Makhtumkuli biography in Russian. Lyric poetry of Makhtumkuli fraghi. Institutions and organizations

Makhtumkuli(Persian, Makhdumqoli Faraghi; Turkm. Magtymguly Pyragy - real name; "Frags"- pseudonym; 1724 - around 1807) - Turkmen poet, philosopher, classic of Turkmen literature. Son of the poet Azadi Dovletmamed.

Biography

Makhtumkuli was born in the village of Khadzhi Govshan in the valley of the Atrek River with the Sumbar and Chendyr tributaries in Turkmenistan, in the foothills of the Kopetdag, where the Göklen Turkmen lived. The Magtymguly family belonged to the Kyshyk tribe of the Gerkez clan, an offshoot of the Goklen tribe, a settled agricultural tribe that was in vassal submission to the Persian rulers.

In adulthood, the poet chose the pseudonym Fragi (separated). At the end of each poem, he placed this pseudonym, sometimes the real name, as if referring to himself. This was in the tradition of the poetry of his time.

He studied at the mektebe (village school), where his father taught. Makhtumkuli began to read Persian and Arabic as a child, which was greatly facilitated by the home library collected by his father. Also in childhood, Magtymguly joined the crafts - saddlery, blacksmithing and jewelry.

In 1753, Makhtumkuli studied for one year in the madrasah at the tomb of St. Idris Baba in Kizil-Ayak on the Amu Darya in the Bukhara Khanate.

In 1754, Magtymguly went to Bukhara, where he entered the famous Kokeltash madrasah, where he also studied for one year. There he befriended a Turkmen from Syria named Nuri-Kazym ibn Bahar, a highly educated man who bore the spiritual title of mawlana.

Together with Nuri-Kazym, Magtymguly set off to travel through the territories of present-day Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, they crossed Afghanistan and reached northern India.

In 1757 both arrived in Khiva, a major center of education with many madrasahs. Here Magtymguly entered the madrasah built by Khan Shirgazi in 1713. People from families especially marked by the khan's mercy studied here. Here he completed the course of study begun in the two previous madrasahs.

In 1760 Magtymguly's father died, and the poet returned to his homeland. A girl named Mengli, whom he loved, was given in marriage to another man whose family was able to pay the required dowry. He carried his love for Mengli through his whole life - many poems are dedicated to her.

Another blow was the death of two older brothers who were members of the embassy to the powerful ruler Ahmed Shah - they were captured. The longing for the brothers is reflected in many verses.

Returning home, Makhtumkuli got married. He was very fond of his two sons, Sarah and Ibrahim; but the boys died when one was twelve and the other seven.

After 1760 and until his death, Makhtumkuli traveled to the Mangyshlak peninsula, to Astrakhan, through the territory of present-day Azerbaijan and the countries of the Middle East.

Magtymguly changed the Turkmen poetic language to a large extent, bringing it closer to folk speech. He also abandoned the Arabic-Persian metric, traditional for Turkmen literature, and replaced it with a syllabic system.

Memory

  • Turkmenistan annually celebrates the Day of Revival, Unity and Poetry of Magtymguly Fragi on May 18, which is a day off.
  • In 1959, a USSR postage stamp dedicated to Makhtumkuli was issued.
  • In 1983, a USSR postage stamp dedicated to Makhtumkuli was issued.
  • In 1991, a commemorative coin of the USSR dedicated to Makhtumkuli was issued.
  • The Government of Turkmenistan annually awards an international award named after Magtymguly

Monuments

Monuments to Magtymguly have been erected in different cities of the world. The largest number of sculptures is located in the cities of Turkmenistan and countries former USSR(Kyiv, Astrakhan, Khiva), as well as in Iran and Turkey.

In particular, a monument to the Turkmen poet Makhtumkuli made of concrete and natural stone was erected in the center of Ashgabat in 1971, in the Makhtumkuli square on Makhtumkuli Avenue (former Liberty Avenue), opposite the building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Turkmenistan.

Toponymy

  • Magtymguly etrap is an etrap in the Balkan velayat of Turkmenistan.
  • Makhtumkuli - zones of the gas-oil field of Turkmenistan.
  • The streets of Ashgabat, Astana, Karshi, Tashkent, Turkmenbashi, Urgench and a number of smaller cities in Turkmenistan and other countries of the former USSR are named after Makhtumkuli.

Magtymguly is a Turkmen poet, a classic of Turkmen literature. Son of the poet Azadi Dovletmamed.

Makhtumkuli was born in the village of Khadzhi Govshan in the valley of the Atrek River with the Sumbar and Chendyr tributaries in Turkmenistan, in the foothills of the Kopetdag, where the Göklen Turkmen lived. The Magtymguly family belonged to the tribe of the Kyshyk of the Gerkez clan, an offshoot of the Göklen tribe, a settled agricultural tribe that was in vassal submission to the Persian rulers. In adulthood, the poet chose the pseudonym Fragi (separated). At the end of each poem, he placed this pseudonym, sometimes the real name, as if referring to himself. This was in the tradition of the poetry of his time.

He studied at the mektebe (village school), where his father taught. Makhtumkuli began to read Persian and Arabic as a child, which was greatly facilitated by the home library collected by his father. Also in childhood, Magtymguly joined the crafts - saddlery, blacksmithing and jewelry. In 1753, Makhtumkuli studied for one year in the madrasah at the tomb of St. Idris Baba in Kizil-Ayak on the Amu Darya in the Bukhara Khanate. In 1754, Magtymguly went to Bukhara, where he entered the famous Kokeltash madrasah, where he also studied for one year. There he befriended a Turkmen from Syria named Nuri-Kazym ibn Bahar, a highly educated man who bore the spiritual title of mawlana. Together with Nuri-Kazym, Magtymguly set off to travel through the territories of present-day Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, crossed Afghanistan and reached northern India.

In 1757 both arrived in Khiva, a major center of education with many madrasahs. Here Magtymguly entered the madrasah built by Khan Shirgazi in 1713. People from families especially marked by the khan's mercy studied here. Here he completed the course of study begun in the two previous madrasahs. In 1760 Magtymguly's father died, and the poet returned to his homeland. A girl named Mengli, whom he loved, was given in marriage to another man whose family was able to pay the required dowry. He carried his love for Mengli through his whole life - many poems are dedicated to her.

Another blow was the death of two older brothers who were members of the embassy to the powerful ruler Ahmed Shah - they were captured. The longing for the brothers is reflected in many verses.

Returning home, Makhtumkuli got married. He was very fond of his two sons, Sarah and Ibrahim; but the boys died when one was twelve and the other seven.

After 1760 and until his death, Makhtumkuli traveled to the Mangyshlak peninsula, to Astrakhan, through the territory of present-day Azerbaijan and the countries of the Middle East.

Magtymguly changed the Turkmen poetic language to a large extent, bringing it closer to folk speech. He also abandoned the Arabic-Persian metric, traditional for Turkmen literature, and replaced it with a syllabic system.

Makhtumkuli was born in the village of Khadzhi Govshan in the valley of the Atrek River with the tributaries of the Sumbar and Chendyr in Turkmenistan, in the foothills of the Kopetdag, where the Goklen of various tribes lived. The Makhtumkuli family belonged to the Kyshyk tribe of the Gerkez clan, an offshoot of the Goklen tribe, a settled agricultural tribe that was in vassal submission to the Persian rulers.

In adulthood, the poet chose the pseudonym Fragi (separated). At the end of each poem, he placed this pseudonym, sometimes the real name, as if referring to himself. This was in the tradition of the poetry of his time.

He studied at the mektebe (village school), where his father taught. Makhtumkuli began to read Persian and Arabic as a child, which was greatly facilitated by the home library collected by his father. Also in childhood, Magtymguly joined the crafts - saddlery, blacksmithing and jewelry.

In 1753, Makhtumkuli studied for one year in the madrasah at the tomb of St. Idris Baba in Kizil-Ayak on the Amu Darya in the Bukhara Khanate.

In 1754, Magtymguly went to Bukhara, where he entered the famous Kokeltash madrasah, where he also studied for one year. There he befriended a Turkmen from Syria named Nuri-Kazym ibn Bahar, a highly educated man who bore the spiritual title of mawlana.

Together with Nuri-Kazym, Magtymguly set off to travel through the territories of present-day Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, crossed Afghanistan and reached northern India.

In 1757 both arrived in Khiva, a major center of education with many madrasahs. Here Magtymguly entered the madrasah built by Khan Shirgazi in 1713. People from families especially marked by the khan's mercy studied here. Here he completed the course of study begun in the two previous madrasahs.

In 1760 Magtymguly's father died, and the poet returned to his homeland. A girl named Mengli, whom he loved, was given in marriage to another man whose family was able to pay the required dowry. He carried his love for Mengli through his whole life - many poems are dedicated to her.

Another blow was the death of two older brothers who were members of the embassy to the powerful ruler Ahmed Shah - they were captured. The longing for the brothers is reflected in many verses.

Returning home, Makhtumkuli got married. He was very fond of his two sons, Sarah and Ibrahim; but the boys died when one was twelve and the other seven.

After 1760 and until his death, Makhtumkuli traveled to the Mangyshlak peninsula, to Astrakhan, through the territory of present-day Azerbaijan and the countries of the Middle East.

Magtymguly changed the Turkmen poetic language to a large extent, bringing it closer to folk speech. He also abandoned the Arabic-Persian metric, traditional for Turkmen literature, and replaced it with a syllabic system.

Memory

  • Turkmenistan annually celebrates the Day of Revival, Unity and Poetry of Makhtumkuli.
  • In 1959, a USSR postage stamp dedicated to Makhtumkuli was issued.
  • In 1991, a commemorative coin of the USSR dedicated to Makhtumkuli was issued.

Monuments

Monuments of Magtymguly have been erected in different cities of the world. The largest number of sculptures is located in the cities of Turkmenistan and the countries of the former USSR (Kyiv and Astrakhan).

    Monument to Makhtumkuli in Ashgabat

    Fragi in Kyiv

    Monument to Makhtumkuli in Astrakhan

    Mausoleum of Magtymguly in Iran

Toponymy

  • Magtymguly etrap is an etrap in the Balkan velayat of Turkmenistan.
  • Makhtumkuli - zones of the gas-oil field of Turkmenistan.
  • The streets of Ashgabat, Astana, Karshi, Tashkent, Turkmenbashi, Urgench and a number of less populated cities of Turkmenistan and the countries of the former USSR are named after Makhtumkuli.

Institutions and organizations

  • In honor of Makhtumkuli named Turkmen State University.
  • Institute of Language and Literature named after Magtymguly.
  • National Music and Drama Theatre. Makhtumkuli in Ashgabat.
  • Turkmen Opera and Ballet Theatre. Makhtumkuli in Ashgabat.
  • Magtymguly Youth Organization.
  • Library them. Magtymguly in Kyiv.

Other

  • Since 1992, the Magtymguly International Prize in the field of the Turkmen language and literature.
  • Orchestral composition by Veli Mukhadov - Symphony 1 "In Memory of Magtymguly" (1974)
  • The Day of Revival, Unity and Poetry of Magtymguly is one of the officially established holidays of Turkmenistan. Celebrated on May 18, is a day off.
  • In honor of the great Turkic poet, the month of May of the Turkmen calendar was named "makhtumkuli" (Magtymguly a?)

In numismatics

  • Makhtumkuli in numismatics

    • Commemorative coin 1 ruble of the USSR with the profile of Makhtumkuli (1991)

    Banknote of 10 manats of Turkmenistan with the image of Magtymguly (2009)

Translations into Russian

  • Makhtumkuli. Favorites. M. Hood. Literature 1983. 414 p. Translations by G. Shengeli, Arseny Tarkovsky, Naum Grebnev, Y. Neiman, A. Revich, A. Starostin, Y. Valich, T. Streshneva.
  • Makhtumkuli. Soviet writer, B.P., Leningradskoe otd. 1984. 384 p. Translations by G. Shengeli, Arseny Tarkovsky, Naum Grebnev, Y. Neiman, A. Revich, A. Starostin, Y. Valich.
  • I hear the voice of a friend. Pages of Turkmen poetry. Translation by Naum Grebnev, Ashgabat, "Turkmenistan" 1985

  • Brief literary encyclopedia, M., 1972.
  • Foreword by A. Zyrin and M. Ovezgeldiyev to the publication of Makhtumkuli, Poems, Soviet writer, Leningrad branch, 1984
  • Nury Bayramov "Long Road", Ashgabat, "Magaryf", 1986. As part of the collection, the story "Long Road" (translated by Mikhail Grebnev) about Makhtumkuli.
makhtumkuli makhmudov, makhtumkuli poems
Makhtumkuli

Makhtumkuli(Persian مخدومقلی فراغی‎, Makhdumqoli Faraghi; Turkm. Magtymguly Pyragy - real name; "Fraghi"- pseudonym; 1727 or 1733 - about 1783) - Turkmen poet, classic of Turkmen literature. Son of the poet Azadi Dovletmamed.

  • 1 Biography
  • 2 Memory
    • 2.1 Monuments
    • 2.2 Toponymy
    • 2.3 Institutions and organizations
    • 2.4 Other
    • 2.5 Numismatics
  • 3 Translations into Russian
  • 4 Literature
  • 5 Notes
  • 6 Links

Biography

Makhtumkuli was born in the village of Khadzhi Govshan in the valley of the Atrek River with the Sumbar and Chendyr tributaries in Turkmenistan, in the foothills of the Kopetdag, where the Göklen Turkmen lived. The Magtymguly family belonged to the Kyshyk tribe of the Gerkez clan, an offshoot of the Goklen tribe, a settled agricultural tribe that was in vassal submission to the Persian rulers.

In adulthood, the poet chose the pseudonym Fragi (separated). at the end of each poem, he placed this pseudonym, sometimes the real name, as if referring to himself. This was in the tradition of the poetry of his time.

He studied at the mektebe (village school), where his father taught. Makhtumkuli began to read Persian and Arabic as a child, which was greatly facilitated by the home library collected by his father. Also in childhood, Magtymguly joined the crafts - saddlery, blacksmithing and jewelry.

In 1753, Makhtumkuli studied for one year in the madrasah at the tomb of St. Idris Baba in Kizil-Ayak on the Amu Darya in the Bukhara Khanate.

In 1754, Magtymguly went to Bukhara, where he entered the famous Kokeltash madrasah, where he also studied for one year. There he befriended a Turkmen from Syria named Nuri-Kazym ibn Bahar, a highly educated man who bore the spiritual title of mawlana.

Together with Nuri-Kazym, Magtymguly set off to travel through the territories of present-day Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, crossed Afghanistan and reached northern India.

In 1757 both arrived in Khiva, a major center of education with many madrasahs. Here Magtymguly entered the madrasah built by Khan Shirgazi in 1713. People from families especially marked by the khan's mercy studied here. Here he completed the course of study begun in the two previous madrasahs.

In 1760 Magtymguly's father died, and the poet returned to his homeland. A girl named Mengli, whom he loved, was given in marriage to another man whose family was able to pay the required dowry. He carried his love for Mengli through his whole life - many poems are dedicated to her.

Another blow was the death of two older brothers who were members of the embassy to the powerful ruler Ahmed Shah - they were captured. The longing for the brothers is reflected in many verses.

Returning home, Makhtumkuli got married. He was very fond of his two sons, Sarah and Ibrahim; but the boys died when one was twelve and the other seven.

After 1760 and until his death, Makhtumkuli traveled to the Mangyshlak peninsula, to Astrakhan, through the territory of present-day Azerbaijan and the countries of the Middle East.

Magtymguly changed the Turkmen poetic language to a large extent, bringing it closer to folk speech. He also abandoned the Arabic-Persian metric, traditional for Turkmen literature, and replaced it with a syllabic system.

Memory

  • Turkmenistan annually celebrates the Day of Revival, Unity and Poetry of Magtymguly Fragi on May 18, which is a day off.
  • In 1959, a USSR postage stamp dedicated to Makhtumkuli was issued.
  • In 1991, a commemorative coin of the USSR dedicated to Makhtumkuli was issued.

Monuments

Monuments to Magtymguly have been erected in different cities of the world. The largest number of sculptures is located in the cities of Turkmenistan and the countries of the former USSR (Kyiv, Astrakhan, Khiva), as well as in Iran and Turkey.

In particular, a monument to the Turkmen poet Makhtumkuli made of concrete and natural stone was erected in the center of Ashgabat in 1971, in the Makhtumkuli square on Makhtumkuli Avenue (former Liberty Avenue), opposite the building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Turkmenistan.

Toponymy

  • Magtymguly etrap is an etrap in the Balkan velayat of Turkmenistan.
  • Makhtumkuli - zones of the gas-oil field of Turkmenistan.
  • The streets of Ashgabat, Astana, Karshi, Tashkent, Turkmenbashi, Urgench and a number of smaller cities in Turkmenistan and other countries of the former USSR are named after Makhtumkuli.

Institutions and organizations

Named after the Turkmen poet Magtymguly:

  • Turkmen State University.
  • Magtymguly Institute of Language and Literature (Turkm. Magtymguly adyndaky Dil we Edebiýat Instituty).
  • National Music and Drama Theatre. Makhtumkuli in Ashgabat.
  • Turkmen Opera and Ballet Theater named after Makhtumkuli in Ashgabat.
  • Youth organization named after Magtymguly.
  • Library named after Makhtumkuli in Kyiv.

Other

  • In 1974, in memory of Magtymguly, an orchestral work by Veli Mukhadov was created - a symphony "In Memory of Magtymguly".
  • In 1992, the Magtymguly International Prize in the field of the Turkmen language and literature was established.
  • In 2013, in honor of Magtymguly, the work of Mamed Huseynov was written - the concert mono-opera "Monologues of Magtymguly Fragi".
  • In honor of the great Turkmen poet, the month of May of the Turkmen calendar was renamed the month of Makhtumkuli (Magtymguly aý).
  • In 2014, the Magtymguly Fragi Medal was established to reward for great merits in the study, dissemination and propaganda creative heritage Magtymguly..

In numismatics

  • Makhtumkuli in numismatics

    • Commemorative coin 1 ruble of the USSR with the profile of Makhtumkuli (1991)

  • Turkmen manat

    • Banknote of 10 manats of Turkmenistan with the image of Magtymguly (2009)

Translations into Russian

  • “Makhtumkuli. Favorites". Moscow. Publishing house " Fiction". 1983 414 p. Translations by Georgy Shengeli, Arseny Tarkovsky, Naum Grebnev, Julius Neiman, Alexander Revich, Anatoly Starostin, Y. Valich, T. Streshneva.
  • Magtymguly. Publishing house "Soviet writer", B.P., Leningrad branch. 1984 384 p. Translations by G. Shengeli, A. Tarkovsky, N. Grebnev, Y. Neiman, A. Revich, A. Starostin, Y. Valich.
  • “I hear the voice of a friend. Pages of Turkmen poetry. Ashgabat. Publishing house "Turkmenistan". 1985 Translation by N. Grebnev.

Literature

  • Brief literary encyclopedia, M., 1972.
  • Foreword by A. Zyrin and M. Ovezgeldiyev to the publication of Makhtumkuli, Poems, Soviet writer, Leningrad branch, 1984
  • Nury Bayramov "Long Road", Ashgabat, "Magaryf", 1986. As part of the collection, the story "Long Road" (translated by Mikhail Grebnev) about Makhtumkuli.

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