Naval Officer Larks. Biography. Marshal of Aviation of the USSR Zhavoronkov Semyon Fedorovich

Main events

pinnacle of career

Air Marshal, Naval Aviation Commander

2 orders of Lenin

4 Orders of the Red Banner

2 orders of Ushakov I degree

Order of Nakhimov, 1st class

Order of Kutuzov II degree

Order of the Red Banner of Labor

Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad"

Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"

Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus"

Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"

Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"

Medal "XX years of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army"

Medal "30 years Soviet army and Fleet"

Medal "40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"

  • named weapon

    • Zhavoronkov Semyon Fedorovich(11 (23) April 1899 - June 8, 1967, Moscow) - Large Soviet military leader. Marshal of Aviation, during the Great Patriotic War he commanded the aviation of the Navy. Ensured the survivability of naval aviation on early stages warriors and increased its strength and skillful combat use in the subsequent period. In the post-war period, he led the civil aviation of the Soviet Union.

    Biography

    Childhood and youth

    Zhavoronkov S. F. was born on April 11 (23), 1899 in the village of Sidorovskaya, Kineshma district Kostroma province in a poor peasant family. After graduating from a rural school, Semyon Fedorovich went to work at a textile factory in Tezino, and from 1914 to Vichuga.

    In March 1917, Zhavoronkov joined the Bolshevik Party. He took part in the organization, and then headed the circle "Union of Working Youth named after the III International", which became the basis of the Vichug Komsomol organization. In May 1918, he completed a three-month course at a party school in Moscow and joined the Vichug District Party Committee. There he held the position of deputy secretary of the district committee until June 1918.

    In June 1918, Zhavoronkov joined the Kineshma Red Guard Communist Detachment and participated in the suppression of the White Guard rebellion in Yaroslavl.

    Civil War

    Service in the army for Zhavoronkov begins in September 1918, when he joins the First Soviet Kineshma Regiment as a simple Red Army soldier. In November, he became the political committee of the battalion of the 29th Infantry Regiment. In March 1919, Zhavoronkov was already the military commissar of the communications battalion of the 7th Infantry Division.

    During the civil war, S. F. Zhavoronkov took part in the defeat of Kolchak, Denikin, the White Poles and in the elimination of banditry in Ukraine.

    period between the wars

    AT Air Force Zhavoronkov came to the country after graduating from the Military-Political Academy of the Red Army in 1926. Then there were advanced training courses for command personnel at the Air Force Academy. In 1933 he graduated from the Kachinsky military aviation school of pilots. A.F. Myasnikov, near Sevastopol.

    After graduating in 1936 from the operational faculty of the N. Ye. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy, he was appointed commander of the Fifth Heavy Bomber Aviation Corps. Since 1937 - deputy, and in 1938-1939 - commander of the Pacific Fleet Air Force. From May 1939 he was appointed chief of aviation of the Navy of the USSR. On June 4, 1940, Zhavoronkov Semyon Fedorovich was awarded the title of Lieutenant General of Aviation.

    The Great Patriotic War

    It was Semyon Fedorovich who at the beginning of the war made a proposal to the People's Commissar of the Navy N.G. Kuznetsov about the strikes by DB-3T torpedo bombers on Berlin in response to the bombing of Leningrad and Moscow. The planning and execution of this task was entrusted to Zhavoronkov by the high command. In August-September 1941, the units under his command made 10 sorties to Berlin. For the development and management of this operation Zhavoronkov S.F. was awarded the order Red Banner.

    Semyon Fedorovich led the aviation of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet during the defense of Leningrad. He personally took part in the creation of air cover over Ladoga to protect the "Road of Life".
    On May 31, 1943, he was awarded the rank of Colonel General.

    With the assistance of Zhavoronkov in naval aviation, from the middle of 1943, a new tactic was introduced to combat the enemy at sea. It consisted in cruising flights of single torpedo bombers with a free search for the enemy and attacking the detected target. Later, small groups of aircraft began to fly, which significantly increased the effectiveness of such attacks on enemy ships.

    During the Kerch-Eltigen operation, which took place from October 31 to December 10, 1943, S.F. Zhavoronkov showed particular interest in the development and implementation of its aviation cover. Thanks to the experience gained under the command of the Black Sea Fleet aviation before the war, it was not so difficult to organize efficient work Soviet pilots in the conditions of the Crimean coast. Thanks to valuable advice to the command Black Sea Fleet and control over the development of events, aviation played a large role in the success of this operation. On November 3, the Military Council of the Eighteenth Army wrote to the commander of the Black Sea Fleet:

    From 1944, under the leadership of Zhavoronkov, an air offensive began over the Baltic Sea. September 25, 1944 Semyon Fedorovich was awarded the title of Air Marshal.

    In February 1945, F.S. Zhavoronkov ensured a safe flight to Soviet Union delegations of participating countries Yalta Conference.

    post-war period

    In the postwar period, S.F. Zhavoronkov held senior positions in the civil aviation of the USSR:

    • 1946-1949 Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet,
    • 1949-1957 Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet,
    • 1957-1959 1st Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet.
    • May 25 - June 2, 1959 - Chairman of the 52nd General Conference of the International Aviation Federation, held in Moscow.

    Since November 1959, he was transferred to the reserve for health reasons, but even then he continued scientific work in the GVF.

    S.F. Zhavoronkov made a great contribution to the technical re-equipment of the Civil Air Fleet for jet and turboprop aircraft, the construction and equipment of airports, ensuring flight safety and expanding the network of international air services.

    Personal characteristics according to the memoirs of contemporaries

    Whatever positions S.F. Zhavoronkov occupied, he constantly thought about developing and strengthening the strength of the naval aviation, about developing new methods of its combat use, intensively studied the strategy and tactics of a potential enemy in maritime theaters. When communicating with his assistants and subordinates, he tried to instill confidence in the mighty power of aviation.

    perpetuation of memory

    • bust in the city of Vichuga, Ivanovo region.
    • memorial plaque in Ivanovo
    • streets in Ivanovo and Vichuga
    • Vyborg Aviation Technical School of Civil Aviation (VATU GA)

    Gallery

    Major Russian Soviet military commander, air marshal.


    Semyon Fedorovich Zhavoronkov was born on April 11 (23), 1899 in the village of Sidorovskaya, Kineshma district. Kostroma province. (the village disappeared, was on the border with the city of Vichuga, Ivanovo region). From 1910 he worked in Vichuga at a textile factory. In 1917 he joined the RSDLP (b), in July he created and headed the Vichug Union of Working Youth.

    In September 1917 of the same year he joined the Red Guard, and in September 1918 - the Red Army. Participant civil war from 1918 to 1920.

    He was educated in 1926 at the Military-Political Academy of the Red Army, in 1932 he completed advanced training courses for command personnel at the Air Force Academy, in 1933 - military school pilots, in 1936 - the operational faculty of the Air Force Academy named after N. E. Zhukovsky. From 1931 he was engaged in political work in the Red Army. Since 1937 - deputy, in 1938-1939 - commander of the Air Force Pacific Fleet. From May 1939 he was appointed chief of aviation Navy.

    To the Great Patriotic War S. F. Zhavoronkov assumed his former position.

    He made a proposal to the People's Commissar of the Navy for torpedo bombers to strike at military-industrial facilities in Berlin. The execution of this task was entrusted to Zhavoronkov by the headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. In August-September 1941, the units under his command made 10 sorties to Berlin. For the development and leadership of this operation, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

    Semyon Fedorovich led the aviation of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet during the defense of Leningrad from massive raids enemy, personally paid attention to the creation of air cover over Ladoga for the defense of the "Road of Life".

    With the assistance of Zhavoronkov in naval aviation, from the middle of 1943, a new technique was introduced to combat the enemy at sea - cruising flights of single torpedo bombers with a free search for the enemy and attacking a detected target.

    Since 1944, under the leadership of Zhavoronkov, an air offensive began over the Baltic Sea.

    In February 1945, on the instructions of the Soviet government, he provided a flight to the Soviet Union for delegations of the countries participating in the Yalta Conference.

    Supervised the civil aviation of the USSR:

    from 1946-1949 deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet,

    in 1949-1957 Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet (Civil air fleet),

    in 1957-1959 1st Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet.

    Since November 1959 he was transferred to the reserve for health reasons.

    Main events

    pinnacle of career

    Air Marshal, Naval Aviation Commander

    • 2 orders of Lenin
    • 4 Orders of the Red Banner
    • 2 orders of Ushakov, 1st class
    • Order of Nakhimov, 1st class
    • Order of Kutuzov II degree
    • Order of the Red Banner of Labor
    • Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad"
    • Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"
    • Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus"
    • medal "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
    • Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
    • medal "XX years of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army"
    • medal "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy"
    • Medal "40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
    • named weapon

    Zhavoronkov Semyon Fedorovich(April 11 (23), 1899 - June 8, 1967, Moscow) - A major Soviet military leader. Marshal of Aviation, during the Great Patriotic War he commanded the aviation of the Navy. He ensured the survivability of naval aviation in the early stages of the war and increased its strength and skillful combat use in the subsequent period. In the post-war period, he led the civil aviation of the Soviet Union.

    Biography

    Childhood and youth

    Zhavoronkov S. F. was born on April 11 (23), 1899 in the village of Sidorovskaya, Kineshma district, Kostroma province, into a poor peasant family. After graduating from a rural school, Semyon Fedorovich went to work at a textile factory in Tezino, and from 1914 to Vichuga.

    In March 1917, Zhavoronkov joined the Bolshevik Party. He took part in the organization, and then headed the circle "Union of Working Youth named after the III International", which became the basis of the Vichug Komsomol organization. In May 1918, he completed a three-month course at a party school in Moscow and joined the Vichug District Party Committee. There he held the position of deputy secretary of the district committee until June 1918.

    In June 1918, Zhavoronkov joined the Kineshma Red Guard Communist Detachment and participated in the suppression of the White Guard rebellion in Yaroslavl.

    Civil War

    Service in the army for Zhavoronkov begins in September 1918, when he joins the First Soviet Kineshma Regiment as a simple Red Army soldier. In November, he became the political committee of the battalion of the 29th Infantry Regiment. In March 1919, Zhavoronkov was already the military commissar of the communications battalion of the 7th Infantry Division.

    During the civil war, S. F. Zhavoronkov took part in the defeat of Kolchak, Denikin, the White Poles and in the elimination of banditry in Ukraine.

    period between the wars

    Zhavoronkov joined the Air Force of the country after graduating from the Military-Political Academy of the Red Army in 1926. Then there were advanced training courses for command personnel at the Air Force Academy. In 1933 he graduated from the Kachinsky military aviation school of pilots. A.F. Myasnikov, near Sevastopol.

    After graduating in 1936 from the operational faculty of the N. Ye. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy, he was appointed commander of the Fifth Heavy Bomber Aviation Corps. Since 1937 - deputy, and in 1938-1939 - commander of the Pacific Fleet Air Force. From May 1939 he was appointed chief of aviation of the Navy of the USSR. On June 4, 1940, Zhavoronkov Semyon Fedorovich was awarded the title of Lieutenant General of Aviation.

    The Great Patriotic War

    It was Semyon Fedorovich who at the beginning of the war made a proposal to the People's Commissar of the Navy N.G. Kuznetsov about the strikes by DB-3T torpedo bombers on Berlin in response to the bombing of Leningrad and Moscow. The planning and execution of this task was entrusted to Zhavoronkov by the high command. In August-September 1941, the units under his command made 10 sorties to Berlin. For the development and management of this operation Zhavoronkov S.F. was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

    Semyon Fedorovich led the aviation of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet during the defense of Leningrad. He personally took part in the creation of air cover over Ladoga to protect the "Road of Life".
    On May 31, 1943, he was awarded the rank of Colonel General.

    With the assistance of Zhavoronkov in naval aviation, from the middle of 1943, a new tactic was introduced to combat the enemy at sea. It consisted in cruising flights of single torpedo bombers with a free search for the enemy and attacking the detected target. Later, small groups of aircraft began to fly, which significantly increased the effectiveness of such attacks on enemy ships.

    During the Kerch-Eltigen operation, which took place from October 31 to December 10, 1943, S.F. Zhavoronkov showed particular interest in the development and implementation of its aviation cover. Thanks to the experience gained while commanding the aviation of the Black Sea Fleet before the war, it was not so difficult to organize the effective work of Soviet pilots in the conditions of the Crimean coast. Thanks to the valuable advice of the Black Sea Fleet command and control over the development of events, aviation played a large role in the successful conduct of this operation. On November 3, the Military Council of the Eighteenth Army wrote to the commander of the Black Sea Fleet:

    From 1944, under the leadership of Zhavoronkov, an air offensive began over the Baltic Sea. September 25, 1944 Semyon Fedorovich was awarded the title of Air Marshal.

    In February 1945, F.S. Zhavoronkov provided a safe flight to the Soviet Union for the delegations of the countries participating in the Yalta Conference.

    post-war period

    In the postwar period, S.F. Zhavoronkov held senior positions in the civil aviation of the USSR:

    • 1946-1949 Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet,
    • 1949-1957 Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet,
    • 1957-1959 1st Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet.
    • May 25 - June 2, 1959 - Chairman of the 52nd General Conference of the International Aviation Federation, held in Moscow.

    Since November 1959 he was transferred to the reserve for health reasons, but even then he continued his scientific work in the Civil Air Fleet.

    S.F. Zhavoronkov made a great contribution to the technical re-equipment of the Civil Air Fleet for jet and turboprop aircraft, the construction and equipment of airports, ensuring flight safety and expanding the network of international air services.

    Personal characteristics according to the memoirs of contemporaries

    Whatever positions S.F. Zhavoronkov occupied, he constantly thought about developing and strengthening the strength of the naval aviation, about developing new methods of its combat use, intensively studied the strategy and tactics of a potential enemy in maritime theaters. When communicating with his assistants and subordinates, he tried to instill confidence in the mighty power of aviation.

    perpetuation of memory

    • bust in the city of Vichuga, Ivanovo region.
    • memorial plaque in Ivanovo
    • streets in Ivanovo and Vichuga
    • Vyborg Aviation Technical School of Civil Aviation (VATU GA)

    Semyon Fedorovich Zhavoronkov was born on April 11 (23), 1899 in the village of Sidorovskaya, Kineshma district. Kostroma province. (the village disappeared, was on the border with the city of Vichuga, Ivanovo region). From 1910 he worked in Vichuga at a textile factory. In 1917 he joined the RSDLP (b), in July he created and headed the Vichug Union of Working Youth.

    In September 1917 of the same year he joined the Red Guard, and in September 1918 - the Red Army. Member of the Civil War from 1918 to 1920.

    He was educated in 1926 at the Military-Political Academy of the Red Army, in 1932 he completed advanced training courses for command personnel at the Air Force Academy, in 1933 - a military school for pilots, in 1936 - the operational faculty of the N. Ye. Zhukovsky. From 1931 he was engaged in political work in the Red Army. Since 1937 - Deputy, in 1938-1939 - Commander of the Air Force of the Pacific Fleet. From May 1939 he was appointed chief of aviation of the Navy.

    S. F. Zhavoronkov entered the Great Patriotic War in his former position.

    He made a proposal to the People's Commissar of the Navy for torpedo bombers to strike at military-industrial facilities in Berlin. The execution of this task was entrusted to Zhavoronkov by the headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. In August-September 1941, the units under his command made 10 sorties to Berlin. For the development and leadership of this operation, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

    Semyon Fedorovich led the aviation of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet during the period of the defense of Leningrad from massive enemy raids, personally paid attention to the creation of air cover over Ladoga for the defense of the "Road of Life".

    With the assistance of Zhavoronkov in naval aviation, from the middle of 1943, a new technique was introduced to combat the enemy at sea - cruising flights of single torpedo bombers with a free search for the enemy and attacking a detected target.

    Since 1944, under the leadership of Zhavoronkov, an air offensive began over the Baltic Sea.

    Best of the day

    In February 1945, on the instructions of the Soviet government, he provided a flight to the Soviet Union for delegations of the countries participating in the Yalta Conference.

    Supervised the civil aviation of the USSR:

    from 1946-1949 deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet,

    in 1949-1957 Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet (Civil Air Fleet),

    in 1957-1959 1st Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet.

    Since November 1959 he was transferred to the reserve for health reasons.

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