Many cultural figures participated in the Great Patriotic War: directors, writers, sculptors, composers. Kultura.RF remembers those whose front-line stories are not so often addressed in the press.

Ernst Unknown

Ernst Unknown. Photo: meduza.io

Ernst Unknown. Photo: regnum.ru

Ernst Unknown. Photo: rtr-vesti.ru

One of the most famous Soviet sculptors Ernst Neizvestny fought as a junior lieutenant on the 4th Ukrainian Front as part of the airborne troops. He participated in many military operations, including the storming of Budapest.

Just a couple of weeks before the end of the war, Unknown was seriously wounded in Austria: “I was wounded very badly, an explosive bullet pierced my chest, knocked out three ribs, three intervertebral discs, tore the pleura. I only found out much later that I was almost Rambo, because I killed twelve fascists. And it was hand-to-hand combat, face to face in the trenches. And, of course, I began to die. While I was being transported, the Germans were bombing with might and main, I also got a blast wave, a shell shock was added. So in the end I was all chained in plaster, completely insane. And at some point I was considered dead and taken to the basement. Once the orderlies, young boys, dragged me. But it’s hard, they awkwardly threw me off - what to reckon with the dead ?! And then something happened to the plaster, it moved, I yelled. I was resuscitated…”

Ernst Neizvestny was awarded the Order of the Red Star and the medal "For Courage".

Evgeny Vuchetich

Fidel Castro and Evgeny Vuchetich, Mamaev Kurgan. Photo: v1.ru

Mamaev kurgan. Photo: mkrf.ru

Evgeny Vuchetich. Photo: stoletie.ru

The author of the legendary monument to the memory of the Great Patriotic War "Motherland" Yevgeny Vuchetich volunteered for the front from the first days of the war. At first he served as an ordinary machine gunner, but a year later he received the rank of captain. "During one of our offensives,- recalled Vuchetich, - a mine fell between me and the young lieutenant running ahead. In several places, its fragments pierced my overcoat. It worked out. And the lieutenant fell. Having caught up with him, I turned around, literally for a moment, but ran further: the offensive continued ... "

In 1942, during the assault on Lyuban, Vuchetich was shell-shocked and spent many months in the hospital. As soon as he began to walk again and was able to restore his speech, he was enrolled as a military artist at the M.B. Grekov. After the war, Yevgeny Vuchetich was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree.

In the work of the sculptor, military experience became decisive. Vuchetich said: “Do you think I don’t want to sculpt a naked woman, admire the beauty of the body? I want to! But I can't, I can't. I have to carry the idea in every thing, to be a soldier".

Mikhail Anikushin

Mikhail Anikushin. Photo: gup.ru

Mikhail Anikushin. Photo: kudago.com

Mikhail Anikushin. Photo: nuz.uz

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, Mikhail Anikushin, the author of the monument to Pushkin on Arts Square in St. Petersburg, fought in the militia. For a long time he participated in the defense of Leningrad, and in his free time from the battle he wrote sketches, sculpted figures of fighters.

One case especially stuck in the memory of Anikushin: “In the winter of forty-two - forty-three, for some urgent front-line business, I ended up in the city. On the square near the Technological Institute I saw a small group of fighters in white camouflage coats. Armed with machine guns, apparently scouts, they were heading to the front line. Suddenly, a girl of about fourteen ran out of the nearest front door - thin, in a woolen scarf hastily thrown over her shoulders - and, shouting something, rushed to one of the soldiers. He stepped towards her, hugged her impulsively, kissed her. The soldiers stopped, waiting. Who was he, a soldier, this girl's father, brother? Don't know. This scene lasted only a few moments. Then the scouts moved on, and the girl disappeared into the front door. I still see the whole picture in an unusually tangible way.”.

On May 9, 1945, the war did not end for Anikushin: he was sent to the Trans-Baikal Front to participate in the war with Japan. After the end of World War II, Mikhail Anikushin was awarded the medals "For Courage", "For the Defense of Leningrad", "For the Capture of Warsaw", "For the Capture of Berlin".

Andrey Eshpay

Andrey Eshpai. Photo: mega-stars.ru

Andrey Eshpai. Photo: 24today.net

Andrey Eshpai. Photo: vmiremusiki.ru

When the war began, the future famous composer Andrey Eshpay was very young. At the age of sixteen, he so much dreamed of getting to the front that he walked 30 kilometers to the flight unit in 30-degree frost to sign up for volunteers. However, then Eshpay was refused, and he got to the war only at the end of 1944, when he graduated from the Orenburg Machine Gun School.

He graduated from Eshpay and courses of military translators, which helped him to find out many fascist firing points during interrogation of prisoners. For this contribution to the future victory, he was awarded the Order of the Red Star. Among the composer's many medals are "For the Capture of Berlin" and "For the Liberation of Warsaw".

Here is how Eshpay recalled the military events years after Victory Day: “I always talk about war with caution. All the heroes in the damp land - the war claimed the best. It's a burning smell. Cinder, cinder, cinder from Moscow to Berlin. In the midst of smoke and fire, the friendship of fighters is a very special feeling, I understood it well there, near Berlin. The very concept of "I" somehow disappears, only "we" remains. I had two beloved friends, the bravest of the bravest - Volodya Nikitsky from Arkhangelsk, Gena Novikov from Tashkent. We were inseparable, helped each other more than once. Both of them went through the whole war and both died in the battles for Berlin, in the last hours of the war. War cannot be spoken of in words. Even if you do not write specifically about the war, it is still present in the work of the artist who was at the front. Anyone who has not been on the battlefield will never know what war is ... "

Here is how he recalled his last war days: “In December 1944, we reached the capital of Hungary. Pest was occupied by the troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, and Buda, standing on the hills, was to be taken by us. Heavy street fighting went on for about three months. I, as the head of the engineering service, had to collect sapper units from different regiments and attack with them ... "

After the end of the war, Ullas was awarded two orders of the Red Star, medals "For the capture of Budapest", "For the capture of Vienna", "For the liberation of Belgrade".

The war demanded from the people the greatest exertion of strength and huge sacrifices on a national scale, revealed the steadfastness and courage of the Soviet man, the ability to sacrifice himself in the name of the freedom and independence of the Motherland. During the war years, heroism became widespread, became the norm for the behavior of Soviet people. Thousands of soldiers and officers immortalized their names during the defense of the Brest Fortress, Odessa, Sevastopol, Kyiv, Leningrad, Novorossiysk, in the battle near Moscow, Stalingrad, Kursk, in the North Caucasus, the Dnieper, in the foothills of the Carpathians, during the storming of Berlin and in other battles.

For heroic deeds in the Great Patriotic War, over 11 thousand people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (some of them posthumously), 104 of them twice, three three times (G.K. Zhukov, I.N. Kozhedub and A.I. Pokryshkin ). During the war years, this title was first awarded to Soviet pilots M.P. Zhukov, S.I. Zdorovtsev and P.T. Kharitonov, who rammed Nazi planes on the outskirts of Leningrad.

In total, over eight thousand heroes were brought up in the ground forces in wartime, including 1800 artillerymen, 1142 tankmen, 650 engineering troops, over 290 signalmen, 93 air defense soldiers, 52 soldiers of the military rear, 44 doctors; in the Air Force - over 2400 people; in the Navy - over 500 people; partisans, underground workers and Soviet intelligence officers - about 400; border guards - over 150 people.

Among the Heroes of the Soviet Union are representatives of most of the nations and nationalities of the USSR

Representatives of the nations	Number of heroes
Russians	8160
Ukrainians	2069
Belarusians	309
Tatars	161
Jews	108
Kazakhs	96
Georgian	90
Armenians	90
Uzbeks	69
Mordovians	61
Chuvash	44
Azerbaijanis	43
Bashkirs	39
Ossetians	32
Tajiks	14
Turkmens	18
Lithokians	15
Latvians	13
Kyrgyz	12
Udmurts	10
Karelians	8
Estonians	8
Kalmyks	8
Kabardians	7
Adyghe	6
Abkhazians	5
Yakuts	3
Moldovans	2
results	11501

Among the military personnel awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, privates, sergeants, foremen - over 35%, officers - about 60%, generals, admirals, marshals - over 380 people. There are 87 women among the Wartime Heroes of the Soviet Union. The first to receive this title was Z. A. Kosmodemyanskaya (posthumously).

About 35% of the Heroes of the Soviet Union at the time of awarding the title were under the age of 30, 28% - from 30 to 40 years old, 9% - over 40 years old.

Four Heroes of the Soviet Union: artilleryman A. V. Aleshin, pilot I. G. Drachenko, commander of a rifle platoon P. Kh. Dubinda, artilleryman N. I. Kuznetsov - were also awarded Orders of Glory of all three degrees for military exploits. More than 2,500 people, including 4 women, became full holders of the Order of Glory of three degrees. During the war, over 38 million orders and medals were awarded to the defenders of the Motherland for courage and heroism. The motherland highly appreciated the labor feat of the Soviet people in the rear. During the war years, the title of Hero of Socialist Labor was awarded to 201 people, about 200 thousand were awarded orders and medals.

Viktor Vasilievich Talalikhin

Born September 18, 1918 in the village. Teplovka, Volsky district, Saratov region. Russian. After graduating from the factory school, he worked at the Moscow meat processing plant, at the same time he studied at the flying club. He graduated from the Borisoglebokoe military aviation school for pilots. He took part in the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. He made 47 sorties, shot down 4 Finnish aircraft, for which he was awarded the Order of the Red Star (1940).

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War since June 1941. Made more than 60 sorties. In the summer and autumn of 1941, he fought near Moscow. For military distinctions he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (1941) and the Order of Lenin.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to Viktor Vasilievich Talalikhin by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 8, 1941 for the first night ramming of an enemy bomber in the history of aviation.

Soon Talalikhin was appointed squadron commander, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant. The glorious pilot participated in many air battles near Moscow, shot down five more enemy aircraft personally and one in a group. He died a heroic death in an unequal battle with Nazi fighters on October 27, 1941.

Buried V.V. Talalikhin with military honors at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow. By order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR dated August 30, 1948, he was forever enrolled in the lists of the first squadron of the fighter aviation regiment, in which he fought the enemy near Moscow.

Streets in Kaliningrad, Volgograd, Borisoglebsk, Voronezh region and other cities, a sea vessel, GPTU No. 100 in Moscow, and a number of schools were named after Talalikhin. An obelisk was erected on the 43rd kilometer of the Varshavskoye Highway, over which an unprecedented night duel took place. A monument was erected in Podolsk, in Moscow - a bust of the Hero.

Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub

(1920-1991), air marshal (1985), Hero of the Soviet Union (1944 - twice; 1945). During the Great Patriotic War in fighter aviation, the squadron commander, deputy regiment commander, conducted 120 air battles; shot down 62 aircraft.

Three times Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub on La-7 shot down 17 enemy aircraft (including the Me-262 jet fighter) out of 62 shot down by him during the war on La fighters. One of the most memorable battles Kozhedub fought on February 19, 1945 (sometimes the date is February 24).

On this day, he flew out on a free hunt paired with Dmitry Titarenko. On the traverse of the Oder, the pilots noticed an aircraft rapidly approaching from the direction of Frankfurt an der Oder. The plane was flying along the riverbed at an altitude of 3500 m at a speed much greater than the La-7 could develop. It was Me-262. Kozhedub instantly made a decision. The Me-262 pilot relied on the speed qualities of his car and did not control the airspace in the rear hemisphere and below. Kozhedub attacked from below on a head-on course, hoping to hit the jet in the belly. However, Titarenko opened fire before Kozhedub. To the considerable surprise of Kozhedub, the premature firing of the wingman was beneficial.

The German turned to the left, towards Kozhedub, the latter had only to catch the Messerschmitt in the sight and press the trigger. Me-262 turned into a fireball. In the cockpit of the Me 262 was non-commissioned officer Kurt-Lange from 1. / KG (J) -54.

On the evening of April 17, 1945, Kozhedub and Titarenko flew their fourth combat sortie to the Berlin area in a day. Immediately after crossing the front line north of Berlin, the hunters discovered a large group of FW-190s with suspended bombs. Kozhedub began to gain altitude for the attack and reported to the command post about establishing contact with a group of forty Focke-Vulvof with suspended bombs. German pilots clearly saw how a pair of Soviet fighters went into the clouds and did not expect that they would appear again. However, the hunters showed up.

Behind from the top, in the first attack, Kozhedub shot down the leader of the four fokkers that closed the group. The hunters sought to give the enemy the impression of the presence of a significant number of Soviet fighters in the air. Kozhedub threw his La-7 right into the thick of the enemy aircraft, turning Lavochkin left and right, the ace fired cannons in short bursts. The Germans succumbed to the trick - the Focke-Wulfs began to free them from bombs that prevented air combat. However, the Luftwaffe pilots soon established the presence of only two La-7s in the air and, taking advantage of the numerical advantage, took the guards into circulation. One FW-190 managed to get into the tail of the Kozhedub fighter, but Titarenko opened fire before the German pilot - the Focke-Wulf exploded in the air.

By this time, help had arrived - the La-7 group from the 176th regiment, Titarenko and Kozhedub were able to get out of the battle on the last remaining fuel. On the way back, Kozhedub saw a single FW-190, which was still trying to drop bombs on Soviet troops. Ace dived and shot down an enemy plane. It was the last, 62nd, German aircraft shot down by the best Allied fighter pilot.

Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub also distinguished himself in the Battle of Kursk.

Kozhedub's total score does not include at least two aircraft - American R-51 Mustang fighters. In one of the battles in April, Kozhedub tried to drive off German fighters from the American Flying Fortress with cannon fire. US Air Force escort fighters misunderstood the intentions of the La-7 pilot and opened barrage fire from a long distance. Kozhedub, apparently, also mistook the Mustangs for Messers, left the fire with a coup and, in turn, attacked the “enemy”.

He damaged one Mustang (the plane, smoking, left the battlefield and, after flying a little, fell, the pilot jumped out with a parachute), the second R-51 exploded in the air. Only after a successful attack did Kozhedub notice the white stars of the US Air Force on the wings and fuselages of the planes he shot down. After landing, the regiment commander, Colonel Chupikov, advised Kozhedub to keep quiet about the incident and gave him the developed film of the photo-machine gun. The existence of a film with footage of burning Mustangs became known only after the death of the legendary pilot. Detailed biography of the hero on the website: www.warheroes.ru "Unknown Heroes"

Alexey Petrovich Maresyev

Maresyev Aleksey Petrovich fighter pilot, deputy squadron commander of the 63rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, Guards Senior Lieutenant.

Born on May 20, 1916 in the city of Kamyshin, Volgograd Region, in a working class family. Russian. At the age of three, he was left without a father, who died shortly after returning from the First World War. After graduating from the 8th grade of secondary school, Alexei entered the FZU, where he received the specialty of a locksmith. Then he applied to the Moscow Aviation Institute, but instead of the institute, he went to build Komsomolsk-on-Amur instead of the institute on a Komsomol ticket. There he sawed wood in the taiga, built barracks, and then the first residential quarters. At the same time he studied at the flying club. He was drafted into the Soviet army in 1937. He served in the 12th Aviation Border Detachment. But, according to Maresyev himself, he did not fly, but "wafted his tails" at the planes. He really took to the air already at the Bataysk Military Aviation Pilot School, which he graduated in 1940. He served as a flight instructor.

He made his first sortie on August 23, 1941 in the Krivoy Rog region. Lieutenant Maresyev opened a combat account at the beginning of 1942 - he shot down a Ju-52. By the end of March 1942, he brought the number of downed Nazi aircraft to four. On April 4, in an air battle over the Demyansky bridgehead (Novgorod region), Maresyev's fighter was shot down. He tried to land on the ice of a frozen lake, but released the landing gear early. The plane began to quickly lose altitude and fell into the forest.

Maresyev crawled to his own. He had frostbite on his feet and had to be amputated. However, the pilot decided not to give up. When he got the prostheses, he trained long and hard and got permission to return to duty. He learned to fly again in the 11th reserve aviation brigade in Ivanovo.

In June 1943, Maresyev returned to service. He fought on the Kursk Bulge as part of the 63rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, was a deputy squadron commander. In August 1943, during one battle, Alexei Maresyev shot down three enemy FW-190 fighters at once.

On August 24, 1943, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Senior Lieutenant Maresyev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Later he fought in the Baltic States, became a regiment navigator. In 1944 he joined the CPSU. In total, he made 86 sorties, shot down 11 enemy aircraft: 4 before being wounded and seven with amputated legs. In June 1944, Major Maresyev of the Guards became an inspector-pilot of the Office of Higher Educational Institutions of the Air Force. The legendary fate of Alexei Petrovich Maresyev is the subject of Boris Polevoy's book "The Tale of a Real Man".

In July 1946, Maresyev was honorably discharged from the Air Force. In 1952 he graduated from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the CPSU, in 1956 - postgraduate studies at the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU, received the title of candidate of historical sciences. In the same year, he became the executive secretary of the Soviet Committee of War Veterans, in 1983 - the first deputy chairman of the committee. In this position, he worked until the last day of his life.

Retired Colonel A.P. Maresyev was awarded two Orders of Lenin, Orders of the October Revolution, Red Banner, Patriotic War 1st degree, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, Orders of Friendship of Peoples, Red Star, Badge of Honor, "For Merit to the Fatherland" 3rd degree, medals, foreign orders. He was an honorary soldier of a military unit, an honorary citizen of the cities of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Kamyshin, Orel. A minor planet in the solar system, a public foundation, and youth patriotic clubs are named after him. He was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Author of the book "On the Kursk Bulge" (M., 1960).

Even during the war, Boris Polevoy's book "The Tale of a Real Man" was published, the prototype of which was Maresyev (the author changed only one letter in his last name). In 1948, director Alexander Stolper shot a film of the same name based on the book at Mosfilm. Maresyev was even offered to play the main role himself, but he refused and this role was played by a professional actor Pavel Kadochnikov.

He died suddenly on May 18, 2001. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery. On May 18, 2001, a gala evening was scheduled at the Theater of the Russian Army on the occasion of Maresyev's 85th birthday, but an hour before the start, Alexei Petrovich had a heart attack. He was taken to the intensive care unit of a Moscow clinic, where he died without regaining consciousness. The gala evening nevertheless took place, but it began with a moment of silence.

Krasnoperov Sergey Leonidovich

Krasnoperov Sergey Leonidovich was born on July 23, 1923 in the village of Pokrovka, Chernushinsky district. In May 1941, he volunteered for the Soviet Army. For a year he studied at the Balashov Aviation School of Pilots. In November 1942, attack pilot Sergei Krasnoperov arrived in the 765th assault aviation regiment, and in January 1943 he was appointed deputy squadron commander of the 502nd assault aviation regiment of the 214th assault air division of the North Caucasian Front. In this regiment in June 1943 he joined the ranks of the party. For military distinctions he was awarded the Orders of the Red Banner, the Red Star, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on February 4, 1944. Killed in action June 24, 1944. "March 14, 1943. Attack pilot Sergei Krasnoperov makes two sorties one after another to attack the port of Temrkzh. Leading six" silts ", he set fire to a boat at the pier of the port. In the second flight, an enemy shell hit the engine. A bright flame for a moment, like it seemed to Krasnoperov, the sun eclipsed and immediately disappeared in thick black smoke. Krasnoperov turned off the ignition, turned off the gas and tried to fly the plane to the front line. However, after a few minutes it became clear that it would not be possible to save the plane. And under the wing - a solid swamp. There is only one way out As soon as the burning car touched the marsh bumps with its fuselage, the pilot barely had time to jump out of it and run a little to the side, an explosion rumbled.

A few days later, Krasnoperov was back in the air, and in the combat log of the flight commander of the 502nd assault aviation regiment, junior lieutenant Krasnoperov Sergey Leonidovich, a brief entry appeared: "03/23/43". With two sorties, he destroyed a convoy in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bst. Crimean. Destroyed vehicles - 1, created fires - 2 ". On April 4, Krasnoperov stormed manpower and firepower in the region of a height of 204.3 meters. On the next flight, he stormed artillery and firing points in the area of ​​Krymskaya station. At the same time, he destroyed two tanks, one gun and mortar.

One day, a junior lieutenant received a task for a free flight in pairs. He was leading. Covertly, on a low-level flight, a pair of "silts" penetrated deep into the rear of the enemy. They noticed cars on the road - they attacked them. They discovered a concentration of troops - and suddenly brought down destructive fire on the heads of the Nazis. The Germans unloaded ammunition and weapons from a self-propelled barge. Combat entry - the barge flew into the air. The regiment commander, Lieutenant Colonel Smirnov, wrote about Sergei Krasnoperov: “Such heroic deeds of Comrade Krasnoperov are repeated in every sortie. The pilots of his flight became masters of the assault business. created for himself military glory, enjoys well-deserved military authority among the personnel of the regiment. And indeed. Sergei was only 19 years old, and for his exploits he had already been awarded the Order of the Red Star. He was only 20 years old, and his chest was adorned with the Golden Star of a Hero.

Seventy-four sorties were made by Sergei Krasnoperov during the days of fighting on the Taman Peninsula. As one of the best, he was entrusted 20 times to lead a group of "silts" to attack, and he always carried out a combat mission. He personally destroyed 6 tanks, 70 vehicles, 35 wagons with cargo, 10 guns, 3 mortars, 5 points of anti-aircraft artillery, 7 machine guns, 3 tractors, 5 bunkers, an ammunition depot, a boat, a self-propelled barge were sunk, two crossings across the Kuban were destroyed.

Matrosov Alexander Matveevich

Matrosov Alexander Matveyevich - rifleman of the 2nd battalion of the 91st separate rifle brigade (22nd Army, Kalinin Front), private. Born February 5, 1924 in the city of Yekaterinoslav (now Dnepropetrovsk). Russian. Member of the Komsomol. He lost his parents early. 5 years was brought up in the Ivanovo orphanage (Ulyanovsk region). Then he was brought up in the Ufa children's labor colony. At the end of the 7th grade, he remained to work in the colony as an assistant teacher. In the Red Army since September 1942. In October 1942 he entered the Krasnokholmsk Infantry School, but soon most of the cadets were sent to the Kalinin Front.

In the army since November 1942. He served in the 2nd Battalion of the 91st Separate Rifle Brigade. For some time the brigade was in reserve. Then she was transferred near Pskov to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe Big Lomovaty Bor. Right from the march, the brigade entered the battle.

On February 27, 1943, the 2nd battalion received the task of attacking a stronghold near the village of Chernushki (Loknyansky district, Pskov region). As soon as our soldiers passed through the forest and reached the edge of the forest, they came under heavy enemy machine gun fire - three enemy machine guns in bunkers covered the approaches to the village. One machine gun was suppressed by an assault group of machine gunners and armor-piercers. The second bunker was destroyed by another group of armor-piercers. But the machine gun from the third bunker continued to shell the entire hollow in front of the village. Efforts to silence him were unsuccessful. Then, in the direction of the bunker, Private A.M. Matrosov crawled. He approached the embrasure from the flank and threw two grenades. The machine gun fell silent. But as soon as the fighters went on the attack, the machine gun came to life again. Then Matrosov got up, rushed to the bunker and closed the embrasure with his body. At the cost of his life, he contributed to the combat mission of the unit.

A few days later, the name of Matrosov became known throughout the country. The feat of Matrosov was used by a journalist who happened to be with the unit for a patriotic article. At the same time, the regiment commander learned about the feat from the newspapers. Moreover, the date of the death of the hero was moved to February 23, coinciding the feat with the day of the Soviet Army. Despite the fact that Matrosov was not the first to perform such an act of self-sacrifice, it was his name that was used to glorify the heroism of Soviet soldiers. Subsequently, over 300 people performed the same feat, but this was no longer widely reported. His feat has become a symbol of courage and military prowess, fearlessness and love for the Motherland.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union Alexander Matveyevich Matrosov was posthumously awarded on June 19, 1943. He was buried in the city of Velikiye Luki. On September 8, 1943, by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR, the name of Matrosov was assigned to the 254th Guards Rifle Regiment, he himself was forever enrolled (one of the first in the Soviet Army) in the lists of the 1st company of this unit. Monuments to the Hero were erected in Ufa, Velikiye Luki, Ulyanovsk, etc. The Museum of Komsomol Glory in the city of Velikiye Luki, streets, schools, pioneer squads, motor ships, collective farms and state farms bore his name.

Ivan Vasilievich Panfilov

In the battles near Volokolamsk, the 316th Infantry Division of General I.V. Panfilov. Reflecting continuous enemy attacks for 6 days, they knocked out 80 tanks and destroyed several hundred soldiers and officers. Enemy attempts to capture the Volokolamsk region and open the way to Moscow from the west failed. For heroic actions, this formation was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and transformed into the 8th Guards, and its commander, General I.V. Panfilov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. He was not lucky enough to witness the complete defeat of the enemy near Moscow: on November 18, near the village of Gusenevo, he died a heroic death.

Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov, Major General of the Guards, commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Division of the Red Banner (former 316th) Division, was born on January 1, 1893 in the city of Petrovsk, Saratov Region. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1920. From the age of 12 he worked for hire, in 1915 he was drafted into the tsarist army. In the same year he was sent to the Russian-German front. Voluntarily joined the Red Army in 1918. He was enrolled in the 1st Saratov Infantry Regiment of the 25th Chapaev Division. Participated in the civil war, fought against Dutov, Kolchak, Denikin and the White Poles. After the war, he graduated from the two-year Kyiv United Infantry School and was assigned to the Central Asian Military District. He took part in the fight against the Basmachi.

The Great Patriotic War found Major General Panfilov at the post of military commissar of the Kyrgyz Republic. Having formed the 316th rifle division, he went with it to the front and in October - November 1941 fought near Moscow. For military distinctions he was awarded two Orders of the Red Banner (1921, 1929) and the medal "XX Years of the Red Army".

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov was awarded posthumously on April 12, 1942 for his skillful leadership of division units in the battles on the outskirts of Moscow and his personal courage and heroism.

In the first half of October 1941, the 316th Division arrived in the 16th Army and took up defensive positions on a wide front on the outskirts of Volokolamsk. General Panfilov was the first to widely use the system of in-depth artillery anti-tank defense, created and skillfully used mobile barrier detachments in battle. Thanks to this, the stamina of our troops increased significantly, and all attempts by the 5th German Army Corps to break through the defenses were unsuccessful. Within seven days, the division, together with the cadet regiment S.I. Mladentseva and dedicated units of anti-tank artillery successfully repelled enemy attacks.

Attaching great importance to the capture of Volokolamsk, the Nazi command sent another motorized corps into the area. Only under pressure from superior enemy forces, parts of the division were forced to leave Volokolamsk at the end of October and take up defenses east of the city.

On November 16, fascist troops launched a second "general" offensive against Moscow. A fierce battle broke out near Volokolamsk again. On this day, at the Dubosekovo junction, 28 Panfilov soldiers under the command of political instructor V.G. Klochkov repelled the attack of enemy tanks, and held the occupied line. The enemy tanks also failed to break through in the direction of the villages of Mykanino and Strokovo. The division of General Panfilov firmly held its positions, its soldiers fought to the death.

For the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command, the mass heroism of the personnel, the 316th division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner on November 17, 1941, and the next day it was transformed into the 8th Guards Rifle Division.

Nikolai Frantsevich Gastello

Nikolai Frantsevich was born on May 6, 1908 in Moscow, in a working-class family. Graduated from 5 classes. He worked as a mechanic at the Murom Locomotive Plant of Construction Machines. In the Soviet Army in May 1932. In 1933 he graduated from the Lugansk military pilot school in bomber units. In 1939 he participated in the battles on the river. Khalkhin - Gol and the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. In the army since June 1941, the squadron commander of the 207th long-range bomber aviation regiment (42nd bomber aviation division, 3rd bomber aviation corps DBA), captain Gastello, on June 26, 1941, carried out another flight on a mission. His bomber was hit and caught fire. He directed the burning aircraft at a concentration of enemy troops. From the explosion of the bomber, the enemy suffered heavy losses. For the accomplished feat on July 26, 1941, he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Gastello's name is forever listed in the lists of military units. On the site of the feat on the Minsk-Vilnius highway, a memorial monument was erected in Moscow.

Zoya Anatolyevna Kosmodemyanskaya ("Tanya")

Zoya Anatolyevna ["Tanya" (09/13/1923 - 11/29/1941)] - Soviet partisan, Hero of the Soviet Union was born in Osino-Gai, Gavrilovsky district, Tambov region, in the family of an employee. In 1930 the family moved to Moscow. She graduated from 9 classes of school number 201. In October 1941, the Komsomol member Kosmodemyanskaya voluntarily joined a special partisan detachment, acting on instructions from the headquarters of the Western Front in the Mozhaisk direction.

Twice sent to the rear of the enemy. At the end of November 1941, while performing the second combat mission in the area of ​​​​the village of Petrishchevo (Russian district of the Moscow region), she was captured by the Nazis. Despite severe torture, she did not give out military secrets, did not give her name.

On November 29, she was hanged by the Nazis. Her devotion to the Motherland, courage and selflessness have become an inspiring example in the fight against the enemy. On February 6, 1942, he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Manshuk Zhiengalievna Mametova

Manshuk Mametova was born in 1922 in the Urdinsky district of the West Kazakhstan region. Manshuk's parents died early, and the five-year-old girl was adopted by her aunt Amina Mametova. Childhood Manshuk passed in Almaty.

When the Great Patriotic War began, Manshuk studied at the medical institute and at the same time worked in the secretariat of the Council of People's Commissars of the republic. In August 1942, she voluntarily joined the Red Army and went to the front. In the unit where Manshuk arrived, she was left as a clerk at the headquarters. But the young patriot decided to become a front line fighter, and a month later Senior Sergeant Mametova was transferred to the rifle battalion of the 21st Guards Rifle Division.

Short, but bright, like a flashing star, was her life. Manshuk died in the battle for the honor and freedom of her native country, when she was in her twenty-first year and had just joined the party. The short battle path of the glorious daughter of the Kazakh people ended with an immortal feat accomplished by her near the walls of the ancient Russian city of Nevel.

On October 16, 1943, the battalion in which Manshuk Mametova served was ordered to repulse the enemy's counterattack. As soon as the Nazis tried to repulse the attack, the machine gun of Senior Sergeant Mametova started working. The Nazis rolled back, leaving hundreds of corpses. Several violent attacks of the Nazis have already choked at the foot of the hill. Suddenly, the girl noticed that two neighboring machine guns fell silent - the machine gunners were killed. Then Manshuk, quickly crawling from one firing point to another, began to fire at the pressing enemies from three machine guns.

The enemy transferred mortar fire to the positions of the resourceful girl. A close explosion of a heavy mine overturned a machine gun, behind which lay Manshuk. Wounded in the head, the machine gunner lost consciousness for a while, but the triumphant cries of the approaching Nazis forced her to wake up. Instantly moving to a nearby machine gun, Manshuk lashed the chains of fascist warriors with a lead shower. And again the enemy attack choked. This ensured the successful advance of our units, but the girl from distant Urda remained lying on the hillside. Her fingers froze on the Maxim trigger.

On March 1, 1944, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Senior Sergeant Manshuk Zhiengaliyevna Mametova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Aliya Moldagulova

Aliya Moldagulova was born on April 20, 1924 in the village of Bulak, Khobdinsky district, Aktobe region. After the death of her parents, she was brought up by her uncle Aubakir Moldagulov. With his family, she moved from city to city. She studied at the 9th secondary school in Leningrad. In the fall of 1942, Aliya Moldagulova joined the army and was sent to a sniper school. In May 1943, Aliya submitted a report to the school command with a request to send her to the front. Aliya ended up in the 3rd company of the 4th battalion of the 54th rifle brigade under the command of Major Moiseev.

By the beginning of October, Aliya Moldagulova had 32 dead fascists on her account.

In December 1943, Moiseev's battalion was ordered to drive the enemy out of the village of Kazachikha. By capturing this settlement, the Soviet command hoped to cut the railway line along which the Nazis were transferring reinforcements. The Nazis fiercely resisted, skillfully using the benefits of the area. The slightest advance of our companies came at a heavy price, and yet slowly but steadily our fighters approached the enemy's fortifications. Suddenly, a lone figure appeared ahead of the advancing chains.

Suddenly, a lone figure appeared ahead of the advancing chains. The Nazis noticed the brave warrior and opened fire from machine guns. Catching the moment when the fire weakened, the fighter rose to his full height and dragged the entire battalion with him.

After a fierce battle, our fighters took possession of the height. The daredevil lingered in the trench for some time. There were traces of pain on his pale face, and strands of black hair broke out from under his cap with earflaps. It was Aliya Moldagulova. She destroyed 10 fascists in this battle. The wound was light, and the girl remained in the ranks.

In an effort to restore the situation, the enemy rushed into counterattacks. On January 14, 1944, a group of enemy soldiers managed to break into our trenches. A hand-to-hand fight ensued. Aliya mowed down the Nazis with well-aimed bursts of the machine gun. Suddenly, she instinctively felt danger behind her back. She turned sharply, but it was too late: the German officer fired first. Gathering the last of her strength, Aliya threw up her machine gun and the Nazi officer fell to the frozen ground...

The wounded Aliya was carried out by her comrades from the battlefield. The fighters wanted to believe in a miracle, and they offered blood to save the girl. But the wound was fatal.

On June 4, 1944, Corporal Aliya Moldagulova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Sevastyanov Alexey Tikhonovich

Sevastyanov Aleksey Tikhonovich, flight commander of the 26th Fighter Aviation Regiment (7th Fighter Aviation Corps, Leningrad Air Defense Zone), junior lieutenant. Born on February 16, 1917 in the village of Kholm, now the Likhoslavl district of the Tver (Kalinin) region. Russian. Graduated from the Kalinin Carriage Building College. In the Red Army since 1936. In 1939 he graduated from the Kachin Military Aviation School.

Member of the Great Patriotic War since June 1941. In total, during the war years, junior lieutenant Sevastyanov A.T. made more than 100 sorties, shot down 2 enemy aircraft personally (one of them by ramming), 2 - in a group and an observation balloon.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union Alexei Tikhonovich Sevastyanov was awarded posthumously on June 6, 1942.

On November 4, 1941, junior lieutenant Sevastyanov on an Il-153 aircraft patrolled on the outskirts of Leningrad. At about 22.00, an enemy air raid on the city began. Despite the fire of anti-aircraft artillery, one He-111 bomber managed to break through to Leningrad. Sevastyanov attacked the enemy, but missed. He went on the attack a second time and opened fire at close range, but again missed. Sevastyanov attacked for the third time. Coming close, he pressed the trigger, but there were no shots - the cartridges ran out. In order not to miss the enemy, he decided to go for a ram. Approaching behind the "Heinkel", he chopped off his tail with a screw. Then he left the damaged fighter and landed by parachute. The bomber crashed in the Tauride Garden area. The crew members who jumped out on parachutes were taken prisoner. The fallen Sevastyanov fighter was found in Baskov lane and restored by specialists of the 1st Rembaza.

April 23, 1942 Sevastyanov A.T. died in an unequal air battle, defending the "Road of Life" across Ladoga (shot down 2.5 km from the village of Rakhya, Vsevolozhsk district; a monument was erected in this place). He was buried in Leningrad at the Chesme cemetery. Forever enrolled in the lists of the military unit. A street in St. Petersburg, the House of Culture in the village of Pervitino, Likhoslavl District, are named after him. The documentary "Heroes Don't Die" is dedicated to his feat.

Matveev Vladimir Ivanovich

Matveev Vladimir Ivanovich Squadron commander of the 154th Fighter Aviation Regiment (39th Fighter Aviation Division, Northern Front) - captain. Born October 27, 1911 in St. Petersburg in a working class family. Russian Member of the CPSU(b) since 1938. Graduated from 5 classes. He worked as a mechanic at the factory "Red October". In the Red Army since 1930. In 1931 he graduated from the Leningrad military-theoretical school of pilots, in 1933 - Borisoglebsk military aviation school of pilots. Member of the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War at the front. Captain Matveev V.I. On July 8, 1941, when repelling an enemy air raid on Leningrad, having used up all the ammunition, he used a ram: he cut off the tail of a Nazi aircraft with the end of the plane of his MiG-3. An enemy plane crashed near the village of Malyutino. He successfully landed at his airport. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to Vladimir Ivanovich Matveev on July 22, 1941.

Killed in air combat January 1, 1942, covering the "Road of Life" on Ladoga. Buried in Leningrad.

Polyakov Sergey Nikolaevich

Sergei Polyakov was born in 1908 in Moscow into a working-class family. He graduated from 7 classes of incomplete secondary school. Since 1930 in the Red Army, he graduated from the military aviation school. Member of the Spanish Civil War 1936-1939. In air battles, he shot down 5 Franco aircraft. Member of the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War from the first day. The commander of the 174th Assault Aviation Regiment, Major S.N. Polyakov, made 42 sorties, inflicting precise strikes on airfields, equipment and manpower of the enemy, while destroying 42 and damaging 35 aircraft.

On December 23, 1941, he died while performing the next combat mission. On February 10, 1943, for courage and courage shown in battles with enemies, Sergey Nikolaevich Polyakov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously). For the period of service he was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner (twice), the Red Star, and medals. He was buried in the village of Agalatovo, Vsevolozhsk district, Leningrad region.

Muravitsky Luka Zakharovich

Luka Muravitsky was born on December 31, 1916 in the village of Dolgoe, now the Soligorsk district of the Minsk region, into a peasant family. He graduated from 6 classes and school FZU. Worked on the subway in Moscow. Graduated from the Aeroclub. In the Soviet Army since 1937. He graduated from the Borisoglebsk military school for pilots in 1939. B.ZYu

Member of the Great Patriotic War since July 1941. Junior Lieutenant Muravitsky began his combat activity as part of the 29th IAP of the Moscow Military District. This regiment met the war on outdated I-153 fighters. Sufficiently maneuverable, they were inferior to enemy aircraft in speed and firepower. Analyzing the first air battles, the pilots came to the conclusion that they needed to abandon the pattern of straight-line attacks, and fight on turns, in dives, on a "hill" when their "Seagull" gained additional speed. At the same time, it was decided to switch to flights in twos, abandoning the link of three aircraft established by the official position.

The very first flights of "twos" showed their clear advantage. So, at the end of July, Alexander Popov, paired with Luka Muravitsky, returning after escorting the bombers, met with six Messers. Our pilots were the first to attack and shot down the leader of the enemy group. Stunned by the sudden blow, the Nazis hurried to get out.

On each of his planes, Luka Muravitsky painted the inscription “For Anya” on the fuselage with white paint. The pilots at first laughed at him, and the authorities ordered the inscription to be erased. But before each new flight, on the fuselage of the aircraft on the starboard side again appeared - "For Anya" ... No one knew who this Anya was, whom Luka remembers even going into battle ...

Once, before a sortie, the regiment commander ordered Muravitsky to immediately erase the inscription and more so that it would not happen again! Then Luka told the commander that this was his beloved girl, who worked with him at the Metrostroy, studied at the flying club, that she loved him, they were going to get married, but ... She crashed jumping from an airplane. The parachute did not open... Even if she did not die in battle, Luka continued, but she was preparing to become an air fighter, to defend her Motherland. The commander relented.

Participating in the defense of Moscow, the commander of the 29th IAP, Luka Muravitsky, achieved brilliant results. He was distinguished not only by sober calculation and courage, but also by his willingness to do anything to defeat the enemy. So on September 3, 1941, acting on the Western Front, he rammed an enemy He-111 reconnaissance aircraft and made a safe landing on the damaged aircraft. At the beginning of the war, we had few planes, and that day Muravitsky had to fly alone - to cover the railway station, where an echelon with ammunition was being unloaded. Fighters, as a rule, flew in pairs, but here - one ...

At first everything went smoothly. The lieutenant vigilantly watched the air around the station, but as you can see, if there are multi-layered clouds overhead, rain. When Muravitsky was making a U-turn over the outskirts of the station, he saw a German reconnaissance aircraft in the gap between the tiers of clouds. Luka sharply increased the engine speed and rushed across the Heinkel-111. The Lieutenant's attack was unexpected, the "Heinkel" had not yet had time to open fire, as a machine-gun burst pierced the enemy, and he, descending steeply, began to flee. Muravitsky caught up with the Heinkel, opened fire on it again, and suddenly the machine gun fell silent. The pilot reloaded, but apparently ran out of ammunition. And then Muravitsky decided to ram the enemy.

He increased the speed of the plane - "Heinkel" is getting closer and closer. The Nazis are already visible in the cockpit ... Without reducing speed, Muravitsky approaches almost close to the Nazi aircraft and hits the tail with a propeller. The jerk and propeller of the fighter cut through the metal of the tail unit of the Non-111 ... The enemy plane crashed into the ground behind the railroad tracks in a wasteland. Luca also hit his head hard on the dashboard, aim and lost consciousness. I woke up - the plane falls to the ground in a tailspin. Gathering all his strength, the pilot with difficulty stopped the rotation of the machine and brought it out of a steep dive. He could not fly further and had to land the car at the station...

Having healed, Muravitsky returned to his regiment. And again fights. The flight commander flew into battle several times a day. He was eager to fight and again, as before the injury, the fuselage of his fighter was carefully displayed: "For Anya." By the end of September, the brave pilot already had about 40 air victories, won personally and as part of a group.

Soon one of the squadrons of the 29th IAP, which included Luka Muravitsky, was transferred to the Leningrad Front to reinforce the 127th IAP. The main task of this regiment was to escort transport aircraft along the Ladoga highway, cover their landing, loading and unloading. Acting as part of the 127th IAP, Senior Lieutenant Muravitsky shot down 3 more enemy aircraft. On October 22, 1941, Muravitsky was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command, for the courage and bravery shown in battle. By this time, 14 enemy aircraft were already downed on his personal account.

On November 30, 1941, the commander of the 127th IAP, Senior Lieutenant Maravitsky, died in an unequal air battle, defending Leningrad ... The total result of his combat activities, in various sources, is estimated differently. The most common figure is 47 (10 victories won personally and 37 as part of a group), less often - 49 (12 personally and 37 in a group). However, all these figures do not fit in with the figure of personal victories - 14, given above. Moreover, in one of the publications it is generally stated that Luka Muravitsky won his last victory in May 1945, over Berlin. Unfortunately, exact data is not yet available.

Luka Zakharovich Muravitsky was buried in the village of Kapitolovo, Vsevolozhsky District, Leningrad Region. A street in the village of Dolgoye is named after him.

Veteran of the Great Patriotic War Karpunina Ksenia Pavlovna

Commissar of the 2nd Squadron of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 325th Night Bomber Aviation Division of the 4th Air Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front, Guard captain. In the Red Army since 1941. In the army since May 1942. As part of the regiment, she participated in the battle for the Caucasus, the liberation of the Kuban, Crimea. In 1943, due to the liquidation of the post of commissar, she left the regiment.

Veterans of the Great Patriotic War Antonov P.V. and Parshutkin V.T.

Antonov Pavel was born into a peasant family in the village. Starkovo, Moscow province, Bronnitsky district, Zagornovskaya volost, January 13, 1902.

Parshutkin Vasily Trofimovich was born on January 11, 1919. in the village of Krasny - Shadym, Mordovian ASSR.

Zapevalov Alexander Ivanovich

Alexander Ivanovich Zapevalov was born in 1897 in the village of Voskresenskoye, Cherepovets district, Vologda region. Member of the CPSU.

On the eve of the Great Patriotic War, he worked in the People's Commissariat of Finance of the RSFSR. During the war he was at the front. Later, behind enemy lines, he was the commander of a sabotage group, the secretary of the party organization of the detachment, and later of the Budyonny brigade.

He was awarded the Order of the Red Star and nine medals.

Participants of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 -

Heroes of the Soviet Union, residents of the Northern Medvedkovo district

The hero of the USSR

BORISKIN Pyotr Nikitovich

Boriskin Pyotr Nikitovich was born on July 20, 1921 in the village of Asanovo, Korablinsky district, Ryazan region, into a peasant family. In 1939 he graduated from the 7th grade of the Nikitinsky incomplete secondary school and went to Moscow to live with his older sister. He got a job as a milling machine operator at the plant number 8 named after. Kalinin in the city of Kaliningrad, Moscow Region. On October 10, 1940, the Mytishchi RVC was drafted into the Red Army. He served in the Volga Military District in the 3rd Panzer Division, in reconnaissance. battalion as a signalman-motorcyclist.

From October 1941 to December 15, 1942 Boriskin P.N. on the Volkhov front, where the command of the unit noticed a brave motorcyclist and sent him to study at the Kazan Tank School, from which he graduated in 1943. Having received the rank of junior lieutenant, he becomes a tank commander. He fights in the 87th separate tank regiment, which soon became the Red Banner Zhytomyr, which was part of the 15th Guards Mechanized Division, 1st Ukrainian Front.

Junior Lieutenant Boriskin P.N. with the crew of his tank took part in many military operations. He especially distinguished himself in battle, when in the direction of Art. Saw his tank as part of a platoon was in the Zimforst area. On the night of January 27-28, 1945, the enemy launched a counterattack with superior forces, as a result of which he cut off 4 tanks of the mechanized corps and the 21st Guards Cavalry Regiment from the rest of the division. The situation in this area has become serious. Then Junior Lieutenant Boriskin withdrew his tank from the ambush and, as part of a platoon, at night and in difficult terrain, went on the offensive against the enemy grouping. Only thanks to the bold and decisive actions of the tankers, the position of the 21st Guards Cavalry Regiment was restored, the enemy was thrown back to the previously occupied line of defense with heavy losses for him. In this fight Boriskin P.N. destroyed 2 tanks, 1 cannon and dispersed up to a company of enemy infantry.

In the battles for mastering the bridgehead on the western bank of the Oder River on January 31, 1945, Junior Lieutenant Boriskin received an order to support the fighting of the 27th Guards Cavalry Regiment on the western bank of the Oder River along the Oderbrück-Leng road with fire and tank maneuver. 4 enemy self-propelled guns attacked his tank. The brave officer entered into single combat with them, and, despite the fact that the preponderance of forces was one to four, Boriskin P.N. came out victorious, destroyed two self-propelled guns of the enemy along with the crews. The rest turned back.

With his bold and decisive actions, Junior Lieutenant Boriskin ensured the safe entry of the division's units to the crossing. An enemy shell knocked out and set fire to his tank. The crew was completely disabled, the driver was killed, the radiotelegraph operator was seriously wounded. Junior Lieutenant Boriskin, being wounded, did not leave the tank and crew, but remained in the tank until the unit commander ordered me to go to the hospital. Burning with hatred for the enemy, Boriskin P.N. did not go to the hospital, but sat on another tank and again rushed into battle, where he destroyed 1 tank, 2 armored personnel carriers with fire from a tank gun, suppressed the fire of one mortar battery and destroyed up to a company of enemy infantry.

For exemplary performance of combat missions of command in the battles for capturing and holding a foothold on the western bank of the Oder River, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 27, 1945, Junior Lieutenant Boriskin Petr Nikitovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

After the war, in 1947, Lieutenant Boriskin P.N. graduated from advanced training courses for officers at the Ulyanovsk Tank School and continued to serve in the Soviet Army. In 1953, with the rank of captain, he retired to the reserve, and until his retirement he lived and worked in the Moscow region, in the village of Lokomotivny, Solnechnogorsk district. After retirement, Boriskin P.N. moved to Moscow and lived in Severny Medvedkovo on Polyarnaya Street. On April 8, 1990, he died and was buried at the Transfiguration Cemetery.

For service to the Motherland, Hero of the Soviet Union Boriskin Pyotr Nikitovich was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the medals "For Military Merit", "For the Defense of Leningrad", "For the Victory over Germany" and many others. His surname is carved in the list of Heroes of the Soviet Union in the Hall of Fame on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow.

The hero of the USSR

EFIMOV Ivan Nikolaevich

Retired lieutenant colonel Efimov Ivan Nikolaevich was born on October 23, 1918 in the village of Novotroitskoye, Ternovsky district, Voronezh region, into a peasant family. After graduating from the 7th grade in 1936, he left for Moscow. He worked at a car depot and at the same time worked at the flying club, which he dreamed of from early childhood. In 1940 he was drafted into the Red Army and sent to the school of junior aviation specialists. In 1943 he graduated from the Ulyanovsk military aviation pilot school. Since February 1944 Efimov I.N. in the army, he flies on the Ilah, first as an ordinary attack pilot, then as an air unit commander of the 565th assault aviation regiment, 224th assault aviation division, 8th assault aviation corps, 8th air army, 4th Ukrainian front. In March 1944, the 224th Assault Aviation Division moved from the Moscow region to Ukraine.

In 1944 he participated in the battles for the liberation of Western Ukraine, including the cities of Starokonstantinov, Chernivtsi, Stanislav (Ivano-Frankivsk), Drohobych, Lviv, in the battles for the liberation of the Carpathians. On March 19, 1944, as part of a group of 8 aircraft, Efimov I.N. . flew to attack the troops and military equipment of the enemy. Going on the attack, he brought down on the enemy the full power of the fire of his aircraft. From machine guns and cannons, he fired at the Nazis, who sat in the trenches and trenches, and with rockets and bombs he hit enemy artillery and mortar batteries.

In July 1944, having broken through the enemy's defenses, our troops rapidly moved forward. Already on the outskirts of Lvov, the command became aware that the enemy was preparing a counterattack. To the southeast of the city, the Nazis concentrated a large number of tanks and assault guns. And again Efimov I.N. on a combat course. Despite heavy anti-aircraft fire from the enemy, his group destroyed 5 enemy tanks on this sortie. Combat sorties for Efimov I.N. have become commonplace. It was especially difficult in the Carpathians. Flying between the mountains, he sought out and inflicted crushing blows on the accumulation of enemy troops in narrow gorges and passes. In 1945 Efimov I.N. participated in the liberation of Poland, in the battles over the Oder and in Czechoslovakia.

In February 1945, Efimov I.N., the leader of the eight attack aircraft, flew to attack the Zebrzydowice station in Polish Silesia. When approaching it, he noticed an enemy fortified area. The enemy met the Soviet planes with strong barrage fire. "Ilys" stood in battle formation and suppressed anti-aircraft batteries, others, at the command of the leader, attacked the armored train, fired at it with rockets, and then struck with anti-tank aerial bombs. The task was completed - the armored train was destroyed.

On another occasion, Yefimov was given the task of reconnoitring an enemy crossing across the Oder River. Pilots Efimov and Fufachev could not detect any signs of it. And when they were reconnoitering approaches to the river, trying to find at least access roads behind enemy lines, enemy anti-aircraft gunners opened heavy barrage fire. The follower fired a volley of rockets at the firing position of the fascist anti-aircraft gunners, located on the very bank of the river. At the same time, Efimov dropped several bombs. One of them fell into the water near the shore. After the explosion, fragments of logs and planks floated down the river. The crossing, hidden under water at a depth of 15 - 25 centimeters, was discovered and attacked by Soviet attack aircraft. The bombs were right on target.

By April 1945, the flight commander of the 565th assault aviation regiment, senior lieutenant Efimov I.N. made 142 sorties for reconnaissance and attack of railway echelons, armored trains, crossings, concentrations of enemy troops.

For the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command on the front of the struggle against the Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 29, 1945, Senior Lieutenant Efimov Ivan Nikolaevich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal ".

In total, during the war years, Efimov made 183 sorties to attack enemy military facilities. Deputy squadron commander senior lieutenant Efimov made his last sortie on May 8, 1945. It was near the city of Olomouc in Czechoslovakia.

June 24, 1945 Hero of the Soviet Union Efimov Ivan Nikolaevich participated in the Victory Parade on Red Square in Moscow.

At the end of the Great Patriotic War, Ivan Nikolaevich Efimov served in the Air Force for more than ten years, conscientiously fulfilling his military duty. A front-line soldier trained young pilots, generously passed on his rich combat experience to them. Died March 10, 2010.

Ivan Nikolayevich was awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, two Orders of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, two Orders of the Red Star, the medal "For the Victory over Germany" and the 18th other medals. His name is carved on the list of Heroes of the Soviet Union in the Hall of Fame on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow.

Efimov Ivan Nikolaevich lived next to us in Zaryov Passage.

From the memoirs of participants in the Great Patriotic War, residents of the Severnoye Medvedkovo district

Veteran of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.

Alekseev Ivan Sergeevich

I, Ivan Sergeevich Alekseev, was born on January 14, 1927, in the village of Oskolishche, Volokonovsky District, Kursk (now Belgorod) Region, into a peasant family. I don't remember my parents. When I was five years old, there was a terrible famine in the country, there was nothing to eat, and my parents, saving me from starvation, threw me into an orphanage, and disappeared. I never saw them again, and later I learned that they had died. He was brought up and grew up in an orphanage. In 1941, with the approach of the Nazis to our area, our orphanage was evacuated to Uzbekistan, to the city of Namangan.

There I continued to study at a regular school, but, given my inclination and passion for music, I was transferred as a pupil to the 2nd Moscow School of Military Musicians, which was also located in Namangan. The school was headed by Colonel Zlobin. This school opened all the parades on Red Square before the war. In 1944, the head of the military orchestra service of the Red Army, General Chernetsky, came to the school to check and readiness to return the school to Moscow. In the same year, the school of military musicians returned to Moscow, including me.

Soon I was drafted into the army and sent to serve in the military band at the Higher School of Bandmasters of the Red Army. With this orchestra, as part of the combined orchestra, I took part in the Victory Parade in Moscow on Red Square on June 24, 1945.

In 1945, I entered this higher school, graduated in 1949 and was sent as a conductor to a separate Moscow special-purpose division of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. He served in various positions until 1987. He retired with the rank of colonel from the post of head of the military orchestra service of the special purpose division.

For service to the Motherland I have awards: the medal "For the Victory over Germany" and other commemorative medals, a total of 14 medals.

Member of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.

ZHIDKOV Elisey Grigorievich

I, Zhidkov Elisey Grigoryevich, was born on June 12, 1917 in Belarus. In 1939 he graduated from the Minsk Infantry School, was awarded the military rank of lieutenant.

During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, being an officer of the operational department of the headquarters of the 38th Army (second formation), he was directly involved in the preparation and conduct of operations conducted by the army troops.

The first major offensive operation in which the 38th Army participated was the Voronezh-Kastornenskaya. This operation is the beginning of the main victorious march of the 38th Army to Victory over fascism. By March 1943, the army fought its way to the line east of the city of Sumy. In July-August, she participated in the Battle of Kursk. Then the defeat of the Nazis on the left-bank Ukraine and participation in the heroic crossing of the Dnieper. She played a decisive role in the liberation of the capital of Ukraine, Kyiv.

From January 1943 until the victorious end of the war, the 38th Army advanced almost continuously to the west. They liberated hundreds of Soviet cities, thousands of villages, including: Sumy, Kyiv, Zhitomir, Vinnitsa, Lvov. Participated in the defeat of the enemy in Poland and Czechoslovakia.

The duties of an operations officer were long, complex, and sometimes deadly. In addition to direct participation in the planning and organization of military operations, the collection and generalization of situational data, the development of combat documents and bringing them to the executors, he performed combat missions related to command and control in various types of combat.

When crossing the Dnieper, I was on the bridgehead in the Lyutezh area as a representative of the Military Council of the army to correct the combat operations of the military branches and control the course of the battle to expand the bridgehead and prepare for the development of the offensive.

On January 28, 1944, during the operation to liberate the right-bank Ukraine, a difficult situation developed in the zone of operations of the 17th Guards Rifle Corps. The enemy with a large number of tanks and motorized infantry broke through the battle formations of our troops, cut the railway south of the Lipovets station and continued to advance towards the village of Vladimirovka, threatening to go to the rear of our army.

Army Commander General Moskalenko K.S. decided to urgently turn the tank brigade on the march and counterattack the enemy. I had to convey this order to the corps commander and the commander of the tank brigade. However, communication with the corps and the brigade was absent at that time. I was ordered to urgently deliver the order of the commander to the destination on the U-2 plane. On approaching the headquarters of the corps, our aircraft was attacked by two enemy fighter aircraft. The pilot - senior lieutenant began to cling to the ground, trying to land, but was wounded in the air, and our plane crashed into the snow. I was sitting on the plane unattached, and I was thrown out of the plane about 30 meters ahead. At this time, the "Messerschmites" fired at our plane a second time, trying to burn it. We fell on neutral territory. On the one hand, enemy tanks are firing, on the other, our artillery. The pilot was killed, I took his documents, ran to the corps headquarters and handed the order from the commander to the corps commander.

When we flew, communication with the corps was restored. The corps commander received this order by radio and at the same time reported that our plane had been shot down, and the officer and pilot had died. I walked about 40 kilometers to the army headquarters and reported to the commander that I had handed the order to the corps commander. The pilot was posthumously awarded the Order of the Red Star.

In the battles on the right-bank Ukraine, the army continued to develop the offensive, repelling enemy counterattacks. The command post of the army moved after the troops at a short distance. The enemy, holding back our offensive, counterattacked with the use of "tiger" tanks. Some of our fighters could not stand it and began to retreat in a panic. The army commander sends me to the threatened area to clarify the situation. I went with the soldiers of the security company to the battle formations of the troops. We succeeded in front of the location of the army headquarters, firing machine guns over their heads and, by our own example, stopped the fleeing. One lieutenant with the remnants of a 45 mm gun crew fled in a panic from the tanks and stopped in front of the house where the commander was located. At that time, I reported to the commander that the situation had been restored, the enemy attack had been repulsed. General Colonel Moskalenko saw an officer with a cannon through the window, ordered to bring him to him. The lieutenant reported in fright: "Everyone died, two soldiers and I survived." The commander ordered me to shoot the officer. I took him away from the house, shot him twice in the air, and told the lieutenant: "Run quickly to your unit and continue to fight for real." I felt sorry for the young officer, he would come to his senses and still benefit the Motherland.

In difficult battle conditions, when unit commanders were out of order, he took control. More than once he led mobile groups to destroy the enemy, who had infiltrated on the flanks and junctions in the battle formations of our troops.

September - October 1944, the 38th Army carried out the Carpathian-Dukla operation. Parts of the 70th Guards Division in the area southwest of the city of Ivly, being cut off from the main forces of the army, on September 15 and 16 fought stubborn battles surrounded by the enemy. Army commander Moskalenko K.S. sent officers of the operational department to this difficult area - Lieutenant Colonel Syvak M.A., Major Lyshko O.A. and me - Major Zhidkov E.G. In difficult encirclement conditions, when a number of commanders were out of action, we took control of subunits more than once and restored the situation in threatened sectors. In a fight with the enemy, Syvak and Lyshko were killed, I, by a lucky chance, remained alive.

Often it was necessary to assist the commanders of formations and units in the preparation, organization and conduct of the battle. To exercise control over the fulfillment by the troops of the tasks determined by the order. Provide the army command with data on the position of troops during the battle, and upon receipt of conflicting information, clarify it by the direct location on the front line or line occupied by advanced units.

The front commander, General of the Army Petrov I.E., arrived at the command post of the army. A decision was made to introduce the second echelon of the army to develop the offensive. In the direction of entering the 2nd echelon, fierce battles were fought for a large settlement with two divisions. One division commander reports that this settlement is occupied by the Germans, the second - that it is not. If busy - the 2nd echelon must be entered and vice versa. It was urgently necessary to clarify the veracity of the information on this report. The commander sends me urgently to clarify the situation on the spot. When I drove up to the point in a car, our car was fired upon with automatic weapons, while the settlement itself was littered with the corpses of soldiers - ours and the enemy. On the outskirts, the command post of one regiment of our division was found in the attic of a house. The settlement was not occupied by the enemy, fierce battles were fought for it. Based on my report, truthful, the necessary decision was made to bring the second echelon into battle.

In the Carpathians in the Dukla direction, in fierce battles, he acted together with officers of the Czechoslovak Corps.

It seems to me that there is no need to enumerate all the combat activities of an officer of the operational department of the headquarters. The department was the main body for command and control of troops in the hands of the commander and chief of staff of the army.

The war ended on May 9, 1945, but the troops of the 38th Army continued to destroy scattered enemy groups in Czechoslovakia until May 12. At this time, I finished my military service in the operational department of the headquarters and was sent to study at the M.V. Frunze.

On June 24, 1945, I took part in the Victory Parade in Moscow as part of the combined regiment of the 1st Belorussian Front, commanded by Marshal Rokossovsky K.K.

After graduating from the academy M.V. Frunze, I continued my service in the Armed Forces. In 1952 he graduated from the second academy - the General Staff, served in large operational headquarters. Before leaving the Armed Forces, he held the position of senior lecturer in the department of operational art at the military academy of the General Staff. In 1974, on July 12, he was dismissed from active military service to the reserve (due to age).

After his dismissal from the Armed Forces, he was hired by the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of the Metrological Service of the State Standard for the position of head of the scientific department, where he worked for 17 years.

For service to the Motherland he was awarded: Orders of the Red Banner of War and the Red Banner of Labor, three Orders of the Red Star, three Orders of the "Patriotic War" and the Order "For Service to the Motherland in the USSR Armed Forces"; medals "For Military Merit", "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR", "Veteran of the Armed Forces" and ten commemorative medals.

He was also awarded two foreign orders: the American Officer's Order of Merit and the Iranian Order of Hamayun, 2nd degree.

ZAKHAROV Sergey Fedotovich.

I, Sergey Fedotovich Zakharov, was born on February 28, 1921, into a peasant family in the village of Gruzdovka, Kaluga District, Kaluga Region. In 1929, they moved to live in the Moscow region, where he graduated from the 7th grade of high school and, before being drafted into the army, worked at enterprises in the city of Moscow. In April 1940 he was drafted into the Red Army and served as a private in a construction battalion until the start of World War II.

With the outbreak of war, he was transferred to the 333rd Infantry Regiment, with which he arrived on the Western Front near the city of Kalinin. The fascist army, following Hitler's directive, abandoned its main forces and sought to capture Moscow. Here, on the Western Front, participating in fierce battles with the Nazis, I was wounded, and after my recovery I was seconded to the city of Gorky for courses for junior commanders.

After completing the course, I arrived in the 2nd Tank Corps of the Voronezh Front in the motorized infantry. Retreating with battles, he reached Stalingrad, and on the outskirts of it he was again wounded. Treatment took place in a hospital in Saratov. After recovery, he again arrived in Stalingrad in the 284th rifle division of the 62nd army of the foreman company, with which he took part in the battles until the end of the defeat of the Nazis near Stalingrad, i.e. until February 2, 1943. Here he was twice lightly wounded, treated in the sanitary battalion.

After the end of the Battle of Stalingrad, I was sent to courses for lieutenants of the 62nd - 8th Guards Army. Upon completion of training on May 15, 1943, I was awarded the rank of lieutenant of the guards and remained in the courses as a commander of a rifle platoon and a teacher of fire and drill training.

After the first release of platoon commanders, he was sent to the front line by the commander of a rifle company of the 79th Guards Rifle Division of the 8th Guards Army on the 3rd Ukrainian Front. He took part in the crossing of the Dnieper River, in the liberation of the cities of Zaporozhye and Odessa. In the battles for the city of Krivoy Rog, he was again wounded, and was again sent to the Saratov hospital for treatment. After recovering, he was seconded to the city of Ulyanovsk for advanced training courses for infantry officers.

After studying for six months, he was sent to the 1st Belorussian Front in the 61st Army, the 9th Guards Corps, the 12th Guards Division as a commander of a rifle company. I served in this division until the end of the war, taking part in the battles for the liberation of Warsaw, Konigsberg, Frankfurt-on-the-Oder, crossing the Vistula and Oder rivers, participating in the storming of Berlin, and was slightly wounded twice more.

At the end of the war, he was honored to take part in the Victory Parade in Moscow on June 24, 1945. When selecting candidates for the Parade, the following were taken into account: positive combat characteristics, military awards, height and combat bearing.

On June 25, 1945, he married, lived with his wife for 57 years, raised a son and a daughter. After the Victory Parade, he returned to Germany and served for another year in the military commandant's office of the city of Halle.

Member of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.

SIGALOV Victor Monevich.

I, Viktor Monevich Sigalov, was born on October 18, 1920 in the city of Dnepropetrovsk. In 1924 my family moved to Moscow, where I graduated from high school and worked in a printing house. In 1939 he was drafted into the Red Army and sent to serve in the Red Banner Baltic Fleet (KBF). The war found me in the service of the 1st submarine brigade. We stood at the mouth of the Dvina, in Bolderai, 18 kilometers from Riga. After leaving Tallinn, they were based in Kronstadt.

On September 8, 1941, like many sailors, I was sent to the land front for the defense of Leningrad, to the 98th rifle regiment. In fierce battles near Oranienbaum (Lomonosov), on September 15, he was wounded, through a bullet wound to the right forearm and shoulder. The treatment took place in the hospital 1114 (Herzen Institute on Moika 48).

On November 8, 1941, he was discharged from the hospital and voluntarily went to the 5th separate ski battalion of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet (KBF), which was being formed. As part of the battalion, he participated in the defense of Kronstadt, the protection of the winter road connecting Kronstadt with the mainland, in defense and combat operations in the Oranienbaum region and the Krasnaya Gorka and Gray Horse forts. Here again he was wounded.

After recovering, from April 1942 he served in the 1st trawling brigade of the KBF (later - the 1st Red Banner trawling brigade) in the 4th division of the Red Banner minesweepers TShch 62 and TShch 65. Participated in trawling the bay, escorting ships and supplying our islands in the Gulf of Finland, the liberation of the islands in the Vyborg Bay, the transfer of the 2nd Shock Army to the Oranienbaum bridgehead during the preparation of a breakthrough and lifting the blockade of Leningrad. He took part in the landing near Narva, the liberation of Tallinn, in the transfer of troops to the islands of Ezel and Dago.

On June 24, 1945, he participated in the Victory Parade in Moscow as part of the combined regiment of Baltic sailors with the rank of "foreman of the 2nd article." In 1947 he was demobilized, until his retirement he worked in the national economy of the country.

For service to the Motherland I have awards: the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the Order of the Red Star, the Ushakov medal, the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad", the medal "For the Victory over Germany" and many commemorative medals.

Heroes of the Great Patriotic War, after whom the streets of the North-Eastern Administrative District of Moscow are named

Ivan Vasilievich Bochkov

Ace pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union, participant in the Soviet-Finnish and Great Patriotic Wars. He won more than twenty air victories, for his valor he was awarded the Orders of Lenin (twice), the Order of the Red Banner and the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, as well as the medal "For Courage".

Ivan Vasilievich Bochkov was born on September 17, 1915 in the territory of the present Baryatinsky district of the Kaluga region into a peasant family. In 1928 he came to Moscow. After graduating from the driver's course, he began working at the Caliber plant, while completing his studies at the flying club. In 1937 he was drafted into the Red Army. In 1939, Bochkov graduated from the Borisoglebsk Military Aviation School named after V.P. Chkalov, where he was sent to study.

He participated in the Soviet-Finnish war and was awarded a medal for his courage.

At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he had the rank of senior lieutenant, by February 1943 he was already a captain and head of the airborne rifle service of the 19th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, which was part of the 7th Air Army of the Karelian Front. In total, during the war, Bochkov made more than 300 sorties, participated in about 50 air battles, personally shot down 7 and as part of a group of 32 enemy aircraft. Heroic victories brought fame to the pilot - they jokingly said that the enemies put Bochkov in a difficult position, leaving no space on his plane for stars indicating the number of downed cars. The newspaper “Combat Watch” even called: “Pilot! Be as persistent, skillful and brave in battle as the captain Ivan Bochkov!”, but after the death of the ace.

On April 4, 1943, Ivan Bochkov and Pavel Kutakhov took to the skies on a combat alert. Bochkov defeated the formation of enemy aircraft, but noticed that Kutakhov was under attack, and hurried to the rescue. The life of a comrade was saved, but the ace himself died. He was buried in a mass grave at Shonguy station (Kola district of the Murmansk region).

May 1, 1943 Ivan Vasilyevich Bochkov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously.

In honor of Ivan Bochkov, a street was named in the North-Eastern district of Moscow, in the Ostankino district from Mira Avenue to Olminsky passage. In the garden of the Caliber plant, where Ivan Vasilyevich began to work, there is his bust.

Boris Lavrentievich Galushkin

Member of the Great Patriotic War, commander of the special detachment of the NKGB of the USSR "Help" of the partisan group "Arthur". Hero of the Soviet Union (November 5, 1944, posthumously), lieutenant.

Born in 1919 in the city of Aleksandrovsk-Grushevsky (now the city of Shakhty).

In July 1941, from the fourth year of the institute, he volunteered for the Red Army and was sent to the front in the autumn of that year.

He fought on the Leningrad front, where he was wounded, hospitalized, but secretly fled from the hospital to the front. In 1942, he performed special tasks behind enemy lines in the territories of the Minsk and Vitebsk regions. In 1943 he became a member of the CPSU (b). In May 1943, he was appointed commander of the special detachment of the NKGB of the USSR "Help", which, in turn, was part of the "Arthur" group. Galushkin's detachment was able to derail twenty-four enemy echelons, destroy and damage twenty-three steam locomotives, dozens of vehicles, tanks and tractors, blow up six warehouses with ammunition and fodder, disable a paper mill in the city of Borisov, Minsk Region, a power plant, a timber and flax mill .

He died on June 15, 1944 during the exit from the encirclement as part of the assault group, which he commanded, in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bLake Palik, Borisov District, Minsk Region.

He was buried in a mass grave in the village of Makovye, Borisovsky district, Minsk region, Belarus, among eighty-nine servicemen and partisans.

In honor of Boris Lavrentievich Galushkin, a street was named in the Alekseevsky district of the North-Eastern district of Moscow. Boris Galushkin Street starts from Prospekt Mira opposite the northern entrance of the All-Russian Exhibition Center, runs southeast parallel to Kasatkina Street, crosses Yaroslavskaya Street, Kosmonavtov Street, forming with it Academician Lyulka Square, Pavel Korchagin Street (on the right) and Rizhsky Proyezd, which, however, , at this point it is interrupted and goes out onto Boris Galushkin Street along with Pavel Korchagin Street. It ends at the overpass bridge over the railway tracks of the Yaroslavl direction, turning into Rostokinskiy proezd.

Sergei Konstantinovich Godovikov

Platoon commander of the 1183rd Infantry Regiment of the 356th Infantry Division of the 61st Army of the Central Front, lieutenant.

Born June 10, 1924 in Moscow. He graduated from nine classes of secondary school No. 237. He worked as a turner at the Caliber plant, was the secretary of the Komsomol factory committee.

In August 1942 he was drafted into the Red Army. He graduated from the Moscow Machine Gun School, stationed in the city of Mozhga, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In the battles of the Great Patriotic War since August 1943. Fought on the Central Front.

Platoon commander of the 1183rd Infantry Regiment, Junior Lieutenant S.K. Godovikov distinguished himself on September 28, 1943. The platoon successfully crossed the Dnieper near the village of Novoselki, and then, together with neighboring units, captured a bridgehead on the right bank of the river. Died in this battle. He was buried in the village of Novoselki, Repkinsky district, Chernihiv region.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 15, 1944, for the courage and heroism shown in forcing the Dnieper and holding a foothold on its right bank, Junior Lieutenant Sergei Konstantinovich Godovikov was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In Moscow, a street was named after the Hero, a bust was erected on the Alley of Heroes on the territory of the Caliber plant. Godovikova Street is located in the Ostankinsky District of the North-Eastern District, between Murmansky Proyezd and Zvyozdny Boulevard.

Ivan Arkhipovich Dokukin

Member of the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union, deputy squadron commander of the 504th assault aviation regiment of the 226th assault aviation division of the 8th air army of the South-Eastern Front, captain of the Air Force.

Born on June 17, 1920 in the village of Znamenka, now the Bolsheboldinsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region.

Father died during the civil war. The mother went to work in Moscow, where in 1932 she took her son. After graduating from the FZU school, he worked as a welder in the thermite shop of the Moscow Caliber plant. In 1939, the Komsomol organization of the plant sent him to the glider school of the Rostokinsky district, after graduation - to the Tushinskaya, and then to the Serpukhov aviation school.

In the Red Army since 1939. In 1941 he graduated from the Serpukhov Military Aviation Pilot School. Since June 1941 in the army. The war found Ivan Dokukin in the aviation unit, which was based on the western border. From the very beginning of the war, the pilot participated in the battles. Defended the skies of Leningrad.

From October 9 to October 13, 1941, Ivan Dokukin on the Il-2 aircraft made 5 sorties to destroy enemy ground forces. As a result, together with other pilots of the unit, he destroyed up to a battalion of enemy infantry, several tanks and guns. In May 1942, near Kharkov, Dokukin, as part of the G8, made repeated raids on enemy airfields where Nazi fighters were stationed. Acting boldly and decisively, he and his comrades in a short time destroyed 15 German Me-109 aircraft on the ground and in air battles. From the middle of summer 1942, Dokukin fought at Stalingrad. On July 21, 1942, he made 9 combat visits to the enemy convoy, destroying 9 vehicles.

By September 25, 1942, the deputy squadron commander of the 504th assault aviation regiment, Lieutenant Dokukin, destroyed 8 aircraft, 15 tanks, 110 vehicles with military cargo, 15 motorcycles, 3 anti-aircraft guns, 4 gas tanks and many other enemy equipment.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 8, 1943, for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the struggle against the Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, Lieutenant Dokukin Ivan Arkhipovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal "(No. 833).

In the summer of 1943, Ivan Dokukin fought over the Mius River and in the skies of the Donbass. On July 8, 1943, he died in an air battle.

He was buried in the village of Zverevo, Rostov Region.

In the North-Eastern District, a street in the Rostokino district, located between Mira Avenue (beginning) and the intersection of 1st Leonov Passage with Leonov Street, bears the name of the Hero, as well as the team of the Caliber plant, on whose territory his bust is installed.

Sergey Vasilievich Milashenkov

Hero of the Soviet Union, attack pilot, born September 15, 1921, in the village of Lesovaya, now the Safonovsky district of the Smolensk region.

After graduating from the seven-year plan, he worked in Moscow in the artel of musical instruments, in the editorial office of the Pravda newspaper.

In the Red Army since 1940. In 1942 he graduated from the Engels Military Aviation Pilot School. Since December 1942 at the front. Squadron commander of the 109th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment, Guards Senior Lieutenant. Made 90 successful sorties. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1943.

On July 14, 1944, near the village of Mikulichi (Vladimir-Volynsky district of the Volyn region, Ukraine), during a combat mission, he was shot down. Then the pilot sent his burning plane to the accumulation of enemy troops. Air gunner Ivan Solop also died along with the pilot.

For this feat, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 27, 1945, S. V. Milashenkov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously). Sergei Vasilievich Milashenkov was also awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the Red Star, the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, and medals.

A street in the Butyrsky district of the North-Eastern District of Moscow, located between Fonvizin Street and Komdiv Orlov Street, is named after the Hero, the station of the Milashenkova Street monorail. Also in the Butyrsky district there is a secondary school No. 230 named after S.V. Milashenkov, a monument to the Hero was erected in the courtyard of school No. 1236.

Vladimir Alexandrovich Molodtsov

Soviet intelligence officer, captain of state security, partisan, Hero of the Soviet Union (November 5, 1944, posthumously) pseudonym - Pavel Vladimirovich Badaev. During the Great Patriotic War, he led a reconnaissance and sabotage detachment in occupied Odessa. Executed by the Romanian invaders. The place of burial is unknown.

Born on July 5, 1911 in the village of Sasovo, Elatomsky district of the Tambov province (now the Ryazan region).

In 1926 he joined the Komsomol (VLKSM) and soon became the secretary of the Kratov cell. After graduating from the Kratov school, he studied at the 9-year-old school in the city of Ramenskoye, Moscow Region, finished the 10th grade at the Moscow Railway School No. 1. He began his career in 1929 as a laborer, then as an assistant locksmith. In 1934 he studied at the workers' faculty at the Moscow Engineering and Economics Institute. S. Ordzhonikidze. In the same year, at the call of the party, he was sent to study at the Central School of the NKVD of the USSR. Since 1935 - in the central office (GUGB) of the NKVD of the USSR, assistant detective.

Since 1935 - lived with his family in the village. Nemchinovka. From December 1937 - lived in Moscow.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War on July 8, 1941, he accompanied his wife with 3 children to the evacuation to the city of Prokopyevsk (Kemerovo region). On July 19, 1941, having received a special assignment from the command, V.A. Molodtsov arrived in Odessa to organize partisan formations and to lead sabotage and reconnaissance work behind enemy lines under the pseudonym Pavel Badaev (operational name "Kir"). Directly led the detachments in the Odessa catacombs and in the city. On October 16-18, 1941, the first partisan strikes were made against the Romanian troops that invaded Odessa. Until the beginning of 1942, despite the extremely difficult conditions of stay in the catacombs, a detachment of partisans repeatedly destroyed wire communication lines, railway tracks, sabotage was committed in the seaport, the dam of the Khadzhibey Estuary was blown up, enemy manpower and equipment were destroyed, roads were mined, valuable reconnaissance equipment was mined. information for the bet. Soviet aviation more than once delivered precise bombing strikes, the coordinates for which the commander transmitted to the Center. A detachment of 75-80 people, based in the catacombs, diverted significant forces of the SS troops and field gendarmerie, numbering up to 16,000 people. The Romanian and German security services blew up, mined and concreted the exits, released poisonous gases into the mines, poisoned the water in the wells, left ambushes, etc., but the detachment acted.

On February 9, 1942, as a result of the betrayal of one of the members of the detachment, the commander of the formation, Molodtsov V.A., his liaisons T. Mezhigurskaya and T. Shestakova, as well as Yasha Gordienko, were arrested at a safe house in the city. In the Siguran prison, the commander and partisans courageously endured savage tortures, but did not extradite anyone.

On May 29, 1942 - Molodtsov spoke for the first time only after the death sentence was announced - he replied to the proposal to file a request for pardon: “We do not ask for pardon from our enemies on our land!”

By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 5, 1944, for the heroic deed shown in the performance of special tasks behind enemy lines, Captain of State Security Vladimir Alexandrovich Molodtsov was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Also, Vladimir Aleksandrovich was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, medals "For the Defense of Odessa" and "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree.

The memory of the Hero is immortalized in many cities of Russia and Ukraine. A street is named after him, which runs in the Northern and Southern Medvedkovo districts in the North-Eastern administrative district of Moscow. In the Northern Medvedkovo district, a memorial plaque was opened in 2010, named after V.A. Molodtsov named secondary school No. 285.

Fyodor Mikhailovich Orlov

Soviet military leader, colonel. Fedor Mikhailovich was born in the village of Teterovka, Grodno province (now the Grodno region of Belarus) in 1878. From 1899 to 1905 he served as a private in the Guards Lancers, took part in the Russo-Japanese War. After graduating from the training team, he became a non-commissioned officer, took part in the First World War. After the October Revolution of 1917 in the Red Army. He was sent to the North Caucasus to organize the Red Guard and partisan detachments. In the spring of 1918 he was appointed commissar of the Kuban army. For military distinctions and exploits, he was repeatedly awarded with valuable gifts, including a gold personalized cigarette case. In 1920 Fedor Mikhailovich Orlov was awarded the first Order of the Red Banner. He was an associate of M.V. Frunze in the battles against Wrangel. In December 1920, he was appointed deputy commander of the Ukrainian and Crimean troops. In 1920-1921. Commander of the Kharkov Military District. From 1924 to 1931, for health reasons (during the Civil War, Orlov received 24 wounds and contusions), he was in the reserve of the Red Army. In 1931 he was appointed deputy head of the special department of military-technical propaganda of the Red Army. In 1935 he suffered a stroke, and in 1938 he was dismissed from the Red Army due to illness. From 1938 to 1941 deputy Head of the 7th Department of Plant No. 1 of the Main Artillery Directorate of the Red Army. In July 1941, Fyodor Mikhailovich appeared at the mobilization point of the people's militia, but was refused, he was already 63 years old. But after urgent requests, he was enrolled in the militia. Later he commanded a company, a reconnaissance battalion of the 6th division of the people's militia. Participated in the battles near Yelnya, received two wounds, a shell shock, but remained in the ranks and withdrew the remnants of the 6th Moscow Militia Division from the encirclement. At the end of September 1941, he was appointed commander of the 160th Infantry Division, reorganized from the 6th Moscow Division of the Dzerzhinsky District People's Militia. On January 29, 1942, near the village of Gridenki, Kaluga Region, Orlov received his twenty-fifth wound as a result of a German air raid. But already in August 1942 he returned to the troops again and only in 1946 he was dismissed from military service with the rank of colonel. Fedor Vasilyevich Orlov was awarded the Order of Lenin, three Orders of the Red Banner. A street in the Marfino district of the North-Eastern administrative district was named in honor of Komdiv Orlov.

Evgenia Maksimovna Rudneva

Navigator of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 325th Night Bomber Aviation Division, Guards Senior Lieutenant. The hero of the USSR.

She was born on December 24, 1920 in the city of Berdyansk, now the Zaporozhye region of Ukraine. She lived in the village of Saltykovka, Moscow Region, in the city of Babushkin. In 1938, Zhenya graduated from high school with an honors certificate and became a student at the Mechanics and Mathematics Department of Moscow State University. Thanks to her extraordinary hard work and inquisitiveness, Zhenya quickly became one of the best students of the course at the university. In the same year, she began working in the All-Union Astronomical and Geodetic Society (VAGO) in the Department of the Sun, and the very next year she was elected head of this department. At the same time, she also worked in the department of Variable Stars, with enthusiasm, often making observations all night long at the observatory on Presnya. In 1939, the first scientific article by E. Rudneva was published in the VAGO Bulletin No. 3: “Biological Observations During the Solar Eclipse of June 19, 1936.” When the Great Patriotic War began, Zhenya passed the spring examination session, finishing the third year. Passionately in love with her specialty, with distant unquenchable stars, a student who was predicted to have a great future, she firmly decided that she would not study until the war was over, that her path lay at the front. In the Red Army - since October 1941, she graduated from the navigation school. On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War - since May 1942, she was a crew navigator. Navigator of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment (325th Night Bomber Aviation Division, 4th Air Army, 2nd Belorussian Front), Senior Lieutenant E.M. Rudneva made 645 night combat sorties to destroy crossings, railway echelons, manpower and equipment of the enemy. She fought on the Transcaucasian, North Caucasian, 4th Ukrainian fronts. Participated in battles in the North Caucasus, Taman and Kerch peninsulas. The brave pilot died a heroic death on the night of April 9, 1944 during the execution, along with P.M. Prokopieva, a combat mission north of the city of Kerch, Crimean ASSR. She was buried in the hero city of Kerch at the Military Memorial Cemetery. Even before her death, she was presented to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 26, 1944, Senior Lieutenant Evgenia Maksimovna Rudneva was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command and the courage and heroism shown in battles with the Nazi invaders. She was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the Red Star, as well as medals. In honor of Evgenia Rudneva, a street was named in the Babushkinsky district of the North-Eastern district of the capital, a monument was erected.

Andrei Mikhailovich Serebryakov

Soviet tank officer, participant in the Soviet-Finnish and Great Patriotic Wars, Hero of the Soviet Union.

Born on October 29, 1913 in the city of Ryazhsk, now the Ryazan Region. In the Red Army since 1939. He graduated from the courses of mechanics-drivers of tanks. Member of the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-40. Senior tank driver of the 232nd separate reconnaissance tank battalion (39th separate light tank brigade, 13th army, North-Western Front), Komsomol organizer of the company, junior commander Andrei Serebryakov distinguished himself in battles in the Vyborg direction. On February 12, 1940, in the battle for the city of Kyyurel, a tanker drove a combat vehicle on the attack eight times, suppressing firing points and destroying enemy manpower. By their actions, the tank crew created favorable conditions for the offensive of the infantry unit. On February 28, 1940, during a reconnaissance raid deep into the enemy defenses in the area of ​​​​Lake Kheykurila, Andrei Serebryakov located eight pillboxes. The tank was hit, but the crew continued to fight until dark. At night, the tankers repaired the damage and returned to their unit. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 7, 1940, "for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the Finnish White Guard and the courage and heroism shown at the same time," Junior Commander Andrei Mikhailovich Serebryakov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal » (No. 295). After the end of hostilities, the tanker lived in Moscow since 1940, worked in the state security agencies.

Member of the Great Patriotic War since 1942. The commander of the tank company named after Felix Dzerzhinsky of the 475th separate heavy tank battalion (whose KV tanks were made in May 1942 at the expense of the workers of the Dzerzhinsky district of Moscow), junior lieutenant of state security Serebryakov A.M. died a heroic death in battle on July 27, 1942 during the defense of the city of Voronezh. He was buried in a mass grave No. 13 (city park of Voronezh). Andrei Mikhailovich was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree (February 16, 1943, posthumously), and medals.

The name of Andrei Mikhailovich Serebryakov is a passage in the Sviblovo district of the North-Eastern administrative district.

The Great Patriotic War began on June 22, 1941 - the day when the Nazi invaders and their allies invaded the territory of the USSR. It lasted four years and became the final stage of the Second World War. In total, about 34,000,000 Soviet soldiers took part in it, more than half of which died.

Causes of the Great Patriotic War

The main reason for the start of the Great Patriotic War was the desire of Adolf Hitler to lead Germany to world domination by capturing other countries and establishing a racially pure state. Therefore, on September 1, 1939, Hitler invaded Poland, then Czechoslovakia, initiating World War II and conquering more and more territories. The successes and victories of Nazi Germany forced Hitler to violate the non-aggression pact concluded on August 23, 1939 between Germany and the USSR. He developed a special operation called "Barbarossa", which meant the capture of the Soviet Union in a short time. Thus began the Great Patriotic War. It went through three stages.

Stages of the Great Patriotic War

Stage 1: June 22, 1941 - November 18, 1942

The Germans captured Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine, Estonia, Belarus and Moldova. The troops moved inland to capture Leningrad, Rostov-on-Don and Novgorod, but the main goal of the Nazis was Moscow. At this time, the USSR suffered heavy losses, thousands of people were taken prisoner. On September 8, 1941, the military blockade of Leningrad began, which lasted 872 days. As a result, the Soviet troops were able to stop the German offensive. The Barbarossa plan failed.

Stage 2: 1942-1943

During this period, the USSR continued to build up its military power, industry and defense grew. Thanks to the incredible efforts of the Soviet troops, the front line was pushed back - to the west. The central event of this period was the greatest Battle of Stalingrad in history (July 17, 1942 - February 2, 1943). The goal of the Germans was to capture Stalingrad, the big bend of the Don and the Volgodonsk isthmus. During the battle, more than 50 armies, corps and divisions of enemies were destroyed, about 2 thousand tanks, 3 thousand aircraft and 70 thousand vehicles were destroyed, German aviation was significantly weakened. The victory of the USSR in this battle had a significant impact on the course of further military events.

Stage 3: 1943-1945

From defense, the Red Army gradually goes over to the offensive, moving towards Berlin. Several campaigns aimed at destroying the enemy were implemented. A guerrilla war breaks out, during which 6200 partisan detachments are formed, trying to fight the enemy on their own. The partisans used all means at hand, down to clubs and boiling water, set up ambushes and traps. At this time, there are battles for the Right-Bank Ukraine, Berlin. The Belarusian, Baltic, and Budapest operations were developed and put into action. As a result, on May 8, 1945, Germany officially recognized defeat.

Thus, the victory of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War was actually the end of the Second World War. The defeat of the German army put an end to Hitler's desire to gain dominance over the world, universal slavery. However, the victory in the war came at a heavy price. Millions of people died in the struggle for the Motherland, cities, villages and villages were destroyed. All the last funds went to the front, so people lived in poverty and hunger. Every year on May 9, we celebrate the day of the Great Victory over fascism, we are proud of our soldiers for giving life to future generations, providing a bright future. At the same time, the victory was able to consolidate the influence of the USSR on the world stage and turn it into a superpower.

Briefly for children

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The Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) is the most terrible and bloody war in the entire history of the USSR. This war was between two powers, the mighty power of the USSR and Germany. In a fierce battle, for five years, the USSR nevertheless won worthy of its opponent. Germany, when attacking the union, hoped to quickly capture the whole country, but they did not expect how powerful and selenium the Slavic people were. What did this war lead to? To begin with, we will analyze a number of reasons, because of what it all started?

After the First World War, Germany was greatly weakened, a severe crisis overcame the country. But at this time, Hitler came to power and introduced a large number of reforms and changes, thanks to which the country began to prosper, and people showed their trust in him. When he became the ruler, he pursued such a policy in which he informed the people that the nation of Germans was the most excellent in the world. Hitler was ignited by the idea of ​​​​revenging for the First World War, for that terrible lose, he had the idea to subjugate the whole world. He began with the Czech Republic and Poland, which later grew into the Second World War

We all remember very well from history books that until 1941 a non-aggression treaty was signed between the two countries of Germany and the USSR. But Hitler still attacked. The Germans developed a plan called "Barbarossa". It clearly stated that Germany should capture the USSR in 2 months. He believed that if he had at his disposal all the strength and power of the country, then he would be able to go to war with the United States with fearlessness.

The war began so quickly, the USSR was not ready, but Hitler did not get what he wanted and expected. Our army put up a lot of resistance, the Germans did not expect to see such a strong opponent in front of them. And the war dragged on for a long 5 years.

Now we will analyze the main periods during the entire war.

The initial stage of the war is June 22, 1941 to November 18, 1942. During this time, the Germans captured most of the country, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus also got here. Further, the Germans already had Moscow and Leningrad in front of their eyes. And they almost succeeded, but the Russian soldiers turned out to be stronger than them and did not allow this city to be captured.

Unfortunately, they captured Leningrad, but what is most surprising, the people living there did not let the invaders into the city itself. There were battles for these cities until the end of 1942.

The end of 1943, the beginning of 1943, was very difficult for the German troops and at the same time happy for the Russians. The Soviet army launched a counteroffensive, the Russians began to slowly but surely retake their territory, and the invaders and their allies slowly retreated to the west. Some of the allies were destroyed on the spot.

Everyone remembers very well how the entire industry of the Soviet Union switched to the production of military supplies, thanks to which they were able to repulse the enemies. The retreating army turned into attackers.

The final. 1943 to 1945 The Soviet soldiers gathered all their strength and began to recapture their territory at a fast pace. All forces were directed towards the invaders, namely to Berlin. At this time, Leningrad was liberated, and other previously captured countries were recaptured. The Russians resolutely marched on Germany.

The last stage (1943-1945). At this time, the USSR began to take away its lands bit by bit and move towards the invaders. Russian soldiers retook Leningrad and other cities, then they proceeded to the very heart of Germany - Berlin.

On May 8, 1945, the USSR entered Berlin, the Germans announced their surrender. Their ruler could not stand it and independently left for the next world.

And now the worst part of the war. How many people died so that we would now live in the world and enjoy every day.

In fact, history is silent about these terrible figures. The USSR concealed for a long time, then the number of people. The government hid data from the people. And people then understood how many died, how many were taken prisoner, and how many missing people to this day. But after a while, the data nevertheless surfaced. According to official sources, up to 10 million soldiers died in this war, and about 3 million more were in German captivity. These are terrible numbers. And how many children, old people, women died. The Germans mercilessly shot everyone.

It was a terrible war, unfortunately it brought a lot of tears to families, there was devastation in the country for a long time, but slowly the USSR got on its feet, post-war actions subsided, but did not subside in the hearts of people. In the hearts of mothers who did not wait for their sons from the front. Wives who were left widows with children. But what a strong Slavic people, even after such a war, he rose from his knees. Then the whole world knew how strong the state was and how strong in spirit people lived there.

Thanks to the veterans who protected us when they were very young. Unfortunately, at the moment there are only a few of them left, but we will never forget their feat.

Report on the Great Patriotic War

June 22, 1941 at 4 o'clock in the morning, Germany attacked the USSR without declaring war. Such an unexpected event briefly put the Soviet troops out of action. The Soviet army adequately met the enemy, although the enemy was very strong and had an advantage over the Red Army. Germany had a lot of weapons, tanks, planes, when the Soviet army was just moving from cavalry protection to armory.

The USSR was not ready for such a large-scale war, many of the commanders at that moment were inexperienced and young. Of the five marshals, three were shot and recognized as enemies of the people. Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was in power during the Great Patriotic War and did everything possible for the victory of the Soviet troops.

The war was cruel and bloody, the whole country stood up to defend the Motherland. Everyone could join the ranks of the Soviet army, the youth created partisan detachments and tried to help in every possible way. All men and women fought for the defense of their native land.

900 days lasted the struggle for Leningrad residents, who were in the blockade. Many soldiers were killed and taken prisoner. The Nazis created concentration camps, where they mocked and starved people. The Nazi troops expected that the war would end within 2-3 months, but the patriotism of the Russian people turned out to be stronger, and the war dragged on for a long 4 years.

In August 1942, the Battle of Stalingrad began, lasting six months. The Soviet army won and captured more than 330,000 Nazis. The Nazis could not come to terms with their defeat and launched an attack on Kursk. 1200 vehicles took part in the Battle of Kursk - it was a massive battle of tanks.

In 1944, the troops of the Red Army were able to liberate Ukraine, the Baltic states, and Moldova. Also, Soviet troops received support from Siberia, the Urals and the Caucasus and were able to drive enemy troops away from their native lands. Many times the Nazis wanted to lure the troops of the Soviet army into a trap by cunning, but they did not succeed. Thanks to the competent Soviet command, the plans of the Nazis were destroyed and then they set in motion heavy artillery. The Nazis launched heavy tanks such as the "Tiger" and "Panther" into battle, but despite this, the Red Army gave a worthy rebuff.

At the very beginning of 1945, the Soviet army broke into Germany and forced the Nazis to admit defeat. From May 8 to May 9, 1945, the Act of surrender of the forces of Nazi Germany was signed. Officially, May 9 is considered Victory Day, and is celebrated to this day.

Great Patriotic War 1941-1945

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Books

• Basic Questions of Economics and Politics of Imperialism (after the Second World War), E. Varga. The proposed book was subjected to a significant revision for the second edition, which, however, did not change its main content. The close intertwining of economic,…
• Strategists of the Great War, Shishov A. A new book by the famous military historian and writer Alexei Vasilyevich Shishov is dedicated to four prominent historical figures - leaders of the First World War. Kaiser Wilhelm II Hohenzollern…