Pobyzakov Mikhail Anatolievich
Cheltygmashev Alexander Sergeevich
42,925 people
(1st place)
The administrative center is the village of Askiz.
Geography
The area is located in the southeastern part of the Khakass-Minusinsk basin. It borders on Beisky, Ust-Abakansky, Tashtypsky districts, Kemerovo region.
Pl. 8201.14 sq. km. The area is located on a hilly plain, in the southern and south-west. parts are mountains, plateaus. According to the relief of the territory. district refers to two natural areas- Khak.-Minusinsk basin and the mountains of the Kuznetsk Alatau. The steppe part is divided into the Abakan valley-steppe and the Abakan low-mountain-steppe zones.
The river flows here. Abakan, serving as a natural south-east. border of the region. It is full of water, with a fast current, has a winding channel, forms many tributaries, branches and oxbow lakes. Total runs approx. 39 rivers with a total length. 1124 km, r. Askiz is one of major tributaries R. Abakan, its length is 124 km
Unique natural monuments A.r. are lakes Khankul and Balankul.
The climate is sharply continental. Characterized by sharp fluctuations in air temperature and precipitation. Wed July temperature +19°С, January -20°С. The duration of the frost-free period is from 80 to 120 days. Year. rainfall ranges from 250 to 780 mm. The prevailing winds are southwest. directions. In April and May, strong winds are observed almost every year, reaching speeds of 17-20 m/s. Winter sets in late October - early. november.
The area is rich in forest. and land reserves, various mineral resources. It has an advantageous transport and geographical position. Passes railway. Abakan-Novokuznetsk line, railway branches of Art. Kamyshta-Sayanogorsk, st. Askiz - Abaza, Art. Biskamzha - Top of Thea. Highway Abakan - Ak-Dovurak. The district accounts for 8.9% of agricultural land. lands of the rep. and 20.8% villages. us.
Story
Askizsky district was formed on March 30, 1924 on the territory of the abolished Askizskaya and Ust-Esinsky volosts. It consists of 10 village councils.
Administrative division
The district includes 3 urban settlements, uniting 7 settlements:
- Askiz Council - village Askiz
- Biskamzhinsky Council - Biskamzha town, Yasnaya Polyana, st. Tuzuksu, p. Art. Kazynet, p. Art. Ala-Tau
- Vershino-Teisky Council - Peak of Tyoi
and 11 rural settlements, uniting 58 settlements:
Economy
Economy active us. 13.0 thousand people, which is 31.0% of the number. us. (2003), of which 8 thousand people. working. The unemployment rate is 5.7% (2003). The largest number of unemployed is concentrated in the territory. Beltirsky, Balyksinsky, Birikchulsky terr. departments, where the pr-tion (mainly the timber industry complex) ceased their activities, with the aim of developing to-rykh and settlements were created.
In A.R. gold-mining artels of LLC "Artel of prospectors" Askiz LTD ", LLC" Georgievskoe "and CJSC" Gold Star " work. Iron ore mining continues at the Teisky mine - Alfa Service Club LLC (owner of Evraz Holding since 2002). OJSC Askizavtotrans is developing intensively, which has a number of subsidiaries - LLC Avtodom, CJSC Khakasavtotrans Petroleum, CJSC Askizpassazhiravtotrans, etc.
social infrastructure
On the territory A.r. there are 67 educational institutions:
- 21 Wed general education schools,
- 6 main general education schools,
- 17 early general education schools,
- 15 preschool educational institutions,
- 4 educational institutions add. image, children,
- det. home for orphans and children left without parental care,
- PU No. 18,
- rep. state educational institution Askizskaya spec. general education boarding school",
- rep. state institution "Interdistrict Social and Rehabilitation Center for Minors".
Cultural institutions:
- 35 recreation centers and clubs,
- 34 banks,
- 6 children music schools and school of lawsuits,
- 4 museums.
District health includes
- Central District Hospital,
- 5 villages. local hospitals,
- 3 medical outpatient clinics,
- 33 medical and obstetric points,
- 70 doctors, 336 people. cf. medical staff.
The number of doctors in the district is 87%, cf. medical staff - 99%.
Transport
Culture and historical heritage
The Askiz region has a huge natural, historical and cultural potential. On its territory there is a huge variety of archaeological sites(mounds, earthen pyramids, menhirs, rock carvings), the remains of ancient mines, canals, and so on.
Since 1980, the folk festival Tun Payram has been revived in the region. Outside the region, the Askiz male choir (artistic director Yu.T. Morozov) is known, which in 2004 participated in the III Intern. choral festival "Moscow - the heart of the world". A.r. - homeland scientists N. F. Katanov, S. D. Mainagashev, L. R. Kyzlasova, Ya. I. Sunchu-gasheva, M. I. Borgoyakova, S. P. Ulturgashev and many others. others. Gas is not emitted in the district. "Khakassian worker" (1930).
Excursions in Askiz from private guides and travel agencies.
Online order on Pomogator.Travel: no intermediaries and prepayments!
Askiz- an urban-type settlement in Khakassia, located ninety kilometers from. It is not so small, its population is forty thousand inhabitants, and, unlike the Khakass cities, the largest number of the indigenous population of the republic, the Khakass, lives here. At first glance, Askiz is not of interest to travelers at all. But, upon closer examination, it turns out that this is not the case.
In Askiz and its environs there are no industrial enterprises(there is only one factory for the production of butter and cheese), and the air here is unusually clean. There is a very beautiful nature in the vicinity of Askiz. The complex geographical relief is characterized by diversity: mountain ranges and spurs are interspersed with steppes, on the vast expanses of which herds of horses graze. Forty rivers flow through the territory of the Askiz region. This area is also a lake region, it contains two large lakes - Khankul and Balankul.
Askiz is also of interest in historical terms: the first church in Khakassia was founded here, the famous Kuznetsov family of gold miners from Krasnoyarsk used Askiz as their base for a long time. The city is also famous for the fact that the Kazan scientist Katanov lived in it, who studied more than a hundred languages and studied not only linguistics, but also folklore, ethnography and archeology. In Askiz there is a museum bearing his name, and the city has something to be proud of.
Video from Askiz
There are many attractions in Askiz. First of all, this local history museum named after Katanov. The museum is located in an old building built in the 19th century by the Kuznetsovs. The linguist Katanov studied the languages and dialects of the indigenous peoples of Siberia for 40 years and left an impressive legacy, including about …
Askiz Tours and Activities
Askiz is located on the territory of the Khakass Republic, the population in it is predominantly Khakass, and the holidays and events in it are appropriate. Khakasses love holidays, this is an opportunity for them to show themselves and their skills, and at the same time an opportunity to relax. The most grandiose event is the Airan holiday, called "Tun Payram" and the Khakass New Year"Chyl grooves." The latter takes place in the Sagay glade, not far from Askiz, and is considered the main holiday. During this event, throat singing competitions are held, tourists can listen to Khakass fairy tales and legends, look at equestrian competitions. Both holidays are ceremonial, during Chyl Pazy the Great Fire is “feeded” and a horse is given to heavenly spirits so that they can quickly reach the earth to help people.
Askizsky district offers tourists a variety of excursions. One of the routes is a journey to the granite stone "Ah Tas", or " white stone". The statue is four thousand years old, according to scientists, it stands in an anomalous zone and therefore, next to it, unexplained phenomena.
Tourists also visit such a “place of power” as the sacred stele “Ulug Khurtuyakh Tas”, where the wealth and vitality of the Khakass are concentrated. For better preservation, the stele was placed inside the yurt and is located on the territory of the Ankhakov Museum. In the museum you can see a real Khakass yurt of the 19th century, with hunting equipment, clothes and other household items of the Khakass of that time. Tagar mounds of the seventh and third centuries BC are also located there.
History of Askiz
Askiz village was founded in the 18th century. At first, the lands on which Askiz is located were owned by the Sagai princes. One of them, named Amzor Nair, was baptized and converted to Orthodoxy. The church authorities gave him permission to arrange a church parish in Askiz. In this way …
The climate in Askiz, as in all of Khakassia, is sharply continental. Due to the lack of large reservoirs that would mitigate the impact of low temperatures, winters in Askiz are cold and windy. There are also strong temperature fluctuations both in winter and summer: the difference between day and night temperatures can be up to 10-15 degrees. The geographical relief in Askiz and the adjacent territories is complex: mountainous terrain alternates with plains, average daily temperatures fluctuate seasonally. The amount of average monthly precipitation is also unevenly distributed.
In the winter months in the mountains, the average daily temperature ranges from -14°C to -16°C, in the steppe it is lower - from -18°C to -20°C. The feeling of cold is created by constantly blowing sharp and gusty winds. In the summer months, it is cooler in the mountains due to the height, the temperature does not rise above +17°C even on a sunny day, in the steppes it is much hotter - from +20°C to 25°C.
Tourism events announcements
Things to do in Askiz
In Askiz, in addition to cultural and historical tourism, active tourism is also developing. Hiking and horse trails are laid in the mountainous regions and along the plains, tours are organized for sports and trophy hunting, fishing, rafting and speleology are popular. Novice speleologists can look into the Sakhsar and Palykhsinsky caves, explore the Chite-Khys mountains, which are located in the geological fault zone.
Lake Olenye, or in Khakass, Lake Balankul is a very famous place. The lake itself is very picturesque, it is surrounded by mounds, mountains and taiga forests. The lake and the tourist base located on its shores are the starting point for interesting routes around the area. Most of the travelers in the warm season prefer to explore the lake and steppes on horseback. The taiga forests that stretch beyond the lake are the subject of interest for hunters, and the waters of the lake are rich in fish, which attracts lovers of fishing.
Another lake in the Askiz region is Lake Khankul, seven hundred meters long and four meters deep. There are no recreation centers, but the lake is considered a wonderful place for outdoor recreation.
Some consider Lake Khankul to be a resort, the water in it is clear and clean and tastes a little salty. The lake is surrounded by steppe, where daisies bloom in summer. In winter, the Askizsky district offers its guests exciting snowmobile trips through the endless snow-covered expanses of the steppe, dog sled races and cross-country skiing.
Askiz is a fairly large settlement, local small buses and numerous minibuses run around the city, travel in them is relatively cheap. There are also several taxi services, mostly private, and for a certain amount, the tourist will be taken to the desired destination. Those locals Those who do not have personal vehicles themselves willingly use their services.
Travelers who love long walks can move around the city on foot. For sightseeing outside the city, you need a car. Organized groups usually use tourist buses, but independent tourists without their own car will have to rent a taxi for the whole day or simply negotiate with private drivers.
The river is a winding Askiz, -
Your stream is eternal and mighty.
He, like the soul of the people, is pure
And, like a native chatkhan, melodious. (Ivan Kostyakov. Translated by I. Kichakov)
Askiz (Khakassian - Askhys) is the administrative center of the Askiz region, located on the left bank of the Askiz River. The distance to the Chertykovskaya railway station is 0.5 km, to the Askiz station - 7 km. The population is over 7 thousand people, of which more than half are Khakass. There is the Peter and Paul Church of the Abakan-Kyzyl diocese (rebuilt in 1993), the Museum of Local Lore. N.F. Katanov. The village got its name from the name of the Askiz River, the left tributary of the Abakan River. Hydronim Askhys, Akhys can be explained as a "clean, transparent river."
Source: GLADYSHEVSKY A.N. The village of Askiz is the "capital" of the Sagay steppe./ A.N. GLADYSHEVSKY, candidate of historical sciences.// Treasures of the culture of Khakassia./ ch. ed. A.M. Tarunov. – M.: NIICentre, 2008. – 512 p. - (Heritage of peoples Russian Federation. Issue 10). - P.150-153
Of all the districts of the modern Republic of Khakassia, the Askizsky district is considered the most Khakassian in terms of population. At the same time, the "capital" of the historical Sagay steppe - the village of Askiz - was initially considered as a center for the dissemination of Russian culture among the "Minusinsk Tatars" by introducing them to Orthodoxy and teaching Russian literacy. Largely due to this, it was the Sagay steppe that gave the Khakass people its outstanding educators: a connoisseur of oriental languages, professor of Kazan University N.F. Katanov and ethnographer and public figure S.D. Mainagashev, later - professor of Moscow University L.R. Kyzlasova.
Askiz is one of oldest settlements in Khakassia. Initially, these lands belonged to the Khakass tribe of Koibals. The village was formed in 1770-1771 in connection with the construction of the wooden church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul at the mouth of the Askiz River. The foundation of the village is associated with the name of the Sagai prince Amzor Nair, the son of Chadan Nair Gulbezhekov, one of the first bashlyks who accepted Russian citizenship.
Already in 1771, with the blessing of Varlam, Bishop of Tobolsk and Siberia, "by the zeal of the Tomsk spiritual concistory and the parishioners of the diverse tribes of Koibals, Sagais and Mrassians," a church was built in the name of the Apostles Peter and Paul.
Peter and Paul Church in the village of Askiz. Beginning 20th century
Scientist P.S. Pallas, who visited Khakassia in 1772, wrote that Askiz consisted of several yurts, a small church, houses of the priest and prince Amzor. The Askiz parish in 1769-1770 included 70 yurts with a population of 277 people. In 1795-17961, there were 96 households here, in which only 413 people lived.
In 1823, the Sagai Steppe Duma was organized, the seat of which since 1853 has been Askiz. The Duma was under the jurisdiction of ten clans of the Turkic tribe: Sagay, Beltyr, Kazanov, Kyzyl, Kiy, near and far Karginsky, Kivinsky, Karachersky, Izushersky. In 1859, there were 11,720 souls of both sexes in the duma, and in Askiz itself there were 40 households with a population of 221 people. Near the village there was a transport across the Abakan River.
In 1831, a church burned down in Askiz, but the utensils were saved. In 1851, a stone church was built to replace the burned-out church, in which John Tokarev became a priest, and since 1866, a graduate of the Tomsk Theological Seminary, Nikolai Orfeev.
The local population, the Sagays, were engaged in horse breeding, sheep breeding, cattle breeding, hunting and gold mining. In the 19th century, the village became the base for active searches for gold deposits and the residence of a large Krasnoyarsk gold miner P.I. Kuznetsova.
In 1869, a one-class school was opened in Askiz, the first teacher of which was E.S. Katanov. Krasnoyarsk gold miner P.I. Kuznetsov donated one of his houses to the school. In 1887, the Askiz one-class school was reorganized into a two-class school with a five-year education. The son of a gold miner living here - I.P. Kuznetsov - there was a significant library for that time, which was also used by local residents who knew the letter.
At his invitation, a young artist Vasily Surikov, the son of a Krasnoyarsk merchant, comes to visit the Sagay steppe. He makes sketches and sketches here, which later served as material for the creation of the epic canvas "The Conquest of Siberia by Yermak."
In 1876, Bishop of the Yenisei and Krasnoyarsk Anthony turned to the Minusinsk police chief and founder of the Askiz Steppe Duma A.M. Kyzlasov with a request to make the necessary preparations for a mass baptism in Askiz. Teacher E.S. Katanov traveled around all the aals the day before, urging people to arrive in Askiz on time. The ceremony took place on July 15, 1876, 3003 people were baptized. For active participation in the organization of mass baptism E.S. Katanov was awarded the silver medal "For Diligence" and the Order of St. Anna III degree.
Ancestor A.M. Kyzlasov and headman of the Beltyr clan I.A. Asochakov was granted honorary caftans with gold embroidery.
The baptism of the Minusinsk Tatars in the Askiz River, when a mass of people, along with crosses, received the same names Vladimir or Maria according to the holy calendar, was then condemned by both opponents and adherents of Orthodoxy. However, since then, the Khakass have been considered Christians without exception. In the past, baptized Tatar women wore pectoral crosses over their dresses as one of their many decorations.
A few years later, the priest of the Askiz church spoke of his flock in the Diocesan Gazette in the following way: “They are still neither in their outward way of life nor in spirit more pagans than Christians. There are still many such foreigners who have never attended church services in their lives.”
In November 1905, the first congress of foreigners (Minusinsk Tatars) was held in Askiz, before whom for the first time in history Russian state was the question of self-government. The Khakass managed to partially solve it only after the February Revolution of 1917.
Under the tsarist administration, an Orthodox priest had a significant influence on local life. From 1904 to 1913, Vladimir Ivanovich Kuzmin (1876-?), a very outstanding personality of his time, was the rector of the Askiz temple. He was sent here after graduating from the Krasnoyarsk Theological Seminary. According to the current situation, a priest appointed to a foreign parish was obliged to serve in it for at least ten years, to study the local dialect (in this case, the Sagai dialect) and shamanic beliefs in order to successfully combat malicious delusions.
For help in studying the Khakass language, Kuzmin turned to Kazan to Professor N.F. Katanov, who sent him a number of his works. Kuzmin wrote later: "I am grateful to Katanov for giving me an academic transcription of the Tatar language, thanks to which I was able to make the correct recording of Tatar words."
As a missionary who speaks the Khakass language, Father Vladimir becomes a prominent figure in the Yenisei diocese. In 1908, he was elected chairman of the next missionary congress of the diocese, where he, characterizing the problems of the Abakan mission, criticized the mass baptism on July 15, 1876 in Askiz. “The picture is majestic,” he emphasized. - After all, such an event should be called the transformation of an entire people. They put on crosses, but let them live in the old way, washed their bodies in the river, but did not enlighten their souls with true faith ... "
In 1911, the archbishop of Tomsk and Altai Macarius arrived at the consecration of a church in the taiga village of Matur. The Matursky parish was part of the Altai spiritual mission, but the path to it lay through Askiz of the Yenisei diocese. At the consecration of the new temple, the divine service was conducted by the Matura priest in the Shor dialect, by Archbishop Macarius in Altai, and by the Askiz priest in Sagai.
In 1913, the Yenisei diocese formed the Minusinsky deanery district from the missionary parishes of the southern part of the Yenisei province. V.I. was placed at the head of the deanery. Kuzmin, who received the rank of archpriest (senior priest) and became rector of the Spassky Cathedral in Minusinsk.
Being engaged in missionary affairs, V.I. Kuzmin was actively involved in social and political life, became a member of the Minusinsk City Duma, a spokesman for the county council, headed the Minusinsk group of the People's Socialist Party, which separated from the right wing of the Socialist-Revolutionaries. He was also the editor-publisher of the newspaper "Trud" published by this group (after February 1917 - "Freedom and Labor"). In this newspaper, the archpriest published an "Appeal to the Orthodox", in which he called on the faithful "with sympathy, joy and exultation to accept the overthrow of the tsarist autocracy."
At the congress of the Khakass people held in July 1917, V.I. Kuzmin became a member of the formed National Committee, which proposed the creation of Khakassian autonomy. He took an active part in subsequent congresses of the Khakass.
In November 1918, the diocese transferred V.I. Kuzmin in Krasnoyarsk as an archpriest in the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Mother of God. And here the active priest participated in public life, edited the newspaper "Common Cause".
In the years civil war Kuzmin returns to Minusinsk. After some thought, he renounces his dignity, goes to Krasnoyarsk, where, already under Soviet rule, he becomes the editor of the Krasnoyarsk Rabochiy newspaper. As a connoisseur of the Khakass language, Kuzmin takes part in the discussion of options for creating the Khakass script, suggesting that the first version of the ethnographer S.D. be taken as a basis. Mainogasheva. Subsequently, V.I. Kuzmin leaves Siberia and becomes one of the editors of the Moskovskaya Pravda newspaper...
When, after the revolution, rural Soviets were created in the Minusinsk district, the Bolsheviks created such a body in Askiz as well.
Askiz village council included 15 settlements(1871 people). In 1924, Askizsky district was created from two volosts - Askizskaya and Ust-Esinskaya. Then it included 106 settlements, where 20,180 people lived, mostly indigenous people. Almost 8 thousand people lived in the administrative center of the district - Askize.
On January 15, 1925, in the village of Askiz, the Khaka partnership was organized, which built dams, mills, and sawmills. Thanks to this partnership, a power plant was launched. By the winter of 1925, a bridge was built across the Askiz River, a mill with a feed channel.
In the 1930s, the stone church in Askiz was destroyed, and a club was erected in its place.
Since the 1950s, the Askizsky timber industry enterprise, the Teysky iron mine, the Askizsky timber transshipment plant have been operating in the Askizsky district.
The old building of the Askiz District Executive Committee. 1950s
Currently, 43 thousand people live in Askizsky district. The district includes 12 territorial departments, 57 settlements.
In the 1990s, an Orthodox community reappeared in Askiz, which temporarily uses the premises of the pharmacy for worship. Plans for the construction of a new temple have been postponed until better times.
The Sagai Mogilnaya steppe surrounding Askiz is a huge burial ground of the early Scythian time, stretching for more than 30 kilometers along the valley of the Abakan River. It stretches almost to the administrative center of the neighboring region - the village of Tashtyp. Numerous barrows with high stone fences rise along the banks of the Abakan.
Not far from the railway station Askiz there is a field where one of the main Khakass national holidays- Tun Payram (holiday of the first milk). Here, nature itself has created a magnificent stadium for this: a large, level area, sufficient to arrange horse races, as well as other competitions and entertainments. Nearby is a mountainside, rising like an amphitheater, on which numerous spectators are located.
The house of the gold miner P.I. Kuznetsov in Askiz. Now the regional museum of local lore
