The declination of a star is its angular distance from the celestial equator. To the north of the equator is considered positive, to the south is considered negative. Denoted in Greek. letter (see Spherical coordinates).
- Antipodes about- Antipodov Fr., little Fr. to the south Great ca. east of New Zealand; almost the opposite of mountains. Grinich; open 1800 Watergoose.-Antipodes (Greek), people, on opposite hemispheres, under the opposite meridian...
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- AUTO PUTTER- AUTO PUTTER, a device designed for automatic. development of the current coordinates of the place of the ship (vessel) and a graphic representation of its path on a map or tablet. Initial data for calculus and ve...
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- Oinopid- Oinopides (Chios) - Greek geometer and astronomer. Lived in the VI-V centuries. BC stood outside the contemporary philosophical schools - Ionian and Pythagorean. Scientific information on geometry and astronomy acquired in ...
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- Coordinates, in astronomy- Coordinates, in astronomy - quantities by which the position of celestial bodies is determined, relative to some well-chosen planes, lines and points. So, relating the position of the luminary to places ...
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The first equatorial coordinate system of the luminaries oriented in space relative to the axis of the World (P N OP S).
In this system are taken as a basis the following planes:
- observer's meridian plane ( meridian of the observer);
- equatorial plane ( celestial equator).
Sun position ( FROM ) on the sphere relative to the plane of the celestial meridian of the observer and the plane of the celestial equator, two coordinates are determined:
- declination of the luminary ( δ );
- the hour angle of the star ( t).
Luminary declination ( δ ) - this is dihedral angle at the center of the sphere between the plane of the celestial equator and the direction to the luminary, which is measured by the arc of the meridian of the luminary from the equator to the place of the luminary in the range from 0 ° to 90 °.
The declination of the luminary, like the geographical latitude, has a northern ( N) or southern ( S) Name.
If a light located in northern(nordic) half of the sphere, then its declination is assigned the name northern (north) and is indicated - δN .
If the luminary is located in the south(south) half of the sphere, then its declination is assigned the name southern (south) and is indicated δS .
When solving problems, declining the luminary same name with latitude observer is assigned the sign " a plus", a at opposite names sign " minus».
In practice, sometimes they use not the declination of the luminary, but its complement to 90 °, i.e. arc PnC, which is called polar distance (Δ) .
The polar distance of the star Δ = 90° − δ measured by the arc of the meridian of the luminary from the elevated pole to the visible place of the luminary within from 0° to 180° and has no name.
Luminary declination ( δ ) shows the position of the celestial parallel of the star.
If several luminaries are located on the same celestial parallel at the same time, then the declinations of these luminaries will have the same value.
The hour angle of the star ( t) is a spherical angle at an elevated pole of the World between the noon part of the meridian of the observer (taken as the initial one) and the meridian of the luminary.
The hour angle of the star measured by the arc of the celestial equator from the midday part of the meridian of the observer (from t. Q) to the side west (t. W) to the meridian luminaries within 0° to 360°. Such a system for counting the hour angles of the luminaries is called circular (western), and such an hour angle of the luminary is called ordinary or vested and denoted tW . This system corresponds to the daily movement of the luminaries.
When solving a number of problems of nautical astronomy, the most commonly used practical hour angle of the luminary, which the is always less than or equal to 180 ° and is measured by the arc of the celestial equator from the midday part of the meridian of the observer (initial) to the meridian of the luminary towards the west ( W) or east ( E) ranging from 0° to 180° (i.e. similar to geographic longitude). The practical hour angle of the luminary is given the name eastern (skeleton) - tE or western (west) - tW depending on which direction it is considered from the noon part of the meridian of the observer.
If a the luminary is located on the western (vest) hemisphere (tW < 180°) then ordinary and practical hour angles of the sun match.
If a the luminary is located on the eastern (core) hemisphere (tW> 180°) then the skeleton hour angle of the star is calculated by the formula: t E=360° − tW
In the Nautical Astronomical Yearbook (MAE), all hour angles are " messengers" or " ordinary» , although their name is not indicated there.
hour angle, measured from the observer's meridian called local the hour angle of the sun t M .
hour angle, counted from Greenwich Mean Time(initial) meridian, is called Greenwich the hour angle of the star ( t GR). The Greenwich and local meridians are separated from each other by geographical longitude λ , that's why.
- Sun declination
Its angular distance from the celestial equator. To the north of the equator is considered positive, to the south is considered negative. Denoted in Greek. letter (see Spherical coordinates).
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron - declination
and third declination nouns. Types declination adjective names.
Dictionary linguistic terms Rosenthal - declination
DECLINE. 1. C. nouns. A set of forms of nouns denoting a relationship
Dictionary of literary terms - declination
This linguistic term is formed by the method of tracing paper from the Latin declinatio.
Etymological Dictionary of Krylov - declination
DECLINE, i, cf.
Dictionary Ozhegov
1. see incline and incline1, sya1.
2. In grammar: the class of nouns
in his paradigms. Nouns first, second, third declination. C. full adjectives, ordinal numbers, pronouns. - declination
Word-building. tracing paper lat. declination. See toning. Wed mood.
Etymological Dictionary of Shansky - DECLINE
DECLINE, the angular distance to a celestial body north or south of the CELESTIAL EQUATOR
Scientific and technical dictionary - declination
between the magnetic and geographic meridians at a given point on the earth's surface. declination luminaries
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov
DECLINE-I; cf.
1. to Decline - bow and Bow - bow. Greet someone
declension heads. Study declension someone on someone's side.
2. Gram. Name change
Nouns first declination.
◊ Magnetic declination; declination magnetic needle. Phys. Corner
Astron. Angle between direction on light and the plane of the equator. - declination
1. s / clone / eni / e¹ [y / e] [from s / clone / and ́ / t (sya)].
2. slope / eni / e² [y / e] [from slope / i / t² (sya)²]. - declination
declension
Etymological Dictionary of Max Vasmer
gram., tracing paper lat. declinatiō. See tend. - declination
declination, declination, declination, declensions, declination, declensions, declination, declination, declension, declensions, declension, declensions
- DECLINE
equator to luminaries; counted in both directions from the equator (from 0 to? 90 °; in the northern hemisphere of the celestial sphere declination positively).
DECLINE,1) changing the name by cases and numbers (see Inflection).
Big encyclopedic dictionary
2) Type of word change
by cases and numbers, representing a special paradigm (1st declination, declination to soft consonant
DECLINE(designated?) - one of the equatorial coordinates; circle arc declensions from heavenly - declination
orff.
declination, -I - declination
I
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Declension
case inflection. S. is characteristic of names, pronouns and nominal forms of the verb. Case meanings (see Case) are expressed in any language, but not all languages have a S., in which case meanings receive a regular morphological (i.e., - declination
and geographic meridians at a given point on the earth's surface.
@ declination luminaries
aster.
angle between direction light and the plane of the equator.
@Rather, you need a swoop and pressure, rather than a silent declination heads. Saltykov-Shchedrin, Innocent Stories
Small Academic Dictionary
The banker informed Totleben that the king promised two million for declination Russian court
first declination.
◊
@ magnetic declination
@ declination magnetic needle
physical
angle between magnetic -
1. Change of names by cases. Sometimes declination understood as a nominal inflection (as opposed to
Glossary of linguistic terms Zherebilo
So, in modern Russian there are four main types declination:
1) substantive (1, 2, 3 cl
pronominal) declination(I pronom. skl. - who, what and their derivatives;
II pronom. skl. - I, you;
III pronom
skl. - we you;
4) numbering declination
I sk. - two - two);
II fold. - three four;
III skl
seven hundred, eight hundred, nine hundred.
Productive substantive and I adjective declination. Other - declination
declination
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
I cf.
1. The process of action according to Ch. incline i, incline
2. Deviation, evasion somewhere - declination
The angle formed by the line of sight light with the plane of the celestial equator (astro). declination
luminaries.
4. Change of names, pronouns and participles by cases (gram.). Classification declensions nouns.DECLINE, declination, cf.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
1. Action according to Ch. incline-incline (Bookish). Expressed consent to easy
declension heads. declination someone on someone's side.
2. The angle formed by the magnetic
compass needle and the direction of the geographic meridian (physical). Magnetic declination. Corner declination.
3 - inclined
inclined, inclined, bowed; inclined, inclined, inclined. incl. suffering past temp. from bow.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov - declension
See incline
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary - declination
noun, number of synonyms: 20 declination 1 change 73 nod 4 coordinate 4 bending 12 bending 3 bending 22 bending 25 lowering 33 lowering 20 prompting 28 pushing 11 bowing 14 radio declining 1 decoying 8 stimulating 12 pushing 13 coaxing 19 flattering 4 cajoling 10
- inclined
adj., number of synonyms...
Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language - than light
orff.
orthographic dictionary Lopatina
how light - in the light
in light suggestion from the genus
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
Used when referring to something, taking into account what or in accordance with - shine
Cm. light
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary - lights
Cm. light
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary - light
trans.). Face lit up with inner light(trans.: became spiritualized).
Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
2. This or that source
lighting. Ignite with. Bring with. (lamp, candle). Come closer to light. Be against Sveta. Look
sth. us. (so that it shines through). At daytime light.
3. Illumination, the state when it is light
On the light(at light, under illumination). In windows with
4. In some expressions: dawn, sunrise
open). Before light and before light(before dawn). Neither s. no dawn (very early in the morning; colloquial). A little s. (barely - shine
SHINE, glow, glowing; nesov.
Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
1. (1 and 2 liters not used). Radiating smooth light, mine
or reflected. Glows lighthouse. in the windows glow lights. In the ring glows ruby.
2. trans. manifest
feeling. In eyes glows love, joy. Whole glows from someone's happiness Face glows smile.
| noun glow, i, cf. (to 1 value). - Light
I
Medical Encyclopedia
see Electromagnetic radiation.
II
1) see visible radiation,
2) see Optical radiation. - shine
candle, you shine; nesov.
Small Academic Dictionary
1.
Radiate light.
Moon luminaries brightly, one could see on the ground each
straw. Chekhov, Three years.
Through the frozen, unshuttered window dimly luminaries light. Sholokhov
Word about the Motherland.
2.
holding the source Sveta, guide him light to smth., to illuminate them with smth.
Shine
flashlight.
□
A steep staircase led up to the porch. Stepan luminaries, raising the lantern over his head
Sotsky Ilya Loshadin, an old man, and luminaries them, holding a tin light bulb in their hands. Chekhov, On business.
3 - light
1)
Small Academic Dictionary
-a (-y), preposition. in light, on the light, m.
1.
Electromagnetic radiation perceived by the eye
and making the world around us visible.
Solar light. Light moon. Light candles. Ray Sveta. Speed Sveta
Refraction Sveta. Light and darkness.
□
Weak light the night light is on. Grigorovich, Gutta-percha boy.
Scarlet
light the evening dawn slowly glides over the roots and trunks of trees. Turgenev, Yermolai and the miller's wife.
2
Illumination characteristic of a parts of the day.
Day light.
□
Morning played with blue tints - light
radiant energy; lighting.
Dictionary of epithets of the Russian language
About the degree of brightness, color, temperature; about the direction, reflection of rays.
Scarlet, crimson, crimson, fugitive, whitish, turquoise, pale green, pale, faded blue, faded, wandering, bronze, watery, waxy ... - shine
vb., nsv., use comp. often
Dictionary of Dmitriev
I glow, you glowing, he she it glows, we glow
you glow, they glow, shine, glow, shone, shone, shone, shone, luminous
glowing, glowing; noun, p. glow
1. If anything glows, then this means that any
source radiates, emits even, not strong light. In a fading fire dimly shone coals.
2
If anything glows, then this means that some object is brightly lit from the inside, skips - not in the world
whom. Razg. Someone died, died. It's been fifty years since he's been gone light(Gogol. Evenings
on a farm near Dikanka). It seemed incredible to her that she herself was still alive and well when he was no longer on light(G. Nikolaeva. Harvest). - light
1. light, lights, Sveta, lights, light, lights, light, lights, light, lights, light, lights 2. light lights, Sveta, lights, light, light, lights, light, lights, light, lights, light, lights, light
Zaliznyak's grammar dictionary - shine
Shine, candle, we shine, you shine, shine, shines, shine, shining, luminaries, luminaries, light, shone shine, shine luminous, luminous, luminous, luminous, luminous, luminous, luminous, luminous luminous, luminous, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining, shining
Zaliznyak's grammar dictionary - light
Light/i/l/o.
Morphemic spelling dictionary - than light
Razg. Express. At dawn, very early. And Tikhon Ilyich went home light on a cold misty morning
Phrasebook Fedorova - don't shine
1) do not show cards;
Dictionary of thieves' jargon
2) don't come;
3) don't give out - light
LIGHT-a; cf.
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov
1. Luminous heavenly body. S. of the day; daytime s. (about the Sun). S. nights; nocturnal
With. (about the moon). Luminaries nights; night luminaries(about the stars).
2. what or with def. A person who became famous in
field of activity; celebrity. Luminaries musical world. Medical with. S. Literature. Rising from. (about a person who becomes famous). - shine
SHINE candle, you shine; luminous; nsv.
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov
1. Radiate light. Sun moon shines. Fire shines.
2
Guide light to smth., to illuminate them with smth. S. to smb. S. smth. S. to smth.
3. to whom. give joy
happiness, light up life. smile, love shines to smb.
4. Light up with happiness, joy (about the face
eyes, smile). Face shines smile. Eyes shine happiness.
5. only 3 liters. Expand-decrease To seem or be attractive, alluring. This is not my business shines. - light
I
Abramov's synonym dictionary
without a year a week on light lives, white light, scold on what light worth bringing to light divine
what light did not produce light, to the edge Sveta, on what light standing, not tenant on light
not to see Sveta, no matter what light, finish on what light worth it, send to that light, produce
on the light, live with light
II
see >> aristocracy, know
see also -> big light
huddle in light
III
see >> fire, radiance
see also -> see anything in pink light - light
noun, number of synonyms: 64 aristocracy 15 white light 15 shine 59 shine 8 God's world 14 God's light 15 large light 5 beau monde 19 mortal world 14 bysha 1 sunrise 5 universe 16 high society 6 high light 11 deep world 14 glow 4 dawn 23 earth 106 earthly vale 14 Earth 7 know 64 dawn 13 fire 56 insight 12 illumination 33 illumination 7 reflection 8 payler- light 1 flame 5 flame 20 planet 30
Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language - my light
noun, number of synonyms: 1 cute 66
Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language - little light
adverb, number of synonyms: 21 to roosters 18 to Sveta 19 at dawn 17 at dawn 24 none light, no dawn 16 early-early 17 early-early 19 with roosters 17 in the morning 8 in the morning 10 from shit 10 early in the morning 26 early in the morning 20 than light 18
Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language - light
orff.
Lopatin's spelling dictionary
light1, -a and -y, preposition. in light, on the light(to shine, lighting)
light2, -a (world, earth); but: new - light
LIGHT- DARKNESS
Dictionary of antonyms of the Russian language
Light- darkness (see)
light- darkness (see)
light - dark (see)
light - dark (cm
gold. Little skirmish Sveta with darkness. Vanshenkin. Match.
Of the many geophysical cycles, the most
the main synchronizer of biorhythms is the alternation Sveta and darkness. True, November 15, 1970.
Sin
not in darkness, but in unwillingness Sveta, not in misunderstanding, but in resistance to understanding, in deliberate blindness
who saw light, then does not want to go into the dark. A. Vinogradov. The Tale of the Turgenev Brothers.
LIGHT- DARK
Bright - shine
shine// brighten
Dictionary of paronyms of the Russian language
They make up a nest of pairs with paronyms luminous // luminous, shining// lighting
SHINE 1. only 3 liters. Radiate light. 2. Guide light so that anyone can see. 3. transfer
Light up with an expression of happiness, joy. Synonym: shine(trans.).
Shine: 1) moon, lantern, lamp
the fire shines; 2) ~ lantern, match, searchlight, fire; 3) face shines; eyes shine; ~ joy
happiness, smile.
The crimson sun, piercing the foliage of the garden, light in the windows with sheaves of sharp, red
- declination
gram. turlenuv
Russian-Crimean Tatar Dictionary - declination
Declension
Russian-Swahili dictionary
(tilt) mtengo (mi-) - inclined
Nachylene
Russian-Czech dictionary
nahnu
nakloněny
schyleny
sklopeny - declination
With. gram.
Russian-German dictionary
Declination f - declination
with deg nat
Russian-Portuguese Dictionary
declinacao f - declination
gram.
Russian-French Dictionary
declinaison f - declination
What noun. cf. kind
Russian-Ukrainian dictionary
lingu.
vіdminyuvannya - declination
Schilenne, Schilenne, magnetic declination- magnetic angle declination- vugal skhіlennya sklanenne
Russian-Belarusian dictionary - declination
words
Russian-Hungarian dictionary
ragozas - declination
Sulinkimas (2)
Russian-Lithuanian dictionary
pasvirimas (2) - declination
Deklinace
Russian-Czech dictionary
skloňovani
skloňováni (gram.) - declination
n; kiel
Russian-Finnish dictionary
taivutus, sijoittelu - declination Russian-Dutch Dictionary
- inclination
noun female kind
Russian-Ukrainian dictionary
shyness - declination
inhiraf; 3. qram. hallanma, hallandırma; magnetic declination; declination magnetic needle fiz. maqnit meyli.
Russian-Azerbaijani dictionary - declination
With.
Russian-Spanish dictionary
1) gram. declinacion f
magnetic declination - declination
With.
Large Russian-Spanish Dictionary
1) gram. declinacion f
2) astron., physical. declinacion f; desviation f
magnetic declination- declinacion (desviación) magnética - declination
1. deklinatsioon
Russian-Estonian dictionary
2. Kaldumine
3.kallutamine
4. callutus
5. langetamine
6. langetus - declination
I cf. 1) mat. inclination 2) astr. declination magnetic declination- magnetic declination
declination- declination II cf.; gram. declension
With. gram. declension. - inclined Full Russian-English dictionary
- inclined
suffering incl., past temp.
Russian-Ukrainian dictionary
Short form: prone
from verb: incline
shedding - declination
Declinazione w.
Russian-Italian dictionary - shine Russian-Arabic Dictionary
- light
All values
Russian-Hungarian dictionary
vilag
lighting
vilagitas
electricity
villany
feny
vilagossag
celestial sphere called a sphere of arbitrary radius, centered at an arbitrary point in space, on which the luminaries are projected and in parallel transferred to its center the main directions and planes of the Earth and the observer on it.
Depending on the location of the center of the sphere, it is called: geocentric- the center coincides with the center of the Earth; heliocentric- the center is in the center of the Sun; topocentric- the center is on the surface of the Earth.
For the Earth, the main direction is its axis, and the main plane - equator. For the observer's place on Earth, the main direction is the direction of gravity at the point M, which is called sheer line. The main plane of the observer's position is true horizon is the plane tangent to the Earth's surface at the point M, i.e., a plane perpendicular to the plumb line. Point longitude ( M) λ m defines the main plane, which is called meridian of the observer.
Parallel translation of a plumb line point M from a point O 1 point O(center of the celestial sphere) defines plumb lineZn celestial sphere. Dot Z called observer's zenith(place of the observer on the sphere), point n – nadir. Line parallel to the Earth's axis p n p s is called axis of the worldP N P S , and the points P N and P S are called the poles of the world.
True horizon plane at a point M on Earth, brought to the center of the sphere gives a large circle in cross section with the sphere NES W, which is called true horizon and he divides the sphere into suprahorizontal with a dot Z and subhorizontal with a dot nparts.
The plane of the earth's equator qq, brought to the center of the sphere, gives a large circle in cross section with the sphere QQ, which is called celestial equator. He divides the sphere into a northern one with a point P N and southern - P S parts.
The plane of the geographic meridian of the observer p n Mqp s , transferred to the center of the sphere, gives a great circle in cross section with the sphere ZP N NQnP S SQ, which is called meridian of the observer. He divides the sphere into eastern with a dot E and western with a dot W parts.
world axis P N P S divides the meridian of the observer into midday dot part Z (P N ZP S) and midnight dot part n (P N nP S wavy line).
The pole of the world, located in the suprahorizontal part of the sphere is called elevated pole. Its name is always the same name with the latitude of the place. M on the ground.
If we draw directions to the luminaries from the center of the sphere, then on its surface we get points C called luminaries in visible places.
Coordinate systems
In nautical astronomy, the following systems of spherical rectangular coordinates of the celestial sphere are used: horizontal, 1st equatorial, 2nd equatorial and ecliptic. The coordinate axes are basic circles.
Horizontal coordinate system. This system is necessary to perform measurements of navigational parameters (height of the star or azimuth to the star) on Earth. The coordinates of the star depend on the apparent daily rotation of the celestial sphere (time) and the coordinates of the observer's place on Earth.
Main stream - sheer line.
Basic circles - the meridian of the observer and the true horizon.
Observer's meridian called a great circle on the celestial sphere, the plane of which is parallel to the plane of the earth's meridian of the observer's place.
true horizon a great circle is called, the plane of which is perpendicular to the plumb line.
Auxiliary circles - vertical and almucantar.
vertical is called half of the great circle passing through the zenith points (Z,) nadir(n) and a luminary (a given point).
Almukantarat called a small circle, the plane of which is parallel to the plane of the true horizon.
Coordinates - altitude and azimuth.
|
|
The height of the luminaries located on the meridian of the observer is called the meridional height. It is marked with the letter H and has the name of the point of the true horizon, above which the luminary is located N or S(Fig. 2, luminary FROM 2).
There are three azimuth counting systems used in nautical astronomy:
Circular azimuth (A kr ) Nto the vertical of the luminary, counted towards E, in the range from 0 ° to 360 °.
Semi-circular azimuth (A PC ) called the arc of the true horizon from the midnight part of the meridian of the observer (NorS) to the vertical of the luminary, counted towards E orW, ranging from 0° to 180° and has a name: the first letter coincides with the name of the latitude of the observer's place, the second with the direction of reference or with the name of the hemisphere where the luminary is located.
Quarter azimuth (A even ) called the arc of the true horizon from the pointNorSto the vertical of the luminary, counted towards E orW, ranging from 0° to 90° and has a name: the first letter coincides with the name of the reference point, the second with the reference direction.
In addition to spherical coordinates, the luminary can be specified in polar coordinates relative to the point Z(zenith). The coordinates are zenith distance and azimuth.
zenith distance called the vertical arc of the luminary from the zenith point to the luminary in the range from 0 ° to 180 °.
The zenith distance is related to the height by the ratio
Z= 90°– h (1)
Azimuth is defined as the angle at the zenith in a semicircular count.
The first equatorial coordinate system. In this system, one coordinate of the luminary does not depend on the coordinates of the observer's place, and the second depends on the longitude of the place and time.
Note. It should be remembered that the meridian of the observer is directly related to the meridian of the observer's place, that is, the longitude of the place.
Main stream - axis of the world.
Basic circles - the meridian of the observer and the celestial equator.
celestial equator called a great circle, the plane of which is perpendicular to the axis of the world.
Auxiliary circles - celestial meridians and parallels.
heavenly meridian are called half of a large circle passing through the poles of the world and a given luminary or point on the celestial sphere.
celestial parallels small circles are called, the plane of which is parallel to the plane of the celestial equator.
Coordinates - local hour angle and declination.
Local hour angle ( t m ) Wwithin the range from 0° to 360°.
|
|
Such an account of hour angles is called astronomical, and it has the name W. Usually, no name is written for this account of hour angles (in MAE, all hour angles are W). When solving a parallactic triangle using tables, hour angles are used in a practical account.
Practical local hour angle called the arc of the celestial equator from the midday point of the meridian of the observer to the meridian of the luminary, counted to the side W or E within the range from 0° to 180°. The name of the hour angle is the same as the direction of reference.
From all local hour angles, hour angles are distinguished for an observer located on the Greenwich meridian (T M = 0 °), which are called Greenwich hour angles.
declination ( ) the arc of the meridian of the luminary from the celestial equator to the luminary in the range from 0 ° to 90 ° is called. The name of the declination is of the same name with the pole of the world, to which the reference is made.
In addition to spherical coordinates, the luminary can be specified in polar coordinates relative to the point of the elevated celestial pole. The coordinates are polar distance and hour angle.
polar distance ( ) the arc of the meridian of the luminary from the elevated celestial pole to the luminary is called in the range from 0 ° to 180 ° with the name of the celestial pole to which the reference is made (differently with the name of the elevated celestial pole).
The hour angle is defined as the angle at the elevated celestial pole in astronomical or practical terms.
Second equatorial coordinate system . In this system, the coordinates of the luminary do not depend on the daily movement of the luminaries (time) and the place of the observer on Earth. Therefore, the 2nd equatorial coordinate system is similar to the geographic coordinate system.
The main direction is axis of the world.
Basic circles - celestial equator and meridian point of Aries().
Aries dot ( ) a point on the celestial equator is called, at the moment the center of the Sun moves from the southern to the northern hemisphere during its apparent annual movement.
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Auxiliary circles are the same as in the 1st equatorial system - celestial meridians and celestial parallels.
The coordinates are - right ascension and declination
right ascension ( ) called the arc of the celestial equator from the point of Aries to the meridian of the star, counted in the opposite direction W hour angles (or in the direction of the apparent annual motion of the Sun) ranging from 0° to 360°.
When calculating the local hourly angles of the luminaries using MAE, the star's complement coordinate is used instead of right ascension.
stellar addition ( ) called the arc of the celestial equator from the point of Aries to the meridian of the luminary, counted in the opposite direction W hour angles ranging from 0° to 360°.
declination() the same as in the 1st equatorial system.
Since the 1st and 2nd equatorial systems differ only in one coordinate (see Fig. 4), the transition from one system to another is expressed by the formula
t = t St. + St.
This formula is called the basic formula of time.
(2-4). Parallactic triangle and its solution, Graphical solution of problems on the celestial sphere, TVA-52 tables, Computational scheme and calculation rulesh and A.
parallax triangle a spherical triangle is called, at the vertices of which there are points of the elevated pole of the world, the zenith and the luminaries.
The elements of this triangle are:
When using the basic formulas of spherical trigonometry, the elements of a triangle must always be less than 180°.
The main advantage of the parallactic triangle is that it connects the coordinates of the luminary with the geographic coordinates of the observer's place.
To solve a spherical triangle, 3 of its 6 elements must be given. This is a side equal to 90 ° - φ, a side equal to 90 ° - and the angle between them is equal to t m in practical terms.
To get the value of the height of the luminary ( h) apply the cosine formula to the side ZC
sin h= sinφ sin + cosφ cos cos t m (3)
To obtain the value of the azimuth of the luminary ( BUT) apply the formula of cotanges (4 adjacent elements) to the angle A
ctg A=tg cosφ cosec t m - sinφ ctg t m (4)
You can get other formulas for calculating the azimuth, using the height of the luminary as an argument ( h) obtained by formula (3).
Calculation of the azimuth by the arguments φ, and h.
To obtain the value of the azimuth of the luminary, we use the formula of cosines to the angle BUT.
Calculation of the azimuth by the arguments , t m and h.
To obtain the value of the azimuth of the star, we use the formula of sines
sin A/ sin(90°–) = sin t m / sin(90°– h)
sin A= sin cos t m sec h (6)
We get the azimuth in the range from 0 ° to 90 °, i.e., in a quarter account. The rules for determining the name of the azimuth given in the MT are quite complex. The formula is usually used for actual observations with simultaneous fixation (using a gyrocompass) of the name of a quarter of the horizon in which the height of the star is measured.
The solution of a parallactic triangle is performed using the formulas of spherical trigonometry on a calculator or using tables.
At present, the main way to solve a parallactic triangle is to solve it using formulas using a calculator, and an auxiliary one - using tables.
DECLINE OF THE LIGHT
DECLINE OF THE LIGHT
(Declination) - the arc of the meridian of the luminary from the equator to the place of the luminary. Denoted by the Greek letter δ (delta). If the luminary is in the northern hemisphere, then its S. is called nordic, or northern; if in the south, then south, or southern. If S. S. is of the same name with latitude, then it is considered positive and has a plus sign, but if S. S. is opposite with latitude, then it is negative and has a minus sign.
Samoilov K.I. Marine vocabulary. - M.-L.: State Naval Publishing House of the NKVMF of the USSR, 1941
See what the "DECTION OF THE LIGHT" is in other dictionaries:
Its angular distance from the celestial equator. To the north of the equator is considered positive, to the south is considered negative. Denoted in Greek. letter (see Spherical coordinates) … Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron
declination of the luminary- astron. The angle between the direction to the luminary and the plane of the equator ... Dictionary of many expressions
declension, declension, cf. 1. Action according to Ch. incline incline (book). He expressed his agreement with a slight bow of his head. Swaying someone to one side. 2. The angle formed by the magnetic needle of the compass and the direction of the geographic ... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
declination- I; cf. 1) to incline incline and incline incline. Greet someone. head bow. Engage in declining someone. on whose l., his side. 2) a) grams. Changing the name by cases and numbers ... Dictionary of many expressions
declination of the heavenly body- The angle between the direction to the star and the plane of the true horizon (one of the coordinates in the horizontal system of celestial coordinates, measured in degrees from the observer's plane: north - positive declination, south - negative ... ... Geography Dictionary
- (designated?) one of the equatorial coordinates; the arc of the circle of declinations from the celestial equator to the luminary; counted in both directions from the equator (from 0 to? 90 .; in the northern hemisphere of the celestial sphere, the declination is positive) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
DECLINE (denoted by d), one of the equatorial coordinates; the arc of the circle of declinations from the celestial equator to the luminary; counted in both directions from the equator (from 0 to ± 90 °; in the Northern Hemisphere of the celestial sphere, the declination is positive) ... encyclopedic Dictionary
The arc of the celestial meridian from the equator to some point on the celestial sphere (for example, to the place of the star). It is counted from 0 to 90 ° north (has a + sign and is denoted by the letter N and to the south (has signs is denoted by the letter S. It is one of ... ... Marine Dictionary
I; cf. 1. to Decline Decline and Decline Decline. Greet someone. head bow. Engage in declining someone. on whose l., his side. 2. Gram. Changing the name by cases and numbers (nouns, adjectives, ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
This term has other meanings, see Declension. Equatorial coordinate system Declination (δ) in astronomy is one of two coordinates ... Wikipedia
