The most correct for speech breathing is when inhalation and exhalation is carried out by increasing and decreasing the chest in the transverse and longitudinal directions. It does this by contracting the diaphragm of the respiratory muscles and the abdominal muscles. It is believed that this breathing is the basis for speech breathing.

How to learn how to build correct sentences?

Buy a beautiful notebook or a common notebook. Write down in it all the phrases, phrases, aphorisms and words that make you sympathetic.

Start a personal diary. Dedicate several hours of time to describing in it the events that happened to you during the day.

Read good literature (Dostoevsky, Pasternak, Bulgakov, Tolstoy, Pushkin). Various beautiful proposals will automatically be put aside in your head, which you will be able to rebuild later and boldly use in any situation.

Get some good dictionaries and any book on the culture of speech. The best choice is the writer Rosenthal D.E. He has many useful books that are worthy of your attention.

Confidence when speaking

"Connect" your powers of observation: people will treat you the way you treat yourself! That is why such a component as confidence is simply necessary for you!

Try to look directly into the eyes of your interlocutor. This will increase your level of self-confidence. An insecure person constantly looks away somewhere to the side, as if he is experiencing unreasonable fear.

Call the interlocutor when talking by name. His name is the "magic word" that will leave a great impression on you. If you don't remember the name of the person you're talking to, ask them correctly about their name.

Don't brag about your intellectual abilities. Be simple, express yourself in a language understandable to a person. With its simplicity, you will conquer any interlocutor. He will give you compliments that will surely add a little more confidence to the “piggy bank” of life experience.

How to properly expand vocabulary?

Open a book that "fits" a huge number of pages. Read every word you read. Try to memorize more and more new sentences, verbs, adjectives. Reading contributes to the passive accumulation of vocabulary.

Learn by heart poems, excerpts from texts, stories, prose, fairy tales, lyrics, parables, fables .... You can use various audio books, fiction. You can download it for free from the Internet. If so, it will be more convenient for you to perceive the information. Movies and videos are also a good option.

Communicate with people often (in reality and in the virtual world, both in Russian and in English). Use more and more new words in communication, manipulate synonyms.

Write essays and essays. What topics to choose? Those that are closer to you in spirit and content.

Speech technique - Orthoepy

Orthoepy is a set of rules for speech pronunciation, which has been recognized as exemplary since the 19th century.

For any conversation of a business nature, speech technique is of paramount importance. Its components are: correct literary pronunciation, diction, speech breathing, intonation, speech hearing, stressed syllable and correct stress.

Speech technique is the skill of business communication through language structures that are built on the basis of the pitch, tone, strength and euphony of the voice.

Correct diction when speaking will help to speak beautifully

Diction is the clarity and clarity of speech pronunciation. Sometimes you have to fight for good diction.

Start with a warm-up exercise. Take a small pencil in your teeth. Speak a phrase that consists of at least a dozen words. Don't stop holding the pencil firmly. Take it out and repeat the same phrase.

Do some diaphragm training. Choose any vowel. Take a deep breath. As you exhale, "stretch" (voice) the chosen letter until your breath is over. Try to repeat this exercise at least several times a day.

“In short” is pronounced by hypersocial people who do not control the degree of their talkativeness. Their desire to "shorten" speech is never crowned with success.

“By the way” belongs to those who feel uncomfortable, but want to stay at least for a while in the very center of attention.

The greatest sympathy is caused by people who observe the average conversational speed. Such people are classified as responsible and reliable individuals. It is associated with logic, consistency and awareness. However, the speed of speech is almost impossible to change, since it depends on temperament.

Normal speech speed is sixty to one hundred words per minute. Make sure that this figure also applies to your speech. Take a stopwatch and a voice recorder in your hands. Choose a text and read it for sixty seconds. So you will know what speed is "hidden" in your speech. Do everything to ensure that the indicators are normal (sixty words per minute).

Gestures and facial expressions in the presentation of their thoughts

Gestures are an "extra" language. Remember: there shouldn't be too many of them. Learn to control your own body so as not to annoy or alienate others with your gestures. Watch every movement, think over all gestures (from small to sweeping). Mimicry is that charm that can enhance the power of perception. Stand in front of a mirror and practice. This is the so-called "mirror training".

Appearance will help influence others when talking

The environment in which you are, should match your appearance. Give him special attention. Remember the ancient proverb about what is greeted by clothes ...? Well, then you know. The following idea of ​​your person depends on your ability to communicate.

Literature for the study and practical training of speech technology

(Mortimer Adler) Book: The Art of Speaking and Listening.

(Nikolskaya Svetlana) "Speech technique".

(James Humes) Book: Secrets of Great Orators.

(Lapteva Elena) "600 exercises for the development of diction."

(Rom Natalia) "I want to speak beautifully!".

Minimize the pronunciation of foreign words in public. Many citizens are extremely negative about them.

Write down the abstracts of your upcoming speech on a piece of paper. Supplement each paragraph with subparagraphs and notes if something important comes to mind.

Perform on your territory, if possible. And if it is not, then go to the place of performance and study it. You need to look at it, get used to it.

Practice speaking in front of a mirror. Three times is the minimum number of workouts per day.

Unleash your abilities... -

Correctly expressing your thoughts and speaking beautifully is the key to successful communication in society, which you can learn at any age. In order for others to understand perfectly and there are no awkward pauses, one should train not only diction, but also “pump” the brain.

Components of literate speech

Interaction between people occurs through speech. Communication skills in society directly depend on how developed it is. In addition, correct and beautiful speech is the key to understanding the transmitted thoughts by others, and, accordingly, a higher chance of being able to convey your thoughts and desires as accurately as possible.

There are also a number of reasons why it is vital to learn how to express yourself correctly:

• to be able to convey their thoughts and get correct answers to the questions asked;
• for development and learning: in order to gain new knowledge, one should be able to correctly formulate requests;
• to achieve success in professional activities;
• for the development of structured thinking.

Beautiful and competent speech includes several main “components”, without which it is difficult to achieve understanding of others:

1. Diction is a fundamental component of beautiful speech. Clearly set diction allows you to speak correctly and clearly, which gives the listener an excellent opportunity to understand the speaker.
2. Proper breathing - thanks to this skill, speech will turn out to be smooth and measured, without long pauses and “gasping for air” at the most crucial moment.
3. Conciseness - you should not "burden" the speech with complex terms, incomprehensible phrases and long sentences. It is rightly said that "brevity is the sister of talent." Guided by this statement, everything that will “cut the ear” to the listener should be excluded from the speech and only important facts should be left.
4. Content is the essence of the conversation, which should be kept throughout the conversation. Do not jump from thought to thought, trying to capture as much information as possible. It is better to do this gradually, without changing the original meaning of the transmitted information.
5. Logic is the most important "detail" of intelligent conversation. You can have an arbitrarily rich vocabulary of words, but not be able to apply them in practice. The logic of presentation lies in the ability to formulate thoughts into complete sentences so that the listener from the first time catches the essence of what was said.
6. Vocabulary - in fact, without it in any way. To be able to express your emotions, desires and feelings sufficiently, you need to know how to describe all this in words. Therefore, a rich vocabulary is a companion of beautiful and competent speech.
7. Oratory - free speech in public and the ability to beautifully and expressively present oneself and one's thoughts is valued in society. Talented speakers can convince listeners of anything, inspire them to new actions and motivate them. Therefore, such a skill is useful both at work and at school.

Logophobia - what is it?

Speech helps to be a full-fledged member of society. But there are a number of cases when communications become more complicated - among such disorders, logophobia is singled out.

Logophobia (aka glossophobia) is a pathological anxiety disorder in which the patient is afraid to speak. Most often, the fear of speaking occurs in people with speech defects (stuttering). With the formation of this phobia in a person, self-esteem is significantly reduced, self-doubt develops.

Gradually, a patient with established logophobia becomes alienated from the outside world, confining himself to a narrow comfort zone. He is afraid to enter into a dialogue with others, as he is very worried about what impression he makes. In addition, society is not always tolerant of this kind of problem - many may perceive a stutterer with derision, which only aggravates their unstable mental state.

It should be noted that there are 3 types of stuttering:

1. Neurotic - is formed after a strong nervous shock or psychological trauma. It can occur at any age and is aggravated by excitement. Thus, stuttering is exacerbated in stressful situations and may be completely absent in casual conversation.
2. Neurosis-like - a type of stuttering, which is formed as a result of organic pathologies of the brain. In this case, logophobia becomes the result of another disease - a person hears his speech, he does not like it, after which an inferiority complex and a fear of speaking out in public develop.
3. Mixed - the most common type of stuttering. Initially, the patient is diagnosed with neurosis-like stuttering, after which, over time, the patient begins to experience embarrassment when expressing his thoughts. This becomes the "soil" for the formation of logophobia, which further acts as an "amplifier" of stuttering. Thus, the more a person is afraid to speak, the more he stutters.

Interesting to know! According to the American Psychiatric Organization, about 90% of speakers experience difficulties in expressing their own thoughts.

In addition to stuttering, there are a number of genetic and social prerequisites that contribute to the development of logophobia. Genetic "catalysts" include:

• general level of anxiety;
• strength or weakness of the nervous system;
• temperament type;
• general mobility of mental processes.

If we talk about social factors influencing the emergence of fear of speaking, we should highlight the following:

• dysfunctional upbringing (too strict parents teach the baby to listen more than speak on their own);
• psychological trauma associated with the harsh reaction of society to the patient’s incorrect statements - for example, the object of the study made a semantic or speech error when presenting a report to a wide audience, he was ridiculed and the brain decided “not to get into such a situation”;
• inability to accept criticism and fear of being ridiculed;
• feeling of inferiority.

The danger of a phobia lies in the fact that a person with a developed fear of speaking in public may have not only communicative, but also other problems:

• the formation of low self-esteem;
• the risk of developing social phobia;
• attempts to avoid public places;
• "escape" from responsibility;
• refusal of a prestigious job and a decrease in the standard of living;
• limited comfort zone;
• constant psycho-emotional stress.

To avoid unpleasant consequences, you should start getting rid of fear in time.

In order to learn to clearly and clearly express thoughts, as well as to have a beautiful and understandable speech, you should pay attention to 3 main factors: diction, concentration of attention on a specific object and horizons.

Diction control

Almost every child under the age of 6 faces diction problems. At the stage of formation of the speech apparatus, it is quite simple to solve this issue with the help of a visit to a speech therapist or simple home exercises. At an older age, it is much more difficult to train diction - the snag lies in the established habits of speaking incorrectly.

But, despite the difficulties, even at a conscious age, beautiful speech can be developed. To do this, follow a speech therapy technique consisting of 4 simple steps.

Articulation training

The organs of articulation include lips, teeth, alveoli, palate, tongue and jaws. These organs are involved in the process of speech production and voice formation.

Their development occurs with the help of simple exercises that are recommended to be performed in front of a mirror. Each exercise should be repeated 10-15 times daily for 1 month.

1. With your mouth wide open, begin to rotate your jaw clockwise and then counterclockwise. After circular movements, move the jaw to the right and left, fixing it in each position for 3-4 seconds.
2. You should imagine that you are yawning. Moreover, each “yawn” should be accompanied by sounds - AAH, EEKH, UUH.
3. To draw air into the genus, “blowing out the cheeks” at the same time. After that, release the air, while making the characteristic sound "poof". Next, repeat the exercise with cheek puffing, without gaining air.
4. Take a little air on the cheeks and “roll” it around the lips from one side to the other, without opening your mouth.
5. Stretch your upper lip to your nose, then take a break and relax your muscles. Next, stretch your lower lip to your chin. Alternate exercises 10-15 times each.
6. Having taken a vertical position, relax your lips. Next, you need to “draw” an apple in the air with your lips. After repeating the “drawing” with all moving parts of the face - eyebrows and eyes.

Logopedic massage

This technique is used not only to improve the functioning of the speech apparatus, but also for the following purposes:

• correction of sound pronunciation;
• strengthening the vocal cords;
• normalization of breathing;
• strengthening pharyngeal reflexes;
• elimination of stuttering.

With hypotension, the following massage technique is used:

1. Lightly rub the cheeks in the direction from the sinuses to the temples.
2. Then continue to knead the cheeks towards the auricles with rotational movements.
3. Continue the massage of the cheeks with tingling in a chaotic manner and complete with stroking movements from the temples to the upper lip.
4. Stretch your lips - for this you need to pinch them easily from the center to the corners.
5. Stroke the forehead area from the middle to the temples - it is recommended to use the middle or index finger.

For patients who have been found to have facial muscle hypertonicity, a slightly different speech therapy massage technique is distinguished:

1. Massage should begin with light stroking movements along the neck in the direction of hair growth on the back of the head to the collar zone.
2. Then, with massaging movements, move from the temple to the middle of the forehead, gradually rising to the scalp.
3. From the temples to the nostrils, move your fingers with rotational movements, while lightly pressing on the skin.
4. Knead the lips with light pressure and strokes in the direction from the corners to the middle of the mouth.

Improving concentration

A clear and structured speech is possible only with full concentration of attention on the speaker's story. As practice shows, no matter how erudite and inquisitive a person is, without composure he will not be able to express his thoughts correctly.

The level of attention and arousal of the brain is controlled by two main hormones - dopamine and norepinephrine.

Important! Dopamine promotes concentration on one specific goal, and norepinephrine allows you to be attentive to everything that happens from the outside.

Simply put, in order to increase concentration, you should increase the content of these hormones in the blood. You can achieve this effect with the help of simple recommendations.

1. Avoid overwork. Scientists have proven that a person who has not slept for 21 or more hours in a row is not able to make adequate decisions and think sensibly - his condition is equated to a deep stage of alcohol intoxication. The same effect is observed in those who sleep no more than 3-4 hours for 4 or more days. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the sleep pattern and keep it normal.
2. Do things you love. Studies have shown that the anticipation of something pleasant causes the release of that same dopamine. To provoke the release of the hormone, you need to do your favorite things that give pleasure.

In addition, following the simple advice of psychologists, you can learn to be more focused and structure your thinking.

1. Learn to plan. It is very important to correctly distribute forces and time, since it is this skill that contributes to the education of discipline and structured actions.
2. Follow the biorhythm. For some, the productive time of day is the day, and for others, the night. It is advisable not to try to "break" your own biorhythm - this will allow you to be as productive as possible.
3. Do not spray. In order to better perform the assigned tasks, you should take them one by one.
4. Don't procrastinate. “Later I’ll do it, now it doesn’t burn” is a phrase that can completely disrupt inner composure and bring dissonance into everyday life. If there are important things to do, it is better to do them right away than to put them off indefinitely.
5. Learn to relax. Who works well should also have a good rest. In order not to earn overwork and not bring the body to a stressful state, you should alternate any activity with rest.

Expanding horizons

The fundamental component of development is the expansion of horizons. This allows you to maintain any conversation, be interesting in communication and be remembered with a sharp mind. In the modern world, it is very easy to acquire new knowledge - you can draw information from a variety of sources.

1. Reading books. The main source of development and obtaining useful information is reading. Literature can be very different - from light fiction to complex books in the field of psychology or philosophy. It is recommended to read 1-2 diverse books every month - this will not only enrich your vocabulary, but also significantly broaden your horizons.
2. Travels. To see the world and learn about foreign cultures, you need to travel - this will allow you to know other cultures, customs, join something new and unknown. In addition, it is with the help of travel that you can learn foreign languages.
3. Expand your social circle. The more versatile personalities will surround you, the more useful information you can draw from them.
4. Attend trainings, webinars, courses. To broaden your horizons, you should constantly improve your professional skills. For this, there are now many different training programs aimed at improving skills.
5. Visit exhibitions, museums, theaters. “Join the beautiful” - it is not for nothing that this recommendation can be heard from all teachers. Visiting cultural institutions contribute to the study of art, the formation of figurative thinking.
6. Watch educational TV shows. On TV, unfortunately, they rarely show something sensible - mostly entertainment programs. But if you already choose this miracle of technology as a leisure activity, then it’s better to do it with benefit and watch educational programs about cooking, travel and more.

Speaking beautifully and expressing your thoughts intelligibly is a real art. This skill allows you to convince the interlocutors of the correctness of their statements, while the speaker's speech is not oversaturated with emotions and has the correct intonation.

Interesting to know! Scientists argue that eloquence can be natural or acquired.

In the first case, a person from early childhood easily speaks in public, easily wins attention to his stories and can easily support any topic (even one that he does not understand very well).

In the second, it is an acquired skill that has developed over the years. In this case, you should work hard on setting up diction, developing your horizons and the ability to attract a listener. To speak beautifully, there are also 7 tips that will help make speech pleasant and even a little attractive.

There are many modern books on which you can bring up a speaker. They are aimed at eliminating phobias, improving rhetoric and building confidence when speaking in public.

Among the huge amount of useful literature, the TOP 9 of the most popular and useful manuals for beginner speakers should be highlighted.

1. “Performing is easy. Everything you need to know about speeches and presentations by Max Atkinson.
2. “Secrets of great speakers. Talk like Churchill, act like Lincoln, James Humes.
3. How to Talk to Anyone, Anytime, Anywhere by Larry King.
4. The Art of Winning Arguments by Arthur Schopenhauer.
5. “Learn to speak so that you are heard”, Elvira Sarabyan.
6. "Tell to Win" by Peter Guber.
7. "The Art of Speaking and Listening" by Mortimer Adler.
8. "TED Style Talk" by Jeremy Donavan.
9. "Sell Your Idea" by Sam Harrison.

Compare with this one:

The other day I couldn't talk because nothing came to mind.

Last week, during a conversation with a potential client, I could not say a word because my head was empty.

Which example do you think is more successful and more likely to grab people's attention? Of course, the last one.

If in 1987 US President Ronald Reagan in his speech R. Reagan's speech in front of the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin about the Berlin Wall said something like:

This wall is something umm... that shouldn't be there, so let's get it down as soon as possible.

Such a message would simply be lost in the information flow. Instead, a concise and capacious challenge was thrown:

Tear down this wall!

Surely you noticed (if not for yourself, then for someone around you) speech defects of a rhythmic nature. When words are pronounced abruptly, with too long pauses, or vice versa, a person chatters so that the listener does not have time to understand his thoughts.

To feel the difference in perception, try saying the phrase below. Speak each syllable clearly and take short pauses between words. Hear the sound of your speech:

Today I will go to the gym. Perhaps with a friend.

You will end up with what is called "stepped" speech, in which there is too much emphasis on individual syllables, and this is a mistake.

Now try to mix each word with the next to make it look like one whole passage. Read without a hitch, but without too much haste:

Today I-going-to-the-gym-possibility-with-a-girlfriend.

It may seem that this option sounds somewhat casual. In fact, speech with such smooth transitions becomes easier to listen to.

With regard to too fast a pace, there is a risk not only to be misunderstood, but also to blurt out something superfluous (for example, in a fit of emotions). Again, recording on a voice recorder will help track the speed of speech.

Try to take a deep breath before each sentence and think that you are being listened to with great interest and you have nowhere to rush.

3. Inability to use body language

Many people know the difference between closed and open options, but continue to use closed gestures when they should, on the contrary, open.

Movements and facial expressions are characterized as open if they express a friendly attitude and readiness for interaction: when the palms are not hidden, the gaze is directed into the eyes of the interlocutor, the feet are turned in his direction, and the like. Closed gestures include crossed arms or legs, looking away or at the phone, clenched fists - anything that shows tension or even aggression.

We all have natural inclinations to behave in one way or another depending on the situation. If you disagree with someone, the body automatically reacts: you narrow your pupils, turn your head away, cross your arms. Conversely, when you are understood, listened to and supported, you unconsciously open up.

However, it is not always necessary to give non-verbal signals to the interlocutor, often the situation requires the opposite. Try to control your body movements and facial expressions when speaking. Pay attention to the position of the hands, to which facial muscles are tensed. With practice, you can manage it.

4. The habit of arguing

Disagreement in and of itself is not a bad thing. As they say, truth is born in a dispute. This is how creative ideas appear, an incentive to learn and improve something. All this can be useful and necessary for social interaction, even if you are against many people.

Disagreement can be considered a mistake only when nothing depends on the consent or disagreement of the interlocutors and does not change. That is, if it is an empty argument that does not bring any results other than irritating opponents. The point of such discussions is not to learn something new. When you claim someone is wrong, you are engaging in a verbal status battle with them. And that's why most of the debaters remain unconvinced - to maintain dignity.

The next time you hear a point of view that is ridiculous or wrong, in your opinion, first find out why the person thinks so, and do not rush to refute it.

If, even after listening to the arguments, you do not agree with someone's opinion, do not enter into useless. Instead, move the conversation to another topic where you can come to an understanding. Does such an area not exist? Then just stay away from that person.

5. Lack of topics for conversation

In an unfamiliar company or in a conversation with people new to you, words can dry up very quickly due to the difficulty in choosing a common topic. Probably, each of us at least once in our lives had to pull out some phrases from ourselves, trying to fill awkward pauses. In order not to get into uncomfortable situations, you can come up with a list of topics on duty in advance and use them on occasion.

Imagine the circumstances when you want to start a conversation with an unfamiliar or unfamiliar interlocutor: near a cooler at work, when meeting in a cafe, at a bus stop.

Prepare 10 topics that are suitable for talking to anyone in any situation.

It's easier than it looks. For example, you can always ask about life or work (of course, unobtrusively and delicately), discuss the latest news (but it is advisable to avoid politics), ask for advice on some issue. A win-win, though not very interesting option - talk about the weather.

6. Illiterate speech

Do not forget that a conversation with a literate, educated person is perceived better than with someone who gets confused in cases and vocabulary. Improve the culture of your speech, read more, use dictionaries. But at the same time, it is important to remember a sense of proportion: do not turn into a boring smart guy and do not load the interlocutor with phrases and terms that are too complicated for him.

These are the most common mistakes in speaking. Do you have any of them? Maybe you know a good way to get rid of them? Share your experience in the comments.

Compare with this one:

The other day I couldn't talk because nothing came to mind.

Last week, during a conversation with a potential client, I could not say a word because my head was empty.

Which example do you think is more successful and more likely to grab people's attention? Of course, the last one.

If in 1987 US President Ronald Reagan in his speech R. Reagan's speech in front of the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin about the Berlin Wall said something like:

This wall is something umm... that shouldn't be there, so let's get it down as soon as possible.

Such a message would simply be lost in the information flow. Instead, a concise and capacious challenge was thrown:

Tear down this wall!

Surely you noticed (if not for yourself, then for someone around you) speech defects of a rhythmic nature. When words are pronounced abruptly, with too long pauses, or vice versa, a person chatters so that the listener does not have time to understand his thoughts.

To feel the difference in perception, try saying the phrase below. Speak each syllable clearly and take short pauses between words. Hear the sound of your speech:

Today I will go to the gym. Perhaps with a friend.

You will end up with what is called "stepped" speech, in which there is too much emphasis on individual syllables, and this is a mistake.

Now try to mix each word with the next to make it look like one whole passage. Read without a hitch, but without too much haste:

Today I-going-to-the-gym-possibility-with-a-girlfriend.

It may seem that this option sounds somewhat casual. In fact, speech with such smooth transitions becomes easier to listen to.

With regard to too fast a pace, there is a risk not only to be misunderstood, but also to blurt out something superfluous (for example, in a fit of emotions). Again, recording on a voice recorder will help track the speed of speech.

Try to take a deep breath before each sentence and think that you are being listened to with great interest and you have nowhere to rush.

3. Inability to use body language

Many people know the difference between closed and open options, but continue to use closed gestures when they should, on the contrary, open.

Movements and facial expressions are characterized as open if they express a friendly attitude and readiness for interaction: when the palms are not hidden, the gaze is directed into the eyes of the interlocutor, the feet are turned in his direction, and the like. Closed gestures include crossed arms or legs, looking away or at the phone, clenched fists - anything that shows tension or even aggression.

We all have natural inclinations to behave in one way or another depending on the situation. If you disagree with someone, the body automatically reacts: you narrow your pupils, turn your head away, cross your arms. Conversely, when you are understood, listened to and supported, you unconsciously open up.

However, it is not always necessary to give non-verbal signals to the interlocutor, often the situation requires the opposite. Try to control your body movements and facial expressions when speaking. Pay attention to the position of the hands, to which facial muscles are tensed. With practice, you can manage it.

4. The habit of arguing

Disagreement in and of itself is not a bad thing. As they say, truth is born in a dispute. This is how creative ideas appear, an incentive to learn and improve something. All this can be useful and necessary for social interaction, even if you are against many people.

Disagreement can be considered a mistake only when nothing depends on the consent or disagreement of the interlocutors and does not change. That is, if it is an empty argument that does not bring any results other than irritating opponents. The point of such discussions is not to learn something new. When you claim someone is wrong, you are engaging in a verbal status battle with them. And that's why most of the debaters remain unconvinced - to maintain dignity.

The next time you hear a point of view that is ridiculous or wrong, in your opinion, first find out why the person thinks so, and do not rush to refute it.

If, even after listening to the arguments, you do not agree with someone's opinion, do not enter into useless. Instead, move the conversation to another topic where you can come to an understanding. Does such an area not exist? Then just stay away from that person.

5. Lack of topics for conversation

In an unfamiliar company or in a conversation with people new to you, words can dry up very quickly due to the difficulty in choosing a common topic. Probably, each of us at least once in our lives had to pull out some phrases from ourselves, trying to fill awkward pauses. In order not to get into uncomfortable situations, you can come up with a list of topics on duty in advance and use them on occasion.

Imagine the circumstances when you want to start a conversation with an unfamiliar or unfamiliar interlocutor: near a cooler at work, when meeting in a cafe, at a bus stop.

Prepare 10 topics that are suitable for talking to anyone in any situation.

It's easier than it looks. For example, you can always ask about life or work (of course, unobtrusively and delicately), discuss the latest news (but it is advisable to avoid politics), ask for advice on some issue. A win-win, though not very interesting option - talk about the weather.

6. Illiterate speech

Do not forget that a conversation with a literate, educated person is perceived better than with someone who gets confused in cases and vocabulary. Improve the culture of your speech, read more, use dictionaries. But at the same time, it is important to remember a sense of proportion: do not turn into a boring smart guy and do not load the interlocutor with phrases and terms that are too complicated for him.

These are the most common mistakes in speaking. Do you have any of them? Maybe you know a good way to get rid of them? Share your experience in the comments.

Many are wondering how to learn how to correctly express their thoughts so that the idea in question is understandable to the interlocutor. Problems with the formulation of phrases can arise for each person for various reasons - from lack of concentration or preparedness, impaired diction, lack of sufficient vocabulary. At the same time, the skill of expressing thoughts can be quickly developed by following simple recommendations and exercises.

There are several factors that can significantly complicate the understanding of the interlocutor and the perception of words. These include:

• excessive verbosity;
• too little information;
• poor vocabulary;
• violation of the logic of the story;
• excessive sarcasm (the interlocutor may not understand the meaning of the ironic remark and interpret it in his own way).

These points need to be analyzed. This is especially important for people who have difficulty learning how to express their thoughts clearly. Without this, a situation may arise when it becomes simply impossible to reach mutual understanding.

Components of Literate Speech

Speech is considered literate and clean if it has the following qualities:

The pronunciation should be even and confident. Make sure that your breathing is not knocked down.

Important qualities for the correct formulation of thought

People may not express their thoughts correctly for a variety of reasons. This is usually due to the fact that the speaker has a limited vocabulary, which is not enough to correctly pronounce the phrase. A person can choose synonyms that are not entirely unambiguous in meaning or use words that do not fit the style of the narrative. Speech variety is a determining factor in order to learn how to correctly express your thoughts in a conversation.

In its absence, the choice of a suitable word may take some time from the speaker. So that there is no awkward long silence, you need to train the speech function. To do this, it is important to use the following techniques (often they are given in response to the question “how to learn to express your thoughts”):

1. It is necessary to train the quality of memorizing information. To clearly express your ideas, improve attention, as well as memory, effectively learn poetry, memorize the longest sequences of numbers, learn the lyrics of your favorite songs.
2. It is necessary to increase the volume of a person's linguistic reserve. Reading fiction can help with this. When a person reads books, he learns to correctly formulate thoughts that can then be spoken (this will help anyone who does not know how to learn to clearly speak phrases that can immediately arouse interest in the interlocutor).
3. Increasing concentration of attention on a particular thought. It is important to be able to concentrate on what needs to be said - this will help to reproduce the thought aloud without inaccuracies, accidentally spoken words, erroneous expressions.

It is especially important for the speaker not to lose attention and not weaken it, otherwise he may make mistakes in speech. To understand how to express your thoughts correctly, you need to eliminate the causes of the difficulties that have arisen.

How to improve concentration

The method of managing the concentration of one's own attention is not too complicated, but it can be effective for those who cannot find a way for themselves to learn how to express their thoughts beautifully. You need to repeat the following combination:

• Mentally say the very word on which you want to concentrate several times, for example, "cat."
• Resort to visualization of the object in question (for example, speaking of a cat, you need to present in detail the details of its image, size, color, coat structure, age, temperament). Mental visualization is a powerful tool for training concentration, which in turn will greatly help you learn how to properly express your thoughts.
• Represent actions associated with this word, for what and how you want to use it.

Concentrating in a public or crowded place is much more difficult. During a conversation, extraneous circumstances that do not depend on the speaker may interfere: it may be noisy at the place of conversation or the listener may make a distracting movement.

Knowing how to maintain attention, as well as not lose the thread of the story, a person will be able to express his thoughts and phrases competently in any situation, regardless of the presence of distractions.

How to Improve Good Communication Skills

To speak beautifully at a professional level can be taught in acting classes. In such circles, the skills of correct stage speech, placement of intonational accents, and pure diction are formed.

How to improve speech quality with poor pronunciation

If a person wants to learn how to correctly express his thoughts on his own, he can use tongue twisters and special exercises from speech therapists if the problem is poor pronunciation.

First, tongue twisters need to be spoken clearly, not quickly, so that the sound being trained does not merge with others and does not disappear. Gradually, you can increase the reading speed to work out diction.

A set of speech therapy exercises includes simple actions aimed at staging sounds, increasing the mobility of the tongue. The following are most commonly used:

1. To improve the mobility of the tongue during speech, it is recommended to translate the tip of the tongue several times alternately into 4 positions: rest it first on one cheek, then on the other, then move it to the palate and bring the tip of the tongue closer to the root. Exercise increases the activity of the tongue during speech - its correct position must be worked out in order to quickly learn how to correctly express one's thoughts.
2. You can also sing all the vowels in turn, smoothly moving from one to another. This will improve the quality of the pronunciation of the trained sounds.

After a short time, a person will improve diction, will speak more clearly. This is the answer to the question “how to learn how to correctly build phrases” if you have problems with pronunciation.

General Ways to Improve Speech Quality

There are some general tips that can help a person learn how to correctly express their thoughts:

There is a useful exercise that helps you quickly learn how to speak and express your thoughts correctly. Its essence lies in the fact that every day you need to take a simple object (cat, table, house) and literally describe it for several minutes, including means of artistic expression, ignoring vernacular. With each new attempt, the monologue will lengthen and improve. Facial expressions can additionally be controlled in front of a mirror.

To control changes and shortcomings, you can record speech on a voice recorder - when you listen to what was said again, all inaccuracies will be heard. Structuring the statement helps to express your thoughts beautifully - highlighting the goal and main thoughts in the story. This will allow you not to say minor things, as well as to repeat yourself.

With a monologue, you need to be confident in yourself - then speech will become cleaner automatically. It is important to express yourself in simple, accessible words so that listeners do not have problems understanding - for this, you need to learn how to correctly express your thoughts.

You can also start a personal blog on the Internet or just a diary and describe the events there - this will help you learn how to formulate thoughts.

How to clearly express your thoughts in a letter, on the phone

The main difference between letters and oral speech is that the content of the message and the speech in it can be thought out in advance. In order to write down a thought clearly and competently from the first time, to effectively use the writer's technique - to imagine that a letter is a book that should be popular and successful. The quality of speech depends on the assessment of the written, and, therefore, its popularity.

This is especially true when writing work messages. It is often when writing formal messages that people wonder how to learn how to correctly express ideas and proposals.

It is important to follow the logic of the narrative, not being distracted by lyrical digressions, commenting on what was said and emotions. Each sentence should have its own significance and value, carry useful information that explains the statements in previous sentences. To check the text for euphony and literacy, you can read it aloud. This is important in order to develop the skills of a clear narrative and understand how to correctly express your thoughts so that the interlocutor does not have problems with interpretation.

When communicating by phone or Skype, it is also advisable to think over the conversation in advance, structuring the main information by points on a piece of paper - this will help to avoid unnecessary digressions.

It is important to achieve a balance between conciseness and capacity - it is better to say a little, but to cover the subject of the conversation as fully as possible, without missing important details: it will be easier for the interlocutor to delve into the thought and interpret it correctly. You need to control the situation and ask the interlocutor questions to assess whether he fully understands the thought.

To correctly express your thoughts, you need to be not only well-read, but also to have good diction, facial expressions, be literate, self-confident. Only then will people perceive speech easily. For the development of literate speech skills, there are specialized courses. By doing simple exercises, reading books and saying tongue twisters, you can improve communication skills and diction at home. Everyone can learn to express their thoughts well.