Description

Elban is an urban-type settlement in the Amur district of the Khabarovsk Territory of Russia.

Population 11,525

Geographical position

Elban is a settlement of regional subordination. It is located 72 km from Komsomolsk-on-Amur. In the village there is a railway station of the same name on the Volochaevka-2 - Komsomolsk-on-Amur line. The village is located in the valley of the Elban River, 20 kilometers from the Amur River, however, movement to the Amur is difficult due to the lack of suitable roads. You can get to the cities of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Amursk and Khabarovsk by bus.

The village of Elban is equated with the regions of the Far North.

The history of the foundation of the village

The village was founded in September 1936 and began to develop rapidly after the start of the Great Patriotic War with the construction of the Elban Mechanical Plant (now FSUE FGUP Voskhod). In December 1936, a bridge across the Ulbinka was built, in the same year the railway section was built 77 kilometers from the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur and received the name "Razezd No. 26". In 1940, a military warehouse was moved to this station. In difficult conditions, the first workers of the plant organized a factory for the production of ammunition in the warehouse. At this time, the village receives the name Elban. In December 1941, the first batch of ammunition for the front was released.

The street, which began to be built from the factory to the move, later became known as Zavodskaya. With the growth of the population of the village in 1943-1944, 12 standard houses were built along the streets of 1st Standard and 2nd Standard, hence the name of these streets.

During the period of the highest economic development(late 1980s), the population of the village reached 17 thousand people. On the territory of the village is stable and in full force Far Eastern Professional Production Association "Voskhod", state farm "Elbansky", combine "Volna", "Construction Administration - 104 with 9 divisions", PMK - 81 worked. A network of social and cultural facilities was developed: there were 2 houses of culture, 5 kindergartens, 4 schools, the Voskhod stadium, the Sovkhoz sports complex, the hospital was expanding, it was planned to build the Palace of Culture and further development residential sector.

In the early 1990s, Elban was overwhelmed by a wave of socio-economic decline.

In 2015, a new pre-trial detention center for 800 places was opened in the village, built in the form of six rays of a star using new technologies and modern materials. The people gave him the name "Snowflake". All buildings and premises of the sensitive facility are made in accordance with European rules and requirements for the maintenance of persons under investigation.

Economy

Mechanical Plant (FSUE FGUP Voskhod) - was originally built as a military plant. In the 1980s, it was reorganized for peaceful purposes. Produces industrial explosives (for the mining and coal mining industries) and disposes of obsolete types of ammunition. Main enterprise.

FGKU Combine "Volna" of the Federal Reserve.

Logging enterprise "Vostokexportles" specializes in the export of round sawn softwood.

DRSK Far Eastern Distribution Grid Energy Company.

History of Elban

The settlement was founded in September 1936 and began to develop rapidly after the start of the Great Patriotic War with the construction of the Elban Mechanical Plant, which already at the end of 1941 began to give its products to the front.

Elban is located in the Khabarovsk Territory, where the indigenous people of Nanai, Evenki, Udygei, Ulchi and others live. There are several legends about the origin of the name of the word "Elban": Albin in Evenki means space, in Ulch it means a spacious place. And in one Nanai legend it is said that once a hunter, climbing a hill, saw a wonderful valley in front of him, illuminated by the sun and exclaimed in surprise: “Ulbin!” - which meant “sunny valley”. Over time, the word of the indigenous people was distorted and the word "Elban" was obtained. . In 1936, a bridge was built across the Ulbinka. In the same year, the railway section was 77 kilometers from the city of Komomsomolsk-on-Amur and received the name "Siding No. 26, which was supposed to protect railway. This year was the birth year of our village. In 1940, a military warehouse was moved to the Razezd No. 26 station. Three brigades arrived with the warehouse. There was one two-story building at the station: a service room below, the people serving the station lived on the second floor. The arriving brigade settled in backfill barracks, surrounded by barbed wire. Previously, prisoners who built the railway lived in these barracks. There were few buildings: 4 barracks, a guardroom, a sanitary unit, a shop at the crossing, a bathhouse and a dining room. Warehouses were located far in the taiga. During the Great Patriotic War in September 1941, a factory was organized on the basis of a military warehouse, the task of which was to provide the front with ammunition. At this time, “Siding No. 26 was renamed Elban. in the military and post-war years housing was very difficult. People settled in barracks, 10 people in a room. Some were forced to dig dugouts that were located along the railway. People, jokingly, called the village with dugouts "dig-city", hence the name "town" appeared. The street, which began to be built from the factory to the move, later became known as Zavodskaya. In 1942, along Komsomolskaya Street, there was a hostel-barrack for teenage students of the plant. Boys lived in one half and girls in the other. With the growth of the population of the village in 1943-44, 12 standard houses were built along the streets 1st Standard and 2nd Standard, hence the name of the streets. In 1946, the steel plant

prefabricated panel houses. They were placed on the streets of 1st Poselkovaya and 2nd Poselkovaya. 29 houses along the street Railway plant built on your own. According to our research, there are 35 streets in the village, including the 1st and 2nd microdistricts. 5 streets in honor of writers. These are the streets of Gogol, Turgenev, Lermontov, Ostrovsky, and P. Komarov. The names of the streets were given in honor of the anniversaries of the writers. Gagarin Street in honor of the first cosmonaut, Arseniev Street in honor of the researcher Far East, Michurin street in honor of the Russian botanist, Fortygina street in honor of the first director of the state farm. . In 1955, a new two-story building with steam heating was built. A fruit and berry garden was laid out in the courtyard of this school. There are currants, raspberries, cherries, plums, apple trees in the garden. There were so many currants that they sold it to the population for 4 rubles per bucket. The garden was looked after by students and teachers. This is school street.

In 1943, in February, in the area of ​​​​Sukhaya Protoka, seven kilometers from Cheryomushki, an airplane crashed. The Komsomol committee received an order: to find the plane and bury the pilots. A ski team of 8 people was created at the factory. They found the plane and two pilots. They were buried near Zheleznodorozhnaya Street in front of Komarov Street. But then there were no streets, only the age-old taiga stood as a wall. Time passed, the village grew. And one day during construction elementary school, the excavator stumbled upon the remains of the pilots. And then I remembered the story of the crashed plane. The second burial of the pilots took place, they were buried in the area of ​​the old cemetery.

On August 30, for the first time, I had a chance to visit the village of Elban in the Amur district of the Khabarovsk Territory. We pass Elban and even stop there when we travel by train from Komsomolsk to Khabarovsk or back. In fact, I have been to the "capital" of the Amur region - Amursk, more than once, and the city is very pleasant to me (excluding closed enterprises and the lack of prospects for the population). To Elban from Komsomolsk go 72 km, you pass the turn to Amursk, go straight and get to Elban. Now the population of Elban is about 11-12 thousand people, a little less than in Solnechny (this is how I orient myself about the size of the village).

At the entrance to Elban, a stella is a congratulation on the anniversary, the 75th anniversary. Has it really been standing for two years already (the settlement was founded in 1936)? Although, we have buses in Solnechny, on the sides of which it is written "Happy 25th anniversary of the Solnechny District" that have been traveling for much longer;)

Wide avenue, which I would consider central.

On it we got to the library:

And opposite the library is an abandoned five-story building - one to one like we have in Solnechny! Only ours is a hostel, and this one is a small family. And now ours is being restored, but this one is not going to. But people are still registered in it!

Preparations for the elections are in full swing:

The extension with a green roof on the ground floor gives Soviet times- shops, pharmacies, etc. were attached to houses like this. A good idea. Only now it looks somehow out of date:

We go to the other side of the village, which is located behind the crossing over the railway. In the distance, like some kind of enterprise:

There are also empty houses here:

Already at the local house of culture (I will tell about it separately). There is something like a square with a monument to the Elbans who died in the Great Patriotic War. There are 9 names on the monument, two of the men, apparently, are brothers.

Already in the evening we are going back, another abandoned building:

But there are such big houses here:

And even multi-storey ones, if I see correctly from a distance:

Turn to Amursk:

This is what the Amur traffic police post looks like now. I didn’t know that it was also closed, like ours in Solnechny:

As I already said, I will write separately about the Elban House of Culture, and also about Elban dogs (here I have an interesting idea) and about the dislike of Elban residents for photography.