History of the Naryshkin family. The past of Russia: Naryshkins, a noble family - the history of the family, the main representatives, genealogies The Naryshkin family

Alexander Lvovich Naryshkin(1694-1745) - Russian statesman, nephew of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna, cousin of Peter the Great, who loved him very much and often called him simply Lvovich. At the age of fourteen he was sent to Holland to study seamanship; during a 13-year stay abroad he visited Germany, France, Spain and Italy. Upon his return to Russia, he was appointed to the Admiralty's office for carriage affairs, in 1724 he was appointed director of the Naval Academy, Moscow and other schools "acquired in the provinces", in 1725 - president of the college of chambers and director of the artillery office. Under Peter II, due to enmity with A.D. Menshikov, was disgraced and exiled to distant villages. Under Anna Ioannovna, he was president of the College of Commerce.
Kirill Alekseevich Naryshkin, the son of the room steward Alexei Fomich, the last kravchiy (1705), the chief commandant of Pskov and Derpt (1707-1710), the first commandant of St. Petersburg (1710-1716) and the governor of Moscow. Participated in the trial of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich.
Kirill Poluektovich Naryshkin(1623-1691) - father of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna. Being a poor nobleman, he served as a captain in Smolensk; Tsar Alexei summoned him to Moscow and bestowed him the rank of Duma nobleman, on Peter's birthday he was promoted to okolnichi, in 1673 - to the boyars. He was the chief judge in the order of the Grand Palace. After the death of Alexei Mikhailovich, through the machinations of the Miloslavskys, all positions were taken away from him; in 1682 he was tonsured under the name of Kipriyan and exiled to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery, where he died in 1691.

Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina(1651-1694) - queen, daughter of the previous one, second wife of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and mother of Emperor Peter I Alekseevich. She was brought up in the family of A.S. Matveev, where she was introduced to the king. With the accession of Peter I (1689), Natalya Kirillovna began to play a prominent role in government.

Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin, son of the previous one, boyar (1668-1705). Going on a trip abroad, Peter I appointed Naryshkin the first member of the council after Prince Romodanovsky to govern the state, and then the head of the Ambassadorial Department.
Semyon Grigorievich Naryshkin(died in 1747), son of the boyar Grigory Filimonovich Naryshkin, adjutant general of Peter I. Peter sent him to study sciences and languages in Germany; sent it in 1712 to the Danish king Frederick VI, with a letter about the speedy opening of hostilities against the Swedes; in 1713 - to Vienna, to conclude an alliance with Austria against the Turks; in 1714 - to Augustus II; in 1715 - to England, to congratulate George I on his accession to the throne. In 1718, Naryshkin was exiled in the case of Alexei Petrovich and returned under Catherine (1726). Under Elizabeth Petrovna, he was ambassador to London for about five years.
Semyon Kirillovich Naryshkin(1710-1775), General-in-Chief and Ober-Jägermeister. Educated abroad; was an extraordinary envoy to England (1740-41), then a marshal under the heir to the throne (1742-56) and, finally, chief jagermeister. Naryshkin was considered the first dandy of his time; his beautiful theater was repeatedly visited by Catherine II; Naryshkin's horn music was also famous.

The Naryshkin family is not ancient and not noble. The Naryshkins fell into the Moscow boyars only in late XVII in. in connection with the marriage of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina. However, the fact that Peter I was born from this marriage makes us take a closer look at this family. Even V. O. Klyuchevsky wrote that Peter the Great was born in the Naryshkins - physically strong, lively and lively people.

According to the genealogical legend, the Naryshkins descend from the "noble Bohemian family of Narisci", who allegedly owned the city of Yegru in Germany. Before us is an attempt to euphonize a typically Russian surname, and very unsuccessfully. The etymology of the Naryshkins (from Naryshko-Naryzhko) is as simple as it is indecent (I refer those who wish to get a more detailed idea to the dictionary of V. I. Dahl).

The Naryshkins are first mentioned in the 15th century, when they owned estates near Kaluga. In the Kazan campaign of 1552, Ivan Ivanovich Naryshkin was killed. His grandson, Poluekt Ivanovich, also laid down his life in battle - he died during the Smolensk campaign in 1633. Poluekt's sons, Cyril and Fedor, served in the regiments of the "foreign system", that is, in that part of the Russian army that was organized according to the European model. Usually poor nobles served in the regiments of the foreign system, and it was not for nothing that later the enemies of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna said that in childhood she walked in bast shoes, like a simple peasant woman. But service in the regiments of a foreign system turned out to be happy for the Naryshkins. Fedor Poluektovich, who served in the rank of captain, became friends with his colonel, Artamon Sergeevich Mateev, and married his wife's niece, Evdokia Grigoryevna, nee Hamilton. In addition to a deep mind and great education, Matveev was distinguished by kindness and cordiality. He adopted his relative, Natalia Naryshkina, daughter of Kirill Poluektovich (1623–1691), in order to educate her and marry her off.

In the house of Matveev, Natalya Naryshkina was met by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. He was fascinated by her beauty, intelligence and good breeding. Leaving Matveyev, the tsar said that he himself would look for a groom for his pupil. By that time, the tsar had been widowed after the death of Tsarina Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya. Soon a show of brides was announced, at which Alexei Mikhailovich, once again convinced of the superiority of Natalya Naryshkina over hundreds of other girls, chose her as his wife. At the last moment, the wedding almost broke down - Matveev's enemies planted a letter accusing the boyar of witchcraft and adherence to the black book (then such accusations were taken very seriously), but everything turned out well. The tsar granted the Naryshkins court ranks, and in 1672, in honor of the birth of Tsarevich Peter Alekseevich, he elevated Kirill Poluektovich Naryshkin and Artamon Sergeevich Matveev to roundabouts.

The future of the Naryshkins seemed to be the happiest: two more daughters were born from the successful union of Natalya Kirillovna with the tsar. Tsarevich Peter (as opposed to the sons of the king from his first marriage) grew up as a strong and healthy child. Matveev kept the confidence of the king. But suddenly fate dealt a cruel blow. On the night of January 29-30, 1676, having been ill for only a few days, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich died. The tsar's son from his first marriage, Fedor, came to the throne, and the Miloslavskys (relatives of the tsar's first wife) immediately began to push the Naryshkins. Matveev was exiled, the tsarina's brother, Ivan Kirillovich, was tortured on a false denunciation and sent into exile, Afanasy Kirillovich, Fyodor Poluektovich and other Naryshkins were also exiled.

Tsar Fyodor did not rule long and died in 1682. His coffin was still standing in the church, and the struggle for power between the Miloslavskys and the Naryshkins was already in full swing around. The princes claimed the throne - Ivan (from the first marriage of Alexei Mikhailovich) and Peter. Ivan was older, but ill, weak-eyed and unable to rule on his own. Ten-year-old Peter, on the other hand, was in good health and developed beyond his years. By a common decision of the patriarch, the boyars and Moscow "all ranks of the people" Tsarevich Peter was elected to the throne. Tsaritsa Natalya Kirillovna celebrated the victory. Matveev and Naryshkin returned from exile. Kirill Poluektovich and Ivan Kirillovich (at the age of 23) received the nobility.

However, the Miloslavskys, whose party was led by the boyar Ivan Mikhailovich Miloslavsky and the elder sister of Tsarevich Ivan, the power-hungry Sophia, did not doze off. They found a convenient tool for the fulfillment of their plans - the Moscow archers. Downtrodden and tortured by their superiors, the archers filed a petition, demanding to punish and change their colonels. The government hastened to comply with their demands, which only added fuel to the fire. Among the archers, demands began to be heard to exile objectionable boyars, and the Miloslavskys, taking the opportunity, set them on the Naryshkins and Matveev, spreading rumors and distributing money.

At dawn on May 15, 1682, a cry arose among the archers, as if the Naryshkins had strangled Tsarevich Ivan. Having unfolded the banners, the regiments went to the Kremlin to the beat of the drums. The patriarch and tsarina Natalya Kirillovna took the princes, Ivan and Peter, to the palace porch, showing that both sons of Tsar Alexei were alive. The crowd fell silent, but the conspirators began to shout that Matveyev and the Naryshkins should be handed over to them, because they would still destroy Tsarevich Ivan. Then Matveev came out to the archers. With his charm, he had such an effect on the rebels that the archers, listening to him, fell silent. But as soon as Matveev fell silent and returned to the palace, the boyar Prince M. Yu. Dolgorukov began to shout at the archers and drive them back to the regiments. The archers could not stand this, they grabbed Dolgorukov and, throwing him at the spears, chopped him half-dead with reeds.

Blood clouded the mind of the crowd. Streltsy executed Matveev and broke into the palace. Afanasy Kirillovich Naryshkin was found under the throne of the palace church and killed right on the porch. Ivan Fomich Naryshkin was killed in his house. The other Naryshkins hid in the palace. But the next day, archers appeared, demanding to extradite Ivan Kirillovich Naryshkin, whom they hated more than others.

The queen had to give Ivan away. Their parting was sad, but the boyars did not allow Natalya to say goodbye to her brother for a long time. “How much you, empress, do not regret, you will need to give it back, and you, Ivan, you need to go from here, otherwise we will all be ruined for you alone,” the boyar Prince Yakov Odoevsky hurried the queen and Naryshkin, almost knocking himself fear teeth. Ivan Naryshkin confessed, took communion and took unction. Taking the icon of the Mother of God, he went out to the archers, who led him to torture. Not having achieved self-incrimination from Naryshkin in malicious intent against Tsarevich Ivan, the archers hacked him with reeds. The rest of the Naryshkins were exiled to Siberia and distant cities, and the tsarina's father was forcibly tonsured a monk with the name of Cyprian and sent into exile to the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery.

The reign of Princess Sophia, who ruled on behalf of Tsars Ivan and Peter, lasted seven years. Peter, having reached the age of majority, removed his sister from power and imprisoned her in a monastery. The Naryshkins returned from exile, and one of the tsarina's brothers, Lev Kirillovich (1664–1705), received the nobility and became the head of the Ambassadorial Department. At this time, Peter was much more interested in military fun, handing over the reins of government to his mother and her relatives. Lev Kirillovich in such a responsible post was not up to par. Arrogant and proud, committed to drunkenness, he spent a lot of time in intrigue. The enemies of Lev Naryshkin were Peter's uncle, Prince B. A. Golitsyn, then the relatives of the tsar's first wife, Lopukhina. In 1694, Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna died, and the influence of Lev Kirillovich was shaken. In the end, Peter removed his uncle from management, transferring embassy affairs to the famous diplomat, boyar and admiral Fyodor Alekseevich Golovin.

The name of L. K. Naryshkin is associated with the most important changes in Russian art. In his estate near Moscow - the village of Fili - he erected in 1690-1693. The Church of the Intercession is a magnificent monument of the Moscow baroque, also called the Naryshkin baroque. Other buildings similar to it were erected in other Naryshkin estates, as well as in the family tomb of the Naryshkins - the Moscow Vysoko-Petrovsky Monastery. The Naryshkin baroque is distinguished by the multi-tiered temple buildings, lush white stone decor, intricate and slender ornaments in the external and internal design. Combining Western European and Russian artistic elements, the Naryshkin baroque is typical of the late 17th century. - a time of reflection and choice of the path along which the Europeanization and modernization of Russia will go.

Despite the removal from the affairs of L.K. Naryshkin, his descendants and relatives continued to occupy a prominent position at court. The sons of Lev Kirillovich, Alexander (1694–1746) and Ivan (1701–1734), under the decree of Peter I, studied maritime affairs abroad. Upon his return, Alexander Lvovich was appointed director of the Naval Academy (1721), was president of the Headquarters (1725) and the College of Chambers (1726). Peter I loved and respected his cousin, friendly calling him Lvovich.

Alexander Lvovich did not get along with Peter II - as a relative, he repeatedly made suggestions to the young emperor for idleness and commitment to entertainment and hunting. The result was not long in coming: Naryshkin was exiled to his estate, where he stayed until the accession of Anna Ioannovna. Under Anna Ioannovna, Naryshkin headed the College of Commerce and the Palace Construction Office and rose to the rank of Privy Councilor. Elizaveta Petrovna also distinguished Alexander Naryshkin by conferring on him the highest award in Russia - the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called.

The sister of A. L. and I. L. Naryshkin, Agrafena Lvovna (d. 1709), was the first wife of Prince Alexei Mikhailovich Cherkassky (see essay on the princes of Cherkassky).

The son of Alexander Lvovich, Lev Alexandrovich (1733–1799), became famous for his wit and social brilliance. In 1751 he was appointed chamber junker to the court of the heir to the throne, the Grand Duke Peter III, and his wife Ekaterina Alekseevna. His rapprochement with Catherine II belongs to this time. “He was the strangest person I have ever known,” the Empress writes in her notes. No one made me laugh like he did. He was a jester to the marrow of his bones, and if he had not been born rich, he could have lived and made money with his extraordinary comic talent. He was by no means stupid, he had heard a lot, but everything he heard was extremely original in his head. He could talk about any science and any art as he pleased, used technical terms, spoke continuously for a quarter of an hour or more, but neither he nor his listeners understood a word of his speech, although it flowed like clockwork, and usually ended with the whole society bursting into laughter.

There were close friendly relations between Catherine II and Lev Naryshkin, who after her accession became Ober-Stalmeiter, which continued until the very death of the Empress. Naryshkin constantly accompanied Catherine II during her trips, kept her company during an evening game of cards, and received the Empress in his house. Conversations with the witty nobleman gave the empress great pleasure, although she did not miss the opportunity to play a joke on Naryshkin's poor education. In one of her letters to the French philosopher F. M. Grimm, Catherine II reported: “You must certainly know that I passionately love to make the chief of the horse master talk about politics, and there is no greater pleasure for me than to let him arrange Europe in his own way ".

Rare quarrels between the Empress and Naryshkin, thanks to the comic talent of Lev Alexandrovich, ended happily for him. Memoirists describe the following case. One day, Catherine was traveling from St. Petersburg to Tsarskoe Selo, and on the way a wheel fell off the carriage. The Empress looked out of the carriage and said: “I’ll wash my hair for Levushka.” Naryshkin, in his position, was obliged to monitor the serviceability of the imperial crew. Naryshkin jumped out of the carriage, reached the entrance to Tsarskoe Selo, poured a bucket of water over his head and began to wait for the Empress. Driving up to Tsarskoye Selo and seeing Naryshkin in this form, Catherine II asked: “What are you, Levushka?” “What, mother! After all, you wanted to wash my hair. Knowing that you have a lot of worries even without my head, I washed it myself!”

Like other members of the family, Lev Naryshkin was a great connoisseur of beauty. He was looking for writers, artists and musicians to embellish secular society with them, he was a generous philanthropist and connoisseur of talents. Like a true Russian master, Naryshkin lived openly and hospitably. The door of his house, in the figurative expression of Griboyedov, was always "open for the invited and the uninvited." Every day the table was set for fifty or more people, and the host did not even know many of the guests by name. The hospitable St. Petersburg house of Lev Naryshkin on the Moika was sung by G. R. Derzhavin:

Where boredom and longing are forgotten

The family is courteous, not noisy,

An important hostess, domovita,

Leisure, affectionate, smart,

Where only affection, hospitality

And with their eyes they seek to please ...

The eldest son of L. A. Naryshkin, Alexander Lvovich (1760–1826), inherited his father's wit, liveliness of character and friendliness. His jokes and puns have been around for a long time in society. Once, at a parade in the Corps of Pages, the inspector of the Corps stumbled and fell on a drum. “This is the first time I made so much noise in the world,” Naryshkin noted. When the Prussian prince was visiting St. Petersburg, it rained throughout his stay. Alexander I expressed regret about this. “At least,” Naryshkin answered, “the prince will not say that Your Majesty received him dryly.”

Like his father, A.L. Naryshkin was a fine connoisseur of elegance. In 1799–1819 he headed the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters. The era of Naryshkin's management of the imperial theaters is considered an important era in the development of Russian theatrical art. He patronized the actors, staged performances in his St. Petersburg house. A lot was done by Alexander Lvovich for the development of musical art.

Quite professional concerts (“Petersburg Serenades”) of horn and sacred music were often held in the Naryshkin house. During the summer months, every evening the serf musicians of the Naryshkin ensemble played, driving along the Neva in front of their master's palace on the English Embankment.

The younger brother of Alexander Lvovich, Dmitry Lvovich (1764–1838), was no less famous, but his fame had a slightly different, more scandalous character. According to the recall of the memoirist F. F. Vigel, Naryshkin was "a wonderful man of truly aristocratic appearance." He also became famous as a hospitable patron and philanthropist, kept a unique ensemble of horn music. However, many guests of the hospitable Naryshkin Palace, looking at the gilded horns that the musicians of this ensemble trumpeted, probably could hardly resist the thought of other, no less luxurious horns that adorned the head of the owner of the house himself.

Naryshkin's wife was the first beauty of St. Petersburg - Princess Maria Antonovna Svyatopolk-Chetvertinskaya (from the Polish-Lithuanian princely family, descended from Rurik). Contemporaries found the beauty of Maria Naryshkina "so perfect that she seemed unnatural, impossible." G. R. Derzhavin sang it. Naryshkina allowed herself to appear in the light in a “simple crepe dress”, decorated with only a garland of forget-me-nots on her black hair. The marvelous charm of Maria Antonovna, which contemporaries compared with the images of Raphael, captivated Emperor Alexander I even at the time when he was heir to the throne. This affection lasted for several years and was not particularly hidden in the light. “About her mutual love (Naryshkina. - S. Sh.) with Emperor Alexander,” wrote F. F. Vigel, “I would not allow myself to speak if it remained a secret for anyone.” Maria Antonovna became the mother of the emperor's children - daughter Sophia (1808-1824) and son Emmanuel (1813-1902). The death of Sofya Naryshkina, a young girl who was betrothed to Count Andrei Shuvalov, deeply upset Emperor Alexander I. The groom, who had lost such a brilliant party, was no less grieved.

Thus, the position of Naryshkin in the world was very ambiguous, which was reflected in the famous anonymous libel received by A. S. Pushkin. Recall that the libel was a diploma for the title of a member of the "Most Serene Order of Cuckolds", whose Grand Master was Dmitry Lvovich Naryshkin.

At the same time, D. L. Naryshkin is also known as a generous benefactor. The owner of 25 thousand serfs, in 1812 he undertook to pay 20,000 rubles annually to the treasury until the enemy left Russia. True, as you know, Napoleon I did not stay in Russia for more than a year. Patronage and "generous aristocratic life" depleted the wealth of D. L. Naryshkin, and guardianship was established over his name.

However, the son of Maria Antonovna, Emmanuil Dmitrievich Naryshkin, thanks to the cares of Alexander I, retained a huge fortune, which he generously donated to the needs of education. At his expense, the Teachers' Institute was opened in Tambov, the Society for the Arrangement of Public Readings with a library, a reading room and a museum, housed in a large stone house, transferred to them in the ownership of the same city of Tambov. The commitment of E. D. Naryshkin to Tambov is explained by the fact that the Naryshkin ancestral lands have been inhabited since the end of the 17th century. were in the Tambov province. To this day, the name of the village of Emmanuilovka in the Shatsky district, modern Ryazan region (formerly part of the Tambov province) has preserved the memory of E. D. Naryshkin. The people, whose education E. D. Naryshkin was so concerned about, thanked the patron in his own way: his eighty-year-old widow, Alexandra Nikolaevna (née Chicherina, sister of the philosopher and lawyer B. N. Chicherin and aunt of the Soviet Commissar G. V. Chicherin), was shot in Tambov in 1919

Let us return to the senior line of the Naryshkins. Alexander Lvovich Naryshkin from marriage with the daughter of Admiral A. N. Sinyavin Maria Alekseevna (1762–1822), the beloved maid of honor of Catherine II, left two sons who bore the family names of Leo and Kirill.

Lev Alexandrovich (1785–1846) already at the age of 14 received the high court rank of chamberlain, then entered military service in the Life Guards Hussar Regiment. For participation in the war against Napoleon in 1806-1807. he was awarded a golden saber with the inscription "For Bravery". AT Patriotic war 1812 L. A. Naryshkin fought near Smolensk and Borodino, then was sent to Moscow as a truce to Napoleon. The purpose of Naryshkin's embassy mission was to prevent the destruction of the Moscow Kremlin by the French. Not taking into account the fact that Naryshkin was an envoy, the French took him prisoner during the retreat from Moscow, but during one of the dashing attacks on the remnants of " great army» The Cossacks freed Lev Aleksandrovich. Subsequently, L. A. Naryshkin participated in all major battles 1813–1814

The younger brother of L. A. Naryshkin, Kirill Alexandrovich (1786–1838), served at court, enjoyed great influence and achieved the ranks of a real chamberlain, member of the State Council and chief chamberlain. The senior line of the Naryshkins continued from him, closely connected with the court and the imperial family. The son of K. A. Naryshkin, Lev Kirillovich (1809–1855), distinguished himself by bravery during the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. and in the suppression of the Polish uprising of 1831. The son of the latter - Vasily Lvovich (1839-1909) - is known as a collector of paintings, works of arts and crafts, weapons. He presented his collection as a gift to Emperor Alexander II. The daughter of K. A. Naryshkin, Alexandra Kirillovna (1817–1856), married Countess Vorontsova-Dashkova, admired M. Yu. Lermontov with her beauty (the poet writes about her: “Like a curly-haired boy, frisky, elegant, like a butterfly in summer ...” ) and I. S. Turgenev.

The last prominent representative of this line at court was the master of ceremonies Kirill Vasilyevich Naryshkin (1877–1950), the great-grandson of K. A. Naryshkin. He was married to Vera Sergeevna Witte, the adopted daughter of a prominent statesman of the era of Nicholas II - Count S. Yu. Witte. K. V. Naryshkin managed to escape during the revolutionary events and emigrate. His family continues to this day. The granddaughter of K. V. Naryshkin, Natalya Lvovna Naryshkina (born 1928), lives in Paris.

Lateral branches of the genus gave many prominent representatives. A curious figure was the stolnik Matvey Filimonovich Naryshkin (d. 1692), a cousin of Kirill Poluektovich. He played the role of the first patriarch of the clownish "Drunken Cathedral" under the young Peter I and bore the name of Patriarch Milak. A portrait of M. F. Naryshkin, depicting him in this strange form, has been preserved. From an old canvas, a large old man with a full beard, dressed in a simple shirt and leaning on a wooden staff, looks at us. The portrait shows generic Naryshkin features - burning black eyes and black hair breaking through gray hair. The whole appearance of the "patriarch" is not full of clownish grandeur. One can only guess what made M. F. Naryshkin, who, judging by the portrait, possessed extraordinary moral strength and energy, play such an unenviable and dubious role.

A significant figure under Peter I was Kirill Alekseevich Naryshkin (d. 1723), second cousin of Empress Natalya Kirillovna. He participated in the Azov campaigns of 1695-1696, was in the province in Pskov in 1697-1699. and took part in the construction of the Peter and Paul Fortress, which became the core of the future capital of the empire - St. Petersburg (1703). Kirill Alekseevich supervised the construction work on one of the bastions of the fortress, later named Naryshkinsky in his honor. For six years, Naryshkin served as chief commandant in Pskov and Dorpat (1704-1710), and then in 1710-1716. was the first commandant of St. Petersburg. From the new capital, K. A. Naryshkin was transferred to manage the old one. As Moscow governor (1716–1719), Naryshkin contributed to the development of Moscow industry, with him built new brick factories, a sailing factory on the Klyazma, a cloth mill on the Moscow River, for which a dam was specially built near the All Saints Bridge. In 1718, he was a member of the court in the case of Tsarevich Alexei and, along with others, signed the death warrant for the Tsarevich.

The son of K. A. Naryshkin, Semyon Kirillovich (1710–1775), was educated abroad. On the day of the accession to the throne of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, he received the rank of chamberlain, then carried out the mission of an extraordinary envoy to England, and upon his return was appointed court marshal of the heir to the throne - Grand Duke Peter Fedorovich, the future Peter III. Under Peter III and Catherine II, his career developed successfully: he received one after another the positions of the chamber marshal and chief chasseur, by the end of his life he was general-in-chief and knight of the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called.

He was considered the first dandy of his time. On the day of the wedding of Peter III, Semyon Kirillovich rode out in a carriage decorated with mirrors both inside and out. At that time, mirrors were made of silver and were very expensive. Naryshkin's caftan was embroidered with silver thread, and a tree was embroidered on the back, the branches and leaves of which diverged along the sleeves.

Like many of the Naryshkins, Semyon Kirillovich was an avid theatergoer. It contained a fine home theater and a horn music orchestra. On December 8, 1774, in the presence of Catherine II, the Naryshkin Theater staged the opera Alceste, composed by A.P. Sumarokov. After the opera, the audience watched the ballet "Diana and Endymion", which was staged more than luxuriously - live deer even ran on the stage.

The great-nephew of S. K. Naryshkin - Mikhail Mikhailovich (1798-1863) - served in the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment, then in Izmailovsky and Tarutinsky. He was a member of secret societies since 1818, participated in the preparation of the uprising in Moscow in December 1825. Sentenced to hard labor for a period of eight years, Naryshkin served his sentence at the Petrovsky Plant. In 1833, he left for a settlement in Kurgan, from where he was transferred as a private to the active army in the Caucasus. In battles with the highlanders, Naryshkin repeatedly distinguished himself and was promoted to officer. In 1844, he retired with the rank of ensign and settled in the Tula province, without the right to freely leave, but the former Decembrist was released from secret supervision. He died already in the era of Alexander II, having received freedom from all restrictions under an amnesty.

The wife of M. M. Naryshkin was the daughter of the general and hero of the Patriotic War of 1812, Count Pyotr Petrovich Konovnitsyn, Elizaveta Petrovna (1802–1867), who followed her husband to Siberia. The brothers of E. P. Naryshkina, Ivan and Pyotr Petrovich, are also involved in the Decembrist uprising, and the elder brother of Naryshkin himself, Kirill Mikhailovich (1785–1857), is married to the sister of the Decembrist A. N. Sutgof.

An outstanding personality was the sister of Mikhail Mikhailovich - Margarita Mikhailovna (1782-1852), in the marriage of Tuchkov. The widow of the hero of 1812, Major General Alexander Alekseevich Tuchkov (1778–1812), who died in the Battle of Borodino, she founded the Spaso-Borodino Monastery in memory of her husband at the site of his death, took monasticism with the name of Mary and became the abbess of the monastery.

It is impossible not to say about Varvara Alexandrovna Naryshkina (1834–1913), the daughter of Staff Captain Alexander Mikhailovich, brother of Mikhail Mikhailovich and Margarita Mikhailovna. Varvara Alexandrovna's mother, Alexandra Vasilievna (née Beklemisheva), died early, and the girl remained in the care of her aunt, who loved her dearly, Princess Evdokia Mikhailovna Golitsyna. She often visited another aunt in the Spaso-Borodino Monastery - Abbess Maria. According to the biographer, “she was captivated by everything sublime and beautiful, she combined grace with simplicity, dignity with humility, willpower with compliance, deep piety with secular cheerfulness. In a word, it was a kind of type of Russian woman, the ideal of a Christian laywoman. Her husband was Prince Pyotr Nikolaevich Turkestanov (1830–1891), a descendant of Georgian princes - "smart, serious, noble, he seemed to have an even softer heart and exquisitely refined delicacy." The eldest son of this beautiful couple is Prince Boris Petrovich (1861-1934), in monasticism Trifon (since 1889) - an outstanding church figure and a famous Moscow preacher of the 1920-1930s. His appearance is captured on the canvases of P. D. Korin "Metropolitan Tryphon" and "Russia is leaving."

Known as a prominent diplomat Semyon Grigoryevich Naryshkin (d. 1747), son of the boyar Grigory Filimonovich, and second cousin of Queen Natalia. He was educated in Vienna and Berlin at the very end of the 17th century, then repeatedly went on various diplomatic missions to Austria, Prussia, Florence and England. For participation in the case of Tsarevich Alexei, S. G. Naryshkin was exiled to his villages. After the death of Peter I, he returned from exile, served at court, received the rank of full general and the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky.

The great-nephew of S. G. Naryshkin, Vasily Vasilyevich (b. 1738), became famous in a very peculiar way. Together with his brothers, Semyon (1731 - until 1800) and Alexei (1742-1800), famous writers and friends of D. Diderot, Vasily Vasilyevich was a member of the literary circle of N. I. Novikov at Moscow University. He closely followed the liberal trends at the beginning of the reign of Catherine II (both of his brothers were members of the Commission for the preparation of the New Code), but became disillusioned with them. Then Naryshkin decided to create a just social order on his own. In 1774, he achieved the appointment of the head of the Nerchinsk factories in Transbaikalia and set about implementing fundamental social changes. He forbade officials to own land, delayed the collection of the poll tax, allowed the peasants to earn extra money by transporting ore, and increased the payment for these works, and established an institution of judges elected from among the peasants at the local level. Naryshkin also set about creating his own armed forces: he formed a squadron from the baptized Tungus, attracted the Yaik Cossacks into his army and, taking state-owned artillery and supplies, led his army against the Irkutsk governor, attracting new crowds of supporters along the way. Finished Naryshkin deplorably - he was arrested and convicted in 1777 on charges of rebellion.

A curious person was the tsarina's fourth cousin, Ivan Ivanovich Naryshkin (1668–1735). Despite the rise of the family under Peter I and the active participation of his relatives in the reforming activities of the great reformer, Ivan Ivanovich was an ardent supporter of antiquity. After the death of Peter I, he asked for permission to be called the old rank of room steward instead of a real chamberlain. He also married, contrary to family traditions and passions, to Anastasia Alexandrovna Miloslavskaya (1700–1754), a representative of the family of the Naryshkins' worst enemies.

The grandson of I. I. Naryshkin, Ivan Aleksandrovich (1761–1841), a senator, chief chamberlain and chief master of ceremonies, like many of the Naryshkins, became famous as a patron of the arts and music lover, he himself played the violin at home concerts, the visitor of which was Emperor Alexander I. In the memoirs of E.P. Yankova, Naryshkin is described as “small, thin and pretty man, very courteous in handling and a big shark. His hair was very sparse, he cut it short and in a special way, which suited him very well; was a great hunter for rings and wore excellent diamonds. Regarding the hairstyle of I. A. Naryshkin, it should be said that in the Catherine and Pavlovian eras, most men wore long hair, gathering it in a braid at the back. Many Catherine's dandies (for example, the aforementioned A. L. Naryshkin) did not part with braids even under Alexander I, when it already looked like a funny relic of the past. He married the beautiful Baroness Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Stroganova (1769–1844), N. N. Goncharova's aunt. Natalya Nikolaevna, already at the time of her marriage, together with A.S. Pushkin visited her aunt in her Moscow house on Prechistenka.

The eldest son of I. A. and E. A. Naryshkin, Alexander, a prominent and handsome young officer who showed great promise, had a lively and quick-tempered disposition. During a card game, he quarreled with the famous Breter Count F.I. Tolstoy-American and was killed by him in a duel (1809). Another son of Ivan Alexandrovich, Grigory Ivanovich (1790–1835), participated in the Patriotic War of 1812. From his marriage to Princess Anna Vasilievna Meshcherskaya, Grigory Ivanovich left a son, collegiate secretary Alexander Grigoryevich (1818–1855). The latter died at a young age, and his widow Nadezhda Ivanovna (née Knorring; 1825–1895) left Russia; together with her daughter, she converted to Catholicism and married a second marriage to Alexandre Dumas, son.

A mysterious and dramatic story is connected with the name of Nadezhda Ivanovna Naryshkina, a red-haired beauty and socialite. Naryshkina was the beloved playwright Alexander Vasilyevich Sukhovo-Kobylin. In 1851, their daughter Nadezhda was born, later adopted by Sukhovo-Kobylin. At the same time, Sukhovo-Kobylin was married in a civil marriage to the Frenchwoman Louise Simon-Demanche.

In the late autumn of 1850, Louise Simon-Demanche was found dead behind one of the Moscow outposts. The investigation established that the young woman died from a wound inflicted on her throat with a blunt object. This death excited secular society. There were rumors that Sukhovo-Kobylin, wanting to untie his hands, killed his mistress, who arranged scenes of jealousy for him. The playwright was arrested and spent many years under investigation. Naryshkina retired from Moscow.

During the investigation, the police found that the murderers were the serfs of Louise Simon-Demanche, who intended to rob their mistress. Sukhovo-Kobylin was released and acquitted. However, both contemporaries and many literary critics believed that Sukhovo-Kobylin bribed the serfs and they took all the blame. Only research recent years fully justify the playwright.

The sister of A. G. Naryshkin, Nadezhda Grigorievna (1820–1874), also moved to France and founded a community of sisters of mercy in Paris.

The Naryshkins suffered during the revolution and civil war. The staff captain of the Life Guards of the Preobrazhensky Regiment, Pyotr Alekseevich Naryshkin, was shot two months after the Bolshevik coup - in December 1917. At the same time, the lieutenant of the same regiment, S. G. Naryshkin, also died. In 1927, Boris Alexandrovich Naryshkin (b. 1884), a former officer of the Chernigov Hussar Regiment, was shot in Moscow on false charges of a monarchist conspiracy. B. A. Naryshkin was rehabilitated in 1992. The fate of Alexandra Nikolaevna Naryshkina, the widow of E. D. Naryshkin, has already been mentioned above.

Some of the members of this family managed to emigrate. Member of the White movement, captain of the Life Guards Lancers Regiment Kirill Dmitrievich Naryshkin, emigrated to France, where he died after 1963. The same fate befell the captain of the Life Guards Hussar Regiment Lev Vasilyevich Naryshkin (d. 1931). Kirill Anatolyevich Naryshkin (1868–1924), a childhood friend of Nicholas II, an aide-de-camp and head of the Military Camping Office of His Imperial Majesty, also emigrated.

And yet the Naryshkin family survived in Soviet Russia. Today, a branch of this kind continues in our Fatherland. Other representatives of the family live in the USA, South Africa and Israel.

Concluding the story about the Naryshkins, we will quote from the work of the modern historian of the family D.V. Sizonenko, which correctly characterizes the main character of this aristocratic family: new Russia, and personified the festive side of the young capital: cheerful luxury of life, generous and frivolous extravagance, elegant refinement of taste, precautionary, as it were, natural adaptation to the trends of the court. This family has not nominated a single military leader, a major diplomat for two centuries, but at the same time, it has not stained itself with extortion, cruelty, or even arrogant treatment of those who were lower. The invariable grace of successive monarchs and monarchesses put them on an equal footing with the old and influential princely and boyar families.

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A large and rich village of Naryshkino played a significant role in the history of the Bekovsky region in the past.

The lands on which it arose were first mentioned in 1622. Then they were called Khopersky on-board harvest. In 1691, they were granted to the uncle of Peter I, the brother of his mother, Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna, nee Naryshkina, the boyar Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin.

The Naryshkin family dates back to the 15th century. There is a legend about the origin of the Naryshkin surname from the Czech Republic, from the distorted name of the NORISK tribe (German NORISKEN), which allegedly became the family name of the clan. However, the genealogy, compiled on the basis of bit documents, clearly indicates the progenitor of the surname. It was the Crimean Tatar Mordoka Kurbat, who went to Moscow to serve Ivan III (1465), and was called by the Russians Narysh (diminutive Naryshko). His great-grandson Ivan Semyonovich Naryshkin (1528) received letter of commendation, and in 1544 was recorded in the thousandth household book. Killed in the Kazan campaign (1552). His son Boris Ivanovich was the head of a large regiment (1516) in the German - Livonian campaign, where he was killed. The sons of Boris Poluekt (Polyevkt) and Polycarp received a letter of patrimony from Shuisky for the Moscow siege.

Polievkt is the ancestor of a branch of the Naryshkin family, which became famous in Russian history for its kinship with the royal house.

Kirill Polievktovich was born in 1623 and at first was a poor service nobleman. From the captains of the Reiter system in the regiment A.A. Matveev rose thanks to the patronage of his commander, and then - the favor of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Naryshkin was appointed colonel in the archery regiment (1666), and then became a stolnik. The finest hour of Kirill Polievktovich came when Alexei Mikhailovich chose his daughter Natalya Kirillovna as his wife. After the wedding, the tsar's father-in-law was made a duma nobleman (February 7, 1671), and on the birthday of Tsarevich Peter I he was elevated to the boyars, appointed the butler of the tsarina and the first judge in the order of the large palace. When Peter I reached independent rule, K.P. Naryshkin retired and died in 1693.

Kirill Polievktovich had 5 sons, including Lev Kirillovich (1664 - 1705), boyar, member of the council, manager state affairs during the first trip abroad of Peter I. Then Lev Kirillovich managed the embassy order (1698 - 1702), but before his death, he lost the favor of the king for the unrest.

Only Lev Kirillovich left offspring: he had 2 sons - Alexander Lvovich (1694-1745) and Ivan Lvovich (1700 - 1734). Alexander Lvovich had a son, Alexander Alexandrovich. And Ivan Lvovich had his only daughter Ekaterina Ivanovna, who was married to the Hetman of Little Russia Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky and died at the age of 40 (1731 - 1771). Their daughter Alexandra Apraksina became the last owner of the village from the Naryshkin family. She sold her possessions to the last serf-owner, Count Ilya Andreevich Kushelev - Bezborodko.

Noble family. Not distinguished by special antiquity or meritoriousness, the Naryshkins in the old pre-Petrine Russia did not stand out in any way from the ranks of the numerous, middle service class of the Muscovite state. There are conflicting testimonies about the origin of the Naryshkins. The mural submitted by them to the Razryad says that they left the Crimea in 1465 and adopted the name from an ancestor called Naryshko (the Mortkins and Safonovs were of the same origin with them).

Book. P.V. Dolgoruky cites the news that the Naryshkins pretended to be the ancient rulers of the city of Egra in Bohemia. Not considering it necessary to refute this news in detail, he claims that the Naryshkins originally bore the surname Yaryshkins and were simple farmers in the village of Stary Kirkin, located not far from the town of Mikhailov, Ryazan province. Only in 1670, when Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich married Natalya Kirillovna, daughter of Kirilla Poluektovich Naryshkin(and according to Prince Dolgoruky - Yaryshkin), Kirilla Poluektovich asked permission for himself and his relatives to be called Naryshkins. In his "Memoirs" book. Dolgoruky relates the change in the name of the Yaryshkins to a more distant time - to the beginning of the 17th century; Tsar Vasily Ivanovich Shuisky then granted the patrimony to Polikarp Borisovich Yaryshkin, the grandson of Ivan Ivanovich killed in 1552 near Kazan, and Polikarp Borisovich became known as Naryshkin; his cousins followed suit. There is no doubt that the name of the Yaryshkins (and rather old one) existed, but both in origin and in the coat of arms it has nothing to do with the Naryshkins.

The genealogy of the Naryshkins, published in the "Russian Genealogical Book" book. A. B. Lobanov-Rostovsky, begins directly with Ivan Ivanovich Naryshkin, who was killed in the Kazan campaign in 1552 and left two sons. This genealogy, apparently, completely neglects the testimony of the Naryshkins about their first ancestors, placed in the painting submitted to the Razryad, and detracts from the antiquity of the Naryshkin family; As can be seen from the Kashkin family archive, at the end of the 15th century, the Naryshkins owned two estates in the Kozelsky district of the Kaluga province - the villages of "Pryski" and "Verkh-Serena" and carried out a very difficult and responsible service in the Russian regions bordering Lithuania. In time, this almost coincides with the departure of the Naryshkins from the Crimea, and therefore there is some doubt both in the likelihood of this fantastic departure, and in the Tatar origin of the Naryshkins.

In the Boyar Book of 7135 (1627), among the nobles in the city of Tarusa, it is shown: "Poluecht Ivanov, son of Naryshkin. The local salary is 600 four; he serves by choice." Thus, even in early XVII in. Grandfather of Tsaritsa Natalya Kirillovna belonged, both in terms of local salary and service, to the number of significant Tarussky landowners: owning 600 children, he served in choice, i.e., in the first article of the nobles. Poluyekht Ivanovich was killed near Smolensk in 1633.

The entry of the Naryshkins into the palace nobility was due to the marriage of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to Natalya Kirillovna. After the birth of Tsarevich Peter from this marriage, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich granted his father-in-law Kirill Poluektovich a roundabout, and then a boyars. Three cousins of Cyril Poluektovich also became boyars, and one was a roundabout. The three brothers of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna were boyars; in total, there were 8 boyars in the Naryshkin family. The offspring of the brothers of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna, very few, still exist in the person of the children of Vasily Lvovich Naryshkin, who died in 1906. From the same branch came the Chief Chamberlain Emmanuil Dmitrievich Naryshkin, who died in 1902, a well-known philanthropist, the son of Maria Antonovna Naryshkina, nee Princess Chetvertinskaya. All the rest, now existing, rather numerous Naryshkins, descend from second cousins of Tsaritsa Natalya Kirillovna.

"Russian Archive" 1871, pp. 1487-1519; book. A. B. Lobanov-Rostovsky, "Russian Genealogical Book", ed. 1895, vol. P, pp. 5-18; "Encyclopedic Dictionary" Brockhaus, v. XX; "Velvet Book", ed. N. I. Novikova, 1787, vol. II, pp. 350, 374 and 421; "Proceedings of the Russian Genealogical Society". SPb., 1900 Issue I. An extensive bibliography about the Naryshkin family is placed in the book by L. M. Savelov: "Bibliographic index on the history, heraldry and genealogy of the Tula nobility", ed. M. T. Yablochkova, M. 1904; M. I. Tregubov "Alphabetical list noble families Vladimir province." Ownership of the province., 1905; I. 3. Krylov, "Memorable graves in the Moscow Vysoko-Petrovsky monastery", M., 1841; V. Ts-n, "Historic. memoirs of the Naryshkin family" ("St. Petersburg. Ved." 1845, No. 129-132); Ustryalov, "History of the reign of Peter the Great", vol. I; Dictionaries: Brockhaus u Efron; Larousse, Grand Dictionnaire universel; Slovnik Naučnỳ; Wielka Encyklopedya Powszechna ilustrowana and others, Pr. Pierre Dolgorouky, "Notices sur les principales familles de la Russie", nouv. éd., Berlin, 1859, his own, "Mémoires", Genève, 1867. About the larger representatives of the Naryshkin family who played a role at the Courts of Catherine II, Paul I and Alexander I, one can find a lot of biographical information in numerous foreign memoirs dating back to that time, especially Schnitzler in his "Histoire intime de la Russie ..."; Masson, "Mémoires secrets sur la Russie...", etc., as well as in no less numerous descriptions of the reigns of the mentioned monarchs and the court life of their time.

(Polovtsov)

Naryshkins

A noble family, originating, according to the legends of ancient genealogies, from Crimean Tatar Naryshka who left for Moscow in 1463. Boris Ivanovich N. was a governor in the campaign of 1575 and was killed near Sokol. N. rose at the end of the 17th century, thanks to the marriage of the king Alexey Mikhailovich with daughter Kirill Poluektovich N., Natalia(cm.). The tsarina's father, three of her brothers, and four more distant relatives were boyars; one of them, boyar Ivan Kirillovich, killed during the Streltsy rebellion of 1682. To the senior line of H., descended from the brother of Tsarina Natalia, boyar Lev Kirillovich(see below), belongs to Emmanuil Dmitrievich N. (see the corresponding article). From boyar Grigory Filimonovich N., cousin uncle of Tsaritsa Natalya Kirillovna, is going on Alexander Alekseevich N. (born in 1839), now Deputy Minister of Agriculture and State Property. The genus N. is included in the VI part of the genealogy book of Moscow, Oryol, St. Petersburg, Kaluga and Nizhny Novgorod province(Armorial, II, 60).

Naryshkins - Russians statesmen. - Alexander Lvovich(1694-1745) - nephew of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna, cousin of Peter the Great, who loved him very much and often called him simply Lvovich. At the age of fourteen he was sent to Holland to study seamanship; during a 13-year stay abroad he visited Germany, France, Spain and Italy. Upon his return to Russia, he was appointed to the Admiralty's office for carriage affairs, in 1724 he was appointed director of the Naval Academy, Moscow and other schools "acquired in the provinces", in 1725 - president of the college of chambers and director of the artillery office. Under Peter II, due to enmity with A. D. Menshikov, he was disgraced and exiled to distant villages. Under Anna Ioannovna, he was president of the College of Commerce. - Kirill Alekseevich, the son of the room steward Alexei Fomich, the last kravchiy (1705), the chief commandant of Pskov and Derpt (1707-1710), the first commandant of St. Petersburg (1710-1716) and the governor of Moscow. Participated in the trial of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich. - Kirill Poluektovich(1623-1691), father of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna. Being a poor nobleman, he served as a captain in Smolensk; Tsar Alexei summoned him to Moscow and bestowed him the rank of Duma nobleman, on Peter's birthday he was promoted to okolnichi, in 1673 - to the boyars. He was the chief judge in the order of the Grand Palace. After the death of Alexei Mikhailovich, through the machinations of the Miloslavskys, all positions were taken away from him; in 1682 he was tonsured under the name of Kipriyan and exiled to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery, where he died. - Lev Kirillovich, son of the previous one, boyar (1668-1705). Going on a trip abroad, Peter I appointed N. the first after Prince Romodanovsky a member of the council to govern the state, and then the head of the Ambassadorial order. - Semyon Grigorievich, son of the boyar Grigory Filimonovich, adjutant general of Peter I. Peter sent him to Germany to study sciences and languages; sent it in 1712 to the Danish king Frederick VI, with a letter about the speedy opening of hostilities against the Swedes; in 1713 - to Vienna, to conclude an alliance with Austria against the Turks; in 1714 - to Augustus II; in 1715 - to England, to congratulate George I on his accession to the throne. In 1718, N. was exiled in the case of Alexei Petrovich and returned under Catherine (1726). Under Elizabeth Petrovna, he was ambassador to London for about five years. Died 1747 - Semyon Kirillovich, General-in-Chief and Chief Jägermeister (1710-1775). Educated abroad; was an extraordinary envoy to England (1740-41), then a marshal under the heir to the throne (1742-56) and, finally, chief jagermeister. N. was considered the first dandy of his time; his beautiful theater was repeatedly visited by Catherine II; the horn music of N.

V. R-in .

(Brockhaus)

Naryshkins

(deputies of the Committee of the New Code, 1767): Alexey (? Vasilyevich); Semyon (? Vasilyevich).

- Russian a noble family from small-scale Tarusa landowners, known from the middle. 16th century N. advanced to political...
Soviet historical encyclopedia
- nobility. Not distinguished by special antiquity or meritoriousness, in the old pre-Petrine Russia they did not stand out in any way from the ranks of the numerous, middle service class of the Muscovite state ...

Naryshkins

In the Boyar Book of 7135 (1627), among the nobles in the city of Tarusa, it is shown: "Poluecht Ivanov, son of Naryshkin. The local salary is 600 four; he serves by choice." Thus, at the beginning of the XVII century. Grandfather of Tsaritsa Natalya Kirillovna belonged, both in terms of local salary and service, to the number of significant Tarussky landowners: owning 600 children, he served in choice, i.e., in the first article of the nobles. Poluyekht Ivanovich was killed near Smolensk in 1633.

"Russian Archive" 1871, pp. 1487-1519; book. A. B. Lobanov-Rostovsky, "Russian Genealogical Book", ed. 1895, vol. P, pp. 5-18; "Encyclopedic Dictionary" Brockhaus, v. XX; "Velvet Book", ed. N. I. Novikova, 1787, vol. II, pp. 350, 374 and 421; "Proceedings of the Russian Genealogical Society". SPb., 1900 Issue I. An extensive bibliography about the Naryshkin family is placed in the book by L. M. Savelov: "Bibliographic index on the history, heraldry and genealogy of the Tula nobility", ed. M. T. Yablochkova, M. 1904; M. I. Tregubov "Alphabetical list of noble families of the Vladimir province." Vlad. lips., 1905; I. 3. Krylov, "Memorable graves in the Moscow Vysoko-Petrovsky Monastery", M., 1841; V. Ts-n, "Historical Memories of the Naryshkin Family" ("St. Petersburg Ved." 1845, Nos. 129-132); Ustryalov, "History of the reign of Peter the Great", vol. I; Dictionaries: Brockhaus and Efron; Larousse, Grand Dictionnaire universe; Slovnik Naučnỳ; Wielka Encyklopedya Powszechna ilustrowana and others; Pr. Pierre Dolgorouky, "Notices sur les principales familles de la Russie", nouv. éd., Berlin, 1859, his own, "Mémoires", Genève, 1867. About the larger representatives of the Naryshkin family, who played a role in the courts of Catherine II, Paul I and Alexander I, one can find a lot of biographical information in numerous foreign memoirs relating to by that time, especially with Schnitzler in his "Histoire intime de la Russie..."; Masson, "Mémoires secrets sur la Russie ...", etc., as well as in no less numerous descriptions of the reigns of the mentioned monarchs and the court life of their time.

(Polovtsov)

Naryshkins

Noble family, originating, according to the legends of ancient genealogists, from the Crimean Tatar Naryshka who left for Moscow in 1463. Boris Ivanovich N. was a governor in the campaign of 1575 and was killed near Sokol. N. rose at the end of the 17th century, thanks to the marriage of the king Alexey Mikhailovich with daughter Kirill Poluektovich N., Natalia(cm.). The tsarina's father, three of her brothers, and four more distant relatives were boyars; one of them, boyar Ivan Kirillovich, killed during the Streltsy rebellion of 1682. To the senior line of H., descended from the brother of Tsarina Natalia, boyar Lev Kirillovich(see below), belongs to Emmanuil Dmitrievich N. (see the corresponding article). From boyar Grigory Filimonovich N., cousin uncle of Tsaritsa Natalya Kirillovna, is going on Alexander Alekseevich N. (born in 1839), now Deputy Minister of Agriculture and State Property. The genus N. is included in the VI part of the genealogical book of the Moscow, Orel, St. Petersburg, Kaluga and Nizhny Novgorod provinces (Armorial, II, 60).

The Naryshkins are Russian statesmen. - Alexander Lvovich(1694-1745) - nephew of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna, cousin of Peter the Great, who loved him very much and often called him simply Lvovich. At the age of fourteen he was sent to Holland to study seamanship; during a 13-year stay abroad he visited Germany, France, Spain and Italy. Upon his return to Russia, he was appointed to the Admiralty's office for carriage affairs, in 1724 he was appointed director of the Naval Academy, Moscow and other schools "acquired in the provinces", in 1725 - president of the college of chambers and director of the artillery office. Under Peter II, due to enmity with A. D. Menshikov, he was disgraced and exiled to distant villages. Under Anna Ioannovna, he was president of the College of Commerce. - Kirill Alekseevich, the son of the room steward Alexei Fomich, the last kravchiy (1705), the chief commandant of Pskov and Derpt (1707-1710), the first commandant of St. Petersburg (1710-1716) and the governor of Moscow. Participated in the trial of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich. - Kirill Poluektovich(1623-1691), father of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna. Being a poor nobleman, he served as a captain in Smolensk; Tsar Alexei summoned him to Moscow and bestowed him the rank of Duma nobleman, on Peter's birthday he was promoted to okolnichi, in 1673 - to the boyars. He was the chief judge in the order of the Grand Palace. After the death of Alexei Mikhailovich, through the machinations of the Miloslavskys, all positions were taken away from him; in 1682 he was tonsured under the name of Kipriyan and exiled to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery, where he died. - Lev Kirillovich, son of the previous one, boyar (1668-1705). Going on a trip abroad, Peter I appointed N. the first after Prince Romodanovsky a member of the council to govern the state, and then the head of the Ambassadorial order. - Semyon Grigorievich, son of the boyar Grigory Filimonovich, adjutant general of Peter I. Peter sent him to Germany to study sciences and languages; sent it in 1712 to the Danish king Frederick VI, with a letter about the speedy opening of hostilities against the Swedes; in 1713 - to Vienna, to conclude an alliance with Austria against the Turks; in 1714 - to Augustus II; in 1715 - to England, to congratulate George I on his accession to the throne. In 1718, N. was exiled in the case of Alexei Petrovich and returned under Catherine (1726). Under Elizabeth Petrovna, he was ambassador to London for about five years. Died 1747 - Semyon Kirillovich, General-in-Chief and Chief Jägermeister (1710-1775). Educated abroad; was an extraordinary envoy to England (1740-41), then a marshal under the heir to the throne (1742-56) and, finally, chief jagermeister. N. was considered the first dandy of his time; his beautiful theater was repeatedly visited by Catherine II; the horn music of N.

V. R-in .

(Brockhaus)

Naryshkins

(deputies of the Committee of the New Code, 1767): Alexey (? Vasilyevich); Semyon (? Vasilyevich).

(Polovtsov)

Big biographical encyclopedia. 2009 .

See what the "Naryshkins" are in other dictionaries:

In the OGDR (II, p. 60) it is reported that the Naryshkins left in 1463 to Vel. book. Vasily Vasilievich. By the turn of the XV XVI centuries. The Naryshkins converted to Christianity, but retained their surname. In 1552, Ivan Ivanovich Naryshkin was killed near Kazan (Veselovsky 1974, from ... Russian surnames

A noble family descending, according to legend, from the Crimean Tatar Naryshka, who left for Moscow in 1463. Boris Ivanovich Naryshkin was a governor in the campaign of 1575 and was killed near Sokol. The Naryshkins rose to prominence at the end of the 17th century, thanks to the marriage of Tsar Alexei ... ... Biographical Dictionary

NARYSHKINS, a noble family in Russia in the 16th and early 20th centuries. They rose in connection with the second marriage of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich with Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina (1651 1694). Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin (1664-1705), boyar, in 1690-1702 headed Ambassadorial order… Russian history

Noble family in Russia 16 early. 20th century They rose in connection with the second marriage of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina. (1651-94). Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin (1664 1705), boyar, in 1690 1702 headed the Ambassadorial order ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

This article is about the noble family. For bearers of the surname, see Naryshkin. Naryshkins Description of the coat of arms ... Wikipedia

noble family in Russia XVI early 20th century They rose in connection with the marriage (second marriage) of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina (1651 1694). Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin (1664 1705), boyar, in 1690 1702 headed the Ambassadorial ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

A noble family, originating, according to the legends of ancient genealogists, from the Crimean Tatar Naryshka, who left for Moscow in 1463. Boris Ivanovich N. was a governor in the campaign of 1575 and was killed near Sokol. N. rose at the end of the 17th century, thanks to marriage ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

An ancient noble family. Known since 1463, when the founder of the Naryshko family arrived in Moscow from the Crimea to serve the Grand Duke and was his roundabout. The Naryshkins moved into the political arena in 1671 after the tsar's marriage to Natalia Kirillovna ... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)

Russian noble family, known from the middle of the 16th century. N. moved into the political arena in 1671 after the second marriage of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (See Alexei Mikhailovich), who married Natalya Kirillovna N. (1651 94), the future mother of Peter I. ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

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