discoveries. The life of any person is the pursuit of positive emotions. I bought a gadget - I was glad: 15 minutes, an hour, a day. In science, the same thing, only on a different level. It's all about the source of positive emotions. For me, such a source: you did a study, found some kind of effect - and you are the first person on Earth who saw it. Big effect or small is the height of the peak you climbed. You can climb a small hill, but even in this case you climbed it, looked: there is no higher hill nearby, and no one but you climbed it - and you are already pleased. It's great when you process the data and understand: "That's it!". And then you say: “Guys, I found it! See what's here." It depends, of course, on the region, but once a year, two or three, this happens. Every study brings something new.
Another important thing is the social circle, this is an important factor that keeps you from leaving science. I communicate a lot with colleagues, with the scientific community. it smart people with whom you speak the same language. You can speak in large blocks of "hieroglyphs" without deciphering - and they understand you. You say "a" - and they understand that behind this "a" is a whole "forest". Insane pleasure - to communicate with interesting people with whom you can develop an idea on any topic, they will understand you and offer extraordinary ideas.
Working in science is a certain way of thinking and a way of life. Moreover, it is absolutely not necessary to confuse people of science with botanists, whom we see in films. It has nothing to do with reality. It is not clear from whom the image of a nerd was molded, who is worn with some crazy ideas. I don't know any such person. We had strange characters at the institute, but none of them remained in science: many flew out of the institute because they could not cope, and someone ended up in a psychiatric hospital. It is impossible to do science in such a state. You must have an open mind. You must understand the nature of things - not to teach formulas, there is little written there - but to feel. The image of a mad scientist is completely inadequate to reality, there are no such people in science.
There is also a third reason for the attractiveness of science - this is a huge prestige. It was in the Soviet Union, it is not yet in Russia, but it is abroad. I work mainly in Europe and in Japan: if people find out that you are a scientist, you are in the most honorable place.
| Tagir Abdul-Khamidovich Aushev | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | March, 3rd(1976-03-03 ) (43 years) |
| Place of Birth | Grozny, CHIASSR |
| Country | USSR USSR→ Russia Russia |
| Scientific sphere | particle physics |
| Place of work | |
| Alma mater | |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences |
| Academic title | Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences |
| Awards and prizes |
Medal Russian Academy sciences for young scientists (2005) Grant of the President of the Russian Federation for young candidates of sciences (2006) |
Biography
In 1993, he graduated from secondary school No. 22 in Grozny with a gold medal.
In 1999, he graduated with honors from the Faculty of General and Applied Physics (FAPF) with a degree in Applied Mathematics and Physics.
Since 1999 - a member of the international collaboration Belle, Japan.
2002-2015 - Senior Researcher.
In 2005, he defended his Ph.D. thesis on the topic “Detection of the decay B 0 → D* ± D -+ and search for CP violation in it.”
In 2013, he defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic “CP violation in B-meson decays with charmonium and double charm”.
Since 2014 – member of the CMS international collaboration, CERN, Switzerland.
Since 2014 - Head of the Laboratory of High Energy Physics.
From 2015 to 2017 - Chairman of the Scientific and Technical Council of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.
From 2015 to 2017 - Deputy Editor-in-Chief scientific and technical journal"Proceedings of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology".
Scientific activity
As part of the Belle experiment, in addition to research activities, T. A.-Kh. Aushev was engaged in methodical work, in particular, the study of the uniformity of the distribution of the magnetic field created by the superconducting magnet of the Belle facility, the measurement of systematic errors in the reconstruction of charged tracks, as well as the modernization of software for the reconstruction of charged tracks, which resulted in a significant increase in the efficiency of reconstruction of low-energy charged tracks. Thanks to this systematic work, it was possible to form a direction in the study of doubly charmed decays in the Belle experiment, which then made it possible to carry out dozens of scientific studies on the study of CP-symmetry violation and the spectroscopy of charmed mesons and charmons. In 2004, he was appointed head of the double-charm scientific group studying doubly charmed B-meson decays. Under his leadership, a number of works were carried out on the study of B→D (*) D (*) (KS) decays, the measurement of CP violation in them, and the search for new hadronic states.
In 2005 he defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences on the topic "Detection of the decay B 0 → D* ± D -+ and search for CP violation in it." For this work he was awarded the medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences for young scientists.
In 2006, he received a four-year postdoc position at the Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne (EPFL, Switzerland), where he continued his scientific work in the Belle experiment. In addition, he supervised three PhD students and an EPFL student, all of whom successfully defended their dissertations.
Thanks to his notable work as the head of the double-charm group, in 2007 he was appointed head of the most important scientific group in the Belle experiment - ICPV, which studies the effect of CP-symmetry violation in B-meson decays. The results obtained in this group, starting in 2001, made it possible to confirm the Kobayashi-Maskawa theory, for which its authors, Japanese scientists M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2008.
In 2012, the ICPV scientific group led by T. A.-Kh. Aushev and with his direct participation, the measurement of the sin2β CP-violation parameter was performed, which still remains the most accurate in the world.
In 2013, Aushev defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences on the topic "CP violation in the decays of B mesons with charmonium and double charm."
From 2010 to 2015, he took an active part in the creation of a new muon and neutral K-meson detector for the Belle II super-B factory under construction, based on unique Russian silicon photodetectors.
Aushev is the co-editor of the book "The Physics of B-factories", which is the result of twenty years of work of two collaborations - Belle, Japan and BaBar, USA. The book was published in 2014 and is a desktop guide for a new generation of scientists working in high energy physics.
Under his supervision, 1 thesis and 3 dissertations for Ph.D. degree were defended.
International activity
Aushev has a high international reputation, the results of his work have been published in peer-reviewed journals and are widely cited. He has performed more than twenty times at prestigious international conferences in physics in the USA, Great Britain, Israel, China, etc. with review and original reports, including two reports at the Rochester conferences ICHEP'2002 and ICHEP'2004.
Awards and prizes
Notes
- Aushev T.A. - General information (indefinite) . www.ras.ru Retrieved April 10, 2018.
- High Energy Physics Laboratory - MIPT (Russian). mipt.ru. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
AUSHEV Tagir Abdul-Khamidovich (b. 03.X.1976)- Russian physicist, corresponding member. RAS (2016), professor of RAS. R. in Grozny. Since 1993 he studied at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (graduated in 1999). In 1999-2002 - postgraduate student at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. Since 1999, he has been participating in the international Belle experiment (Japan) to detect CP-symmetry violation in B-meson decays and to measure its parameters. In 2002-2015 he worked at ITEP. In 2004, he was appointed head of the double-charm scientific group studying doubly charmed decays of B-mesons in the international Belle experiment. In 2005, he defended his Ph.D. thesis on the topic “Detection of the B0 → D*±D-+ decay and search for CP violation in it.” In 2006-2010 - postdoctoral fellow at the laboratory of high energy physics at the Lausanne Federal Polytechnic School (EPFL), Switzerland. In 2007, he headed the main scientific group in the Belle experiment - ICPV - to study the violation of CP symmetry. In 2010-11 - Visiting Scientist at KEK High Energy Physics Research Center, Japan. In 2012-13 - visiting scientist at EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland. In 2013, he defended his dissertation at ITEP for the degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences on the topic “CP violation in decays of B mesons with charmonium and double charm”. In 2014 he founded the High Energy Physics Laboratory at MIPT. Since April - 2015, MIPT Vice-Rector for Research and Strategic Development.
Research interests: high-energy physics and elementary particle physics, heavy quarks, CP-violation, T-violation, B-meson decays.
He discovered and studied the decay B0 → D*±D-+, in which he measured the parameters of CP-symmetry violation for the first time.
He studied the uniformity of the distribution of the magnetic field created by the superconducting magnet of the Belle facility, measured the systematic errors in the reconstruction of charged tracks, and upgraded the software for the reconstruction of charged tracks, which resulted in a significant increase in the efficiency of reconstruction of low-energy charged tracks. Thanks to this systematic work, it was possible to form a direction in the study of doubly charmed decays in the Belle experiment, which then made it possible to carry out dozens of scientific studies on the study of CP-symmetry violation and the spectroscopy of charmed mesons and charmons.
Under his leadership, a number of works were carried out on the study of B→D(*)D(*)(KS) decays, the measurement of CP violation in them, and the search for new hadronic states.
The results obtained by the ICPV group in the Belle experiment made it possible to confirm the Kobayashi-Maskawa theory, for which its authors, Japanese scientists M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa, received Nobel Prize in physics in 2008.
In 2012, the ICPV scientific group led by T. A.-Kh. Aushev and with his direct participation, the measurement of the sin2β CP-violation parameter was performed, which still remains the most accurate in the world.
In 2010-2015, he took an active part in the creation of a new muon and neutral K-meson detector for the Belle II super-B factory under construction, based on unique Russian silicon photodetectors.
Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences for young scientists (2005). Grant of the President of the Russian Federation for young candidates of science (2006).
