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Accent in Russian

Development phonetics of the Russian language may be challenging for foreigners starting out To learn Russian. As you should know, the pronunciation of Russian vowels differs depending on the accent whether this letter is located or not.

Unlike some other languages, Russian no strict accent rules– it can fall on any count syllable in a word (compare with French, where the stress almost always falls on the last syllable). It is almost impossible to predict which syllable the stress will fall on in a given word, especially for a foreigner who has just started learning Russian.

The online tool on this page will automatically places stress in Russian words, and also restores the letter "ё" in the Russian text. This will save you time, because... you don't have to look up word stress in the dictionary.

Some Russian words, which are written the same, have different meanings depending on where the emphasis falls. Compare:

lock lock
big bigger

Such words are called homographs. The online tool will show all possible stress positions in similar words. The dictionary contains information about 23,376 homographs (16,609 unique spellings of words).

There is also a group of words in the Russian language that I call “false” homographs. These are words with the letter "e" that become homographs if written with the letter "e". For example, the word "bereg", being written as "bereg", can be read both as "bereg" and as "bereg". The online tool shows both possible stresses in similar words. Other examples:

wheels wheels
lakes lakes

There is another group of words that can also be written with the letter “e” or “e”. The stress position in such words is the same, but their meaning is different. For example:

All All
sky sky

If you select the stressed vowel display mode "paint red", then the letter “е” in such words will be highlighted in purple: everything.

Maximum text length (number of characters):

• unregistered users – 50,
• language pack "frequent user" – 10,000,
• language package "polyglot" – 10,000.

Want to improve this tool? Use error correction mode in the translator of Russian words into transcription!

Stress in Russian words, homographs - online resources

Updates to this word to transcription translator

• Updates to the online tool for placing accents in Russian words

  I have improved an online tool that places accents in Russian words. One of the improvements is the ability to restore the letter "ё" in Russian text....

Features of stress in Russian (continuation)

Separate conversation O ra require unstressed words. Function words and particles, as a rule, do not have stress in the Russian language. Some of them are monosyllabic prepositions and conjunctions, b yva They use pre-stress words, so-called proclitics. They will accept yk They are pronounced in pronunciation of the independent words that follow them and have stress: on the water, by the road, from the forest, along the ut I.Others are monosyllabic particles, being ut These are enclitics, that is, post-stress words. They are adjacent in pronunciation to the preceding word, having eat I've got a hit: someone came, tell me, I promised, you opened the door, will they come? neither.In these combinations of particles then, ka, after all, then, whether become enclitics.

Sometimes the excuse takes a hit. on yourself b I, then the significant word that follows it turns out to be unstressed. Most often they pull the blow on themselves. pre d logs ON, FOR, UNDER, BY, FROM, WITHOUT.
ON - on the water, on the mountain, on the hand, on the ear, on A winter, for a year, for a house, for a floor. But such a transfer of a stressed vowel is not always correct. oi coming off. We are speaking go to the pier(but not nA they say), climb the hill(but not on the hill), decree on the door(but not on the door), run aground(but not stranded).

Shifting the emphasis to the preposition, according to the norms of orthoepy, possibly en when the combination of a noun with a preposition is part of a stable phrase O company or when it appears in a circumstantial meaning and has an adverbial character. In the same case ae when it is important to highlight a noun as the object to which the action is directed, and when it is a noun But e acts as a complement, a blow. does not switch to an excuse. For example:

take A's word for it, but: pay attention ima reference to the word "transformation";
lower the ship into the water, but: because of the glare of the sun it is painful to look at the water;
this man is dishonest, but: dirty there was bandage applied;
put the load on her shoulders, but: he put his palms on her shoulders;
move the hat to the nose, but: put the juggler l on nOS cardboard cylinder;
The old man was hard on his ear, but the mother looked at the boy's ear.

We'll say take sin on your soul. This is the foundation first turn, and blow. enshrined in it. But you can't say: so many products per country shu population.We are speaking fall like snow on the goal ov y. This is also a phraseological unit in which the emphasis is traditionally placed on the preposition. But you can't say: he threw the game fe tti on the heads of friends.

Often the emphasis in Russian is transferred si refers to the preposition NA when combined with numerals: na two, na three, na five, na ten, na hundred, na two, na three. But if there are two numerals next to each other with the meaning of approximate, such movement is a blow. Not about comes from: leave for two or three days, for five or six months, for two or three days. Pronunciation n A two-three, na three-five - incorrect. The preposition remains unstressed even in that case cha e, when two numerals are connected by the conjunction OR: for two or three days, for five or six months, for two or t roe days.

The accent is not transferred in Russian yk e to a preposition even when there is a clarification at the first numeral. Compare: leave for two months - leave for two months VA months and ten days; business trip for a year - business trip for a year and three months; meet cha scheduled for three o'clock - the meeting is scheduled for three hours and thirty minutes.

Finally, it should be said that sometimes The text suggests the need to save the blow. on a significant word, and not transfer it to the right units log. In a conversation about the work of the famous Russian composer, we talked about the suite for two Russian no topics (not nA two). The presenter specifically highlighted the word two to draw attention to this it orii.

BEHIND - for the leg, for the hand, for the winter, for the soul, for the mountains od , for a night, for a day, for two, for three, for five, for seven, for forty.

But the same restrictions apply here:

hide your hands behind your back - hide that hold on to your mother's back;
grab hands - grab hands and n ABOUT gi;
you can get there in two hours - behind two hours and forty minutes.

ON - by the forest, by the field, by the floor, by but sou, two, three, one hundred, two, three.

The blow cannot be taken. on a preposition when combining eg o with numerals five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten... fourty and complex numbers tel nal eleven, twelve, five hundred, six hundred, etc.: for five hours, for six days, for nine rubles le oh, forty kopecks.

The emphasis is not transferred to the description in the above cases:

TWO-THREE plates, five-six each t Human;
for two or three days, two or tr And the day;
two or three days, three from to fishing another day;
about two centners, but two and three tens you x quintal.

UNDER - Under the feet, under the arms, under the mountain, p One nose, in the evening.
IZ - I from home, from the forest, from sight, from os u.
WITHOUT - without news, without a year de la, to no avail.
FROM- hour From hour, year From year, From ro du.

Some two-syllable prepositions are always a are unstressed. These are FROM BECAUSE, FROM UNDER and prepositions with the fluent O: PODO, NECESSARY, OBO, OTO, ISO - because of le sa , from under the table, under me, about me, from everyone, from everyone.

Weak words- these are the words that That Although some have stress in the phrase, it is weaker than that of independent words. I call this emphasis t p obverse. Many adverbial prepositions are weakly stressed words, such as AFTER, CIRCLE, PAST, AROUND, OPPOSITE, AROSS, KOKO LO and others. The fact that these words receive only a weakened impact is clearly felt when compared with fr basics in which these words, used as adverbs, become carriers of normal hit.:

the mother stood behind the children - the river ost al behind;
the train was rushing through my field - the car about ex ala mimo;
he waved after the bus - what people-That shouted after;
we will come after an hour - we will come To to you after;
there was a spring near the house - it’s enough to go to okrug yes Around.

Side accent (or second penny oe) is designated by the sign “gravis”, in contrast to the main blow., designated by the sign “acute”. Side kick. usually has the preposition THROUGH: etc search well through the thicket, through the thickets, through the fog. Always carries a collateral blow. etc. e dlog EXCEPT: everyone gathered except him; don’t take anything boring with you except books; except for birch trees, there were and l ips.Some cities are weakly impacted lag single forms and introductory words IT WAS, IT HAD BEEN, IT HAD BEEN: I would like to take up reading; seed We also ate Well, in the evenings we talked together; So he was planning to leave?

However, you should not get carried away with side effects and accents. If the speaker's speech is kept at a moderate pace, the pronunciation of unstressed words is second. P with strong stress, and weakly stressed words with normal stress. will create excessive accentuation, to O which only makes speech more difficult to perceive and disturbs listeners.

Words with side stress attracted to fuck e special attention. For the most part, every independent word is her t just one hit. But there are words with a large number of syllables and complex in composition, which also have a secondary very good noe blow. This is mainly:

words formed by compounding there are two basics: all-metal, cranial-marrow, indefinite leave;
words with some pre f Xs of foreign language origin: A anti-clerical, ultra-reactionary, dust jacket, re-militarization;
compound words: ze msnarYad , R and YesSovet, oh blit, ene rgosbyt, partyconference .

If a word has two stresses, then the main stress will be t is located closer to the end of the word, and closer to the beginning is the collateral. Also has knowledge chen ie and the distance of the main blow. from the beginning of the word: man, horseman, spending time with me denie, hl about poop cleaning .

Widely used compound words, if they are not faces usually do not have side stress: vacuum cleaner, drain, garden, water supply, black ozЁ m, grateful, far-sighted, land surveyor, centuries-old . No collateral damage. pronounced and so common with lo wow, how EARTHQUAKE, AGRICULTURAL and others.

Side stresses appear more often in kn words similar in stylistic coloring: ( damn your crime, books of the state guardhouse) and in special words wow: ( electr o NnovAcuumny, galva noacoustics, radio reportAzh, film script, photo correspondent, shahtopodyo mn ik).

It happens when forming a complex word by compounding the main blow. moves closer to the center of the word and ends up on the wrong syllable That ry falls in a word used independently. So, we say:

a fighter - but a hammer hammer, swa fuck Oets;
WAVE - but short wave, d whether newwave;
factory - but elegant Ods cue;
Forest - but Malole sn y;
Imported - but long-distance Oz ny;
wired - electrically;
seller - but the book is a state seller;
raftable - but timber raftable;
creator - but poetry T inOrets;
ear - but oh ear;
colored - but monochromatic.

Compound adjectives and compound adjectives cyclic numerals, in the first part of which there are 3, 4, from 11 to 20, as well as 30, 40, 50, 60... 100, are often pronounced with two accents (according to barrel noe - on the numeral): one eleven meters, fifteen And Liter, seven-ten-kilometer, nine-century, one-hundred-thousandth.

With two side kicks. on the lane V oh part and with the main emphasis on the second part, complex words are pronounced four xso pipes, electric machinery, and volume o togOnschik .
Always have a side effect. complex layers va , written with a hyphen: Kontr-admiral, kayu t-company, rain-tent, I'm ht-club.

Side stress may fall on some when st. awki: OVER-, AFTER-, INTER-. But here, too, the degree of use of the word plays a role. For example them er, with a side kick. words are spoken according to sleubOrochny, according to post-operative, according to slerodo th. But it is missing from words day after tomorrow, afternoon, afterword. And in words with the prefixes MEZH- To SUPER-side blow. always put: INTERNATIONAL, INTERINDUSTRY, INTERPLANETARY; new R xdeep, super mobile, super speed .

Side stress is necessary for rights or Correctly pronounce the corresponding vowels in the word. If you say the word xo zmag without a secondary blow., then oh But will sound like this: hazmaq. The listener may not guess the meaning of this lo va. Hence, collateral damage. performs an important semantic function. In addition, it also plays a significant role And listical role. The appearance of a secondary blow. where it is not necessary, evidence TV talks about vernacular style, for example: O hostel, at seven o'clock, nine o'clock. In addition to the unacceptable vernacular surroundings ac ki, such excessive stress makes speech tedious and difficult to sp riy.

Visual and expressive capabilities accents are widely used find comfort in journalistic and artistic works. The author gives persons as much he has a vivid description, showing the originality of his blow. and pronunciation. Social ts ional, professional affiliation of the character and the degree of his education. But, in a stylistically neutral speech, an indentation n not from literary norms is unacceptable. Normative verbal stress contributes to correct perception and action TV the meaning of the sounding word.

An important part of linguistics is orthoepy - the science that studies pronunciation. It is she who answers the question of whether to put emphasis in different cases. Without knowledge of this, competent oral speech is impossible. Incorrectly placed stress not only makes a person funny in the eyes of his interlocutors, but also seriously complicates the process of communication, because the word can ultimately change its meaning... Our article is devoted to the topic “Correct stress in words.” We will look at how to place accents correctly in this publication in more detail.

Word stress is the emphasis on one of the syllables of a word using the voice. Pronouncing a stressed vowel requires special tension in the organs of speech and phonation. The syllable pronounced with the greatest force is called stressed.

In addition to verbal stress, there is also syntagmic stress (emphasizes a certain word as part of a syntagma), phrasal (emphasizes syntagma in a phrase) and logical (emphasizes a word to emphasize its semantic dominance over others in a given context).

Types of word stress

Verbal stresses also have their own subtypes. The division is carried out taking into account what means and methods of production are used in a particular language. This is how they distinguish:

It should be noted that several acoustic means can be combined in the same stress. In addition, in different words of the same sentence, stress may appear more pronounced and vice versa.

Indication of stress on a letter

In addition to the specifics of the production, there are also different ways of notation. For example, in the international phonetic alphabet, stress is indicated by a vertical bar or a line on top before a syllable. In Russian, it is sometimes indicated by the sign “akut”, which is placed above. In English, a stroke is placed at the end of the word being stressed. In some dictionaries, stress is indicated by a combination of bold and

Accent in Russian

Stressed syllables in the Russian language have a longer pronunciation compared to other parts of the word. But the height of the highlighted vowel can change. Among the world's languages ​​there are many where stress is a stable and fixed thing. Like, for example, the French, who always highlight the last syllable in a word if it is pronounced separately. And in the whole phrase, all except the final words are unstressed. Only the last syllable of the rhythmic group (actually, the phrase) is highlighted.

There are no such patterns in Russian. The stress can fall on any syllable. Moreover, it can change in word forms. Therefore, placing accents correctly is not always easy. Especially for a person who is not a native speaker.

Who is having difficulties?

Of course, a person who was born and raised among native speakers of the literary Russian language, surrounded entirely by teachers, writers, university professors and other representatives of the intelligentsia, will never have big problems with accents. But are there many such people? Russia is huge, it is home to a large number of nationalities who communicate either in Surzhik or in their own dialects or languages. They have a hard time with literary speech.

And it’s even more difficult for Russian-speaking people living outside of Russia, where the influence of other languages ​​is strong. Well, of course, foreigners who come to the Russian Federation to work or for permanent residence often do not understand at all how to correctly put emphasis in a particular word. After all, there are no norms that determine the pattern of its arrangement in the Russian language as such!

Way out

What should a person do if he wants to place the correct emphasis on words? How to put them correctly in one case or another? If we are talking about a foreigner who moved to Russia, then communication with the indigenous population will help him (but not with the porters at the station, of course). You need to look for relevant areas, listen and remember. TV and radio stations are great help in this matter. As a rule, media administration monitors the literacy of its staff.

People living outside the Russian Federation will need a spelling dictionary or reference book, where they can always check the correct pronunciation. In addition, today there are all sorts of programs and Internet resources that help you quickly master literary Russian.

But problems arise not only for the above categories of citizens. Native Russians, who by and large know how to speak competently, also sometimes face a dilemma and do not know how to place the correct emphasis on words. How to put them correctly, for example, in foreign terms? Difficulties often arise with words that were previously pronounced one way, but are now pronounced differently... There are not many of them at all - about several dozen. But some are so deeply rooted in their delusion that even a linguist professor may have certain doubts!

Correct stress in words: how to correctly put stress in the word “calls”?

Probably the most textbook example of incorrect pronunciation is the word “ringing.” No matter how hard teachers try, no matter how hard comedians make fun of the ignorant, the mistake in the mouths of the people continues to live on. Well, our population doesn’t want to learn by heart how to put the correct emphasis in the word “calling”!

This may be due to the fact that in many literary works, old films, etc., the pronunciation of this word did not correspond to modern standards. And linguists are even thinking about whether they should meet the masses halfway and correct the rule? But so far this has not happened (and it is unknown whether this will be done in the future), and the word “calls” must be emphasized correctly. It falls on the second syllable. And nothing else.

Curd problem

Difficulties often arise with the word “cottage cheese”. Some pronounce it with emphasis on the first “o”, others - on the second... And there is a historical explanation for this. Because the term denoting this fermented milk product was pronounced differently at different times.

In the dictionaries of the nineteenth century, the norm is fixed, where the second syllable is stressed. And the famous linguist Dahl insists on the first. Over the past century, people persistently used both variants, and in the end linguists agreed that in the case of the word “cottage cheese” the correct stress would not be fixed. In principle, both one type of pronunciation and the other are considered correct. Both "o"s can be stressed.

Applies only to everyday life. And in official speeches of politicians, speeches of journalists, etc., it is preferable to use “cottage cheese” with the emphasis on the second syllable.

These words should be memorized

In addition to the two mentioned above, there are a number of words in the Russian language in the pronunciation of which errors are traditionally made. The following is a list of correct accents that you just need to memorize.

• Airport - stress on the fourth syllable.
• Pamper - on the last syllable.
• Turn on - stress on the second syllable.
• Development - on the second syllable.
• Money - emphasis on the second syllable.
• The agreement is on the last syllable.
• Absolutely - stress on the second syllable.
• Blinds - on the last syllable.
• Cork - stress on the second syllable.
• Stroke - on the second syllable.
• Catalog - stress on the last syllable.
• Quarter - on the last syllable.
• More beautiful is the emphasis on the second syllable.
• Providing - stress on the third syllable.
• Lighten - on the last syllable.
• On Wednesdays - emphasis on the last syllable.
• Having accepted - on the second syllable.
• Beet - stress on the first syllable.
• Plum - on the first syllable.
• Cakes - stress on the first syllable.
• Phenomenon - on the second syllable.
• Petition - stress on the second syllable.
• Scoop - on the first syllable.
• Sorrel - stress on the second syllable.

This list can be titled: “Speak correctly - put emphasis in the right places” - and hang it above your desk. Or above the bed to repeat before bed. Or on the bathroom mirror to start each morning off right. For a quick effect, it is advisable not just to read the words to yourself, but also to pronounce them out loud. And loud. And several times. It will only take a couple of weeks (and for some, maybe even days), and the correct pronunciation will harmoniously fit into spoken language. The main thing is desire, just a little effort - and everything will work out!

To determine where the stress falls in the word “plum” or “plum”, consider some patterns of stress placement in adjectives. Correct emphasis The only correct option is considered to be “plum”. What is the rule...

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The Russian language is simple and multifaceted, rich in expressive means, strong, powerful and beautiful. It is a pity that the majority of Russian citizens do not know their native speech. In fact, people who think they know the language they speak are not really that knowledgeable. However, our speech is an indicator of culture and education. An expensive suit or perfume will not make a person more attractive and pleasant without correct, competent speech. Not every person is ready to boast about something that does not evoke negative emotions in the interlocutor. For every area of ​​human activity, competent communication skills are necessary, so it is worth devoting at least a little time to studying his native means of communication.

Stress in Russian speech is the most difficult part of studying the course. In contrast to spelling, lexical and syntactic norms, and speech rules, the emphasis on vowel sounds by intonation implies a large number of exceptions to the rules rather than norms. But still, the rules of orthoepy, which are described in this section, help in how to correctly place stress in words.

Where do the correct accents come from?

Often the emphasis of a vowel intonationally depends on the etymology of the word, its part of speech. Thus, borrowed words obey one rule, Russian verbs – another, but this is systematized, thanks to the rules it is clear which vowel should be highlighted. Of course, you can check the stress online or look into the Russian stress dictionary, but it is unlikely that an explanation will be given or a rule written down that will make clear the pattern of highlighting vowels with intonation in similar words. Also in this section you can find a rhyme for memorizing the word that causes difficulties, so that the rule is forever etched in your memory.

What factors does a stressed vowel depend on?

Some words in Russian speech retain the stress on only one syllable, while in others the stressed vowel may be different, that is, several syllables are emphasized intonationally in some word forms. In this case, rules that systematize and subordinate the emphasis of vowels by intonation are of great help. For analysis and better identification of words that raise doubts about the placement of stress, examples of use are given.

Thus, speech is a system of interconnected elements that are united by special rules and are subject to them in order to facilitate the learning process. We should not forget that this is our main means of communication and interaction with other people, so you need to be able to speak correctly in order to be a good conversationalist. Knowledge of pronunciation norms shows the general cultural level of a person.

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Stress Dictionary: Where is the correct stress in words?

Accent online

The "AKnowLiVy" dictionary of accents contains more than 100,000 words. To find out where the emphasis falls, use the search!

Stress dictionary: how to correctly put stress in a word

To correctly place stress in a word, you cannot do without the help of an accent dictionary. Russian is absolutely amazing, sometimes strange and one of the hardest languages ​​in the world to learn.

Where is the correct stress when pronouncing words in spelling?

You can’t count all the subtleties of the Russian language. The free online dictionary for checking accents online, AZnaeteLiVy.ru, is designed to deal with the main ones, those related to orthoepy. Here, on the pages of the online dictionary, we online introduce those who are not indifferent to Russian grammar to the peculiarities of pronunciation of simple words, compound words, words whose appearance was contributed by dictionaries of other languages ​​and which cause difficulties in checking spelling especially often among native Russian speakers. For those who consider themselves a true expert in spelling, we recommend our online dictionary as an easy way to test your knowledge of the basics of spelling online.

Where and where does the stress fall in words?

First published several decades ago in print dictionary in orthoepy simplified checking the correct pronunciation of words. By using our online dictionary to check accents, you will always know where the stress falls and where the stress is in the word.

Orthoepy is a branch of linguistics that studies the rules of pronunciation of words and reflects them in the dictionary. Stress is one of the concepts of the rules for checking spelling. It is easy to assess the importance of stress for the dictionary of orthoepy using the example of the word “chains”: when the emphasis is on the first syllable of the word, the plural is meant (chains), on the second, the case of the word changes (which means “chains”). By changing the intonation emphasis it is just as easy to change the meaning of a phrase.

The peculiarity of Russian orthoepy is that its verification is not based on the general principles of the Russian language, which in the overwhelming majority of cases establishes clear rules. The principles of orthoepy were developed independently over many years, long before the advent of the online dictionary of orthoepy, and continue to be established now. Generally accepted rules of pronunciation are “shaken,” and variant words appear with the emphasis on a different syllable. Regular changes in pronunciation norms further complicate the already difficult check of stress in words.

What is the emphasis in the word?

Using our online spelling dictionary, checking the correct stress in words online is easy and convenient. To find out how to emphasize the syllable of any word according to current language requirements, simply enter what you are looking for in the online search form. The base of our online dictionary for checks the placement of accents is collected on the basis of a dozen publications. Among them are the orthoepic dictionaries of Avanesov and Ozhegov from 1955 and 1960, the dictionary of Ageenko F.D. from 1983, dated 2003, a dictionary on orthoepic authorship by L.A. Verbitskaya. Our online spelling dictionary covers over 100,000 thousand words. Periodically, the virtual database of our dictionary for checking stress in words is updated. If the rules of spelling or the placement of stress in any of the words have changed, after checking the corresponding changes are reflected in our online dictionary for checking stress online. This makes spell checking on online dictionary pages even more accurate.

Checking stress on the website of the online dictionary aZnaeteLiVy.ru is available around the clock. Learn the placement of stress online without studying the intricacies of the orthoepy of the Russian language - use the check for stress in words using our online dictionary.

Orthoepic dictionary of accents aZnaeteLiVy.ru: find out how to correctly put stress in a word!