How tall should a Muslim statue be? Muslim monuments on the grave

Muslim monuments, the facts about which you did not know. First of all, it is worth knowing that the Islamic religion has its own understanding of death. For a Muslim, his death is not something terrible, and it cannot be unexpected. People of this religion perceive death as an inevitable phenomenon. It is believed that a good Muslim, who during his life belonged to Allah, after death returns to him. Regret about this is prohibited. Muslim funerals should be modest and discreet. Unlike Christians, Muslims do not openly grieve and cry loudly. Only women and children are allowed to shed tears for the dead. Since after death the deceased goes to Allah and prosperity is granted to him, it is forbidden to write sad words about the death of the deceased, regrets and promises to grieve for him for a long time on Muslim monuments. A Muslim monument in a cemetery should look modest, without frills and pathos. It has only one function - to indicate that a person is buried in this place. The tradition of marking the place of burial originates in one of the hadiths. It says that after the death of Uthman ibn Mazun, the Prophet put a stone in his place of burial and said that now he would know where the grave of his brother was. It is also forbidden by the Koran to step on the graves and burial places of Muslims. On the graves of ordinary Muslims, it is allowed to indicate the name of the dead only to designate them. Writing the date of death is undesirable (makruh), but is permitted. The question of whether it is possible to decorate the graves with inscriptions from the Koran or engrave the words of the Prophet is also controversial. Recently, such engravings in Muslim cemeteries are very common. But if we turn to history, it becomes clear that this is haram (sin). According to one of the hadiths, it is impossible to engrave the words of the Prophet, suras and verses of the Koran, because over time the graves can be leveled to the ground and people will walk on them. The words of the Prophet can thus be defiled. It is strictly forbidden to build crypts, mausoleums and tombs on the grave. Sharia prohibits the erection of monuments that are too beautiful and demonstrate the wealth of relatives. It is believed that different monuments and lavishly decorated graves can cause quarrels between the dead. This will prevent them from enjoying the welfare granted by Allah after death. For a long time, the mosque has allowed not only to write the name of the deceased and the date of his death on the monuments, but now it is allowed to indicate some symbols. On men's monuments, a crescent can be depicted, and on women's - flowers (their number means the number of children). The question of which direction the monument should face is fundamentally important for Muslims. The grave must be constructed in such a way that it is possible to place the deceased in it facing Mecca. This tradition is strictly forbidden to be violated, and the mosque treats its observance extremely strictly. Accordingly, the monument is installed only with the front side to the east. For this reason, in Muslim cemeteries, all the monuments face only one direction. Passing through these cemeteries, it is very easy to determine the direction. The east side is always where all the structures on the graves face.

In Islam, they believe that the deceased believer belonged to Allah during his lifetime, and now he simply returns to him in order to receive eternal prosperity. Death is an inevitability, the attitude towards it is largely fatalistic. There is nothing to regret. Therefore, Muslim funerals are held with restraint, without open manifestations of grief. Only children and women are allowed to cry.

The Muslim monument to the grave is made for the same reasons, in contrast to the Orthodox and Catholics, for whom a beautiful, richly decorated monument is evidence of reverence for the deceased. From the point of view of the followers of Islam, respect for the deceased should be shown in fervent prayers for him, and not in spending big money on a luxurious stele. Sharia prohibits the construction of a tomb, a mausoleum with a crescent on a spire, a crypt. It is believed that the magnificent decorations of the monument and the structures above it will cause quarrels between the deceased. This will prevent them from enjoying the prosperity that Allah will give to a person after death.

A Muslim monument in a cemetery should be modest, without exquisite architectural forms and stucco decorations. Most often it is made in the form of a rectangular vertical slab, usually rounded in the upper part or in the shape of a mosque dome. The monument can be made of any kind of granite and marble of your choice. By ordering a Muslim monument made of colored granite, you will receive a simple and concise product. Thus, you will not only distinguish the grave of a loved one from the rest, but also observe all the canons of Muslim traditions. After all, the purpose of the monument is to point to the place of burial, and nothing more.

The designation of the place where the deceased was buried, with a monument on the grave, is done according to the hadith (text about any episode from the life of the Prophet), which says the following. After the death of Uthman ibn Mazun, Muhammad placed a stone where the body was buried. Then he said - now he will always know where his brother rests. Another reason is that it is forbidden in the Koran to step on the graves of the faithful. Therefore, such places are marked with monuments so as not to violate the canons of the Holy Book.

Just as concise, according to the precepts of the Prophet, should be the design of a Muslim monument. Today, the mosque allows you to depict a brief inscription on the stele - the name and surname of the deceased, the dates of his birth and death, as well as some symbols. For men - a star and a crescent, for women - flowers. Their number corresponds to the number of children.

There should be no photographs on a Muslim monument, as well as inscriptions about the grief of relatives, promises to regret the death of the deceased for a long time. In Islam, it is believed that images of animals and people cause the faithful to forget about Allah and become insane. They begin to worship these very images and do not want to honor the True God. True, modern ministers of Islam are not too strict about this ban.

The prohibition to engrave words from the Holy Book on the tombstone is also not always observed now. Recently, on Muslim monuments, one can increasingly see sayings from the Koran in Arabic. Among theologians, this issue is still controversial. According to opponents of the inscriptions, according to Islamic teachings, it is impossible to write ayats and suras on burial stones. A lot of time will pass, the plates may fall, someday even level with the surface. Strangers, out of ignorance, will step on the monuments sprinkled with earth and thereby defile the words of the Prophet.

Coming to Kazan, it is impossible to ignore the Muslim traditions that have been closely woven into the history of this Russian republic for several centuries. Wedding and funeral rites here have their own characteristics, which largely do not coincide with Christian traditions, both on the external and on the internal (spiritual) level.

It was interesting for me to study these moments on the example of the theme of death.

All Muslim holidays, customs and traditions are closely connected with the Koran - the holy book of all believers in Allah. Sharia, which rules are based on scripture, prescribes special burial rules, in many respects different from ours.

When a Muslim is on the verge of death, special funeral rites are performed on him. They are very complex and must be carried out under the guidance of clergy and accompanied by special prayers.

From features. Dead Muslims are never cremated. According to Muslim tradition, cremation is compared with a terrible punishment - burning in hell. Immediately after death, the following rite must be performed over the body of a Muslim: tie up the chin, close the eyes, straighten the arms and legs, cover the face and put something heavy on the stomach to avoid swelling. Then follows the rite of washing and washing with water, in which at least four people must take part.

A Muslim is buried without clothes, the body is wrapped in a white shroud (kafan), consisting of three parts for a man and five parts for a woman. The deceased should be buried as soon as possible at the nearest cemetery. The body of a Muslim is buried without a coffin, they are lowered into the grave with their feet down, they are laid with their heads to the north, facing towards Mecca, the woman is covered with a veil so that her shroud is not visible. Throwing a handful of earth into the grave, a Muslim recites an ayat from the Koran (“We all belong to God and return to Him”).

The buried grave should rise four fingers above the ground. The grave is poured with water and a handful of earth is thrown on it seven times, reading the ayah. In all prayers, and especially those said immediately after the funeral, the name of the deceased should often be mentioned, only good things should be said about him. These prayers are designed to alleviate the position of the deceased in front of the upcoming “underground judgment”.

It is strictly forbidden by Shariah to bury a Muslim in a non-Muslim cemetery, and vice versa, a non-Muslim in a Muslim cemetery.

The Muslim cemetery also has its own characteristics. The modern burial place outwardly practically does not differ from ours, but the old cemeteries are completely different.

There are several ancient cemeteries in Kazan. We visited one of them, located on the outskirts of the city in the Admiralteyskaya Sloboda. This is a very beautiful location and a very ancient place in Kazan. Previously, this area was called Bishbalta, which means "five axes" (five as the sacred number of Muslims - the number of daily prayers and prayers and axes as a symbol of what people did here - carpenters and lumberjacks lived here). It is believed that this place has existed for more than one thousand years.

The cemetery, which is located overlooking the Volga, formed during the heyday of the Kazan Khanate. It is notable for the fact that it contains burials dating back to 1320.

For a long time, the cemetery was not marked and fenced in any way. As described on the local forum, “Chaos reigns on the territory of ancient burials - broken and desecrated tombstones, on which kebabs are made, tombstones that have been broken out and prepared for someone as a cottage, trampled burial places, tombstones uprooted or simply broken in half. Many Kazanians do not honor the territory of the ancient cemetery. kebabs are fried in the yards, and the three fences at the entrance have apparently been serving as shooting ranges for a long time, and here they are shooting at empty bottles."

We were lucky to see all of the above, but after some time. The fence appeared, although it is very easy to squeeze through it inside. At the entrance there is a monument telling what kind of place it is. Otherwise, everything is as described - complete devastation, rubbish, very few surviving tombstones.

But it is a historical and cultural monument. Through the inscriptions on tombstones, one could learn a lot about history: a couple of centuries ago, not only the date of death, but also philosophical discussions about life were put on the stones. These tombstones are the classic and most correct version of how the tombstone of a deceased Muslim should look like. Simply, without a photograph, indicating ancestors up to the fifth generation, no words of grief. But more on that later.

The feeling that a bulldozer passed through the cemetery. I have never seen such vandalism in any old cemetery. Everything looks even better. And here the earth is dug up, all the stones are scattered. The tombstones have been broken. Although in some places one can feel the "hand of improvement". This is how the paths along the cemetery are laid out. Only on them you can go without tripping over someone's grave.

This is the view from the cemetery. I'm surprised this place hasn't been cleared for construction at all.

And this is the location of the cemetery on the map.

For comparison, I could not visit functioning modern Muslim cemetery.
Its main feature is that, without exception, all the graves and tombstones are turned towards Mecca, and there are no photographs on the monuments, this is prohibited by religion. The epitaphs on the monuments are strict, limited to words from the Koran, general information about the deceased person and the date of his death. Such modesty in the design of the graves is dictated by funeral traditions and rituals, rooted in the times of the nomadic life of Muslims. Various tomb structures (mausoleums, tombs, crypts) are not approved by Shariah.

Now let's see how it really is. Yes, we see the photos.

Instead of temporary wooden crosses, as is customary with us, such boards with a sign are placed in such a cemetery. Sometimes they are never replaced by stone tombstones.

Pretty pretentious.

Photo again.

No crosses, just a crescent. But does this mean that only Muslims are buried here? Given the non-observance of traditions, I'm not sure. Or people themselves allow such indulgences. Unfortunately, I did not know the exact answer to this interesting question.

More special moments. Passing by a cemetery, a Muslim usually reads a surah from the Koran, and the location of the graves helps him determine the direction in which he should turn his face.

When deciding what to write on a monument for a Muslim, it is better to focus on the words of the Prophet and the famous suras of the Koran. It is uncharacteristic and unacceptable to address the deceased with words of love, promises of loved ones to remember and grieve for him. The attitude towards death in Islam is more strict and fatalistic than in Orthodoxy: death does not bypass anyone, and this should not be forgotten. When dying, a faithful Muslim returns to Allah, to whom he belongs during his lifetime, and it is unworthy to express regret about this in the inscriptions on the monuments.

In addition, national patterns are welcome in the design of the tombstone, often the name of the deceased is written in Arabic. All this without frills.

Found some very ancient samples. in Tatar.

And in Arabic. Traditional tombstones, similar to those we saw in the ancient cemetery.

And a few pretentious, very similar to ours.

With words from the Quran.

A little intimidating.

And as a conclusion, I note that I was extremely interested to know and see all this.
I hope you had fun too.

Muslim monuments on the grave. About the image of the deceased in combination with inscriptions in Arabic.

It is natural for every person to want to bury the deceased according to their traditions. Our cemeteries are as multinational as our country. Only by the monuments you can understand who exactly lies here: Orthodox or Muslim. Each religion has its own attitude towards death. If Orthodoxy is characterized by a certain colorful funeral, then for Muslims this is simply unacceptable. Islam is a strict and special religion, while it is interesting for its unusualness and ancient foundations.

Our cemeteries are as multinational as our country.

How Muslims erect monuments

The peculiarity of Islam in relation to death itself. It is enough to look at what Muslim monuments are on the grave in the photo to understand this attitude. For Muslims, death cannot be unexpected or sudden. For them, death is a mandatory and inevitable phenomenon for ascension to the Paradise of Allah. Therefore, the photo of Muslim monuments - tombstones does not contain any decorations. The maximum that they can afford is to make the top of the monument in the form of a minaret or the dome of a mosque.

By tradition, a monument to the grave of a Muslim should be as discreet as possible, without photographs. Initially, Islam strictly forbade depicting faces, and even today Sharia is inexorable. This is especially strict among the Tatars, since this nation is considered the most zealous in the implementation of the canons of Islam. A photo of Tatar monuments on the grave shows exclusively monolithic tombstones, mainly made of dark marble or granite.

However, modern trends have made an amendment and the mosque began to allow making images of faces and even animals at the request of relatives. The inscription on the monument remained obligatory. Usually this is an engraving of the word of the Prophet or excerpts from Muslim suras in Arabic.

But according to other sources:

It is important to note that to mark the grave, it is not forbidden to write on it the name (of the deceased). However, opinions on carving verses of the Qur'an vary, ranging from makruh (undesirable) to haram (forbidden). Therefore, it is better not to carve (on the grave) verses of the Qur'an as a sign of respect for the Word of Allah.
It is allowed to mark the graves with stones or sticks, as mentioned in the hadith narrated by Ibn Majay. In this hadith, Anas narrated the following words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him): “I was able to recognize the grave of Ibn Mazun by the stone that marked it.”
Further, it was narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) forbade covering the graves with plaster, sitting on them or building anything on top of them.
In another version, he also forbade stepping on graves. In the version of An-Nisai, the Prophet forbade building anything over the graves, attaching anything to them, covering them with plaster and writing on them.
This indicates that it is forbidden to make any inscriptions on the graves. According to Imams Ahmad and Ash-Shafi'i, the Prophet's order not to write anything on the graves should be understood in such a way that such inscriptions are makruh (undesirable), no matter what is written there - the verses of the Koran or the name of the buried person. However, the scholars of the Shafi school add that if this is the grave of a famous scholar or righteous man, then it is even worth writing his name on it or marking it - and this will be a commendable deed.
Imam Malik believed that writing the verses of the Qur'an on the graves is haram, and writing the name and date of death is makruh.
Scientists of the Hanafi school believed that writing something on the grave was possible only in order to indicate its location, and any other inscriptions on it were generally undesirable.
And Ibn Hazm even considered that writing the name of the deceased on a stone is not makruh.
According to the aforementioned hadith, writing verses of the Qur'an on graves is forbidden (haram), especially considering that these graves are level with the ground and people can step on them.

Where the monument is placed among the Muslims and in which direction it should be turned is the most important moment. The monument can only be installed in such a way that its front part is turned only to the east, to Mecca itself. This is an unshakable tradition and the mosque treats this strictly.

Sharia does not allow to put beautiful Muslim monuments on the grave, if we talk about tradition. Faith teaches that beauty, crypts, various tombstones bring discord among the dead believers and prevent them from enjoying the prosperity granted to them by Allah. Therefore, it is prescribed that all monuments be strict and restrained in decoration. The mosque allows Muslim women to engrave a bouquet of flowers according to the number of children, for men a crescent.

Prayers.

Dua for the deceased
Translation of the meaning: O Allah, Your servant and the son of Your servant needed Your mercy, and You do not need his torment! If he did good deeds, then add them to him, and if he did bad deeds, then do not charge him!
Translit:
Allahumma, "abdu-kya wa-bnu ama-ti-kya ikhtadzhya ilya rahmati-kya, wa Anta ganiyun "an" azabi-khi!

Dua for the deceased
Translation of the meaning: O Allah, forgive him, and have mercy on him, and deliver him (from the torment and temptations of the grave.), and show him mercy, and give him a good reception (that is, make his lot in paradise good), and make his grave spacious, and wash him with water, snow and hail, and cleanse him of sins, as You cleanse white clothes from dirt, and give him in return a house better than his house, and a family better than his family and his wife better than his wife, and bring him into paradise and protect him from the torment of the grave and from the torment of fire!
Translit:
Allahumma-gfir la-hu (la-ha), va-rham-hu (ha), wa "afi-hi (ha), wa-"fu" an-hu (ha), wa akrim nuzula-hu (ha), wa vassi "mudhala-hu (ha), wa-gsil-hu (ha) bi-l-ma" and, wa-s-salji wa-l-baradi, wa nak-ky-hi (ha ) min al-hataya kya-ma nakkaita- s-sauba-l-abyada min ad-danasi, wa ab-dil-hu (ha) daran khairan min dari-khi (ha), wa ahlyan khairan min akhlihi (ha), wa dzhan khairan min zaudzhi-hi (ha), wa adhyl-hu (ha) -l-jannata wa a "iz-hu (ha) ) min "azabi-l-kabri wa" azabi-n-nari! (In parentheses are feminine endings when praying for a deceased woman)

The most detailed description: a prayer for a Muslim monument - for our readers and subscribers.

Muslim monuments. About portraits and inscriptions.

Muslim monuments on the grave. About the image of the deceased in combination with inscriptions in Arabic.

Our cemeteries are as multinational as our country.

How Muslims erect monuments

But according to other sources:

It is allowed to mark the graves with stones or sticks, as mentioned in the hadith narrated by Ibn Majay. In this hadith, Anas narrated the following words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him): “I was able to recognize the grave of Ibn Mazun by the stone that marked it.”

In another version, he also forbade stepping on graves. In the version of An-Nisai, the Prophet forbade building anything over the graves, attaching anything to them, covering them with plaster and writing on them.

This indicates that it is forbidden to make any inscriptions on the graves. According to Imams Ahmad and Ash-Shafi'i, the Prophet's order not to write anything on the graves should be understood in such a way that such inscriptions are makruh (undesirable), no matter what is written there - the verses of the Koran or the name of the buried person. However, the scholars of the Shafi school add that if this is the grave of a famous scholar or righteous man, then it is even worth writing his name on it or marking it - and this will be a commendable deed.

Imam Malik believed that writing the verses of the Qur'an on the graves is haram, and writing the name and date of death is makruh.

Scientists of the Hanafi school believed that writing something on the grave was possible only in order to indicate its location, and any other inscriptions on it were generally undesirable.

And Ibn Hazm even considered that writing the name of the deceased on a stone is not makruh.

According to the aforementioned hadith, writing verses of the Qur'an on graves is forbidden (haram), especially considering that these graves are level with the ground and people can step on them.

Where the Muslim monument is placed and in which direction it should be turned is the most important moment. The monument can only be installed in such a way that its front part is turned only to the east, to Mecca itself. This is an unshakable tradition and the mosque treats this strictly.

Translation of the meaning: O Allah, Your servant and the son of Your servant needed Your mercy, and You do not need his torment! If he did good deeds, then add them to him, and if he did bad deeds, then do not charge him!

Allahumma, ‘abdu-kya wa-bnu ama-ti-kya ihtajya ilya rahmati-kya, wa Anta ganiyun ‘an ‘azabi-khi! In kyana mukhsiyan, fazid fi hasanati-khi, wa in kyana musi'an, fa tadjavaz ‘an-hu!

Translation of the meaning: O Allah, forgive him, and have mercy on him, and deliver him (from the torment and temptations of the grave.), and show him mercy, and give him a good reception (that is, make his lot in paradise good), and make his grave spacious, and wash him with water, snow and hail, and cleanse him of sins, as You cleanse white clothes from dirt, and give him in return a house better than his house, and a family better than his family and his wife better than his wife, and bring him into paradise and protect him from the torment of the grave and from the torment of fire!

Allahhumma-gfir la-hu (la-ha), wa-rham-hu (ha), wa ‘afi-hi (ha), wa-‘fu ‘an-hu (ha), wa akrim nuzula-hu (ha), wa vassi’ mudhala-hu (ha), wa-gsil-hu (ha) bi-l-ma’i, wa-s-salji wa-l-baradi, wa nak-ky-hi (ha ) min al-khataya kya-ma nakkaita- s-sauba-l-abyada min ad-danasi, wa ab-dil-hu(ha) daran khairan min dari-hi(ha), wa ahlyan khairan min akhlihi(ha), wa dzhan-zhan khairan min zaudji-hi(ha), wa adhyl-hu(ha)-l-jannata wa a’yz-hu(ha) ) min ‘azabi-l-kabri wa ‘azabi-n-nari! (In parentheses are feminine endings when praying for a deceased woman)

Prayer at the monument to a Muslim.

Regards, Yuri.

Bismillah rahmani rahim. - this is the beginning of all beginnings. this is where prayer begins. when a person is born, when he dies. every business starts with this

Epitaphs religious

Religious epitaphs express belief in God and the afterlife. Inscriptions on the monument to Christians, Jews, Muslims. Verses and quotes from the Bible and Koran.

To whom were you dear in life,

To whom he gave his love

Those for your rest

They will pray again and again.

Without the present, but with the future!

May God give you strength and courage!

May God grant you unity, steadfastness and virtue!

Bear, Lord, sins and atrocities

Above Your mercy!

Slave /(slave) earth and vain desires

Forgive sins for his sorrows /(her) !

Now your servant is being released /(your slaves) Lord according to your word with the world.

his memory /(her) forever in blessing!

Once upon a time, death reconciled Jesus with humanity.

In Your light, Lord, we see the light!

Do not remember the sins of my youth and my crimes; but in Your mercy remember me!

Life is like a dance, like a flight

In a whirlwind of light and movement.

I believe that death is only a transition.

I know there will be a sequel.

In His goodness, the Lord grants us what we wanted. The whole epitaph:

From now on, everyone answers for himself:

I am before God, you are before people!

Where is the virtue? Where is the beauty?

Who will trace her traces here?

Alas, here is the door to heaven:

Hidden in it - yes the sun will meet!

Why not to the faces, crumpled by old age,

You came, Death, and plucked my flower?

Then there is no shelter in heaven

Stained with decay and depravity.

I will rejoice in the Lord and rejoice in the God of my salvation!

For God, everyone is alive!

My hope is in You, Lord!

The sons of men in the shadow of Your wings, O Lord, are at rest!

My flesh will rest in hope; for You will not leave my soul in hell!

Southern Memorial Company - Manufacturing of monuments

Muslim

MUSLIM MONUMENTS

Headstone collection Muslim monuments according to the canons of Sharia in a modern version.

The catalog contains Muslim grave monuments from black granite. At your request, it is possible to make a tombstone marble, or from granite of other colors (for example, from red, gray or green granite) according to the sketches of the catalog.

From 17 000 rub. From 17 000 rub. From 20 000 rub. From 21 000 rub. From 20 000 rub. From 25 000 rub.

DECOR

How to issue muslim monument It's up to you to decide, and we offer you some possible design options for a Muslim monument.

Muslim monuments are issued in a laconic style. On Muslim monument do not write epitaphs, and other mournful inscriptions, because this contradicts the very idea of perceiving death in Islam.

An inscription with the Muslim name of the deceased and the date of his death is applied to the stone stele in Arabic script. In addition, you can engrave on the monument the image of the crescent and your chosen surah from the Koran or prayer.